NEET Biology Photosynthesis in Higher Plants MCQs Set 13

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology: Photosynthesis In Higher Plants

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Plants mainly use the red and blue regions of the visible spectrum in photosynthesis. This was first concluded by:
(a) Jan Ingenhousz
(b) Joseph Priestley
(c) T.W. Engelmann
(d) Cornelius van Niel
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) T.W. Engelmann

Explanation:
1. Engelmann used Cladophora and aerobic bacteria to show the action spectrum of photosynthesis, with maximum in blue and red light.

Teacher's Note:
1. Ingenhousz showed light is needed.

Question 2: Which conclusion about photosynthesis was proved using radioisotopic techniques?
(a) Light is essential
(b) O2 comes from H2O and not from CO2
(c) Glucose is stored as starch
(d) Exchange of gases with the environment
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) O2 comes from H2O and not from CO2

Explanation:
1. Ruben and Kamen used 18O to show that the oxygen evolved comes from water.

Teacher's Note:
1. Calvin used 14C to trace carbon fixation.

Question 3: The dark reactions of photosynthesis:
(a) Occur in darkness
(b) Are not light dependent
(c) Are not directly light driven
(d) Occur in the membrane system of the chloroplast
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Are not directly light driven

Explanation:
1. The Calvin cycle uses ATP and NADPH from the light reaction, so it is not directly light driven
2. It occurs in the stroma.

Teacher's Note:
1. They do need products of light reactions.

Question 4: Electrons from which source reduce NADP+ to NADPH + H+ in the Z-scheme?
(a) Photosystem I
(b) Water
(c) Carbon dioxide
(d) Photosystem II
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Photosystem I

Explanation:
1. Electrons excited in PS I travel to NADP+ and reduce it
2. They come ultimately from water via PS II.

Teacher's Note:
1. PS II feeds PS I.

Question 5: During photosynthesis, the stroma lamellae of the chloroplast can perform:
(a) The dark reaction in which ATP is utilised
(b) The light reaction producing NADPH + H+
(c) The dark reaction utilising NADPH + H+
(d) The light reaction producing ATP
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) The light reaction producing ATP

Explanation:
1. Stroma lamellae have only PS I, which carries out cyclic photophosphorylation to make ATP.

Teacher's Note:
1. Grana have PS I and PS II.

Question 6: Which statements are correct about ATP synthesis in the chloroplast? A. Splitting of water in the stroma creates the proton gradient. B. The cytochrome complex releases protons into the lumen by accepting electrons from a hydrogen carrier. C. Protons moving through the F0 of ATPase to the stroma are coupled to ATP synthesis. D. Reduction of NADP+ to NADPH also contributes to the proton gradient.
(a) All statements are correct
(b) C and D
(c) A and B
(d) B, C and D
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) B, C and D

Explanation:
1. Water splits in the lumen, not the stroma, so A is wrong
2. B, C and D are correct.

Teacher's Note:
1. Protons accumulate in the lumen.

Question 7: What is the correct ratio of ATP utilisation in the steps of the Calvin cycle?
(a) Reduction : regeneration = 1 : 1
(b) Reduction : regeneration = 2 : 1
(c) Reduction : regeneration = 2 : 2
(d) Reduction : regeneration = 1 : 2
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Reduction : regeneration = 2 : 1

Explanation:
1. For each CO2, 2 ATP are used in reduction and 1 ATP in regeneration of RuBP, a total of 3 ATP.

Teacher's Note:
1. Each CO2 also needs 2 NADPH.

Question 8: The cells of C4 plants that are rich in RuBisCO (bundle sheath cells) also have:
(a) No intercellular spaces
(b) Thick walls impervious to gaseous exchange
(c) A large number of chloroplasts
(d) All of the above
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) All of the above

Explanation:
1. Bundle sheath cells have many chloroplasts, thick walls and no intercellular spaces.

Teacher's Note:
1. They form a Kranz anatomy.

Question 9: Productivity is better in C4 plants because:
(a) They increase the intracellular CO2 concentration in mesophyll cells
(b) RuBisCO has much greater affinity for O2 than CO2
(c) They prevent competitive binding of O2 to RuBisCO
(d) They minimise the carboxylase activity of RuBisCO
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) They prevent competitive binding of O2 to RuBisCO

Explanation:
1. C4 plants concentrate CO2 at the RuBisCO site, so O2 cannot compete and photorespiration is minimised.

Teacher's Note:
1. RuBisCO is only in bundle sheath cells.

Question 10: C3 plants respond to a higher CO2 concentration with increased photosynthesis because:
(a) Current availability of CO2 is limiting for C3 plants
(b) C3 plants show saturation at about 360 microlitre per litre CO2
(c) These plants respond to high CO2 even in low light
(d) RuBisCO shows only carboxylation in them
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Current availability of CO2 is limiting for C3 plants

Explanation:
1. At the present level C3 plants are CO2 limited, so more CO2 raises the photosynthetic rate
2. C4 plants saturate at about 360 microlitre per litre.

Teacher's Note:
1. C4 plants saturate earlier.

Question 11: In 2H2A + CO2 gives 2A + CH2O + H2O under light, H2A represents:
(a) A suitable reducible compound
(b) A suitable oxidisable compound
(c) A suitable buffer
(d) Both reducible and oxidisable compound
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) A suitable oxidisable compound

Explanation:
1. H2A is the hydrogen donor (oxidisable compound): water in green plants and H2S in purple sulphur bacteria.

Teacher's Note:
1. Van Niel proposed this.

Question 12: The membrane system of the chloroplast is responsible for:
(a) Trapping light energy
(b) Synthesis of ATP and NADPH
(c) Enzymatic reactions for CO2 incorporation
(d) Both trapping light energy and synthesis of ATP and NADPH
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Both trapping light energy and synthesis of ATP and NADPH

Explanation:
1. Thylakoid membranes trap light and make ATP and NADPH. CO2 fixation occurs in the stroma.

Teacher's Note:
1. Light reactions are in thylakoids.

Question 13: How does PS II supply electrons continuously?
(a) By removing electrons from photons
(b) By removing electrons from water
(c) By removing electrons from CO2
(d) By removing electrons from carotenoids
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) By removing electrons from water

Explanation:
1. PS II replaces lost electrons by splitting water, which releases O2 and protons.

Teacher's Note:
1. Photolysis of water.

Question 14: Which is NOT always required for chemiosmosis?
(a) Membrane
(b) Proton pump
(c) OEC (oxygen-evolving complex)
(d) ATPase
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) OEC (oxygen-evolving complex)

Explanation:
1. Chemiosmosis needs a membrane, a proton pump, a proton gradient and ATP synthase
2. The OEC is specific to photosynthesis.

Teacher's Note:
1. Mitochondria carry out chemiosmosis without OEC.

Question 15: The classification of the biosynthetic phase of the dark reaction into C3 and C4 is primarily based on:
(a) Initial CO2 fixation product
(b) Final CO2 assimilation
(c) First CO2 receptor
(d) Number of ATP consumed
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Initial CO2 fixation product

Explanation:
1. C3 plants form a 3-carbon PGA and C4 plants form a 4-carbon OAA as the first stable product.

Teacher's Note:
1. Hence C3 and C4.

Question 16: Which is NOT special about C4 plants?
(a) Responsiveness to high light intensities
(b) Lack of photorespiration
(c) Greater productivity
(d) Scotoactive stomata
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Scotoactive stomata

Explanation:
1. C4 plants respond to high light, lack photorespiration and give high productivity
2. Scotoactive stomata are a CAM feature.

Teacher's Note:
1. CAM plants open stomata at night.

Question 17: In C4 plants there is no photorespiration because:
(a) They have a large number of chloroplasts
(b) CO2 concentration is increased at the RuBisCO site
(c) Mesophyll cells are arranged concentrically
(d) RuBisCO has a greater affinity for CO2
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) CO2 concentration is increased at the RuBisCO site

Explanation:
1. The C4 pathway concentrates CO2 in bundle sheath cells, which suppresses the oxygenase activity of RuBisCO.

Teacher's Note:
1. Photorespiration wastes energy.

Question 18: Which is NOT a plant factor regulating photosynthesis?
(a) Age of the leaf
(b) Number of mesophyll cells
(c) Atmospheric CO2 concentration
(d) Amount of chlorophyll
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Atmospheric CO2 concentration

Explanation:
1. Plant (internal) factors include leaf age, number of cells, chlorophyll amount and enzymes
2. CO2 concentration is an external factor.

Teacher's Note:
1. External factors: light, CO2, temperature, water.

Question 19: An increase in CO2 concentration up to ______ per cent increases the CO2 fixation rate, but beyond this the level can be damaging over a long period.
(a) 0.03
(b) 0.04
(c) 0.045
(d) 0.05
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) 0.05

Explanation:
1. The rate rises up to about 0.05 per cent CO2 and beyond that it may become damaging.

Teacher's Note:
1. Normal atmospheric CO2 is about 0.03-0.04 per cent.

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Photosynthesis In Higher Plants Objective Questions & Solutions for NEET Biology

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