CBSE Class 10 Social Science The Age of Industrialisation MCQs Set 08

Practice MCQs for Class 10 Social Science Chapter 04 The Age of Industrialization

Explore reliable objective questions for Chapter 04 The Age of Industrialization tailored for Class 10 learners. Utilizing these Social Science multiple-choice formats ensures thorough preparation and strengthens problem-solving speed for upcoming school assessments.

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: The cotton mill in England was created by:
(a) Richard Arkwright
(b) James Watt
(c) Seth Hukumchand
(d) Henry Patullo
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Richard Arkwright

Explanation:
1. Richard Arkwright developed the idea of the cotton mill, bringing production together under one roof.

Question 2: The steam engine produced by Newcomen was improved by:
(a) Richard Arkwright
(b) Matthew Boulton
(c) James Watt
(d) Dinshaw Petit
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Answer: (c) James Watt

Explanation:
1. James Watt improved and patented Newcomen's original engine design, in 1781.

Teacher's Note:
a) Matthew Boulton was Watt's business partner, who helped manufacture the improved engine, but didn't design it himself.

Question 3: Which were the most dynamic industries in Britain?
(a) Cotton and Sugar
(b) Cotton and Metal
(c) Cotton and Agro-based
(d) Ship and Cotton
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Answer: (b) Cotton and Metal

Explanation:
1. Cotton and metal (especially iron and steel) were Britain's most dynamic, fastest-growing industries during industrialisation.

Question 4: A person who sorts wool according to its fibre is called a:
(a) Stapler
(b) Fuller
(c) Caller
(d) None of these
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Answer: (a) Stapler

Explanation:
1. This occupation is called a stapler, from the sorting ('stapling') of wool by fibre quality.

Question 5: Which was the first country to undergo the Industrial Revolution?
(a) Japan
(b) Britain
(c) Germany
(d) France
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Answer: (b) Britain

Explanation:
1. Britain was the first country to industrialise, beginning in the mid-to-late eighteenth century.

Question 6: Production processes involving carding, twisting, rolling and stapling are associated with which industry?
(a) Textile Industry
(b) Railway Industry
(c) Shipping Industry
(d) None of the above
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Textile Industry

Explanation:
1. These are all stages in processing cotton or wool fibre, specific to the textile industry.

Question 7: When did the earliest factories come up in England?
(a) In the 1720s
(b) In the 1730s
(c) In the 1740s
(d) In the 1750s
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) In the 1730s

Explanation:
1. England's first factories appeared around the 1730s.

Question 8: The Spinning Jenny was devised by:
(a) James Hargreaves
(b) Richard Arkwright
(c) Newcomen
(d) James Watt
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Answer: (a) James Hargreaves

Explanation:
1. James Hargreaves invented the Spinning Jenny, which sped up spinning and reduced labour demand.

Question 9: The Spinning Jenny was designed in which year?
(a) 1746
(b) 1647
(c) 1674
(d) 1764
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Answer: (d) 1764

Explanation:
1. The Spinning Jenny was devised by Hargreaves in 1764.

Question 10: This city on the Gujarat coast connected India to the Gulf and Red Sea ports:
(a) Dwarka
(b) Surat
(c) Bhavnagar
(d) Porbandar
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Surat

Explanation:
1. Surat was the key pre-colonial port connecting India's west coast trade to the Gulf and Red Sea.

Question 11: Which town on the Coromandel Coast had trade links with Southeast Asian ports?
(a) Afghanistan
(b) Surat
(c) Masulipatnam
(d) Persia
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Answer: (c) Masulipatnam

Explanation:
1. Masulipatnam, on the Coromandel Coast, linked India's eastern trade to Southeast Asia.

Question 12: Why did weavers suffer from a problem of raw cotton supply, by the 1860s?
(a) The cotton crop perished
(b) Raw cotton exports increased
(c) Local markets shrank
(d) The export market collapsed
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Raw cotton exports increased

Explanation:
1. As raw cotton exports from India increased (partly to feed British mills), domestic weavers faced shortages and higher prices for the raw cotton they needed.

Teacher's Note:
a) This is a separate, later problem from the earlier collapse of their export and local markets to Manchester imports.

Question 13: The paid servants of the East India Company who supervised weavers were called:
(a) Seth
(b) Mamlatdar
(c) Gomastha
(d) Lambardar
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Gomastha

Explanation:
1. Gomasthas were the Company's paid agents, appointed to supervise weavers directly.

Question 14: Which 18th-century Indian port town went into decline?
(a) Surat
(b) Bombay
(c) Calcutta
(d) Madras
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Surat

Explanation:
1. Surat, a major pre-colonial port, declined sharply as European-controlled ports like Bombay and Calcutta grew.

Question 15: Which town in Bengal had trade links with Southeast Asian ports?
(a) Hooghly
(b) Porbandar
(c) Dwarka
(d) Masulipatnam
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Hooghly

Explanation:
1. Hooghly, in Bengal, was the pre-colonial port connecting the region to Southeast Asian trade.

Question 16: The first jute mill, set up by Marwari businessman Seth Hukumchand in 1917, was located in:
(a) Calcutta
(b) Madras
(c) Bombay
(d) Ahmedabad
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Calcutta

Explanation:
1. Seth Hukumchand set up the first Indian-owned jute mill in Calcutta, in 1917.

Question 17: Which two Parsis of Bombay built huge industrial empires, partly from wealth earned through exports to China?
(a) James Hargreaves and Jamsetjee Nusserwanjee Tata
(b) Seth Hukumchand and Dinshaw Petit
(c) Dwarkanath Tagore and G. D. Birla
(d) Dinshaw Petit and Jamsetjee Nusserwanjee Tata
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Dinshaw Petit and Jamsetjee Nusserwanjee Tata

Explanation:
1. Dinshaw Petit and Jamsetjee Nusserwanjee Tata were the two Bombay Parsis who built major industrial empires, with capital partly drawn from the China trade.

Question 18: In which north Indian city was the Elgin Mill established?
(a) Delhi
(b) Lucknow
(c) Kanpur
(d) Allahabad
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Answer: (c) Kanpur

Explanation:
1. The Elgin Mill was established in Kanpur, in the 1860s.

Question 19: Which best defines a 'jobber'?
(a) Someone industrialists employed to recruit new workers
(b) An old, trusted worker
(c) A person of authority and power
(d) Someone who controlled the lives of workers
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Someone industrialists employed to recruit new workers

Explanation:
1. A jobber's core function was being employed by industrialists specifically to recruit new workers, usually from his own village.

Teacher's Note:
a) The other three options describe what the jobber often BECAME, as a result of this recruiting role, not the definition itself.

Question 20: Which neighbouring district provided an overwhelming majority of Mumbai's mill workers in 1911?
(a) Sindhudurg
(b) Nasik
(c) Ratnagiri
(d) Thane
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Ratnagiri

Explanation:
1. Over half of Bombay's cotton mill workers in 1911 came from the neighbouring district of Ratnagiri.

Question 21: Dwarkanath Tagore was a:
(a) Painter
(b) Industrialist
(c) Philosopher
(d) Social reformer
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Answer: (b) Industrialist

Explanation:
1. Dwarkanath Tagore was among the early Indian industrialists of the 1830s-40s.

Question 22: From which trade did the early Indian entrepreneurs make much of their fortune?
(a) Textile trade
(b) China trade
(c) Trade in tea
(d) Industries
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) China trade

Explanation:
1. Many early Indian industrialists built their capital through trade with China, including the opium-tea trade, before investing in industry.

Question 23: In 1911, 67% of India's large industries were located in which two regions?
(a) Bengal and Bombay
(b) Surat and Ahmedabad
(c) Delhi and Bombay
(d) Patna and Lucknow
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Bengal and Bombay

Explanation:
1. Bengal and Bombay together accounted for about 67% of India's large factories in 1911.

Question 24: Why did most workers oppose the introduction of new technology in nineteenth-century English factories?
(a) They felt cloth quality would suffer
(b) They didn't want to work on modern machines
(c) Fear of losing employment
(d) All of the above
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Fear of losing employment

Explanation:
1. Workers' main opposition to new machinery stemmed from fear that it would reduce the need for their labour and cost them their jobs.

Teacher's Note:
a) The Spinning Jenny attacks by hand spinners are the classic example of this fear in action.

Question 25: Which became a vehicle for the nationalist message of swadeshi?
(a) Advertisements
(b) Textile mills
(c) Steam engine
(d) Spinning Jenny
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Advertisements

Explanation:
1. Advertisements, alongside calendar art and other visual media, were used to spread the nationalist swadeshi message, encouraging people to buy Indian-made goods.

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Practice MCQs for Class 10 Social Science Chapter 04 The Age of Industrialization

Class 10 Social Science Chapter 04 The Age of Industrialization Objective Test Questions

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FAQs

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