NEET Biology Plant Kingdom MCQs Set 12

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology: Plant Kingdom

Access targeted multiple-choice questions for Plant Kingdom designed to align with the latest NEET academic syllabus for NEET Biology. These objective practice sets help students evaluate their conceptual understanding and improve exam readiness.

Practice Plant Kingdom MCQs for NEET Biology

Access the complete set of multiple-choice questions for Plant Kingdom below. This focused format allows students to isolate specific topics for thorough review and uninterrupted practice alongside official NEET textbooks.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Which type of taxonomy is based on chromosome number, structure and behaviour?
(a) Numerical taxonomy
(b) Chemotaxonomy
(c) Cytotaxonomy
(d) Phenetics
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Cytotaxonomy

Explanation:
1. Cytotaxonomy uses cytological information such as chromosome number, structure and behaviour.

Teacher's Note:
1. Chemotaxonomy uses chemical constituents; numerical taxonomy uses all observable characters with computers.

Question 2: Which sexual reproduction is found in Fucus?
(a) Isogamous
(b) Anisogamous
(c) Oogamous
(d) Parthenogenetic
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Oogamous

Explanation:
1. Fucus, a brown alga, has a large non-motile egg and small motile antherozoids, which is oogamy.

Teacher's Note:
1. Volvox is also oogamous.

Question 3: Which of the following is a colonial alga?
(a) Chlamydomonas
(b) Spirogyra
(c) Volvox
(d) Laminaria
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Volvox

Explanation:
1. Volvox forms colonies, Chlamydomonas is unicellular, Spirogyra is filamentous and Laminaria is a massive kelp.

Teacher's Note:
1. Kelps are massive brown algae.

Question 4: Agar, used to grow microbes and in ice creams and jellies, is obtained from
(a) Laminaria and Fucus
(b) Gelidium and Gracilaria
(c) Chlorella and Spirulina
(d) Volvox and Ulothrix
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Gelidium and Gracilaria

Explanation:
1. Agar is a product of red algae Gelidium and Gracilaria.

Teacher's Note:
1. Red algae also give carrageen.

Question 5: The pigments found in Phaeophyceae are
(a) chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids
(b) chlorophyll a, d and phycoerythrin
(c) chlorophyll a and bacteriochlorophyll
(d) chlorophyll a, c and fucoxanthin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) chlorophyll a, c and fucoxanthin

Explanation:
1. Fucoxanthin gives the brown colour.

Teacher's Note:
1. Green algae have chlorophyll a, b; red algae have chlorophyll a, d and phycoerythrin.

Question 6: Storage bodies located in the chloroplasts of most green algae are called
(a) plastoglobuli
(b) pyrenoids
(c) lysosomes
(d) grana
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) pyrenoids

Explanation:
1. Pyrenoids contain protein besides starch.

Teacher's Note:
1. Pyrenoids are a feature of green algae.

Question 7: The stored food in Rhodophyceae is
(a) floridean starch
(b) laminarin and mannitol
(c) starch
(d) glycogen
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) floridean starch

Explanation:
1. Red algae store floridean starch, which resembles amylopectin and glycogen.

Teacher's Note:
1. Brown algae store laminarin and mannitol, green algae store starch.

Question 8: In which algal class are gametes pear-shaped and bear two unequal laterally attached flagella?
(a) Chlorophyceae
(b) Rhodophyceae
(c) Phaeophyceae
(d) Cyanophyceae
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Phaeophyceae

Explanation:
1. Brown algae have pyriform gametes with two unequal flagella attached laterally.

Teacher's Note:
1. Red algae have no flagellate stage.

Question 9: In bryophytes the dominant phase of the life cycle is
(a) the diploid sporophyte
(b) the zygote
(c) the haploid gametophyte
(d) the sporangium
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) the haploid gametophyte

Explanation:
1. The gametophyte is independent and the sporophyte depends on it.

Teacher's Note:
1. In pteridophytes the sporophyte is dominant.

Question 10: The moss gametophyte has two stages, the protonema stage that develops from a
(a) spore and the leafy stage that develops from a bud
(b) zygote and the leafy stage from a spore
(c) spore and the leafy stage from a zygote
(d) bud and the leafy stage from a spore
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) spore and the leafy stage that develops from a bud

Explanation:
1. The spore germinates into creeping green protonema, which bears buds that form leafy gametophytes.

Teacher's Note:
1. Sex organs are borne on the leafy stage.

Question 11: Which plant is monoecious and forms peat?
(a) Marchantia
(b) Funaria
(c) Sphagnum
(d) Riccia
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Sphagnum

Explanation:
1. Sphagnum is a moss whose remains give peat used as fuel and for packing.

Teacher's Note:
1. Marchantia is dioecious.

Question 12: Which of the following is heterosporous?
(a) Selaginella and Salvinia
(b) Equisetum and Lycopodium
(c) Pteris and Dryopteris
(d) Equisetum and Pteris
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Selaginella and Salvinia

Explanation:
1. Selaginella and Salvinia produce two kinds of spores, macro and microspores.

Teacher's Note:
1. Heterospory is the precursor of the seed habit.

Question 13: Which of these is the precursor of the seed habit?
(a) Pinus
(b) Selaginella
(c) Cycas
(d) Equisetum
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Selaginella

Explanation:
1. Heterospory with retention of the female gametophyte on the parent sporophyte in Selaginella leads to the seed habit.

Teacher's Note:
1. The Cycas has coralloid roots and Pinus has mycorrhiza.

Question 14: Genus with coralloid roots associated with cyanobacteria, unbranched stem and pinnate leaves is
(a) Pinus
(b) Cycas
(c) Selaginella
(d) Equisetum
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Cycas

Explanation:
1. Cycas has coralloid roots with nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria.

Teacher's Note:
1. Pinus has mycorrhizal roots.

Question 15: Pinus has which association with fungi in its roots?
(a) Coralloid roots
(b) Mycorrhiza
(c) Root nodules
(d) Lichen
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Mycorrhiza

Explanation:
1. Pinus roots form mycorrhiza that help absorb water and minerals.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cycas uses cyanobacteria.

Question 16: Living pteridophytes are limited to narrow geographical regions because
(a) they lack roots
(b) they do not make spores
(c) they have no vascular tissue
(d) they need water for fertilisation
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) they need water for fertilisation

Explanation:
1. Motile antherozoids need water to reach the egg, restricting them to damp places.

Teacher's Note:
1. Water dependence also applies to bryophytes.

Question 17: Which of the following is related to Pinus but not to Cycas?
(a) Megaspores
(b) Megasporangia
(c) Megasporophylls
(d) Female cone
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Female cone

Explanation:
1. Pinus bears a female cone, whereas Cycas has loose megasporophylls without a cone.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cycas has a male cone but no female cone.

Question 18: In gymnosperms, the nucellus protected by envelopes forms a structure called
(a) the embryo sac
(b) the seed
(c) the ovule
(d) the carpel
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) the ovule

Explanation:
1. The nucellus with integuments is the ovule, and it is not enclosed in an ovary.

Teacher's Note:
1. The ovule becomes the seed after fertilisation.

Question 19: How many nuclei take part in double fertilisation in angiosperms?
(a) Three
(b) Four
(c) Five
(d) Six
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Five

Explanation:
1. Two male nuclei, one egg nucleus and two polar nuclei are involved.

Teacher's Note:
1. One male nucleus fuses with the egg, the other with the two polar nuclei, forming 3n endosperm.

Question 20: The ploidy of endosperm in a typical angiosperm is
(a) n
(b) 2n
(c) 3n
(d) 4n
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) 3n

Explanation:
1. Endosperm forms by fusion of one male gamete with two polar nuclei, so it is triploid.

Teacher's Note:
1. Embryo is 2n; synergids and embryo sac cells are n.

Question 21: After fertilisation the ovule and ovary of an angiosperm develop into
(a) seed and fruit
(b) fruit and seed
(c) embryo and endosperm
(d) seed and endosperm
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) seed and fruit

Explanation:
1. The ovule forms the seed and the ovary the fruit; synergids and antipodals degenerate.

Teacher's Note:
1. Angiosperm seeds are enclosed in fruits.

Question 22: Angiosperm sizes range from tiny Wolffia to tall trees of
(a) Cedrus
(b) Pinus
(c) Cycas
(d) Eucalyptus
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Eucalyptus

Explanation:
1. Wolffia is the smallest flowering plant and Eucalyptus attains over 100 m.

Teacher's Note:
1. Sequoia is the tallest gymnosperm.

Question 23: Many algae such as Volvox, Spirogyra and some Chlamydomonas species show which life cycle?
(a) Diplontic
(b) Haplo-diplontic
(c) Diplohaplontic
(d) Haplontic
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Haplontic

Explanation:
1. The zygote divides by meiosis, so the only diploid stage is the zygote.

Teacher's Note:
1. Seed-bearing plants and Fucus are diplontic.

Question 24: A life cycle with a dominant, independent, photosynthetic vascular sporophyte alternating with short-lived haploid gametophytes is shown by
(a) bryophytes
(b) green algae
(c) pteridophytes
(d) fungi
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) pteridophytes

Explanation:
1. In pteridophytes the main plant is a diploid sporophyte and the gametophyte is a small prothallus.

Teacher's Note:
1. In bryophytes the gametophyte is dominant.

Question 25: The statement the short-lived multicellular sporophyte is totally or partially dependent on the gametophyte refers to
(a) pteridophytes
(b) gymnosperms
(c) angiosperms
(d) bryophytes
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) bryophytes

Explanation:
1. In bryophytes the sporophyte is attached to and nourished by the gametophyte.

Teacher's Note:
1. This is the reverse of the pteridophyte pattern.

Question 26: Which pairing is correct for the equation: fusion of gametes gives, mitosis in zygote gives?
(a) spores and gametophyte
(b) zygote and embryo
(c) embryo and zygote
(d) gametophyte and spores
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) zygote and embryo

Explanation:
1. Gametes fuse to form a zygote, which divides mitotically into an embryo.

Teacher's Note:
1. Meiosis in the sporophyte gives spores and spores germinate into gametophytes.

Question 27: Algae reproduce vegetatively by fragmentation, asexually by
(a) seeds, and sexually by conidia
(b) conidia, and sexually by budding
(c) budding, and sexually by fragmentation
(d) spores such as zoospores, and sexually by fusion of gametes
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) spores such as zoospores, and sexually by fusion of gametes

Explanation:
1. The most common asexual spores are flagellated zoospores.

Teacher's Note:
1. Sexual reproduction ranges from isogamy to oogamy.

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FAQs

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