NCERT Solutions for Class 3 Maths Chapter 14 The Surajkund Fair

Exercise 14: The Surajkund Fair

Question. What do you see in the picture?
Answer: Families are enjoying a fun day at the fair. We can see a giant wheel, balloon sellers, and many shops.
In simple words: People are visiting a crowded fair with their kids, balloon stalls, and a big ride.

Exam Tip: Look closely at the background of the image to spot key details like rides and toy shops.

Question. Spot things in the picture that look the same from the left and right side.
Answer: The upper section of the entrance gate is exactly the same on both sides.
In simple words: If you look at the entrance arch, both halves are a match.

Exam Tip: Things that match exactly when split down the center are called symmetrical objects.

Question 1. Colour the beads in the strings using two colours (● ○) to show the malas that you have made.
Answer: Color the beads symmetrically from left to right. For example: 3 red beads, 4 yellow beads, and then 3 red beads.
In simple words: Paint the beads so that both sides of the necklace look exactly the same.

Exam Tip: Try using a simple repeating pattern, like alternating red and yellow, to make a beautiful design.

Question 2. On the previous page, tick the malas that are symmetrical.
Answer: The malas that have matching patterns on both sides are marked with a tick.
In simple words: A tick is put on the necklaces that look identical on both halves.

Exam Tip: Fold the necklace mentally down the middle: if both sides match up perfectly, it is symmetrical.

Question 3. How many such malas can be made? Discuss.
Answer: We are able to design four necklaces that are perfectly balanced and symmetrical.
In simple words: We can create 4 different matching necklaces using these beads.

Exam Tip: Try changing the colors in the middle to create new kinds of symmetrical necklaces.

Question 3 (a). Tick the malas that are symmetrical and cross the one(s) that are not symmetrical.
Answer:
- Mala 1 (Left): Ticked [✔] (The shapes match from top to bottom)
- Mala 2 (Middle-Left): Crossed [✘] (The shapes do not match)
- Mala 3 (Middle-Right): Crossed [✘] (The shapes do not match)
- Mala 4 (Right): Ticked [✔] (The shapes match from top to bottom)
In simple words: If you read the shapes from top to bottom on the first and last necklaces, they match. The middle two do not.

Exam Tip: Symmetrical hanging strings should have the same sequence of shapes starting from both ends.

Question 3 (b). Now, use 6 beads of one colour and 2 beads of another colour to make symmetrical malas.
Answer: Arrange the beads in this order: 3 red beads, 2 blue beads, and 3 red beads.
In simple words: Putting 3 red beads on both ends and 2 blue beads in the middle makes it match perfectly.

Exam Tip: To keep a design symmetrical, always split the smaller group of beads evenly in the center.

Question 1. Observe the rangolis given below. Are all rangolis symmetrical?
Answer: Yes, every single one of these rangoli designs is perfectly symmetrical.
In simple words: Each of the three floor patterns looks identical on both halves.

Exam Tip: Many traditional folk arts, like Rangolis, use symmetry because it looks neat and beautiful.

Question 2. Trace these rangolis on a paper. Fold the tracing paper in such a way that one half of the rangoli lies exactly on the other half.
Answer: After folding the traced paper along the middle line, you will find that both halves match and cover each other exactly.
In simple words: When we fold the paper down the center, the two sides line up perfectly.

Exam Tip: The folding crease you make on the paper is called the line of symmetry.

Question 3. Draw lines in the given rangolis that divide them into two identical halves.
Answer: Draw a straight line right through the center (either vertically or horizontally) to split the designs into matching halves.
In simple words: Draw a straight line down the middle of each design.

Exam Tip: Some symmetrical shapes can have more than one line of symmetry (like vertical, horizontal, or diagonal).

Question 4. Look for other symmetrical things around you. Discuss.
Answer:
Here are symmetrical things we see every day:
- In Nature: Pretty flowers, green leaves, and snowflakes.
- In Buildings: Windows, main doors, and monuments.
- Around the House: Round plates, cups, and wall mirrors.
- In Gadgets: Screen displays on phones, laptops, and televisions.
- In Art: Mandalas, patterned fabrics, and statues.
- Our Bodies: Faces, hands, and feet.
In simple words: We can find symmetry everywhere, from leaves on a plant to our own faces and hands.

Exam Tip: Look at your reflection in a mirror - you are seeing an exact symmetrical copy of yourself.

Question 1. Draw and complete the symmetrical rangolis given below.
Answer: Draw the exact matching mirror image on the blank side of the dotted grid to complete each shape.
In simple words: Use the dots to copy the shapes on the other side of the line.

Exam Tip: Count the number of dots from the center line to keep your drawing equal on both sides.

Question 2. Draw some more rangolis in your notebook that are symmetrical.
Answer: Draw circular mandala patterns or square patterns with repeating shapes to make symmetrical rangolis in your notebook.
In simple words: You can draw a square or a circle and make the same patterns on all sides.

Exam Tip: Using a ruler and a compass can help you draw perfect circles and straight lines for your rangoli.

Question 1. What is the trick the painter is playing? Find things for the painter to draw so that he can no longer play the trick. Draw three such things here.
Answer: The painter only draws half of the image and uses a mirror to show the other half. To stop this trick, we can ask him to draw things that are not symmetrical. For example, a tea kettle, a single shoe, or a hand.
In simple words: The painter draws only half a face and uses a mirror. We can ask him to draw a kettle because a kettle does not look the same on both sides.

Exam Tip: Objects with a handle on only one side (like a cup or kettle) are asymmetric and cannot be completed with a mirror.

Question 1. Pick the odd one out and give reasons.
Answer: The fourth pair is the odd one out. The other three pairs are exact mirror images of each other, but the last pair of dot patterns is different.
In simple words: The last pair is the odd one because the dot shapes do not match like a mirror.

Exam Tip: Check if one shape is flipped exactly like a mirror reflection to see if they form a symmetric pair.

Question 2. Fill 4 boxes with red colour and 3 with blue colour in such a way that one side is the mirror image of the other.
Answer: Color the squares symmetrically on both sides of the center vertical line. If you color a square on the left, color the matching square on the right with the same color.
In simple words: Color both sides of the mirror line exactly the same way to make it look balanced.

Exam Tip: Always work outward from the center folding line to make sure your grid coloring is correct.

Question 3. Make Micy's side the same as that of Catty's side. You can rearrange only three balls in Micy's side.
Answer: Move three balls on Micy's side so that the shape becomes an exact mirror image of Catty's side.
In simple words: Move three yellow dots to make Micy's triangle match Catty's triangle perfectly.

Exam Tip: Try moving the corner balls first when rearranging shapes to match a target pattern.

Question 4. Which shape cutouts would fit in the given shape without overlapping and without gaps.
Answer: Six small identical triangle cutouts will fit perfectly inside the hexagon without any overlapping or gaps.
In simple words: We can fill the hexagon using 6 small triangles.

Exam Tip: A regular hexagon can always be split into six equal equilateral triangles.

Question 1. Use rangometry shapes to fill the shapes with no gaps and overlaps.
Answer: Arrange the small colorful shapes (like squares and triangles) side by side to completely fill the given boundaries with no empty spaces.
In simple words: Put the tiny colored shapes next to each other like puzzle pieces until the box is full.

Exam Tip: This method of filling up a flat surface with shapes without gaps is called tiling or tessellation.

Question 1. Use two or more rangometry shapes to create your tiles. Now trace the tiles to create different paths.
Answer: Use your shaped tiles to draw a continuous connected path on the grid from the starting point to the end point.
In simple words: Place your tiles end-to-end to make a road from Start to End.

Exam Tip: Connect your shapes at their flat edges to ensure there are no gaps in your path.

Question 2. Try making these paths.
Answer: Draw clean, winding paths from start to finish on the grid using different geometric shapes.
In simple words: Draw different paths on the grid paper using squares or diamonds.

Exam Tip: You can create many different path designs just by changing how you turn the tiles on the grid.

Question. Imagine yourself sitting with Soni and Avi. You think of a place or a stall and challenge your friend to find out which stall you have in your mind. You can help them guess by answering yes or no.
Answer:
- Friend: "Is it a shop that sells gifts?"
- Me: "Yes."
- Friend: "Are the prices between Rs. 50 and Rs. 1000?"
- Me: "Yes."
- Friend: "Does it have snacks or food?"
- Me: "No."
- Friend: "Then it must be Archie's shop!"
- Me: "That is correct, my friend!"
In simple words: Play a guessing game by asking yes or no questions until your friend guesses the correct shop on the map.

Exam Tip: Ask questions about the types of items sold to narrow down your choices quickly.

Question 1. Help Soni and Avi read the map and find the following:
a. Which place does the [Chaupal icon] sign show?
b. Circle the picture in the map that shows the play area?
c. Which place does the [P parking icon] sign show?
d. How many exit routes are there in the fair?
Answer:
a. The sign points to the Chaupal.
b. The swings and slides in the play area are circled on the map.
c. This symbol represents the parking zone.
d. There are exactly two different exits in the fair.
In simple words: Look at the map symbols to find where the play area, parking, exits, and the Chaupal are.

Exam Tip: A map key or legend helps us understand what different symbols stand for.

Question 2. Follow the path that Avi and Soni are following:
a. Walk on the blue lane.
b. Turn right on the green lane.
c. You will see a restaurant on your right. Don't sit there.
d. Take a left towards the red lane.
e. Take the first left turn towards the golden lane. Stalls will be seen on the way.
f. Pass the stalls to find the Chaupal and meet Dada Dadi.
Answer: Draw arrows on the map lanes following the steps from the blue lane to the Chaupal where Dada Dadi are waiting.
In simple words: Follow the colored lines on the map exactly as written to find the way to Dada and Dadi.

Exam Tip: Always trace each step carefully on the map with a pencil before drawing the final path lines.

Question 3. An uncle asks Dada ji the way to the ATM. Tell him the way to the ATM from the chaupal.
Answer: From the Chaupal, walk straight along the path, take a turn near the stalls, and go towards the exit to find the ATM near the entrance.
In simple words: Go out of the Chaupal, walk past the toy stalls, and you will find the ATM right next to the entrance gate.

Exam Tip: Give clear directions by using landmarks like "stalls" or "gates" along the route.

Question 1. There are two ways to go out of the Surajkund fair. One seems to be a maze and the other goes straight there. Follow the maze with Soni and Avi to exit the fair.
Answer: Follow the open paths of the maze carefully from the entrance of the maze to reach the final exit.
In simple words: Draw a line through the open paths of the maze to find the way out without hitting any walls.

Exam Tip: Working backward from the exit is often an easier way to solve a tricky maze!

Question 2. Share the way you went through the maze. Write the things you found on the way.
Answer: As we walked along the maze path, we saw a pineapple and a snake on our way to the exit.
In simple words: We saw a tasty pineapple and a snake on the ground as we solved the maze.

Exam Tip: Keep track of items or obstacles you pass to help write down your journey path.