NEET Biology Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production MCQs Set 06

Answer: (d) Pila globosa \(-\) Pearl

Explanation:
1. Honey bees give honey, the lac insect gives lac and the silkworm gives silk.
2. Pila globosa is a freshwater snail and does not produce pearls; pearls come from oysters.

Teacher's Note:
1. Apiculture, lac culture and sericulture are insect farming.
2. Pearl culture uses oysters.

Answer: (b) Lower levels of blood testosterone

Explanation:
1. A bullock is a castrated male.
2. Removal of the testes lowers the testosterone level, so the animal is calm.

Teacher's Note:
1. Testosterone makes males aggressive.
2. Castration is done to produce draught animals.

Answer: (a) Goat

Explanation:
1. Pashmina wool comes from the Kashmir (Changthangi) goat.
2. It is not obtained from sheep.

Teacher's Note:
1. Pashmina is goat wool.
2. Angora wool comes from rabbits.

Answer: (c) Inbreeding increases heterozygosity

Explanation:
1. Mating of close relatives makes genes homozygous.
2. So inbreeding increases homozygosity and decreases heterozygosity.
3. The other statements are correct.

Teacher's Note:
1. Inbreeding gives pure lines but may cause inbreeding depression.
2. Homozygosity also exposes harmful recessive genes.

Answer: (a) FSH

Explanation:
1. In MOET the cow is given a hormone with FSH-like activity.
2. This induces follicular maturation and super ovulation.

Teacher's Note:
1. FSH stimulates growth of follicles.
2. The embryos are then transferred to surrogate mothers.

Answer: (c) Inbreeding

Explanation:
1. Inbreeding exposes harmful recessive genes by making them homozygous.
2. Selection can then remove these animals from the breeding programme.

Teacher's Note:
1. Inbreeding exposes and selection removes the harmful genes.
2. Outbreeding masks them.

Answer: (b) Two different related species

Explanation:
1. In interspecific hybridisation, male and female animals of two different related species are mated.
2. The mule from a male donkey and a female horse is an example.

Teacher's Note:
1. The word 'interspecific' means between species.
2. Hybrids are often sterile.

Answer: (c) Outcrossing

Explanation:
1. Mating within the same breed of animals having no common ancestors for 4-6 generations is outcrossing.
2. It helps to overcome inbreeding depression.

Teacher's Note:
1. Outcrossing is within a breed; cross-breeding is between breeds.
2. Check the breed and ancestry in such questions.

Answer: (a) Hisardale

Explanation:
1. The cross between Bikaneri ewes and Merino rams produced Hisardale.
2. Karan Swiss and Karan Fries are cattle breeds.

Teacher's Note:
1. Hisardale was developed in Punjab.
2. It gives good quality wool.

Answer: (b) Outcrossing

Explanation:
1. Mating within the same breed between animals with no common ancestors is called outcrossing.
2. Cross-breeding is between different breeds.

Teacher's Note:
1. Outcrossing gives hybrid vigour within a breed.
2. It is useful when milk yield or fertility is low.

Answer: (a) Taiwan

Explanation:
1. Taichung Native-1 is a dwarf rice variety developed in Taiwan.
2. It was used in the Green Revolution.

Teacher's Note:
1. Dwarf varieties of rice came from Taiwan and the Philippines.
2. IR-8 was developed at IRRI.

Answer: (b) 1 kg

Explanation:
1. Animals are higher in the food chain, so there is a loss of energy.
2. Roughly 3-10 kg of grain gives about 1 kg of meat.
3. This is why single cell protein is promoted.

Teacher's Note:
1. Energy is lost at each trophic level.
2. Single cell protein is a more efficient protein source.

Answer: (a) Chemicals

Explanation:
1. The explant is surface sterilised with chemicals such as sodium hypochlorite.
2. Heat would kill the tissue.

Teacher's Note:
1. Aseptic conditions are essential.
2. The culture medium is sterilised separately in an autoclave.

Answer: (a) Totipotency

Explanation:
1. Totipotency is the capacity of a cell to regenerate a whole plant.
2. It is the basis of tissue culture.

Teacher's Note:
1. Plant cells are totipotent.
2. Hardening is acclimatisation of plantlets.

Answer: (c) Subculturing

Explanation:
1. Transferring a part of the culture to fresh medium at intervals is subculturing.
2. It supplies fresh nutrients and removes the waste of the old medium.

Teacher's Note:
1. Subculture keeps cell lines healthy.
2. Hardening is the final step of plantlet transfer.

Answer: (a) Unfertilised ovules

Explanation:
1. Haploid plants from the female gametophyte are gynogenic haploids.
2. They are obtained by culture of unfertilised ovules or ovaries.

Teacher's Note:
1. Androgenic haploids come from anthers or pollen.
2. Gynogenic haploids come from the egg side.

Answer: (b) Cellulase, pectinase

Explanation:
1. The cell wall is digested with cellulase and pectinase to form protoplasts.
2. PEG and electrofusion are used later to fuse the protoplasts, and they are not enzymes.

Teacher's Note:
1. Enzymes remove the cell wall first.
2. PEG helps the fusion.

Answer: (b) Potato and tomato

Explanation:
1. Pomato was produced by fusing protoplasts of potato and tomato.
2. Both plants are in the family Solanaceae but belong to different genera.

Teacher's Note:
1. Pomato bears tomatoes above and potatoes below the soil.
2. It was produced by somatic hybridisation.

Answer: (d) 62% of the population

Explanation:
1. Agriculture is the main source of livelihood in India.
2. It employs about 60 per cent or slightly more of the population, and 62% is the closest option.

Teacher's Note:
1. Agriculture is the largest employer in India.
2. Food production needs to keep pace with population growth.