NEET Biology Plant Kingdom MCQs Set 09

Biology Objective Questions and Answers: Plant Kingdom

Access targeted multiple-choice questions for Plant Kingdom designed to align with the latest NEET academic syllabus for NEET Biology. These objective practice sets help students evaluate their conceptual understanding and improve exam readiness.

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View or download the dedicated Plant Kingdom MCQ resource below. Practicing these 50 objective questions regularly builds familiarity with standard exam patterns and helps secure higher marks in final Biology evaluations.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Which group does not produce embryo ?
(a) Algae
(b) Moss
(c) Liverworts
(d) Club moss
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Algae

Explanation:
1. Algae do not form an embryo; mosses, liverworts and club moss all do.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bryophytes are non-vascular with a dominant gametophyte, pteridophytes are vascular with a dominant sporophyte, and gymnosperms bear naked seeds.
2. Remember the algal classes by pigments and stored food: green (starch), brown (fucoxanthin, mannitol/laminarin), red (phycoerythrin, floridean starch).

Question 2: Which group of plants conduct water and minerals by xylem tracheids ?
(a) Algae
(b) Mosses
(c) Liverworts
(d) Gymnosperms
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Gymnosperms

Explanation:
1. Gymnosperms conduct water through xylem tracheids; algae, mosses and liverworts have no xylem.

Teacher's Note:
1. The gametophyte is progressively reduced from bryophytes to angiosperms.
2. Meiosis is zygotic in most algae, sporic in higher plants and gametic in a few algae like Fucus.

Question 3: The group of plants, in which body is differentiated into root, stem and leaf :-
(a) Chlorophyceae
(b) Phaeophyceae
(c) Lycopsida
(d) Hepaticopsida
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Lycopsida

Explanation:
1. Lycopsida (club mosses) are vascular and have a body differentiated into root, stem and leaves; algae and liverworts have a thallus.

Teacher's Note:
1. The gametophyte is progressively reduced from bryophytes to angiosperms.
2. Meiosis is zygotic in most algae, sporic in higher plants and gametic in a few algae like Fucus.

Question 4: Which is not an example of moss plants ?
(a) Funaria
(b) Polytrichum
(c) Sphagnum
(d) Colletotrichum
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Colletotrichum

Explanation:
1. Colletotrichum is a fungus; Funaria, Polytrichum and Sphagnum are mosses.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bryophytes are non-vascular with a dominant gametophyte, pteridophytes are vascular with a dominant sporophyte, and gymnosperms bear naked seeds.
2. Remember the algal classes by pigments and stored food: green (starch), brown (fucoxanthin, mannitol/laminarin), red (phycoerythrin, floridean starch).

Question 5: In which group of plants both male and female gametophytes do not have an independent free living existence ?
(a) Bryophytes
(b) Pteridophytes
(c) Gymnosperms
(d) Both 1 and 2
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Gymnosperms

Explanation:
1. In gymnosperms both male and female gametophytes depend on the sporophyte and are retained on it.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bryophytes are non-vascular with a dominant gametophyte, pteridophytes are vascular with a dominant sporophyte, and gymnosperms bear naked seeds.
2. Remember the algal classes by pigments and stored food: green (starch), brown (fucoxanthin, mannitol/laminarin), red (phycoerythrin, floridean starch).

Question 6: Sporophylls are arranged spirally along an axis, when they aggregate, to form :-
(a) Strobillus
(b) Flowers
(c) Inflorescence
(d) Thalamus
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Strobillus

Explanation:
1. Sporophylls arranged spirally on an axis form a strobilus (cone).

Teacher's Note:
1. The gametophyte is progressively reduced from bryophytes to angiosperms.
2. Meiosis is zygotic in most algae, sporic in higher plants and gametic in a few algae like Fucus.

Question 7: The gametophyte of pteridophytes require to grow :-
(a) Warm, damp, and shady place
(b) Cool, damp, and shady place
(c) Warm, dry, and shady place
(d) Cool, dry, and place of well sunshine
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Cool, damp, and shady place

Explanation:
1. The gametophyte (prothallus) of pteridophytes needs cool, damp and shady places.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bryophytes are non-vascular with a dominant gametophyte, pteridophytes are vascular with a dominant sporophyte, and gymnosperms bear naked seeds.
2. Remember the algal classes by pigments and stored food: green (starch), brown (fucoxanthin, mannitol/laminarin), red (phycoerythrin, floridean starch).

Question 8: The megaspore mother cell in gymnosperms is differentiated from :-
(a) Integument
(b) Embryosac
(c) Nucellus
(d) Endosperm
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Nucellus

Explanation:
1. The megaspore mother cell differentiates inside the nucellus of the ovule.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bryophytes are non-vascular with a dominant gametophyte, pteridophytes are vascular with a dominant sporophyte, and gymnosperms bear naked seeds.
2. Remember the algal classes by pigments and stored food: green (starch), brown (fucoxanthin, mannitol/laminarin), red (phycoerythrin, floridean starch).

Question 9: Majority of red algae tend to grow in :-
(a) Marine and warmer areas
(b) Marine and colder areas
(c) Freshwater and warmer areas
(d) Brackish water and colder areas
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Marine and warmer areas

Explanation:
1. Most red algae grow in marine and warmer areas; some live at great depths.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bryophytes are non-vascular with a dominant gametophyte, pteridophytes are vascular with a dominant sporophyte, and gymnosperms bear naked seeds.
2. Remember the algal classes by pigments and stored food: green (starch), brown (fucoxanthin, mannitol/laminarin), red (phycoerythrin, floridean starch).

Question 10: Pyriform, biflagellate gametes are produced in:-
(a) Ectocarpus, Polysiphonia
(b) Ectocarpus, Laminaria
(c) Ulothrix, Polysiphonia
(d) Fucus, Porphyra
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Ectocarpus, Laminaria

Explanation:
1. Brown algae such as Ectocarpus and Laminaria produce pyriform (pear shaped) biflagellate gametes.

Teacher's Note:
1. The gametophyte is progressively reduced from bryophytes to angiosperms.
2. Meiosis is zygotic in most algae, sporic in higher plants and gametic in a few algae like Fucus.

Question 11: Autotrophic aquatic organisms which usually reproduce vegetatively by fragmentation, asexual by non motile spores and perform sexual reproduction also by the non-motile gametes. These organisms are :-
(a) Polysiphonia, Porphyra, Gracilaria
(b) Ectocarpus, Dictyota, Laminaria
(c) Laminaria, Fucus, Sargassum
(d) Volvox, Chara, Spirogyra
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Polysiphonia, Porphyra, Gracilaria

Explanation:
1. Red algae (Polysiphonia, Porphyra, Gracilaria) reproduce by fragmentation, non-motile spores and non-motile gametes.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bryophytes are non-vascular with a dominant gametophyte, pteridophytes are vascular with a dominant sporophyte, and gymnosperms bear naked seeds.
2. Remember the algal classes by pigments and stored food: green (starch), brown (fucoxanthin, mannitol/laminarin), red (phycoerythrin, floridean starch).

Question 12: Which is not true about agar ?
(a) It is obtained from red alga
(b) It is used to grow (culture) microbes
(c) It is used to make ice-cream and gellies
(d) It is used as food supplement even by space travellers
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) It is used as food supplement even by space travellers

Explanation:
1. Agar comes from red algae and is used for culture media and ice cream; the space-travel food supplement is Chlorella.

Teacher's Note:
1. The gametophyte is progressively reduced from bryophytes to angiosperms.
2. Meiosis is zygotic in most algae, sporic in higher plants and gametic in a few algae like Fucus.

Question 13: At present most acceptable system of classification is :-
(a) Artificial system
(b) Natural system
(c) Phylogenetic system
(d) Practical system
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Phylogenetic system

Explanation:
1. The phylogenetic system, based on evolutionary relationships, is the most acceptable one now.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bryophytes are non-vascular with a dominant gametophyte, pteridophytes are vascular with a dominant sporophyte, and gymnosperms bear naked seeds.
2. Remember the algal classes by pigments and stored food: green (starch), brown (fucoxanthin, mannitol/laminarin), red (phycoerythrin, floridean starch).

Question 14: A group of algae, having following characters:- (a) Chlorophyll a and b are present (b) Chloroplast has one or many pyrenoids (c) Cell wall made of cellulose and pectose (d) Reserve food material is starch Which one of the following is also a very important character including above characters to call it as a member of chlorophyceae ?
(a) Plant body colonial only
(b) Plant body is made of haploid cells called as gametophyte
(c) Its flagellar character may be 2–8 in number, equal and apical
(d) It may occur in fresh water, brackish water or salt water
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Its flagellar character may be 2–8 in number, equal and apical

Explanation:
1. Chlorophyceae have 2 to 8 equal apical flagella on the motile cells; they may be unicellular, colonial or filamentous.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bryophytes are non-vascular with a dominant gametophyte, pteridophytes are vascular with a dominant sporophyte, and gymnosperms bear naked seeds.
2. Remember the algal classes by pigments and stored food: green (starch), brown (fucoxanthin, mannitol/laminarin), red (phycoerythrin, floridean starch).

Question 15: In which member chlorophyll a, c and fucoxantin are present ?
(a) Ectocarpus
(b) Gelidium
(c) Volvox
(d) Vaucheria
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Ectocarpus

Explanation:
1. Chlorophyll a, c and fucoxanthin occur in brown algae such as Ectocarpus.

Teacher's Note:
1. The gametophyte is progressively reduced from bryophytes to angiosperms.
2. Meiosis is zygotic in most algae, sporic in higher plants and gametic in a few algae like Fucus.

Question 16: Floridean starch is characteristic feature of :-
(a) Polysiphonia, Gracilaria, Porphyra
(b) Laminaria, Sargassum, Porphyra
(c) Polysiphonia, Laminaria, Porphyra
(d) Chara, Dictyota, Polysiphonia
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Polysiphonia, Gracilaria, Porphyra

Explanation:
1. Floridean starch is the reserve food of red algae such as Polysiphonia, Gracilaria and Porphyra.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bryophytes are non-vascular with a dominant gametophyte, pteridophytes are vascular with a dominant sporophyte, and gymnosperms bear naked seeds.
2. Remember the algal classes by pigments and stored food: green (starch), brown (fucoxanthin, mannitol/laminarin), red (phycoerythrin, floridean starch).

Question 17: Predominant stage of them is gametophyte, they vegetatively reproduce by fragmentation and budding. They produce male and female gametes in antheridia and archegonia, respectively. After fertilisation zygote develops into a sporophyte consisting of foot, seta and capsule, in them spore formed in their capsule form protonema on germination. The above description is about the group :-
(a) Lycopsida
(b) Bryopsida
(c) Hepaticopsida
(d) Psilopsida
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Bryopsida

Explanation:
1. A gametophyte dominant plant with foot, seta and capsule and protonema from spores is a moss (Bryopsida).

Teacher's Note:
1. The gametophyte is progressively reduced from bryophytes to angiosperms.
2. Meiosis is zygotic in most algae, sporic in higher plants and gametic in a few algae like Fucus.

Question 18: Integumented megasporangia are formed in :-
(a) Phanerogames
(b) Cryptogames only
(c) Gymnosperms only
(d) Pteridophytes only
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Phanerogames

Explanation:
1. Integumented megasporangia (ovules) occur in seed plants, the phanerogams.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bryophytes are non-vascular with a dominant gametophyte, pteridophytes are vascular with a dominant sporophyte, and gymnosperms bear naked seeds.
2. Remember the algal classes by pigments and stored food: green (starch), brown (fucoxanthin, mannitol/laminarin), red (phycoerythrin, floridean starch).

Question 19: Evolutionary first terrestrial plants to possess vascular tissues xylem and phloem are :-
(a) Psilopsids
(b) Lycopods
(c) Pteropsids
(d) Sphenopsids
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Psilopsids

Explanation:
1. Psilopsids (Psilotum) are regarded as the earliest vascular land plants.

Teacher's Note:
1. The gametophyte is progressively reduced from bryophytes to angiosperms.
2. Meiosis is zygotic in most algae, sporic in higher plants and gametic in a few algae like Fucus.

Question 20: Needle like leaves to reduce the surface area, thick cuticle, and sunken stomata to reduce water loss etc. are the xerophytic characters present in :-
(a) Pteridophytes
(b) Gymnosperms
(c) Angiosperms
(d) Sphenopsida
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Gymnosperms

Explanation:
1. Needle like leaves, thick cuticle and sunken stomata are xerophytic features of gymnosperms such as Pinus.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bryophytes are non-vascular with a dominant gametophyte, pteridophytes are vascular with a dominant sporophyte, and gymnosperms bear naked seeds.
2. Remember the algal classes by pigments and stored food: green (starch), brown (fucoxanthin, mannitol/laminarin), red (phycoerythrin, floridean starch).

Question 21: Most reduced gametophyte is found in :-
(a) Bryophyta
(b) Pteridophyta
(c) Gymnosperms
(d) Angiosperms
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Angiosperms

Explanation:
1. The gametophyte is most reduced in angiosperms (pollen grain and embryo sac).

Teacher's Note:
1. The gametophyte is progressively reduced from bryophytes to angiosperms.
2. Meiosis is zygotic in most algae, sporic in higher plants and gametic in a few algae like Fucus.

Question 22: Consider the following characters :- (A) Formation of only one functional megaspore in a megasporangium (B) Formation of hard covering around megasporangium (C) Development of embryo from zygote within the female gametophyte (D) Ret ention o f megaspore inside t he megasporangium These were very essential events occurred during the course of evolution for the phenomenon of:-
(a) Heterospory
(b) Seed habit
(c) Fruit formation
(d) Covered seed formation
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Seed habit

Explanation:
1. Retention of the megaspore, a hard covering and the embryo developing inside the female gametophyte are the steps leading to the seed habit.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bryophytes are non-vascular with a dominant gametophyte, pteridophytes are vascular with a dominant sporophyte, and gymnosperms bear naked seeds.
2. Remember the algal classes by pigments and stored food: green (starch), brown (fucoxanthin, mannitol/laminarin), red (phycoerythrin, floridean starch).

Question 23: In gymnosperms, the megaspore forms :-
(a) Endosperm
(b) Female gamete
(c) Male gamete
(d) Male cone
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Endosperm

Explanation:
1. In gymnosperms the megaspore develops into the female gametophyte, which functions as the endosperm (nutritive tissue).

Teacher's Note:
1. The gametophyte is progressively reduced from bryophytes to angiosperms.
2. Meiosis is zygotic in most algae, sporic in higher plants and gametic in a few algae like Fucus.

Question 24: Find the odd one with respect to ploidy?
(a) Spore
(b) Sporophyte
(c) Archegonium
(d) Antheridium
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Sporophyte

Explanation:
1. Spore, archegonium and antheridium are haploid, while the sporophyte is diploid.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bryophytes are non-vascular with a dominant gametophyte, pteridophytes are vascular with a dominant sporophyte, and gymnosperms bear naked seeds.
2. Remember the algal classes by pigments and stored food: green (starch), brown (fucoxanthin, mannitol/laminarin), red (phycoerythrin, floridean starch).

Question 25: Which is not true about fern plants ?
(a) They produce sori on sporophylls
(b) They produce male and female cone by spiral arrangement of sporophylls
(c) Some fern plants are heterosporous also
(d) Some ferns are aquatic also
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) They produce male and female cone by spiral arrangement of sporophylls

Explanation:
1. Ferns bear sori and do not form male and female cones; cones occur in lycopods and horsetails.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bryophytes are non-vascular with a dominant gametophyte, pteridophytes are vascular with a dominant sporophyte, and gymnosperms bear naked seeds.
2. Remember the algal classes by pigments and stored food: green (starch), brown (fucoxanthin, mannitol/laminarin), red (phycoerythrin, floridean starch).

Question 26: In a sphenopsid plant number of chromosome in the cells of scaly leaves is 24, what will be the number of chromosomes in its cells of stem, spore, and prothallus respectively :-
(a) 24, 12, 12
(b) 24, 24, 12
(c) 12, 24, 12
(d) 24, 12, 24
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) 24, 12, 12

Explanation:
1. Scaly leaves and stem are sporophytic (24), while the spore and prothallus are haploid (12).

Teacher's Note:
1. The gametophyte is progressively reduced from bryophytes to angiosperms.
2. Meiosis is zygotic in most algae, sporic in higher plants and gametic in a few algae like Fucus.

Question 27: Select the false statement ?
(a) Cyanobacteria, that are also referred to as blue- green algae are not algae any more
(b) Green algae, brown algae, red algae, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms are included under the kingdom plantae
(c) Artificial systems gave equal weightage to vegetative and sexual characteristics.
(d) Cytotaxonomy uses the chemical constituents of plants
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Cytotaxonomy uses the chemical constituents of plants

Explanation:
1. The statement is false because the use of chemical constituents is chemotaxonomy; cytotaxonomy uses cell information such as chromosome number.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bryophytes are non-vascular with a dominant gametophyte, pteridophytes are vascular with a dominant sporophyte, and gymnosperms bear naked seeds.
2. Remember the algal classes by pigments and stored food: green (starch), brown (fucoxanthin, mannitol/laminarin), red (phycoerythrin, floridean starch).

Question 28: The habitat where algae can be found in ?
(a) Moist stones
(b) Moist wood
(c) Moist soil
(d) All of the above
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) All of the above

Explanation:
1. Algae live in moist stones, wood, soil and in water.

Teacher's Note:
1. The gametophyte is progressively reduced from bryophytes to angiosperms.
2. Meiosis is zygotic in most algae, sporic in higher plants and gametic in a few algae like Fucus.

Question 29: The most common type of spores produced in algae during asexual reproduction are :-
(a) Aplanospores
(b) Conidia
(c) Zoospores
(d) Hypnospores
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Zoospores

Explanation:
1. Zoospores (flagellated) are the commonest asexual spores of algae.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bryophytes are non-vascular with a dominant gametophyte, pteridophytes are vascular with a dominant sporophyte, and gymnosperms bear naked seeds.
2. Remember the algal classes by pigments and stored food: green (starch), brown (fucoxanthin, mannitol/laminarin), red (phycoerythrin, floridean starch).

Question 30: Fusion between a large, nonmotile (static) female gamete and a smaller, motile male gamete is termed as :-
(a) Isogamy
(b) Oogamy
(c) Anisogamy
(d) Autogamy
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Oogamy

Explanation:
1. Fusion of a large non-motile egg and a small motile male gamete is oogamy.

Teacher's Note:
1. The gametophyte is progressively reduced from bryophytes to angiosperms.
2. Meiosis is zygotic in most algae, sporic in higher plants and gametic in a few algae like Fucus.

Question 31: Non vascular archegoniate plants are :-
(a) Thallophytes
(b) Bryophytes
(c) Pteridophytes
(d) Gymnosperm
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Bryophytes

Explanation:
1. Bryophytes are non-vascular plants with archegonia.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bryophytes are non-vascular with a dominant gametophyte, pteridophytes are vascular with a dominant sporophyte, and gymnosperms bear naked seeds.
2. Remember the algal classes by pigments and stored food: green (starch), brown (fucoxanthin, mannitol/laminarin), red (phycoerythrin, floridean starch).

Question 32: Vascular plants pro ducing i ntegumented megasporangia but not ovary are :-
(a) Pteridophytes
(b) Gymnosperms
(c) Angiosperms
(d) Bryophytes
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Gymnosperms

Explanation:
1. Gymnosperms have integumented megasporangia (ovules) but no ovary.

Teacher's Note:
1. The gametophyte is progressively reduced from bryophytes to angiosperms.
2. Meiosis is zygotic in most algae, sporic in higher plants and gametic in a few algae like Fucus.

Question 33: The same type of relation occuring in magaspore mother cell and nucellus can also be seen in :-
(a) Female gamete and antheridium
(b) Male gamete and endosperm
(c) Egg cell and archegonium
(d) Neck canal cell and antheridium
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Egg cell and archegonium

Explanation:
1. The megaspore mother cell lies inside the nucellus just as the egg cell lies inside the archegonium.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bryophytes are non-vascular with a dominant gametophyte, pteridophytes are vascular with a dominant sporophyte, and gymnosperms bear naked seeds.
2. Remember the algal classes by pigments and stored food: green (starch), brown (fucoxanthin, mannitol/laminarin), red (phycoerythrin, floridean starch).

Question 34: In most of the plants reduction division occurs during the formation of :-
(a) Male gamete and female gamete
(b) Male sex organ and female sex organ
(c) Microspore and megaspore
(d) Microsporangium and Megasporangium
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Microspore and megaspore

Explanation:
1. Meiosis (reduction division) in most plants occurs in spore mother cells, giving microspores and megaspores.

Teacher's Note:
1. The gametophyte is progressively reduced from bryophytes to angiosperms.
2. Meiosis is zygotic in most algae, sporic in higher plants and gametic in a few algae like Fucus.

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Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology Plant Kingdom

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