NEET Biology Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production MCQs Set 14

Answer: (a) Red pepper

Explanation:
1. Red pepper (Capsicum) is a New World spice that arrived in India with Europeans and is now essential in Indian cooking.
2. Black pepper, ginger and cardamom are native Indian spices.
3. Hence option (a) is correct: Red pepper

Teacher's Note:
1. Red pepper (chilli) came to India from the New World in the sixteenth century.
2. Black pepper, ginger and cardamom are native to India.

Answer: (b) Once a desired hybrid produced, no chances of losing it

Explanation:
1. The reason for vegetatively reproducing crops plants suitable for maintaining hybrid vigour is that once a desired hybrid produced, no chance of losing it.
2. Hence option (b) is correct: Once a desired hybrid produced, no chances of losing it

Teacher's Note:
1. Vegetative propagation gives clones, so the hybrid character is never lost.
2. Seed propagation would break up the hybrid through segregation.

Answer: (c) Selection and hybridization

Explanation:
1. New varieties are produced by crossing selected parents (hybridisation) followed by selection of superior progeny.
2. Hence option (c) is correct: Selection and hybridization

Teacher's Note:
1. New varieties are mostly produced by selection from existing variation and by hybridisation.
2. Introduction brings existing varieties but does not create new ones.

Answer: (a) Potato and tomato

Explanation:
1. Potato and tomato are New World crops and were absent in India before the arrival of Europeans.
2. Hence option (a) is correct: Potato and tomato

Teacher's Note:
1. Potato and tomato were introduced into India by Europeans.
2. They came from South America.

Answer: (c) Collection of plants or seeds having diverse alleles of all genes in a crop

Explanation:
1. Collection of plants or seeds having diverse alleles of all genes in a crop.
2. Hence option (c) is correct: Collection of plants or seeds having diverse alleles of all genes in a crop

Teacher's Note:
1. A germplasm collection holds the diverse alleles of one crop, not all species of an area.
2. Do not mix it up with a herbarium or a seed bank of rare species.

Answer: (b) Genetically uniform population identical to the original parent

Explanation:
1. Genetically uniform population identical to the original parent.
2. Hence option (b) is correct: Genetically uniform population identical to the original parent

Teacher's Note:
1. Tissue culture gives a uniform population of clones of the parent.
2. That is why it is used to multiply elite plants commercially.

Answer: (a) Cellular totipotency

Explanation:
1. In tissue culture medium, the embryoids arise from pollen grains due to cellular totipotency.
2. Hence option (a) is correct: Cellular totipotency

Teacher's Note:
1. Embryoids from pollen show that each pollen grain can form a whole plant.
2. This power is called cellular totipotency.

Answer: (c) Micropropagation

Explanation:
1. Hence option (c) is correct: Micropropagation

Teacher's Note:
1. Micropropagation is the rapid production of many plantlets in the laboratory.
2. It is used for bananas, orchids and potatoes.

Answer: (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. Somatic hybrids may used for the production of useful plants. The genetic manupulation of desired genes is more rapidly carried out in their protoplast state.
2. Hence option (a) is correct: Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Teacher's Note:
1. Protoplasts have no cell wall, so foreign genes and cells can be fused easily.
2. This makes somatic hybridisation possible.

Answer: (b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. Plant cell/part → Undifferentiated mass i.e., callus developed within 2-3 weeks. In suspension culture more nutrition is available.
2. Hence option (b) is correct: Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Teacher's Note:
1. Callus appears in two to three weeks, and suspension cultures grow faster because nutrients reach every cell.
2. The faster growth is not the reason callus forms in two to three weeks.

Answer: (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. Breeding is development of new varieties with desired characteristics that is better suited for cultivation.
2. Hence option (a) is correct: Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Teacher's Note:
1. Plant breeding is the genetic improvement of crops.
2. Its aim is to create plant types that suit cultivation better.

Answer: (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. 1960-1970 was the period of green revolution. In 1960 yield increased per unit area due to efforts of green revolution.
2. Hence option (a) is correct: Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Teacher's Note:
1. The Green Revolution of the 1960s came from high-yielding wheat and rice.
2. Yield per unit area went up sharply.

Answer: (d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

Explanation:
1. Maize resistant to stem borer has low nitrogen and sugar and high aspartic acid, so the Assertion is false.
2. The pest named in the Reason is the stem borer, not the root borer, so the Reason is false too.
3. Hence option (d) is correct: Both Assertion and Reason are false.

Teacher's Note:
1. Maize resistant to stem borer has low nitrogen and sugar and high aspartic acid.
2. So both the Assertion and the Reason are false.

Answer: (c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.

Explanation:
1. New cultivar after hybridisation are tested for about three growing seasons before release in different agroclimatic zones.
2. Hence option (c) is correct: Assertion is true but the Reason is false.

Teacher's Note:
1. A new cultivar is tested for about three seasons at several agroclimatic zones.
2. Testing at only one zone would not prove it is stable.

Answer: (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. Pomato arised (potato × tomato) does not have characteristics for its commercial level so it is not very common among our society.
2. Hence option (a) is correct: Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Teacher's Note:
1. Pomato did not have the desired combination of characters, so it is not grown commercially.
2. This is why it has stayed a laboratory example.

Answer: (b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. Single cell proteins are obtained from both prokaryotes e.g. Spirulina as well as pro-eukaryotes e.g. Chlorella, Yeast etc. It may be unicellular or multicellular.
2. Hence option (b) is correct: Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Teacher's Note:
1. SCP comes from bacteria, algae and fungi.
2. Unicellular and some multicellular organisms are used, but the second statement does not explain the first.