NCERT Solutions for Class 3 Maths Chapter 08 Fair Share

Chapter 8: Fair Share

Question 1. How do you share objects equally?
Answer: We can divide an object equally by folding it to make parts that are exactly the same size.
In simple words: Folding a paper sheet neatly so that the edges match perfectly is an easy way to divide it into equal shares.

Exam Tip: To get perfect equal shares, make sure that one part fits exactly over the other part when folded.

Question 2. Why is Shabnam folding the paratha over itself?
Answer: She folds it over so she can cut it into two equal halves to share.
In simple words: Shabnam folds the paratha in the middle to make sure both halves are of the same size.

Exam Tip: Folding an item in half is the first step to sharing it equally between two people.

Question 3. This is a whole paratha. Tick (✓) the paratha that has been cut equally.
Answer: The third paratha is the correct one. It is cut straight down the middle into two perfect, equal halves.
In simple words: We put a checkmark on the third paratha because it is divided exactly in the center.

Exam Tip: Equal parts must look identical in shape and size. If one side is larger, it is not a fair share.

Question 4. Let us Do. Question 1 : Circle the shapes where half of the whole is shaded.
Answer: We draw a circle around these three shapes because they are divided into two equal halves:
* The blue and white kite
* The red and white apple
* The orange and white rectangle
In simple words: We circle the kite, the apple, and the rectangle because they are cut into two equal-sized parts.

Exam Tip: Look closely at the dividing line. A shape is halved only if the shaded part is of the same size as the unshaded part.

Question 5. Question 2 : Draw a line to show one-half of the whole.
Answer: Draw a straight dashed line directly through the middle of each shape to divide it into two equal parts.
In simple words: Draw a straight line right down the center of each shape to split it into two identical halves.

Exam Tip: For circular objects like a pizza or a plate, any straight line going through the exact center point will divide it into halves.

Question 6. Question 3 : Shabnam has eaten some chikki from 3 sides. Tick (✓) how much chikki is left?
(a) less than half
(b) more than Half
(c) half
Answer: The correct answer is (c) half. The grid has 36 squares in total, and exactly 18 are orange, which is half of the whole chikki.
In simple words: Exactly half of the chikki is left because eighteen squares are still there out of thirty-six.

Exam Tip: Count the total number of small squares in the grid, then divide by 2 to see if the remaining part is exactly half.

Question 7. Question 4 : Show by coloring half a chikki that has been eaten from 2 sides.
Answer: To show half is eaten, color exactly 18 squares out of the 36. You can color the outer columns on the left and right to show it is eaten from two sides.
In simple words: Color eighteen boxes on the sides of the grid to show that half of the chikki was eaten.

Exam Tip: Since 18 is half of 36, coloring any 18 squares on a 36-square grid will show exactly one-half.

Question 8. Question 5 : Draw lines to show different ways of making a half. (Hexagon activity)
Answer: We can draw different straight lines to cut the hexagons into two equal halves:
* First: A diagonal line from the top-left corner to the bottom-right corner.
* Second: A horizontal line straight across the middle.
* Third: A slanted diagonal line from the top-right corner to the bottom-left corner.
* Fourth: A vertical line straight down the middle.
In simple words: We can split a hexagon in half by drawing straight lines horizontally, vertically, or diagonally.

Exam Tip: Hexagons are symmetrical shapes. You can fold or divide them in several different directions to get two equal halves.

Question 9. Question 6 : Complete the whole picture by drawing the other half.
Answer: Draw matching lines on the other side of the dot grid to make complete symmetrical shapes: a triangle, a diamond kite, and a square.
In simple words: Copy the exact same lines on the blank side of the dot grid to complete the drawings.

Exam Tip: Count the dots on the left side and match the same dot count on the right side to keep your drawing symmetrical.

Question 10. Question : Here are some mangoes. Share them equally between the two children.
Answer: To share 6 mangoes equally between 2 children, we divide: 6 ÷ 2 = 3 mangoes. Each child gets exactly three mangoes in their bowl.
In simple words: Dividing six mangoes equally between two kids means each child gets three mangoes.

Exam Tip: Equal division is the same as sharing. Use the division equation (6 ÷ 2 = 3) to write your answer.

Question 11. Question : Fill in the following blanks using double or half.
• 4 marbles are ________ of 8 marbles.
• 8 marbles are ________ of 4 marbles.
• 10 marbles are ________ of 5 marbles.
• 5 marbles are ________ of 10 marbles.
Answer: Based on double and half relationships:
* 4 marbles are half of 8 marbles.
* 8 marbles are double of 4 marbles.
* 10 marbles are double of 5 marbles.
* 5 marbles are half of 10 marbles.
In simple words: Four is half of eight, and eight is double of four. Ten is double of five, and five is half of ten.

Exam Tip: Remember that "double" means multiplying by 2, and "half" means dividing by 2.

Question 12. Question :
• 6 marbles are ________ of 12 marbles.
• 12 marbles are ________ of 6 marbles.
• On a number line how far is 13 from the double of 7? ________
• How far is 5 from half of 14? ________
Answer: Based on number properties:
* 6 marbles are half of 12 marbles.
* 12 marbles are double of 6 marbles.
* The double of 7 is 14. So, 13 is exactly 1 step away from 14 on the number line.
* Half of 14 is 7. So, 5 is exactly 2 steps away from 7 on the number line.
In simple words: Six is half of twelve. Thirteen is one step away from fourteen (which is double of 7). Five is two steps away from seven (which is half of 14).

Exam Tip: Solve the first part of the riddle (like "double of 7") before subtracting to find the distance on the number line.

Question 13. Guess who am I? Question 1 : I have less than double of 3 marbles. I have more than half of 8 marbles.
Answer: The correct answer is b) 5 Marbles.
* Double of 3 is 6, so we need a number less than 6.
* Half of 8 is 4, so we need a number more than 4.
* The only number between 4 and 6 is **5**.
In simple words: The riddle asks for a number smaller than six but larger than four, which is five.

Exam Tip: Write down your helper numbers (4 and 6) on rough paper to easily spot the correct option between them.

Question 14. Question 2 : I have less than double of 4 marbles. I have more than half of 10 marbles.
Answer: The correct answer is b) 6 Marbles.
* Double of 4 is 8, so we need a number less than 8.
* Half of 10 is 5, so we need a number more than 5.
* The number of marbles must be 6 or 7. From the options given, the answer is **6**.
In simple words: The number must be smaller than eight but larger than five, so the answer is six.

Exam Tip: Find the upper limit (8) and lower limit (5) to narrow down your choices from the multiple-choice list.

Question 15. Let us Do. Question 1 : Tick (✓) the objects that show quarters.
Answer: We put a checkmark (✓) on the following shapes because they are divided into four equal quarters:
* The orange square cut into four equal boxes.
* The brown grid cut into four equal vertical stripes.
In simple words: We check the square and the brown grid because they are divided into four identical, equal parts.

Exam Tip: Quarters must be four equal parts. If the parts are of different shapes or sizes, they are not quarters.

Question 16. Question 2 : Draw lines to make a quarter of the whole. (Square, circle, flower, diamond)
Answer: Draw cross lines (+ shape) through the center of each shape to divide it into four equal quarters.
In simple words: Draw a vertical and a horizontal line through the middle of each shape to split it into four equal parts.

Exam Tip: A plus-shaped (+) line drawn exactly in the middle is the easiest way to divide squares and circles into quarters.

Question 17. Question 3 : Draw the remaining three quarters and complete the whole.
Answer: Draw the other three matching quarters around the center to complete the whole circular fan and the whole rectangular brick.
In simple words: Draw three more identical pieces next to the one shown to make a complete round fan or a box.

Exam Tip: Symmetrical shapes need matching parts. Mirror the size and design of the given quarter on all other sides.

Question 18. Let us Do. Question 1 : Tick (✓) the shapes below that show three-quarters.
Answer: We put a checkmark (✓) on these shapes because they have exactly three out of four parts shaded (three-quarters):
* The green bar with three shaded boxes.
* The light blue triangle with three shaded sections.
* The orange block with three shaded squares.
* The red stripe with three shaded blocks.
In simple words: We check any shape that has four parts in total with three parts colored in.

Exam Tip: Three-quarters means 3 out of 4 parts are colored. Always count the total parts first to make sure there are exactly 4.

Question 19. Question 2 : Colour the shapes below to show the fractions as instructed.
Answer: Color the parts of each shape according to the fraction given:
* 2 quarters: Color any two out of the four equal squares.
* 1 quarter: Color only one out of the four circular slices.
* 3 quarters: Color three out of the four diamond parts.
* 4 quarters: Color all four parts of the shape to make it completely full.
* 3 quarters: Color three out of the four rectangular boxes.
* 1 quarter: Color only one point of the four-pointed star.
In simple words: Color the parts as asked: two boxes for 2 quarters, one box for 1 quarter, and three boxes for 3 quarters.

Exam Tip: For "4 quarters", remember that it means the whole shape, so you should color all the parts completely.

Question 20. Question 3 : Draw lines and colour the shapes below to show the fractions as instructed.
Answer: Divide each shape into four equal parts with straight lines, then color them to show the fraction:
* 2 quarters of the hexagon: Draw cross lines inside, and color two parts blue.
* 1 quarter of the parallelogram: Draw lines inside, and color one part pink.
* 3 quarters of the star: Draw lines inside, and color three parts yellow.
* 4 quarters of the square: Draw a cross inside, and color all four parts blue.
* 3 quarters of the diamond: Draw lines inside, and color three parts green.
* 1 quarter of the circle: Draw a cross inside, and color only one part purple.
In simple words: Draw lines to cut each shape into four equal rooms, then color the rooms to show the fraction.

Exam Tip: Use a ruler to make your division lines straight so that all four parts look equal in size.

Question 21. Question 4 : Here is a rectangle which shows quarters. Discuss how.
Answer: The large grid has 16 small squares. Since there are exactly 4 squares of each color (red, yellow, green, and blue), each color represents exactly one-quarter (4 out of 16) of the entire rectangle.
In simple words: Since there are sixteen squares in total, and each of the four colors has four squares, each color represents exactly one-quarter.

Exam Tip: One-quarter of 16 is 4. Since each color has exactly 4 blocks, they each represent one-quarter of the grid.

Question 22. Question 5 : Show quarters and halves in different ways in the grids given below.
Answer: We can color a 4x4 grid (which has 16 squares in total) to show fractions:
* To show one-quarter: Color exactly 4 squares. You can color the top row, or color any 4 squares in a corner block.
* To show one-half: Color exactly 8 squares. You can color the entire left half, or the top two rows.
In simple words: Color four boxes to show a quarter of the grid. Color eight boxes to show half of the grid.

Exam Tip: Remember that half of 16 is 8, and a quarter of 16 is 4. Just count and color that number of squares.