CBSE Class 10 Social Science The Making of A Global World Important Questions Set 03

Question 1. Name the person who pioneered mass production of cars in the USA.
Answer:
Henry Ford pioneered the mass production of cars in the USA.

Teacher's Note:
a) Henry Ford pioneered mass car production.
b) His assembly-line methods transformed manufacturing worldwide.

Question 2. Why did the big European powers meet in Berlin in 1885?
Answer:
The big European powers met in Berlin in 1885 for partitioning Africa among themselves.

Teacher's Note:
a) The 1885 Berlin meeting divided Africa among European colonial powers.
b) This carving-up of Africa is sometimes called the 'paper partition'.

Question 3. Which of the following West-Indies cricketers trace their roots to indentured labour migrants from India: (a) Vivian Richards and Gary Sobers (b) Chris Gayle and Dwayne Bravo (c) Ramnaresh Sarwan and Shivnarine Chanderpaul (d) Brian Lara and Courtney Walsh?
Answer:
(c) Ramnaresh Sarwan and Shivnarine Chanderpaul — both trace their roots to Indian indentured labour migrants in the West Indies.

Teacher's Note:
a) Sarwan and Chanderpaul descend from Indian indentured labourers.
b) Indentured Indian workers were sent to Caribbean plantations like Guyana and Trinidad.

Question 4. Which of the following was NOT a destination of Indian indentured migrants: (a) China (b) Caribbean Islands (c) Fiji (d) Ceylon?
Answer:
(a) China — China was not a destination for Indian indentured migrants, unlike the Caribbean Islands, Fiji and Ceylon.

Teacher's Note:
a) China was not a destination for Indian indentured labour.
b) The Caribbean, Fiji and Ceylon were genuine destinations for this migration.

Question 5. In which year did the Great Depression occur: (a) 1929-30 (b) 1935-36 (c) 1939-40 (d) 1941-42?
Answer:
(a) 1929-30 — the Great Depression began around 1929-30.

Teacher's Note:
a) The Great Depression began around 1929-30.
b) It triggered a prolonged global economic slump through the 1930s.

Question 6. Describe the impact of Rinderpest on people's livelihood and local economy in Africa in the 1890s.
Answer:
Rinderpest was a fast-spreading and devastating disease of cattle plague, which affected Africans in the following ways:
It moved like a forest fire across the continent.
About 90% of cattle were killed.
The loss of cattle destroyed African livelihoods; earlier, people rarely worked for a wage, as they possessed land and livestock, but after Rinderpest they were forced into wage labour, affecting the economy.
The colonial government also forced Africans into the labour market as a result.

Teacher's Note:
a) Rinderpest killed about 90% of African cattle in the 1890s.
b) This forced previously self-sufficient herders into colonial wage labour.

Question 7. Describe any three economic hardships faced by Europe in the 1830s.
Answer:
A rise in food prices, following a year of bad harvest, left the country poorer.
The rate of population growth was larger than that of employment generation.
Migration of the rural population to cities led to overcrowded slums.
Peasants suffered under the burden of feudal dues and obligations in some regions of Europe.

Teacher's Note:
a) Food shortages, population growth outpacing jobs, and urban overcrowding all strained 1830s Europe.
b) Lingering feudal dues added to peasant hardship in some regions.

Question 8. Mention any three effects of the British Government's decision to abolish the Corn Laws.
Answer:
Food could be imported into Britain at a much cheaper rate than it was produced within the country.
British agriculture was unable to compete with imports; vast areas of land were left uncultivated, and people started migrating to cities or other countries.
As food prices fell, consumption in Britain rose; faster industrial growth in Britain also led to higher incomes and therefore more food imports.
Around the world, in Eastern Europe, Russia, America and Australia, lands were cleared and food production expanded to meet British demand.

Teacher's Note:
a) Abolishing the Corn Laws let cheap food imports undercut British farming.
b) This drove rural-to-urban migration at home and expanded farmland abroad to meet British demand.

Question 9. Why did industrialists and city dwellers in Britain force the government to abolish the Corn Laws? Give two reasons.
Answer:
Unhappy with high food prices, urban dwellers and industrialists forced the abolition of the Corn Laws.
As Britain's population grew in the late 18th century, demand for food grains rose, spiking prices; with industrial expansion, cities grew further, raising food demand even more.
Rising food prices caused social unrest, forcing the government to scrap the Corn Laws; most industrialists and landlords also opposed the Corn Laws, since these laws hindered free trade.

Teacher's Note:
a) High food prices from population growth and city expansion drove social unrest.
b) Industrialists also opposed the Corn Laws because they restricted free trade, adding economic pressure to abolish them.