RBSE Solutions Class 9 Physical Education Chapter 9 Gymnastics, Acrobatics and Pyramid

Textbook Questions Solved

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1. The length of the Balance Beam is
(a) 5000 mm.
(b) 4000 mm.
(c) 2500 mm.
(d) 3000 mm.
Answer: (a) 5000 mm.
In simple words: The balance beam is a long, thin piece of equipment used in gymnastics. It is exactly 5000 millimeters long. This length helps gymnasts practice their balance and routines.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember specific measurements like the length of the balance beam as they are often tested in objective questions.

Question 2. The Malkhambh gymnastics had its origin in the Indian state of
(a) Madhya Pradesh,
(b) Andhra Pradesh.
(c) Maharashtra.
(d) Uttar Pradesh.
Answer: (c) Maharashtra.
In simple words: Malkhambh, a traditional Indian sport where a gymnast performs exercises with a wooden pole or rope, first started in the state of Maharashtra. It is a very old and unique form of gymnastics.

🎯 Exam Tip: Knowing the origin of traditional sports like Malkhambh is important for general knowledge and cultural awareness questions.

Question 3. In the Cart-Wheel exercise the gymnast forms the posture of the
(a) Clock.
(b) Horse.
(c) Hanuman.
(d) Wheel.
Answer: (d) Wheel.
In simple words: When a gymnast does a Cart-Wheel, their body moves in a way that looks like a spinning wheel. They turn their body sideways, putting their hands down one after the other, and then their feet.

🎯 Exam Tip: Visualize the movement of a Cart-Wheel to easily recall which object it resembles for this type of question.

Question 5. In order to form pyramids the students should have
(a) Inflexible back.
(b) Strong will power.
(c) Strong hands, feet and shoulders.
(d) None of the options.
Answer: (c) Strong hands, feet and shoulders.
In simple words: To build human pyramids, people need to be strong in their hands, feet, and shoulders. These body parts bear the weight and provide stability for the pyramid structure.

🎯 Exam Tip: When forming pyramids, strength in weight-bearing limbs is crucial for safety and successful execution.

Question 6. Which of the following is an apparatus exercises
(a) Pommel Horse,
(b) Balance Beam.
(c) Roman Ring.
(d) All of the options.
Answer: (d) All of the options.
In simple words: Pommel Horse, Balance Beam, and Roman Ring are all pieces of equipment used in gymnastics exercises. Gymnasts use these tools to perform different moves and routines.

🎯 Exam Tip: Familiarize yourself with the various gymnastics apparatus as questions may ask you to identify them or describe their use.

Question 7. The modern gymnastics had its origin in the
(a) Nineteenth century.
(b) Seventeenth century.
(c) Twentieth century.
(d) Eighteenth century.
Answer: (c) Twentieth century.
In simple words: The way we see modern gymnastics today, with all its organized sports and competitions, largely started in the twentieth century. This is when it developed into a well-structured and popular sport.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to dates and historical periods related to the development of sports, as these are common factual questions.

Question 9. Which of the following is a common gymnastics for both men and women?
(a) Horizontal Bar.
(b) Vaulting Horse.
(c) Parallel Bar.
(d) Roman Ring.
Answer: (b) Vaulting Horse.
In simple words: The Vaulting Horse is a piece of gymnastics equipment that both men and women use. While some events are gender-specific, vaulting is common for both.

🎯 Exam Tip: Be aware of the distinction between apparatus used by only men or women, and those common to both genders in gymnastics.

Question 10. It is not one of the sportive gymnastics
(a) Trampoline.
(b) Aerobics.
(c) Remedial.
(d) Artistic.
Answer: (c) Remedial.
In simple words: Remedial gymnastics is not a competitive sport like Trampoline, Aerobics, or Artistic gymnastics. Instead, it is used as a therapy to help people recover from injuries or improve their physical condition.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the purpose of different types of gymnastics; "remedial" indicates a therapeutic, not competitive, focus.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. Name the types of Malkhambh gymnastics.
Answer: Malkhambh gymnastics has three main types. These are Fixed Malkhambh, Hanging Malkhambh, and Rjjoo Malkhambh. Each type uses a different setup of the pole or rope. It's an ancient Indian martial arts exercise adapted into a sport.
In simple words: The three types of Malkhambh gymnastics are Fixed, Hanging, and Rjjoo Malkhambh.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked to name types, list them clearly and accurately. For bonus points, briefly describe each type if time permits.

Question 2. Why is gymnastics called the father of all other sports and games?
Answer: The provided content does not contain the answer to this question. The answer block discusses a "spring exercise," which is not relevant to the question asked.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always make sure your answer directly addresses the question asked. If the information isn't available, state that clearly rather than providing irrelevant details.

Question 4. Name the skills which can be demonstrated in the Parallel Bar gymnastics?
Answer: Gymnasts can perform several skills on the Parallel Bars. These include Walking or Step on Parallel Bar, Rising the Bar, and Front Roll. These moves require a lot of upper body strength and balance. Parallel bars help develop symmetrical strength.
In simple words: Skills on Parallel Bars include walking or stepping on the bars, rising up, and doing front rolls.

🎯 Exam Tip: When listing skills, try to remember at least three to four examples to score well in descriptive questions.

Question 5. What does Gymnastics imply?
Answer: Gymnastics is a sport that helps build strong muscles and makes the body flexible, active, and alert. It tests a person's strength, balance, and coordination. A good gymnast controls their body completely and knows how to balance well. Gymnastics is a structured set of exercises designed to improve the body's physical condition. It combines strength, flexibility, and agility.
In simple words: Gymnastics means a set of exercises that builds muscles, makes the body flexible, and improves balance and coordination.

🎯 Exam Tip: In your definition, ensure you cover key aspects like muscle development, flexibility, balance, and coordination as these are fundamental to gymnastics.

Question 6. Write the names of any four floor exercises.
Answer: Four common floor exercises in gymnastics are Forward Roll, Backward Roll, Cart Wheel, and Head Stand. These exercises are performed on a padded surface without equipment. They help in developing body control and agility.
In simple words: Four floor exercises are Forward Roll, Backward Roll, Cart Wheel, and Head Stand.

🎯 Exam Tip: List a variety of exercises to show a broad understanding of floor routines. Focus on basic, well-known moves.

Question 7. Name the different skills which can be demonstrated on the Horizontal Bar.
Answer: Many skills can be performed on the Horizontal Bar. These include Pull up exercises, Leg exercises, Swaying the legs in the air, Jumping to a front support position, and raising the lower half of the body. These movements require significant upper body strength and core control. The horizontal bar is one of the most dynamic apparatus.
In simple words: Skills on the Horizontal Bar include pull-ups, leg exercises, swinging legs, jumping to front support, and lifting the lower body.

🎯 Exam Tip: For horizontal bar skills, mention movements that involve swinging, holding, and lifting, as these are characteristic actions.

Question 8. Name the gymnastics apparatus for Men.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked about specific apparatus, ensure you list those exclusively or primarily used by that gender in competitive gymnastics.

Question 10. What does the concept of Malkhambh imply? Write about its cross grip exercise.
Answer: Malkhambh is a traditional gymnastics form that uses a wooden pole, typically 8 to 10 feet tall. This pole is buried in the ground and is wider at the bottom (about 15 cm or 6 inches) and narrower at the top (10 mm). Before use, it is treated with oil to make it smooth and slippery. This helps gymnasts perform movements with ease. A specific technique is the Malkhambh cross grip. In this grip, performers stand beside the pole with their hands raised. They then bring their feet out and grip the pole with their thigh using a scissor grip, swinging their body in different directions in the air. This exercise improves flexibility and strength.
In simple words: Malkhambh uses a tall, oiled wooden pole for gymnastics. The cross grip involves holding the pole with hands and thighs, then swinging the body in different ways.

🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining concepts, define the main term first, then describe specific techniques or features as requested by the question.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1. Explain the Roman Ring and Pommel Horse gymnastics.
Answer:
Roman Ring: A gymnast performs on the Roman Rings by jumping to grasp them with both hands. They then swing their whole body with forceful movements to gain speed. While swinging, they might turn upside down by pushing their feet through both hands. After this, they balance their body on their hands. Many other skills can be demonstrated, such as Back circle to back hang, Back lever, Back uprise, Muscle up, and Swinging with straddle cut. This apparatus demands extreme upper body strength and precise timing.
Pommel Horse: The Pommel Horse is made of a steel frame covered with leather or synthetic material, featuring wooden or synthetic grips. Its base must be stable and free from vibrations. The apparatus is approximately 1600 mm long, 350 mm wide, and 1100 mm high from the floor. The distance between the pommels (handles) is around 400-450 mm. Gymnasts perform intricate, continuous movements using their hands on the pommels and the horse's body. These skills include various swings, turns, and balances, requiring immense core strength and balance.
In simple words: Roman Rings involve gymnasts swinging and balancing on two hanging rings, showing strength and control. Pommel Horse involves gymnasts moving around a horse-shaped apparatus with handles, doing complex swings and balances without touching the floor with their legs.

🎯 Exam Tip: For apparatus explanations, describe how a gymnast uses the equipment, the type of skills performed, and the physical qualities required for each. Include key dimensions if provided.

Question 2. Write about the skipping exercise for women.
Answer:
Skipping (Fancy Floor Exercise): For this floor exercise, the gymnast uses a rope. They hold both ends of the rope firmly in their hands. They bring the rope backward, keeping it close to their ankles, with both feet together. Using force from their hands, shoulders, and elbows, they bring the rope forward over their head. At the same time, they jump with both feet raised to let the rope pass underneath them and go to the back. This movement is a continuous cycle. Initially, this process is repeated slowly and then the pace gradually increases. Before starting, the gymnast should stand straight and do some jogging or other warm-up exercises. The skipping can be done about 60 times, depending on the person's physical condition. This exercise is beneficial for wrists, elbows, feet, ankles, and shoulders, as it improves blood circulation and helps reduce body fat. The body becomes strong and agile, and it should be done in the open air for best results. Skipping is an excellent cardiovascular workout.
In simple words: Skipping for women uses a rope, where the gymnast swings it over their head and jumps to let it pass under their feet. It starts slow and gets faster, helping to warm up the body, strengthen joints, improve circulation, and reduce body fat.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing an exercise, include details on how it is performed, any equipment used, safety precautions (like warm-up), and the physical benefits it provides.

Question 3. Explain the Nine boys and Eleven boys pyramid exercises.
Answer:
Pyramid of Nine Gymnasts: In this pyramid, four gymnasts first sit on their knees with their hands parallel to the floor, like a horse posture. On their backs, three lighter gymnasts stand, holding each other's hands for support. Then, two gymnasts balance themselves on the sides, on their heads, while their legs are held firmly by the two standing gymnasts, one with the left hand and the other with the right hand. This creates a stable three-tiered structure.
Pyramid of Eleven Gymnasts: For this larger pyramid, four gymnasts start by sitting on their knees, with their hands touching the floor and their waist held in a specific posture. The arrangement then builds upon this base with additional gymnasts forming higher tiers. This type of pyramid requires even greater coordination and strength from all participants.
In simple words: A Nine-gymnast pyramid involves a base of four, three in the middle, and two balancing on top. An Eleven-gymnast pyramid starts with a base of four sitting on their knees and hands, then builds upwards with more people.

🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining pyramid formations, clearly describe the base, middle, and top tiers, indicating how many gymnasts are in each and how they support each other.

Question 4. Write briefly about some of the floor exercises.
Answer: Floor exercises are performed directly on the floor without needing any special apparatus, making them some of the simplest gymnastics activities. Usually, only a thick mattress made of foam or rubber is needed to provide cushioning and safety. This mattress is spread out on the floor. Two common examples are the Forward Roll and the Backward Roll.
Forward Roll: For a forward roll, the gymnast stands on the mattress with hands parallel to the ground. They place their palms firmly on the mattress and bend their knees. They bend their neck inwards between their arms, bend their elbows, and roll forward over their waist. During the roll, they keep their knees bent together near their chest to avoid injury. This movement develops core strength and flexibility.
Backward Roll: The gymnast stands beside the thick mattress and bends their neck and waist backward, sitting on the floor. They rotate their feet in a semi-circular motion towards their head, then place their palms on the floor, and roll backward. During the backward roll, they keep their legs stretched and unbent. This exercise builds body awareness and coordination. Floor exercises are fundamental for developing basic gymnastics skills.
In simple words: Floor exercises are simple moves done on a soft mattress without equipment. Examples are the Forward Roll, where you roll forward over your back with bent knees, and the Backward Roll, where you roll backward from a seated position with straight legs.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing floor exercises, include details on the starting position, the key movements, and any specific body positioning (like knee bends for safety). Mentioning the equipment (mattress) is also helpful.

Question 5. What are the advantages of gymnastics? Also, explain the Balance Beam exercises.
Answer: Gymnastics provides many advantages, including developing strong muscles, making the body flexible, active, and alert. It serves as a test of strength, balance, and coordination. A gymnast gains full control over their body and learns how to maintain balance. Gymnastics is a structured set of exercises designed to improve the body's overall physical condition. It also helps in improving mental focus and discipline.
The Balance Beam is a rectangular apparatus made of wood or metal, supported by an iron or steel base at both ends. The beam rests on four sturdy supports (two on each side) to keep it stable and free from vibrations. It is typically 5000 mm long, 100 mm wide, and stands about 120 cm (1200 mm) from the floor. Excellent body balance and strong mental concentration are essential for Balance Beam exercises. All exercises performed on the balance beam showcase a gymnast's body balance, good posture, coordination, and grace. For beginners, it's necessary to first practice preliminary exercises like rising onto the beam and getting down. Balance beam exercises are mainly designed for girl students. Mastering the beam builds confidence and precision.
In simple words: Gymnastics builds strong muscles, flexibility, and improves balance and coordination. The Balance Beam is a long, narrow apparatus where gymnasts perform exercises requiring great balance and mental focus, especially for girls.

🎯 Exam Tip: For multi-part questions, ensure both parts are addressed thoroughly. Clearly separate the advantages of gymnastics from the explanation of the Balance Beam exercises.

Question 6. Which important points should be kept in mind for Acrobatics? Explain any three acrobatics games?
Answer: Acrobatics is a physical activity that helps young people develop skills, proficiency, self-confidence, a sense of security, and adventure. To practice acrobatics safely, the following important points should be kept in mind:
1. Always practice acrobatics with partners of the same age, weight, and gender to ensure fair and safe conditions.
7. Thoroughly learn all the skills or techniques before attempting acrobatics. Proper preparation minimizes the risk of injury. It's crucial to understand the principles of balance and support.
Here are three important acrobatic activities:
Stick Wrest: In this activity, two competitors stand face-to-face, each holding a 1 to 1.4-foot-long stick made of strong wood with both hands. When a signal (whistle) is given, both try to loosen each other's grip on the stick. The person who successfully makes the other lose their grip wins. Participants are not allowed to change hands or lift their feet from the floor. This can be repeated in 3 to 5 rounds.
Kangaroo March: One competitor places both hands on the floor, raises their legs, and places them on the back of the opponent's waist, supported by the opponent's thighs. The first competitor then crosses their ankles firmly and sways their body while keeping their waist raised. The opponent, who is lifting the weight, holds the first player's ankles with both hands at their waist. In this position, the weight holder walks three meters and then returns the same distance. The weight holder repeats the same process, and the person who covers the distance in the least amount of time wins. This game can be played in two to three rounds.
Hopping Tug of War: Two competitors stand face-to-face, each holding the other's opposite palms. They move their second hand slightly back and firmly grasp the other's opposite leg, bent at the knee. When the whistle or signal is given, both competitors try to disturb the other's balance. The person whose balance is disturbed loses, and the other wins. This is practiced in 3 to 5 rounds to determine the overall winner.
In simple words: For acrobatics, practice with similar partners, and learn all skills well first. Three acrobatic games are: Stick Wrest (two people try to pull a stick from each other's grip), Kangaroo March (one person carries another on their back while walking), and Hopping Tug of War (two people grab hands and one leg, then try to make the other lose balance).

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing safety points for physical activities, prioritize those related to matching participant abilities and proper technique. For games, clearly outline the setup, objective, and winning condition.

Additional Questions Solved

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1. Pick out the odd one from the following:
(a) Pommel Horse
(b) Halasana
(c) Mayurasana
(d) Shirshasana

🎯 Exam Tip: To identify the odd one out, classify the given options into categories (e.g., gymnastics apparatus vs. yoga poses) and see which one doesn't fit.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. Name the Romanian gymnast who recorded a Perfect 10 in the Munich Olympics, in gymnastics.
Answer: Nadia Comaneci was a Romanian gymnast who achieved a perfect score of 10 in Beam Gymnastics during the Munich Olympics in 1976. She was remarkably young at the time, being only 14 years old. Her achievement was historic and widely celebrated in the world of sports.
In simple words: Nadia Comaneci, a 14-year-old Romanian gymnast, scored a perfect 10 on the Balance Beam at the 1976 Munich Olympics.

🎯 Exam Tip: For questions about famous sports figures and their achievements, remember the name, nationality, specific event, and year if provided.

Question 2. What are the types of gymnastics?
Answer: Gymnastics exercises are generally classified into two main types: Floor exercises and Apparatus Exercises. Floor exercises are performed directly on the floor without using any equipment. A mattress is spread to prevent injuries to the gymnast's body during these routines. Apparatus gymnastics involves performing exercises using various pieces of equipment. Examples of such apparatus include the Parallel Bar, Horizontal Bar, Vaulting Horse, Pommel Horse, and Balance Beam. Each type of gymnastics focuses on different skills and physical demands.
In simple words: Gymnastics is mainly of two types: Floor exercises (done on the floor) and Apparatus exercises (done using equipment like bars and beams).

🎯 Exam Tip: When classifying types of gymnastics, clearly define each category and provide examples of exercises or apparatus associated with them.

Question 3. Give a brief history of gymnastics.
Answer: Gymnastic exercises existed as early as 2600 B.C. in China. However, modern gymnastics truly began to develop in ancient Greece and Rome, where it was valued for physical education and military training. In 1924, gymnastics was officially included in the Olympic Games, held in Paris, marking its global recognition as a competitive sport. Later, in 1974, it was also included in the Asian Games, which took place in Teheran. This shows its gradual evolution from ancient practices to a major international sport.
In simple words: Gymnastics started in ancient China, but truly grew in Greece and Rome. It became an Olympic sport in Paris in 1924 and was added to the Asian Games in 1974.

🎯 Exam Tip: When providing a brief history, mention key periods, civilizations, and significant events like inclusion in major sporting competitions.

Question 2. Give some general information about the pyramid exercises.
Answer: Pyramid exercises are group activities where three or more people work together to create a pyramid-like shape. These exercises are named after the Egyptian-style pyramid structure that gymnasts form with their bodies. For gymnasts to create these pyramid structures, their bodies need to be strong and flexible. This is because they have to balance two or three other gymnasts on their backs, shoulders, and knees. Therefore, their backs, shoulders, knees, and hands must be strong enough to support the weight of other gymnasts. Also, the body needs to be very flexible because gymnasts often have to twist and bend at different angles to form the shapes. So, flexibility, strength, endurance, coordination, self-confidence, and good balancing power are all important qualities for gymnasts performing pyramid exercises. Pyramid exercises highlight teamwork and trust.
In simple words: Pyramid exercises are group activities where gymnasts form pyramid shapes with their bodies. They need to be strong and flexible, especially in their backs, shoulders, knees, and hands, to balance others and bend into different positions.

🎯 Exam Tip: When discussing pyramid exercises, emphasize the need for group coordination, individual strength and flexibility, and the importance of balance and support among participants.