RBSE Solutions Class 12 Sanskrit Chapter 13 सङ्घ शक्तिः

RBSE Class 12 Sanskrit विजेत्री Chapter 13 वस्तुनिष्ठप्रश्नाः

Question 1. 'सङ्घ शक्तिः पाठः सङ्कलितोऽस्ति
(क) यात्राविलासात्।
(ख) प्रबन्धमकरन्दात्
(ग) प्रबन्धामृतात्।
(घ) शास्त्रसर्वस्वात्
Answer: (ख) प्रबन्धमकरन्दात्
In simple words: The lesson 'Sangh Shakti' (Power of Union) is taken from a collection called 'Prabandh Makrand'. This book is a source of various literary works.

🎯 Exam Tip: When identifying the source of a text, look for key terms or names mentioned in the chapter introduction or author's notes.

Question 2. 'सङ्घ शक्तिः कलौयगे' इति कथितम्
Answer: 'सङ्घ शक्तिः कलौयगे' इति वाक्यं पाठे कथितम्। एतत् वाक्यं सङ्घटनस्य महत्त्वं दर्शयति। कलियुगे सङ्घटने एव वास्तविकं बलम् अस्ति।
In simple words: The phrase 'Sangh Shakti in Kaliyuga' means that in today's age, the power of unity is most important. It emphasizes that being united is the true strength.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember to translate the core meaning of the phrase correctly and explain its significance within the context of the chapter.

Question 3. 'सङ्घटनद्वारा किं न भवति'? अत्र सङ्घटनशब्दः कस्मिन् अर्थं प्रयुक्तोऽस्ति
(क) सामूहिक-शक्तिः
(ख) सैन्यशक्तिः
(ग) मनवचनकर्मभिः एकीभूता जनानां शक्तिः
(घ) सामाजिकशक्तिः
Answer: (ग) मनवचनकर्मभिः एकीभूता जनानां शक्तिः
In simple words: The word 'Sanghatan' (organization/unity) here means the power of people who are united in their thoughts, words, and actions. It refers to a deep and complete form of unity.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to the specific context given in the question (मनवचनकर्मभिः) to choose the most accurate definition for 'Sanghatan'.

Question 4. रिक्तस्थानपूर्तिः क्रियताम्
(क) माताऽपि तनयं रोदनं विना न ............ पाययति।
(ख) तद् बलं साम्प्रतं ............ एव निवसति ।
(ग) नान्यः ............ विद्यतेऽयनाय।
(घ) वस्तुतः ............ एव शक्तिनिवासः।
Answer:
(क) स्तन्यम्
(ख) सङ्घ
(ग) पन्थाः
(घ) सटने
In simple words: To fill in the blanks, we use specific words from the lesson that fit the context of each sentence. These words complete the meaning and convey the author's message about unity and strength.

🎯 Exam Tip: For fill-in-the-blanks, always recall the original text or lesson content to ensure you use the exact word that fits grammatically and contextually.

RBSE Class 12 Sanskrit विजेत्री Chapter 13 अतिलघूत्तरात्मक-प्रश्नाः

Question 1. स्वभावतः एव मानवाः किं कामयन्ते?
Answer: स्वभावतः एव मानवाः सर्वत्र विजयम् कामयन्ते। मानवः सदा सर्वत्र सफलतां प्राप्तुम् इच्छति।
In simple words: Naturally, humans always wish for victory everywhere. People always want to achieve success in all their endeavors.

🎯 Exam Tip: For short answer questions, directly state the main point mentioned in the text without adding extra information.

Question 2. शक्तेः स्थानं कुत्र?
Answer: शक्तेः स्थानं सङ्घटने अस्ति। एकतायां एव बलम् अस्ति।
In simple words: The place of power is in unity. True strength lies in being organized and together.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question highlights the central theme of the chapter, so ensure the answer directly refers to 'Sanghatan' or unity.

Question 4. कलौ युगे शक्तिस्वरूपं कीदृशम्?
Answer: कलौ युगे शक्तिस्वरूपं सङ्घ शक्तिः अस्ति। वर्तमानकाले सङ्घटनम् एव परमो बलम्।
In simple words: In the Kaliyuga, the form of power is the power of unity. In the present time, being united is the greatest strength.

🎯 Exam Tip: Relate the answer directly to the concept of 'Sangh Shakti' and its significance in the modern era.

RBSE Class 12 Sanskrit विजेत्री Chapter 13 लघूत्तरात्मक-प्रश्नाः

Question 1. पं. नवलकिशोरकाङ्करस्य परिचयं लिखत?
Answer: पं. नवलकिशोरकाङ्करस्य जन्म 1910 तमे ईस्वीये वर्षे जयपुरे अभवत्। शिक्षां गृहीतवता नवलकिशोरेण स्वकीयप्रतिभाबलाद् गद्य-पद्यरचनायां प्रावीण्यमधिगतम्। शास्त्रसर्वस्वम्, प्रबन्धामृतम्, प्रबन्धमकरन्दश्च इत्यादयः निबन्धसंग्रहाः संस्कृतसेविसमाजे सुतरां समादरणीयाः सन्ति। कविभूषणः, कविशिरोमणिः, विद्यावाचस्पतिः, महामहिमोपाध्यायः, गद्यसम्राट्-शास्त्रमार्तण्डेत्यादिभिरुपाधिभिरेते व्यूभूष्यन्त। 1985 ई. वर्षे भारत-राष्ट्रपतिना सम्मानिताः इमे। एते हि राष्ट्रीय-भावनानां प्रबलाः पोषकाः आसन्। ते राष्ट्रभक्तिं प्राचारे।
In simple words: Pt. Navalkishore Kankar was born in Jaipur in 1910. He became skilled in writing both prose and poetry through his talent. His essay collections like 'Shastrasarvasvam' and 'Prabandhamakaranda' are highly respected in Sanskrit society. He received many titles like 'Kavibhushan' and 'Gadyasamrat'. In 1985, he was honored by the President of India. He was a strong supporter of nationalistic feelings.

🎯 Exam Tip: When writing a biography, include key dates, achievements, and contributions, focusing on their significance as an author and scholar.

Question 2. कः मानवः शत्रु जेतुं न पारयति?
Answer: शक्तिशून्यो मानवः शत्रु जेतुं न पारयति। यः दुर्बलः अस्ति, सः शत्रून् पराजितुं न शक्नोति।
In simple words: A powerless person cannot defeat an enemy. Someone who is weak cannot overcome adversaries.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question emphasizes the importance of strength, which in the context of the lesson, is derived from unity.

Question 3. अस्माकं दुर्दशानिदानं कथं भवेत्?
Answer: यदा वयं रागद्वेषादिकं विहाय संघटनस्य महत्त्वं सम्यगभिनन्दिष्यामः तदैव अस्माकं दुर्दशानिदानं भवेत्। एकतायाम् एव सर्वं समाधानम् अस्ति।
In simple words: Our misfortune will end when we abandon hatred and truly understand the importance of unity. All solutions lie in unity.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the solution provided in the text: overcoming negative emotions and embracing unity to end misfortune.

अधोलिखितवाक्येषु रेखाङ्कितान् पदान् आश्रित्य प्रश्ननिर्माणं कुरुत

Question. (क) मानवाः सर्वत्र विजयं कामयन्ते। प्रश्नः
Answer: के सर्वत्र विजयं कामयन्ते?
In simple words: If the original sentence is "Humans desire victory everywhere," the question asking "Who desires victory everywhere?" would be "के सर्वत्र विजयं कामयन्ते?".

🎯 Exam Tip: To form a question based on an underlined word, replace the underlined word with an appropriate interrogative pronoun (e.g., 'के' for 'मानवाः').

Question. (ख) शक्तिशून्यो मानवः स्वप्नेऽपि शत्रु जेतुं न पारयति। प्रश्नः
Answer: शक्तिशून्यो मानवः स्वप्नेऽपि कम् जेतुं न पारयति?
In simple words: If the original sentence is "A powerless person cannot defeat an enemy even in dreams," the question asking "What can a powerless person not defeat even in dreams?" would be "शक्तिशून्यो मानवः स्वप्नेऽपि कम् जेतुं न पारयति?".

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify the object of the verb that is to be questioned and replace it with the correct interrogative word (e.g., 'कम्' for 'शत्रु').

Question 4. कुत्र एव शक्ति निवासः?
Answer: सङ्घटने एव शक्ति निवासः। एकतायाम् एव बलम् अस्ति।
In simple words: Power resides in unity. Strength is found only where there is togetherness.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question probes the core message about the location of power. A concise answer pointing to 'Sanghatan' is essential.

RBSE Class 12 Sanskrit विजेत्री Chapter 13 निबन्धात्मक-प्रश्नाः

Question 1. 'सङ्गटनस्य महत्त्वं' सविस्तरं लिखत?
Answer: पाठेऽस्मिन् संगठनशक्तेः माहात्म्यं वर्णितमस्ति। धनधान्यसुसम्पन्नं स्वर्णरत्नमयाकरं राष्ट्रम् अपि सुसंहतिं विना विभवास्पदं न भवेद्। सुसङ्घ‌टितजीवनम् एव राष्ट्रभावस्य कारणं भवति। लोके लोकसङ्घटनम् आततायिनां परिध्वंसने सुदर्शनचक्रवत् नूनम् आयुधमैश्वरम्। ईशोपनिषदि अपि कथ्यते-'सम्भूत्याम् अमृतमश्नुते' अर्थात् संगठनेनैव अमृततत्त्वस्य प्राप्तिर्भवति। संगठनस्य महत्त्वस्य प्रतिपादनं कृत्वा डॉ. श्रीधर-भास्कर-वर्णेकरः कथयति-
अपारभूमिविस्तारमगण्यजनसंकुलम्।
राष्टं सङ्घटनाहीनं प्रभवेन्नात्मरक्षणे।
विपत्सु वज्रधैर्याणां संग्रामेवज्रदेहिनाम्।
सङ्गो राष्ट्रविपत्काले सद्वज्रकवचायते।
नारायणपण्डितः हितोपदेशे कथ्यते-
अल्पानामपिवस्तूनां संहतिः कार्यसाधिका।
तृणैर्गुणत्वमापन्नैः बध्यन्ते मत्तदन्तिनः।
सर्वत्र एकतायाः महत्त्वं विद्यते।
In simple words: This lesson describes the importance of organized power. Even a rich nation, full of wealth, cannot be prosperous without strong unity. A well-organized life leads to national spirit. In the world, public unity is a divine weapon for destroying enemies, like the Sudarshan Chakra. The Isha Upanishad also states that immortality is achieved only through organization. Dr. Shridhar Bhaskar Varnekar emphasizes this, saying that a vast nation with many people cannot protect itself without unity. In times of national disaster, unity acts like a strong shield. Narayan Pandit also says in Hitopadesha that even small things, when united, can achieve great tasks, like a rope made of straws can bind a mad elephant. Unity is important everywhere.

🎯 Exam Tip: For an essay on the importance of unity, include definitions, scriptural references, and examples from authoritative texts to provide a comprehensive answer.

Question 2. 'सङ्घ शक्तिः कलौयुगे' अस्य कथनस्य आशयं लिखत।
Answer: पुरातनकाले कृतयुगे या शक्तिः मन्त्रप्रयोगे आसीत्, त्रेतायां या तन्त्रसाधने आसीत् द्वापरे च या व्यूहरचने आसीत्, सा हि शक्तिः कलौ सङ्घः सङ्घीभूता। अतः साधूच्यते "सङ्घ शक्तिः कलौ युगे"-अर्थात् वर्तमानकाले एकतायामेव शक्तिः वर्तते। अद्य जातिः, व्यक्तिः, सामाजिकस्थितिः सम्पूर्णदशः वा संघटनादेव स्वसत्तां बिभर्ति। अस्मिन् कलिकाले संघटनेनैव दुष्करं कार्यमपि सुकरं जायते। एकतायाः बलम् अतीव महत्त्वपूर्णम् अस्ति।
In simple words: The meaning of 'Sangh Shakti in Kaliyuga' is that the power which existed in the Krita Yuga through mantras, in Treta Yuga through tantra, and in Dwapara Yuga through military formations, that same power is now found in unity in the Kaliyuga. So, it is rightly said that in the present age, power lies only in unity. Today, every caste, individual, and social status maintains its existence through organization. In this Kaliyuga, even difficult tasks become easy through unity. The strength of unity is very important.

🎯 Exam Tip: To explain this statement, trace the evolution of power through different ages (yugas) and conclude with how unity is the ultimate power in the current era, providing modern-day examples.

Question 3. अस्मात् पाठात् को शिक्षा मिलति? इति सविस्तारं लिखत।
Answer: अस्मात् पाठात् सङ्घटनस्य महत्त्वस्य शिक्षा मिलति। अस्य पाठस्य मुख्यं सन्देशम् अस्ति यत् एकतायां एव बलम् अस्ति। यदा जनाः संगठिताः भवन्ति, तदा ते सर्वेषां कार्याणां सिद्धौ समर्थाः भवन्ति। व्यक्तिगतं बलम् अल्पं भवति, परन्तु सामूहिकं बलम् महान् भवति। सङ्घटनं राष्ट्राय, समाजे च अतीव आवश्यकम् अस्ति। सङ्घटनेन एव कोऽपि समाजः, देशः वा उन्नतिं प्राप्तुं शक्नोति। दुष्कराणि कार्याणि अपि संघटनेन सुकराणि भवन्ति। अतः अस्माभिः सदैव संगठितैः भवितव्यम्। एकतायाः महती शक्तिः अस्ति।
In simple words: From this lesson, we learn the importance of unity. The main message is that there is strength in unity. When people are organized, they can achieve all tasks. Individual strength is small, but collective strength is great. Unity is very necessary for the nation and society. Any society or country can progress only through organization. Even difficult tasks become easy with unity. Therefore, we should always remain united. Unity has great power.

🎯 Exam Tip: When discussing the lesson's moral, clearly state the central teaching (unity) and elaborate on its benefits for individuals, society, and the nation, drawing examples from the text.

RBSE Class 12 Sanskrit विजेत्री Chapter 13 व्याकरणात्मक-प्रश्नाः

Question 1. अधोलिखितपदानां सन्धिविच्छेदं कृत्वा नामपि लेख्यम्

Answer: The table above shows the breakdown of the given words into their component parts (संधि विच्छेद) and identifies the type of Sandhi (संधिनाम) involved. This helps in understanding how words combine in Sanskrit grammar.
In simple words: This table breaks down Sanskrit words to show how they are formed from smaller parts and names the grammar rule (Sandhi) used for joining them.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the rules for different types of Sandhi (Vridhi, Purvarup, Dirgha, Satva) to accurately break down words and identify the Sandhi name.

Question 2. अधोलिखितेषु समस्तपदेषु नामनिर्देशपूर्वक समासविग्रहो विधेयः

Answer: The table above provides the compound words (समस्तपदम्), their expanded forms (विग्रहः), and the type of compound (समासः). This helps in understanding the structure and meaning of complex Sanskrit words. Each entry demonstrates how two or more words combine to form a single meaningful unit.
In simple words: This table explains how compound words (like 'भूतैराविष्टाः') are made and what kind of grammar rule (Samas) is used. It helps understand how many words join together to make one new word.

🎯 Exam Tip: For Samas Vigrah, correctly identify the relationship between the words in the compound to determine the correct case ending for the expanded form and the specific type of Samas.

Question 3. अधोलिखितपदानां विभक्तिः वचनञ्च लिख्यताम्

Answer: The table above lists various Sanskrit words (पदम्) and identifies their grammatical case (विभक्तिः) and number (वचनम्). This helps in understanding the role of each word in a sentence and ensures correct grammatical usage. Knowing these forms is essential for accurate translation and composition in Sanskrit.
In simple words: This table tells us the case (like subject, object, etc.) and number (singular, plural) for each Sanskrit word. It helps us understand how words work in sentences.

🎯 Exam Tip: Practice declensions (शब्दरूप) regularly to quickly identify the Vibhakti and Vachan of any given noun or pronoun.

Question 5. अधोनिर्दिष्टान् पदान् आश्रित्य वाक्यानि रचयत

Answer: The table provides example sentences (वाक्यम्) using the given words (पदम्). This demonstrates how each word can be used correctly in a complete sentence, helping to improve practical Sanskrit communication. Forming sentences with new words is an important skill.
In simple words: This table shows how to use each Sanskrit word correctly in a sentence. It helps us practice making our own sentences.

🎯 Exam Tip: When forming sentences, ensure grammatical correctness, appropriate word order, and that the sentence clearly conveys a meaningful idea using the given word.

Question 6. निम्नलिखितवाक्यानां वाच्यपरिवर्तनं कुरुत
(क) मानवाः सर्वत्र विजयं कामयन्ते।
(ख) बलं साम्प्रतं सल्ले एव निवसति।
(ग) शक्तिद्वारैव सर्वं कर्तुं शक्यते।
(घ) जनः युद्धे विजयं लप्स्यते।
Answer:
(क) मानवैः सर्वत्र विजयः काम्यते।
(ख) बलः साम्प्रतं सङ्घ एव निवस्यते।
(ग) शक्तिद्वारैव सर्वं कर्तुं शक्नोति ।
(घ) जनेन युद्धे विजयः लप्स्यते।
In simple words: The sentences have been changed from active voice to passive voice, or vice versa, according to Sanskrit grammar rules. This involves altering the verb form and the case of the subject and object.

🎯 Exam Tip: To perform voice transformation (वाच्यपरिवर्तनम्) correctly, identify the verb, its root, and the subject and object, then apply the appropriate grammatical rules for the new voice.

RBSE Class 12 Sanskrit विजेत्री Chapter 13 अन्य महत्त्वपूर्ण प्रश्नोत्तर

शब्दार्थाः

Question 1. अधोलिखितशब्दानाम् हिन्द्याम् अर्थं लिखत

Answer: The table above provides the Sanskrit words along with their corresponding meanings in Hindi. This helps in building vocabulary and understanding the Sanskrit text more easily. Knowing the meanings of these words is crucial for comprehension.
In simple words: This table shows Sanskrit words and what they mean in Hindi. It helps you learn new words to understand the Sanskrit lesson.

🎯 Exam Tip: Memorize the meanings of difficult Sanskrit words to enhance your understanding and translation skills. Regular revision of vocabulary is helpful.

प्रश्ननिर्माणम्

Question 2. रेखांङ्कितपदानि आधृत्य प्रश्ननिर्माणं कुरुत
1. स्वभावतः एव मानवाः विजयं कामयन्ते।
2. प्रयत्नं विना साफल्यं न लभते।
3. शक्तिद्वारैव सर्वं कर्तुं शक्यते।
4. माताऽपि तनयं रोदनं विना न स्तन्यं पाययति।
5. शक्तिशून्यः मानवः शत्रु जेतुं न पारयति।
6. शक्तिपदेन बलमेव गृह्यते लोके।
7. बलं साम्प्रतं सझे एव निवसति।
8. यत्र संघटनं तत्र सर्वसम्पत्तिः भवति।
9. वयं स्वदेशस्य दयनीय दशां न पश्यामः।
10. वयं संघटनात्मक बुद्धिं दूरतस्त्यजामः।
11. संघटनशक्त्या दुष्करं कर्म सुकरं जायते।
12. वयम् अकर्मण्याः भूत्वा तिष्ठामः।
13. लोकाः असम्भवं कार्य सम्भवं कुर्वन्ति।
Answer:
1. स्वभावतः एव मानवाः किम् कामयन्ते?
2. कम् विना साफल्यं न लभते?
9. वयं कस्य दयनीय दशां न पश्यामः?
10. वयं कीदृशीं बुद्धिं दूरतस्त्यजामः?
11. कया दुष्करं कर्म सुकरं जायते?
12. वयम् कीदृशाः भूत्वा तिष्ठामः?
13. लोकाः कीदृशं कार्यं सम्भवं कुर्वन्ति?
In simple words: The task is to create questions based on the given sentences by replacing specific words with interrogative pronouns. For example, if a sentence talks about "what" people desire, the question asks "what" they desire.

🎯 Exam Tip: To form questions, identify the underlined word or phrase and replace it with the appropriate interrogative pronoun (e.g., किम्, कम्, कस्य, कीदृशीं, कया, कीदृशाः) that matches its gender, number, and case.

भावार्थलेखनम्

Question 3. अधोलिखितानां वाक्यांशानां हिन्दीभाषया भावार्थं लिखत
(i) यत्र संघटनं तत्र सर्वसम्पत्तिः
(ii) वयं भूताविष्टा इव व्यर्थकोलाहलमाचरामः।
(iii) सङ्घ शक्तिः कलौयुगे।
Answer:
(i) यत्र संघटनं तत्र सर्वसम्पत्तिः।
भावार्थ- प्रस्तुत वाक्य 'सङ्घः शक्तिः' शीर्षक पाठ से उद्धृत है। मूलतः यह पाठ पं. नवलकिशोर कांकर द्वारा रचित 'प्रबन्धमकरन्द' नामक ग्रन्थ से संकलित है। इसमें संगठन के महत्त्व का वर्णन किया गया है। प्रस्तुत वाक्य का भाव यह है कि जहाँ संगठन होता है, वहां सभी सम्पत्तियाँ होती हैं, किन्तु जहाँ संगठन का अभाव है। वहाँ विपत्तियाँ होती हैं। वस्तुतः संगठन में ही शक्ति का निवास है। शक्ति के द्वारा ही मनुष्य सब कुछ कर सकता है। जो देश, समाज या जाति जितना शक्तिसम्पन्न होता है, वह उतना ही उन्नति को प्राप्त करता है। संगठन के बल से मनुष्य असम्भव कार्य को भी सम्भव कर देता है। अतः संगठन के बल से सभी सम्पत्तियाँ मानव प्राप्त कर लेता है। एकता ही विकास का मार्ग है।
(ii) वयं भूताविष्टा इव व्यर्थकोलाहलमाचरामः।
भावार्थ- 'सङ्घः शक्तिः' शीर्षक पाठ से उद्धृत प्रस्तुत पंक्ति का भाव यह है कि जिस प्रकार असत्यकारणरूप भूत-प्रेत से मनुष्य स्वयं को आक्रान्त मानकर व्यर्थ में ही अत्यधिक भयभीत रहता है, उसी प्रकार वर्तमान में हम अपने अतीत को भूलकर, परस्पर में विभाजित होकर तथा संगठन के महत्त्व को न जानकर अज्ञात कारण से व्यर्थ में ही पीड़ित होकर कोलाहल करते रहते हैं। यदि हम अपने पूर्वजों के संगठन के महत्त्व को जानकर सभी वैरभाव भूलकर तथा आपस में संगठित होकर रहेंगे तो निश्चय ही हमारे मन में किसी भी प्रकार का भय उत्पन्न नहीं होगा एवं उस संगठन के बल से सब कुछ सरलता से प्राप्त कर सकते हैं। एकता ही हमें सुरक्षित रखती है।
(iii) सङ्घ शक्तिः कलौयुगे।
भावार्थ- 'सङ्घः शक्तिः' शीर्षक पाठ से उद्धृत प्रस्तुत वाक्य का भाव है कि इस भयानक कलियुग में संगठन में ही शक्ति है, अर्थात् प्राचीनकाल में सतयुग में जो शक्ति मन्त्र-प्रयोग में थी, त्रेता युग में जो शक्ति तन्त्र-साधना में थी और द्वापर युग में जो शक्ति व्यूहरचना में थी, वही शक्ति कलियुग में संगठन में एकत्रित है। वस्तुतः संगठन में ही शक्ति का निवास है, तथा वर्तमान युग में जो जितना संगठित है, वह उतना ही शक्तिमान् है। शक्ति से मानव सब कुछ कर सकता है। प्राचीन काल से लेकर आज तक असंख्य उदाहरण है जिसमें संगठन की शक्ति को दर्शाया गया है। यह एकता ही हमें सफल बनाती है।
In simple words: This section explains the meaning of key Sanskrit phrases in Hindi. It elaborates on the importance of unity, how people cause unnecessary chaos, and that in today's age, unity is the ultimate power, drawing connections from ancient times to the present.

🎯 Exam Tip: When writing a 'भावार्थ' (meaning/interpretation), first explain the literal meaning, then elaborate on its deeper significance and context within the lesson. Ensure you provide examples or historical references if relevant.

Question. अधोलिखितवाक्येषु कर्तृपदं क्रियापदं च चित्वा लिखत
(i) मानवाः सर्वत्र विजयं कामयन्ते।
(ii) कश्चन प्रयत्नं विना साफल्यं न लभते।
(iii) माताऽपि तनयं रोदनं विना न स्तन्यं पाययति।
(iv) शक्तिशून्यः मानवः शत्रु जेतुं न पारयति।
(v) अस्माभिः शक्तिसंग्रहोऽवश्यं करणीयः।
(vi) सम्पूर्णदेशः संघटनादेव स्वसत्तां बिभर्ति।
(vii) वयं नैतन्महत्त्वं जानीमः।
(viii) पवित्रात्मान इव वयं न तो स्पृशामः।
(ix) अस्माकं देशः पूर्ववत् जगद्‌गुरुपदमलङ्करिष्यति।
(x) वयं तदैव समुन्नतपदं प्राप्स्यामः।
(xi) अस्माकं पूर्वजानां गौरवगाथाः सुवर्णाक्षरैरंकिताः सन्ति।
(xii) वयम् अकर्मण्या भूत्वा तिष्ठामः।
(xiii) लोकाः असम्भवमपि कार्यं सम्भवं कुर्वन्ति।

Answer: The table above correctly identifies the subject (कर्तृपदम्) and verb (क्रियापदम्) for each given Sanskrit sentence. This exercise is crucial for developing a strong understanding of Sanskrit sentence structure and for accurate parsing of texts. Each pair shows who performs the action and what action is performed.
In simple words: This table picks out the 'doer' (subject) and the 'action' (verb) from each sentence. It helps us understand which word does what in the sentence.

🎯 Exam Tip: To identify the Karta (subject), ask 'Who is doing the action?'. To identify the Kriya (verb), ask 'What action is being done?'. Match the number and person carefully.

(ख) विशेषणविशेष्यचयनम्

Question (i) 'शक्तिद्वारैव सर्वं कर्म कर्तुं शक्यते'-इत्यत्र विशेषणपदं किम्?
Answer: सर्वम्।
In simple words: In the given sentence, 'Sarvam' is the adjective because it describes or qualifies the noun 'karma' (work), indicating 'all' work.

🎯 Exam Tip: An adjective (विशेषणपदम्) describes a noun or pronoun (विशेष्यपदम्). Look for words that answer 'what kind?' or 'how much?'.

Question (iii) 'ज्वरादिग्रस्तो जनः युद्धे विजयं न लप्स्यते'-इत्यत्र विशेष्यपदं किम्?
Answer: जनः।
In simple words: In the sentence, 'Janah' (person) is the noun being described, making it the 'Visheshya' or the object of description. The adjective 'Jvaradigrastah' describes this person.

🎯 Exam Tip: A noun (विशेष्यपदम्) is the word being described, while the adjective (विशेषणपदम्) is the describing word. Identify the word that is being qualified.

Question (iv) अधोलिखितवाक्येषु विशेषण-विशेष्यपदयोः चयनं कुरुत

Answer: The table above correctly pairs the adjectives (विशेषणपदम्) with the nouns they describe (विशेष्यपदम्) from the given sentences. This skill is fundamental for analyzing Sanskrit sentence structure and understanding precise meanings. Each pair shows how a quality is attributed to a specific entity.
In simple words: This table matches words that describe (adjectives) with the words they are describing (nouns) from each sentence. It helps us see how qualities are linked to things.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that adjectives must agree with their nouns in gender, number, and case (लिङ्ग, वचन, विभक्ति). This agreement helps in correctly identifying the pairs.

(ग) सर्वनाम-संज्ञा-प्रयोगः

Question. अधोलिखितवाक्येषु रेखांङ्कित सर्वनामपदस्य स्थाने संज्ञापदस्य प्रयोगं कृत्वा वाक्यं पुनः लिखत
1. सः तावानेव समुन्नते; शिखरमारोहति।
2. कथं च सा लभ्या?
Answer:
1. शक्तिमान् तावानेव समुन्नतेः शिखरमारोहति।
2. कथं च शक्तिः लभ्या?
In simple words: The task was to replace the underlined pronouns with appropriate nouns in the sentences. This makes the sentences more specific by using names or actual things instead of 'he' or 'it'.

🎯 Exam Tip: When replacing a pronoun with a noun, ensure the noun is contextually appropriate and matches the original pronoun's gender, number, and case.

Question. अधोलिखितवाक्येषु सर्वनामपदचयनं कुरुत
1. सः समुन्नतेः शिखरमारोहति।
2. कथं च सा लभ्या?
3. कुत्र च तस्याः स्थानम्?
4. तद् बलं साम्प्रतं सड़े एव निवसति।
5. सा चेयं शक्तिः संघटनद्वारैव प्राप्तुं शक्यते।
6. अस्माकं कम्पितं जायते चेतः।
Answer:
1. सः
2. सा
3. तस्याः
4. तद्
5. सा, इयम्
6. अस्माकम्।
In simple words: The pronouns (Sarvanam Padani) in each sentence have been identified and listed. Pronouns are words that take the place of nouns to avoid repetition.

🎯 Exam Tip: A pronoun (सर्वनामपदम्) stands in for a noun. Look for words like 'he', 'she', 'it', 'they', or their equivalent forms in Sanskrit.

(घ) समान-विलोमपदचयनम्

Question. अधोलिखितवाक्येषु रेखाङ्कितपदानां विलोमपदानि लिखत
1. मानवाः सर्वत्र विजयं कामयन्ते।
2. माता तनयं स्तन्यं पाययति।
3. शक्तिशून्यो मानवः शत्रु जेतुं न पारयति।
4. शक्तिमान् समुन्नतेः शिखरमारोहति।
5. जीवनं सुखेन यापयितुं शक्तिसंग्रहः करणीयः।
6. लोकाः अवनतेः गर्तमनुपतन्ति।
7. यत्र संघटनं तत्र सर्वसम्पत्तिः।
8. यत्र विघटनं तत्र सर्वविपत्तिः।
9. संघटनशक्त्या सुकरं जायते।
10. लोका असम्भवमपि कार्यं सम्भवं कुर्वन्ति।
Answer:
1. पराजयम्
2. तनयाम्
3. मित्रम्
4. अवनतेः
5. दुःखेन
6. उन्नतेः
7. सर्वविपत्तिः
8. संघटनम्
9. दुष्करम्
10. असम्भवम्।
In simple words: This exercise involves finding the opposite words (antonyms) for specific words used in the given sentences. For example, the opposite of 'victory' is 'defeat'.

🎯 Exam Tip: To find antonyms (विलोमपदानि), understand the meaning of the original word and then think of a word that expresses the opposite meaning, ensuring it fits the context grammatically.