RBSE Solutions Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Mindful Eating A Path to a Healthy Body

Question 1. Do we obtain all nutrients from plants and animals?
Answer: Yes, we get all our nutrients from both plants and animals. Plants make their own food, and animals either eat plants or other animals. This shows how all living things are connected for their food needs.
In simple words: We get all the good things our body needs to grow and stay healthy from plants and animals.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always remember that plants are primary producers, forming the base of all food chains.

Question 2. What are the food sources that provide water to our body? List a few of them.
Answer: Our bodies get water from many food sources, not just by drinking water. Vegetables like cucumber and lettuce, fruits like watermelon and oranges, and milk are major food items that give our bodies water. These foods help keep us hydrated and healthy.
In simple words: Vegetables, fruits, and milk are common foods that provide water to our body.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that water is a crucial nutrient, essential for almost all body functions, so consuming water-rich foods is very important.

Question 3. How would eating local food help reduce food miles?
Answer: Eating food grown nearby helps reduce "food miles." Food miles are the distance food travels from where it is grown to where we eat it. When we choose local food, it means the food items do not have to travel far. This short journey from the farm to our plates helps to cut down on pollution and saves fuel used for transport. This also supports local farmers.
In simple words: Eating local food means it doesn't travel far, which helps reduce the distance food needs to travel and lowers pollution.

🎯 Exam Tip: The concept of "food miles" highlights the environmental impact of food transportation and encourages local consumption for sustainability.

Let Us Enhance Our Learning

Question. Pick the odd one out and give reasons :
(i) Jowar, Bajra, Ragi, Chana
(ii) Kidney beans, Green gram, Soya bean, Rice
Answer:
(i) 'Chana' is the odd one because it belongs to the pulses family. Jowar, bajra, and ragi are all types of millets. Millets are small-seeded grasses grown as grain crops, while pulses are legumes.
(ii) 'Rice' is the odd one because it is a grain. Kidney beans, green gram, and soya bean are all types of pulses (dals). Grains provide carbohydrates, and pulses are rich in protein.
In simple words: Chana is different because it's a pulse, while the others are millets. Rice is different because it's a grain, while the others are pulses.

🎯 Exam Tip: To correctly identify the odd one out, classify each item into its food group (e.g., grain, pulse, vegetable, fruit) and look for the item that doesn't fit the category of the others.

Question 2. Discuss traditional versus modern culinary practices in India.
Answer: Traditional and modern cooking methods in India are quite different. In the past, people often used local ingredients, cooked slowly over open fires, and preserved food naturally. Modern practices use many new ingredients from far away, often involve faster cooking methods like microwaves, and rely on refrigeration and packaged foods. These changes affect both the taste and nutrition of our meals. Despite modern changes, many traditional methods are still loved and used today.
In simple words: Traditional cooking used local items and slow methods, while modern cooking uses varied ingredients and quick techniques.

🎯 Exam Tip: When discussing differences, always provide examples of both traditional and modern methods or ingredients to make your points clear.

Question 3. A teacher says that good food may act as medicine. Ravi is curious about this statement and has some questions for his teacher. List at least two questions that he can ask.
Answer: Ravi can ask his teacher these questions:
1. What exactly do you mean by a 'good diet' in this context?
2. What special parts are found in healthy food that can work like good medicine for the body? This question aims to understand the specific components of food that contribute to its medicinal properties.
In simple words: Ravi can ask what a 'good diet' means and what parts of food make it like medicine.

🎯 Exam Tip: When formulating questions, make them specific and open-ended to encourage a detailed answer, especially when seeking clarification on a concept.

Question 4. Not all delicious foods are necessarily healthy, while not all nutritious foods are always enjoyable. Share your thoughts along with a few examples.
Answer: It is true that tasty foods are not always healthy, and healthy foods are not always tasty for everyone. For example, potato chips and fizzy drinks taste very good, but eating too much of them can make a person gain too much weight and cause other health problems. On the other hand, many vegetables like bitter gourd or some fruits might not taste exciting to everyone, but they are full of nutrients our body needs to stay well. The key is to find a balance and learn to enjoy nutritious foods. Understanding this balance helps us make better choices for our overall well-being.
In simple words: Some tasty foods are unhealthy (like chips), and some healthy foods might not taste great (like bitter gourd). We need to choose a balance.

🎯 Exam Tip: When giving examples, choose common and relatable food items to clearly illustrate your point about healthy versus tasty food.

Question 5. Medu does not eat vegetables but enjoys biscuits, noodles and white bread. She often has stomach ache and constipation. What changes should she make in her diet to get rid of these problems? Explain your answer.
Answer: Medu should start eating foods that are rich in dietary fibers to stop her stomach aches and constipation. Dietary fibers are important because they help our body digest food properly and make sure waste moves smoothly through the body. Eating more vegetables, fruits, and whole grains instead of just biscuits, noodles, and white bread would greatly improve her digestion and overall health. Adding more fiber will naturally relieve her problems.
In simple words: Medu should eat more fiber-rich foods like vegetables, fruits, and whole grains to help her digestion and stop stomach aches.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on linking specific dietary changes directly to the health problems mentioned in the question and explain the scientific reason for the recommendation.

Question 6. Reshma had trouble seeing things in dim light. The doctor tested her eyesight and prescribed a particular vitamin supplement. He also advised her to include a few food items in her diet.
(i) Which deficiency disease is she suffering from?
(ii) Which food component may be lacking in her diet?
(iii) Suggest some food items that she should include in her diet to overcome this problem (any four).
Answer:
(i) Reshma is suffering from 'Night blindness,' which is a deficiency disease. This condition makes it hard to see in low light.
In simple words: Reshma has night blindness.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always identify the specific disease correctly based on the symptoms described in the question.

Question 7. You are provided the following:
(i) Canned fruit juice
(ii) Fresh fruit juice
(iii) Fresh fruit
Which one would you prefer and why?
Answer: From a health point of view, we should choose fresh fruits. This is because canned fruit juices often have preservatives added to them. Also, many important dietary fibers and some vitamins found in fruit peels are missing in both canned fruit juice and fresh fruit juice. Fresh fruit provides all these beneficial parts, including the fiber, making it the healthiest option. The whole fruit offers a complete set of nutrients.
In simple words: I would prefer fresh fruit because it has no preservatives, more fiber, and all the vitamins, unlike canned or fresh juices.

🎯 Exam Tip: When comparing food choices, highlight the advantages of the preferred option, focusing on nutritional content, processing, and additives.

Question 8. Gourav got a fracture in his leg. His doctor aligned the bones and put on a plaster. The doctor also gave him calcium tablets. On the second visit, the doctor gave him Vitamin D syrup along with calcium tablets. Refer to Fig. 3.5 and answer the following questions :
(i) Why did the doctor give calcium tablets to Gourav?
(ii) On the second visit, why did the doctor give Vitamin D syrup along with calcium tablets?
(iii) What question arises in your mind about the choices made by the doctor in giving the medicines?
Answer:
(i) The doctor gave calcium tablets to Gourav because calcium is very important for keeping our bones strong and helping them heal. It is a key mineral for bone health.
(ii) The doctor gave Vitamin D syrup along with calcium tablets on the second visit because Vitamin D helps our body absorb calcium better. This helps the bones get the calcium they need to heal faster.
(iii) A question that might come to mind about the doctor's choices is: "Why did the doctor not give Vitamin D syrup right from the very first visit? Also, why didn't the doctor give both the calcium and Vitamin D tablets together at the first appointment?" These questions explore the timing of the medication. (Note: The question asks what question *arises* in your mind, so the answer is a question.)
In simple words: (i) Calcium helps bones heal. (ii) Vitamin D helps the body use calcium. (iii) Why wasn't Vitamin D given from the start with calcium?

🎯 Exam Tip: For scenario-based questions, explain the role of each nutrient clearly. When asked for a "question that arises," phrase your answer as an interrogative sentence.

Question 9. Sugar is an example of carbohydrates. Sugar is tested with iodine solution but it does not change to blue-black colour. What can be a possible reason?
Answer: The iodine solution turns blue-black when it reacts with starch, which is a type of complex carbohydrate. Sugar is also a carbohydrate, but it is a simple carbohydrate (a type of sugar, not starch). Because sugar does not contain starch, the iodine solution will not change to a blue-black color when tested with it. So, the reason is that iodine tests for starch, not all carbohydrates. This shows how different types of carbohydrates react differently.
In simple words: Sugar does not turn blue-black with iodine because iodine tests for starch, not for simple sugars.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly state that iodine solution is a specific test for *starch* and not for all carbohydrates. This distinction is key to a full answer.

Question 11. While using iodine in the laboratory, a few drops of iodine fell on Mishti's socks and a few fell on her teacher's saree. The drops of iodine on the saree turned blue- black while the colour on the socks did not change. What can be a possible reason?
Answer: The iodine solution changed to blue-black on the teacher's saree, which means the saree likely contains starch. Cotton cloth, commonly used for sarees, is made of cotton fibers, and sometimes starch is used in its making or washing. On the other hand, Mishti's socks did not change color, which suggests they are made of artificial fibers (like nylon or polyester) that do not contain starch. This difference in material composition explains the different reactions to iodine. This experiment clearly shows how fabric type affects chemical reactions.
In simple words: The saree turned blue-black because it had starch (maybe cotton), but the socks did not change color because they were made of artificial fibers without starch.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connect the color change (or lack thereof) directly to the presence or absence of starch and infer the material type of the fabrics based on this scientific principle.

Question 12. Why are millets considered a healthy choice of food? Can eating just millets suffice for the nutritional requirements of the body? Discuss.
Answer: Millets are seen as a healthy food choice because they provide many important nutrients that our body needs to work properly. They are rich in fiber, protein, vitamins, and minerals. However, eating only millets cannot give the body all the nutrients it requires. Our body needs a variety of foods, including other grains, pulses, fruits, and vegetables, to get all the different vitamins and minerals necessary for complete nutrition. A diverse diet ensures all nutritional gaps are filled.
In simple words: Millets are healthy and give many nutrients, but eating only millets is not enough; our body needs a variety of foods for full nutrition.

🎯 Exam Tip: While highlighting the benefits of millets, it's crucial to also mention the importance of a balanced and varied diet for complete nutritional needs.

RBSE Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Important Questions

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1. Eromba, utti and singju are traditional food of which state-
(a) Karnataka
(b) Manipur
(c) Assam
(d) West Bengal
Answer: (b) Manipur
In simple words: These foods like Eromba, utti, and singju are well-known traditional dishes from the state of Manipur.

🎯 Exam Tip: When learning about traditional foods, try to associate them with their specific regions or states to easily recall the information.

Question 2. A good source of fat is-
(a) Wheat
(b) Pineapple
(c) Almond
(d) Sweet Potato
Answer: (c) Almond
In simple words: Almonds are a type of nut that contains a good amount of healthy fats, which are important for our body's energy.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify different food groups and their primary nutrients. Nuts like almonds are good sources of healthy fats.

Question 3. Food mushroom is a food item rich in-
(a) Protein
(b) Carbohydrate
(c) Fats
(d) Water
Answer: (a) Protein
In simple words: Mushrooms are known to be a good source of protein, which is vital for building and repairing body tissues.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recognize that while most vegetables are known for vitamins and minerals, certain plant-based foods like mushrooms are also excellent sources of protein.

Question 5. Which of the following food items is the. main source of Vitamin B1?
(a) Mango, carrot, papaya
(b) Paneer, flax seed, rice
(c) Tomato, lemon, Amla
(d) Butter, egg, edible mushroom
Answer: (b) Paneer, flax seed, rice
In simple words: Paneer, flax seeds, and rice are foods that contain a good amount of Vitamin B1, which helps our body use energy.

🎯 Exam Tip: Link specific vitamins to their common food sources. Vitamin B1 is also known as Thiamine, important for energy metabolism.

Question 6. Protective nutrients are called-
(a) Protein
(b) Carbohydrate
(c) Fats
(d) Vitamin and minerals
Answer: (d) Vitamin and minerals
In simple words: Vitamins and minerals are called protective nutrients because they help keep our body safe from diseases and working well.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the three main categories of nutrients: energy-giving (carbohydrates, fats), body-building (proteins), and protective (vitamins, minerals).

Question 7. Starch is an example of-
(a) Fat
(b) Vitamin
(c) Carbohydrate
(d) Minerals
Answer: (c) Carbohydrate
In simple words: Starch is a type of carbohydrate, which is a main source of energy for our body.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that carbohydrates are broadly divided into simple sugars and complex carbohydrates like starch.

Question 8. Which of the following is not an example of junk food-
(a) Potato Chips
(b) Toffee
(c) Carbonated drinks
(d) Roasted gram
Answer: (d) Roasted gram
In simple words: Roasted gram is a healthy snack that provides protein and fiber, unlike potato chips, toffee, and fizzy drinks which are considered junk food.

🎯 Exam Tip: Be able to distinguish between nutritious foods and junk foods by considering their nutritional content and processing.

Question 10. Which vitamin is produced by our body in the presence of sunlight?
(a) Vitamin A
(b) Vitamin B1
(c) Vitamin C
(d) Vitamin D
Answer: (d) Vitamin D
In simple words: Our skin makes Vitamin D when it is exposed to sunlight, which is why it is often called the "sunshine vitamin."

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that Vitamin D is unique because our body can produce it, unlike most other vitamins which must be obtained from food.

Fill In The Blanks

Question 1. While cooking food, due to high temperature, nutrients like vitamin .................... get destroyed.
Answer: C
In simple words: Vitamin C is easily lost when food is cooked at high heat.

🎯 Exam Tip: Some vitamins, especially water-soluble ones like Vitamin C, are sensitive to heat and can be destroyed during cooking.

Question 2. Fiber (roughage) in our diet is mainly provided by .................... products.
Answer: plant
In simple words: Most of the fiber we eat comes from plants, like fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that fiber, or roughage, is found exclusively in plant-based foods, not in animal products.

Question 3. .................... is a source of stored energy.
Answer: fat
In simple words: Fat is a nutrient that helps our body store energy for a long time.

🎯 Exam Tip: Fats provide a concentrated form of energy and are crucial for many body functions, but should be consumed in moderation.

Question 4. All deficiency disease can be prevented by taking a .................... diet.
Answer: balanced
In simple words: Eating a balanced diet with all types of food helps stop diseases caused by not having enough nutrients.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize that a "balanced diet" means consuming appropriate quantities of all essential nutrients.

Question 5. Protein rich food help in the .................... and .................... of our body.
Answer: growth, repair
In simple words: Foods high in protein are important for helping our body grow and fix itself.

🎯 Exam Tip: Protein is a fundamental building block, essential for growth in children and for repairing tissues and muscles in adults.

Question 1. Glucose is an example of a protein. (True/False)
Answer: False
In simple words: Glucose is actually a sugar, which is a type of carbohydrate, not a protein.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly differentiate between the major food groups: carbohydrates (like glucose), proteins, and fats.

Question 2. Vitamins and minerals are also called protective nutrients. (True/False)
Answer: True
In simple words: Vitamins and minerals help protect our body from sickness, so they are called protective nutrients.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that vitamins and minerals are vital for immunity and overall health, even though they are needed in smaller amounts than carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

Question 3. Fruits and vegetables are rich in dietary fibres. (True/False)
Answer: True
In simple words: Fruits and vegetables contain a lot of fiber, which is good for digestion.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize the importance of fruits and vegetables as primary sources of dietary fiber and their role in digestive health.

Question 4. All people have the same nutritional requirements. (True/False)
Answer: False
In simple words: Everyone needs different amounts of nutrients based on their age, sex, and how active they are.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always consider individual factors like age, gender, activity level, and health status when thinking about nutritional needs, as these vary widely.

Match The Words Given In Column-I With Column-II

Question 1.

🎯 Exam Tip: Memorize the common deficiency diseases and their characteristic symptoms, as this is a frequently tested topic.

Question 2.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the primary function of each major nutrient group: carbohydrates for energy, proteins for growth and repair, vitamins for protection, and roughage for digestion.

Methods of cooking food are called culinary practices.

Question 2. How do you feel when you do not eat?
Answer: When we do not eat for some time, we start to feel tired and have less energy. Our body needs food to get the fuel it needs to work. Skipping meals can make us feel weak and unable to concentrate. Eating regularly helps maintain a steady energy level throughout the day.
In simple words: When we don't eat, we feel tired and have less energy.

🎯 Exam Tip: Relate the feeling of tiredness to the body's need for energy, which comes from food.

Question 3. Why does a marathon runner drink glucose-rich water during and after the race?
Answer: A marathon runner drinks water with lots of glucose during and after a race because glucose gives the body quick energy. Running a marathon uses up a lot of energy, and glucose helps to replace this energy very fast. This helps the runner to keep going and recover quicker. It is a direct and efficient energy source.
In simple words: Marathon runners drink glucose water for quick energy during and after the race because their bodies use a lot of energy.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight that glucose is a simple sugar, which means it can be absorbed and used by the body for energy almost immediately.

Question 4. Why are laddoos eaten as a traditional diet in winters?
Answer: Laddoos are a popular traditional food in winters because they are full of ghee and sugar. These ingredients provide a lot of energy and help to keep our body warm during the cold months. Ghee and sugar are energy-dense ingredients that give a feeling of warmth. Many laddoos also contain dry fruits and nuts which add more warmth and nutrients.
In simple words: Laddoos are eaten in winter because they are rich in ghee and sugar, which provide energy and help keep the body warm.

🎯 Exam Tip: Link the high-calorie content of laddoos to their traditional use for warmth and energy, especially in colder climates.

Question 5. What is called 'energy-giving food'?
Answer: Foods that give us energy to do different activities are called 'energy-giving food.' Carbohydrates and fats are the main nutrients that provide this energy. They act as fuel for our body, helping us move, think, and carry out all our daily tasks. Rice, bread, potatoes, and butter are common examples of energy-giving foods.
In simple words: Foods rich in carbohydrates and fats are called 'energy-giving foods' because they provide the fuel our body needs.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that carbohydrates are the body's primary and quickest source of energy, while fats provide a more concentrated and long-lasting energy reserve.

Question 6. What are 'edible mushrooms'?
Answer: 'Edible mushrooms' are types of fungi that are safe for humans to eat. They are often grown in dark and moist places. Many edible mushrooms are a good source of protein, vitamins, and minerals, making them a nutritious addition to meals. They also add unique flavors and textures to food. It's important to only consume mushrooms that are known to be safe.
In simple words: Edible mushrooms are types of fungi that are safe to eat, grow in dark, moist places, and are rich in protein.

🎯 Exam Tip: Note that while mushrooms are technically fungi, in nutrition, they are often grouped with vegetables due to their culinary use and nutrient profile.

Question 7. How are lemons and oranges helpful in the treatment of scurvy?
Answer: Lemons and oranges are very helpful in treating scurvy because they are excellent sources of Vitamin C. Scurvy is a disease caused by a lack of Vitamin C in the diet. Eating these citrus fruits regularly helps to provide the body with the necessary Vitamin C, which can cure the symptoms of scurvy like bleeding gums and weakness. Vitamin C is vital for healthy tissues and immunity.
In simple words: Lemons and oranges treat scurvy because they are full of Vitamin C, which is the nutrient missing when someone has scurvy.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that scurvy is specifically linked to Vitamin C deficiency, and citrus fruits are the most well-known natural remedy.

Question 9. What are called 'protective nutrients' and why?
Answer: Vitamins and minerals are called 'protective nutrients' because they play a crucial role in defending our body from various diseases and infections. They also help our body function properly and stay healthy. Without enough vitamins and minerals, our body's defense system becomes weak. These nutrients are needed in small amounts but are very powerful in protecting us.
In simple words: Vitamins and minerals are called protective nutrients because they shield our body from sickness and keep us healthy.

🎯 Exam Tip: List a few examples of vitamins and minerals to strengthen your answer about their protective role.

Question 10. Why do your parents advise you to eat milk, green vegetables, fruits and whole grains regularly?
Answer: Parents advise eating milk, green vegetables, fruits, and whole grains regularly because these foods are packed with essential vitamins and minerals. These nutrients are crucial for protecting our bodies from diseases and helping us stay strong and healthy. They provide a wide range of benefits, from boosting immunity to supporting bone health and digestion. A varied diet with these items ensures comprehensive protection.
In simple words: Parents tell us to eat these foods often because they have vitamins and minerals that protect us from getting sick and keep us healthy.

🎯 Exam Tip: Link each food group (milk, vegetables, fruits, grains) to the general benefits of vitamins and minerals, emphasizing the importance of a diverse diet.

Question 11. Where do we get dietary fibres (Roughage) in our diet?
Answer: We primarily get dietary fibers, also known as roughage, from plant-based foods in our diet. These include fruits (like apples and pears), vegetables (like carrots and broccoli), whole grains (like oats and brown rice), pulses (like lentils and beans), and nuts. Roughage is the indigestible part of plant foods that helps in digestion and keeps our digestive system clean. Animal products do not contain roughage.
In simple words: We get dietary fibers from plants, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, pulses, and nuts.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that roughage is not digested by our body but is essential for bowel health and preventing constipation.

Question 12. Why should we eat locally grown and plant-based foods?
Answer: We should eat locally grown and plant-based foods for several good reasons. Firstly, it keeps our body healthy by providing fresh, seasonal nutrients. Secondly, it helps our environment because less energy is used for transport, reducing pollution. Lastly, it supports local farmers and helps the community economy. These choices benefit our health, our planet, and our local economy. Choosing local also means food is often fresher and tastes better.
In simple words: Eating local, plant-based foods is good for our health, helps the environment by reducing pollution, and supports local farmers.

🎯 Exam Tip: When discussing the benefits of local and plant-based foods, consider both personal health advantages and broader environmental and economic impacts.

Question 13. Are the nutritional requirements of all people the same?
Answer: No, the nutritional requirements are not the same for all people. The amount and type of nutrients a person needs can change depending on many factors. These factors include their age (a child needs different nutrients than an adult), their sex, how much physical activity they do (an athlete needs more energy), their current health status, and their overall lifestyle. Every person is unique, and their diet should reflect that. For example, a pregnant woman will have specific nutritional needs.
In simple words: No, everyone needs different amounts of nutrients based on their age, sex, activity, health, and lifestyle.

🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining why nutritional needs differ, always provide specific examples for clarity, such as age or activity level.

Question 14. What is a 'balanced diet'?
Answer: A 'balanced diet' is a diet that provides all the necessary nutrients in the right amounts for our body to function well. This includes proper quantities of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals, along with enough roughage (fiber) and water. Eating a balanced diet ensures that our body gets everything it needs to grow, stay healthy, and prevent diseases. It helps us maintain good health and energy.
In simple words: A balanced diet gives our body all the right nutrients, like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals, plus fiber and water, in correct amounts.

🎯 Exam Tip: When defining a balanced diet, list the key nutrient groups and mention the importance of both quantity and variety.

Question 16. What is millet?
Answer: Millets are a group of small-seeded grasses that are grown as grain crops around the world. They are highly nutritious grains, including types like jowar (sorghum), bajra (pearl millet), ragi (finger millet), and sanwa. Millets are known for being rich in fiber, protein, and various minerals, making them a healthy and sustainable food choice. They are often called "nutri-cereals" due to their high nutritional value. These grains are well-adapted to different climates.
In simple words: Millets are small, healthy grains like jowar, bajra, and ragi, known for being very nutritious.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on millets as a group of nutritious grains and try to name one or two specific types to show understanding.

Question 17. Why are millets called 'nutri-cereals'?
Answer: Millets are called 'nutri-cereals' because they are packed with a lot of nutrients. They are excellent sources of vitamins, various minerals like iron and calcium, and dietary fibers. This rich nutritional profile makes them very beneficial for health, providing more than just basic energy. The term 'nutri-cereals' highlights their superior health benefits compared to other grains. They contribute significantly to overall well-being.
In simple words: Millets are called 'nutri-cereals' because they are full of vitamins, minerals like iron and calcium, and fiber, making them very nutritious.

🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining the term "nutri-cereals," list the specific nutrients (vitamins, minerals, fiber) that make millets so beneficial.

Question 18. What is food mile?
Answer: A 'food mile' is the total distance that a food item travels from where it is grown or produced to where it is sold and consumed by a person. For example, it measures the journey of a bag of wheat from the farm to the store. Reducing food miles is important for lowering carbon emissions from transportation and supporting local economies. It helps us understand the environmental impact of our food choices.
In simple words: Food mile is the total distance food travels from where it is made to where we eat it.

🎯 Exam Tip: Define food miles clearly and briefly explain why understanding them is important (e.g., environmental impact, local economy).

Question 19. What relationship do you find between the traditional foods of a state and the crops grown locally?
Answer: There is a strong connection between the traditional foods of a state and the crops that are grown locally in that area. Historically, people have always used what was readily available around them to prepare their meals. Therefore, the traditional dishes of any state are largely based on the local crops grown there. This also ensures that the food is fresh and well-suited to the local climate. This practice highlights efficient use of resources.
In simple words: Traditional foods in a state are usually made from crops that are grown nearby because people have always used what is available.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize the historical and practical reasons why local crops dictate traditional food patterns, focusing on availability and adaptation.

Question 20. The Apatani tribe of Arunachal Pradesh is famous for what?
Answer: The Apatani tribe of Arunachal Pradesh is known for a special way of producing salt. They are famous for making a unique salt called 'tapyo' to meet their dietary needs. This traditional method shows their resourcefulness and deep connection to their local environment. They have developed a sustainable way to get an essential mineral.
In simple words: The Apatani tribe of Arunachal Pradesh is known for making their own special salt called 'tapyo'.

🎯 Exam Tip: When answering about specific tribes or regions, remember unique cultural practices or produce associated with them.

Crops Grown Locally In Three States Of India And The Traditional Food Items Made From Them-

Question 2. How does a polar bear survive without eating during hibernation?
Answer: A polar bear can survive for a long time without eating during hibernation because it stores a large amount of fat under its skin before winter. This stored fat acts as an energy source, providing the bear with all the fuel it needs while it sleeps through the cold months. The fat keeps them warm and nourished when food is scarce. This efficient energy storage is crucial for their survival in harsh environments.
In simple words: A polar bear lives without eating during winter sleep (hibernation) by using the large amount of fat stored under its skin for energy.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the concept of fat as an energy reserve, especially important for animals that hibernate or live in cold climates.

Question 3. What is meant by 'nutrients'? Write the names of major nutrients.
Answer: 'Nutrients' are the essential parts of food that our body uses to get energy, grow, repair itself, stay healthy, and carry out all its daily functions. They are vital for life. The major nutrients found in our food include carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals. Each nutrient plays a specific and important role in keeping us alive and well. Water is also an essential nutrient.
In simple words: Nutrients are important parts of food that give us energy, help us grow, fix our body, and keep us healthy. The main ones are carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly define nutrients by their overall purpose and then list the five major categories without missing any. Mentioning water as an essential component is also good.

Question 4. Dietary fibers do not provide any nutrients to our body, then why should it be an essential component of our diet?
Answer: Even though dietary fibers (also called roughage) do not give us energy or nutrients, they are a very important part of our diet. They act like a broom for our digestive system. Fibers help our body get rid of undigested food and ensure that waste passes smoothly out of the body. This prevents problems like constipation and keeps our gut healthy. Therefore, they are essential for proper digestion and overall well-being. A diet rich in fiber contributes to a healthy digestive system.
In simple words: Dietary fibers are important because they help our body digest food, remove waste, and prevent constipation, even though they don't provide nutrients.

🎯 Exam Tip: The key point is to explain the *function* of dietary fiber in digestion, even without caloric or nutrient value, to justify its essential role.

Question 6. Write short note on-
(i) Body building food
(ii) Energy giving food
(iii) Protective nutrients.
Answer:
(i) Foods rich in protein help our body grow and fix itself. So, we call them body-building foods. Proteins are essential for muscle development.
(ii) Foods with carbohydrates and fats give us power to do many things. That is why they are called energy-giving foods. These foods act like fuel for our daily tasks.
(iii) Vitamins and minerals are called protective nutrients because they keep our body safe from sickness and help us stay healthy. They build a strong shield for our health.
In simple words: Body-building foods (like protein) help us grow and repair. Energy-giving foods (like carbs and fats) provide power. Protective nutrients (like vitamins and minerals) guard against sickness.

🎯 Exam Tip: When writing short notes, always define the term and briefly explain its function and importance, often with an example.

Question 7. What do you understand by fortification? Give examples.
Answer: Fortification means adding extra nutrients to food while it is being made, to make it healthier. For example, salt with added iodine or some baby foods with extra vitamins are fortified foods. This method helps people get enough important nutrients even if their regular diet is lacking.
In simple words: Fortification is when we add more good nutrients to food during making it. Iodized salt is a good example of this.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that fortification aims to improve public health by addressing common nutrient deficiencies in the population.

Question 8. What difference do you notice between raw and cooked vegetables?
Answer: When vegetables are cooked, they might lose their bright color, become soft, and not be crunchy anymore. Also, some good things like vitamins can be lost because of the high heat during cooking. Eating raw vegetables often helps to keep more of their natural goodness.
In simple words: Cooked vegetables can lose their color and crunch, and some vitamins might be lost due to heat, which doesn't happen with raw vegetables.

🎯 Exam Tip: Briefly explain two to three key changes that cooking causes, focusing on both physical properties and nutrient content.

Question 9. Why do athletes need more protein?
Answer: Athletes need more protein because protein helps our bodies grow and repair themselves. It is especially important for them to build and strengthen their muscles. Strong muscles are key for athletes to perform well and recover quickly after exercise.
In simple words: Athletes need more protein to help their muscles grow stronger and repair faster after training or games.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the two main functions of protein-growth and repair-and connect them to an athlete's physical demands.

Question 10. In the 1960s, human population in the Himalayan region of India and the northern plains of India suffered from swelling in the front part of the neck. What was the reason for this and what efforts were made for its treatment?
Answer: In the 1960s, people living in the Himalayan areas and northern plains of India had swollen necks. This was a sign of a disease called goiter. It happened because the soil in those areas did not have much iodine, so people were not getting enough iodine from their food. To solve this problem, iodized salt was given to people. This helped them get enough iodine, and fewer people suffered from goiter. Iodine is a very important nutrient needed for the thyroid gland to work properly.
In simple words: People in the Himalayas had swollen necks because their food lacked iodine. Iodized salt was given to them to fix this problem.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly state the disease, its cause (iodine deficiency due to soil), and the solution (iodized salt) to score full marks.

Question 1. Mention the main minerals present in food, their functions, food sources and the diseases or disorders caused by their deficiency and their symptoms.
Answer: Here are the main minerals in food, what they do, where we get them, and problems caused if we don't get enough. Our body needs these small amounts of minerals every day to stay strong and healthy.