CBSE Class 10 Science Heredity and Evolution MCQs Set 04

Question: Exchange of genetic material takes place in:
a) Vegetative reproduction
b) Asexual reproduction
c) Sexual reproduction
d) Budding
Answer: c

Question: Which of the following rediscovered Mendel’s work?
a) Correns
b) De Vries
c) Tschermark
d) All of the options
Answer: d

Question: From the list given below, select the character which can be acquired but not inherited:
a) Colour of eyes
b) Colour of skin
c) Size of body
d) Nature of hair
Answer: c

Question: The two versions of a trait (character) which are brought in by the male and female gametes are situated on:
a) Copies of the same chromosome
b) Two different chromosomes
c) Sex chromosomes
d) Any chromosome
Answer: a

Question: The genotype of offspring formed from Tt × tt will be:
a) TT and tt
b) Tt and tt
c) only tt
d) only TT
Answer: b

Question: The maleness of a child is determined by:
a) The X chromosome in the zygote
b) The Y chromosome in the zygote
c) The cytoplasm of the germ cell which determines the sex
d) Sex is determined by chance
Answer: b

Question: A cross between a tall plant (TT) and a short plant (tt) resulted in progeny that were all tall plants as:
a) Tallness is the dominant trait
b) Shortness is the dominant trait
c) Tallness is the recessive trait
d) Height of plant is not governed by gene T or t
Answer: a

Question: Which of the following statement is incorrect?
a) For every hormone there is a gene.
b) For every protein there is a gene.
c) For production of every enzyme there is a gene.
d) For every molecule of fat there is a gene.
Answer: d

Question: Which of the following is not a direct conclusion that can be drawn from Mendel’s experiment?
a) Only one parental trait is expressed.
b) Two copies of each trait are inherited in sexually reproducing organisms.
c) For recessive trait to be expressed, both copies should be identical.
d) Natural selection can alter frequency of an inherited trait.
Answer: d

Question: Name the organ analogous to the wings of birds:
a) Forelimb of human
b) Wings of insect
c) Fore-leg of horse
d) None of the options
Answer: b

Question: A zygote which has an X chromosome inherited from the father will develop into a:
a) Boy
b) Girl
c) X chromosome does not determine the sex of a child
d) Either boy or girl
Answer: b

Question: Guanine pairs with:
a) Adenine
b) Cytokine
c) Thymine
d) None of the options
Answer: b

Question: Which one is a possible progeny in F2 generation of pure bred tall plant with round seed and dwarf plant with wrinkled seeds?
a) Tall plant with round seeds
b) Tall plant with wrinkled seeds
c) Dwarf plant with round seed
d) All of the options
Answer: d

Question: Select the incorrect statement:
a) The frequency of certain genes in a population change over several generations resulting in evolution.
b) The reduction in the weight of an organism due to starvation is genetically controlled.
c) Low weight parents can have heavy weight progeny.
d) Traits which are not inherited over generations do not cause evolution.
Answer: b

Question: Select the correct statement:
a) The tendril of a pea plant and the phylloclade of Opuntia are homologous.
b) The tendril of a pea plant and the phylloclade of Opuntia are analogous.
c) The wings of birds and the limbs of lizards are analogous.
d) The wings of bird and the wings of bats are homologous.
Answer: a

Question: A basket of vegetables contains carrot, potato, radish and tomato. Which of them represent the correct homologous structures?
a) Carrot and potato
b) Carrot and tomato
c) Radish and carrot
d) Radish and potato
Answer: c

Question: Mendel’s law of segregation is based on separation of alleles during:
a) Gamete formation
b) Seed formation
c) Pollination
d) Embryonic development
Answer: a

Question: Sudden inheritable change is called:
a) Recombination
b) Mutation
c) Natural selection
d) Segregation
Answer: b

Question: Which of the following is heterozygous?
a) TTRR
b) ttrr
c) TT
d) Tt
Answer: d

Question: Two pink coloured flowers on crossing resulted in 1 red, 2 pink and 1 white flower progeny. The nature of the cross will be:
a) Double fertilization
b) Self pollination
c) Cross fertilization
d) No fertilization
Answer: c

Question: The idea of “Survival of the fittest” was given by:
a) Darwin
b) Herbert Spencer
c) Germplasm RNA
d) Somatic DNA
Answer: a

Question: In human males, all the chromosomes are paired perfectly except one. This/these unpaired chromosome is/are:
a) (i) and (ii)
b) (iii) only
c) (iii) and (iv)
d) (ii) and (iv)
Answer: c

Question: If a round, green-seeded pea plant (RRyy) is crossed with wrinkled, yellow-seeded pea plant (rrYY), the seeds produced in F1 generation are:
a) Round and yellow
b) Round and green
c) Wrinkled and green
d) Wrinkled and yellow
Answer: a

Question: According to the evolutionary theory, formation of a new species is generally due to:
a) Sudden creation by nature
b) Accumulation of variations over several generations
c) Clones formed during asexual reproduction
d) Movement of individuals from one habitat to another
Answer: b

Question: A trait in an organism is influenced by:
a) Paternal DNA only
b) Maternal DNA only
c) Both maternal and paternal DNA
d) Neither paternal nor maternal DNA
Answer: c

Question: When one gene pair hides the effect of the other unit, this phenomenon is referred as:
a) Dominance
b) Mutation
c) Epistasis
d) None of the options
Answer: c

Question: In peas, a pure tall plant (TT) is crossed with a pure short plant (tt). The ratio of pure tall plants to pure short plants in F2 generation will be:
a) 1 : 3
b) 3 : 1
c) 1 : 1
d) 2 : 1
Answer: c

Question: An experiment to prove that organic compounds were the basis of life was performed by:
a) Oparin
b) Miller
c) Melvin
d) Fox
Answer: b

Question: The number of pair(s) of sex chromosomes in the zygote of humans is:
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four
Answer: a

Question: If the fossil of an organism is found in the deeper layers of earth, then we can predict that:
a) The extinction of the organism occurred recently.
b) The extinction of the organism occurred thousands of years ago.
c) The fossil position in the layers of Earth is not related to its time of extinction.
d) The time of extinction cannot be determined.
Answer: b

Question: Select the group which shares the maximum number of common characters:
a) Two individuals of a species
b) Two species of a genus
c) Two genera of a family
d) Two genera of two families
Answer: a

Question: Some dinosaurs had feathers although they could not fly, but birds have feathers that help them to fly. In the context of evolution this means that:
a) Reptiles have evolved from birds
b) There is no evolutionary connection between reptiles and birds
c) Feathers are homologous structures in both the organisms
d) Birds have evolved from reptiles
Answer: a

Question: Select the statements that describe the characteristics of genes:
(i) Genes are specific sequence of bases in a DNA molecule.
(ii) A gene does not code for proteins.
(iii) In individuals of a given species, a specific gene is located on a particular chromosome.
(iv) Each chromosome has only one gene.
a) (i) and (ii)
b) (i) and (iii)
c) (i) and (iv)
d) (iii) and (iv)
Answer: b

Fill in the Blanks :

Question: The first organisms were ……………. and not autotrophs.
Answer: heterotrophs

Question: Forelimbs of frog and lizard are the example of the ……………. organs.
Answer: homologous

Question: The study of fossils, a branch of biology called ……….. was founded by Goerges Cuiver.
Answer: paleontology

Question: The age of fossil is usually determined by analysing the ………… present in the rock from which fossil is recovered.
Answer: radioactive materials

Question: According to modern concept, Mendel’s factor is called a …………..
Answer: gene

Question: The phenotypic ratio in dihybrid cross is ……………..
Answer: 9 : 3 : 3 : 1

Question: Two types of nucleic acids are DNA and ……………. .
Answer: RNA

Question: The traits which express themselves in F1 generation are called ……………
Answer: dominant

True / False :

Question: A cross between a true tall and pure dwarf pea plant resulted in production of all tall plants because tallness is the dominant trait.
Answer: True

Question: New species may be formed if DNA undergoes significant changes or chromosome number changes in the gametes.
Answer: True

Question: Both the parents contribute DNA equally to the offspring.
Answer: True

Question: Charles Darwin discovered the law of independent assortment.
Answer: False

Question: Mouth parts of insects show divergent evolution.
Answer: True

Case study question

In some animals, the temperature at which fertilised eggs are kept determines whether the animal developing in the egg will be male or female. In other animals, such as snails, individuals can change sex, that is sex is not genetically determined. In human beings, sex of individuals is largely genetically determined. All chromosomes in human beings are not paired. We have 22 pairs and one pair of sex chromosomes which is odd and not always a perfect pair.

Question: Which pair of chromosomes are present in Male
a) XX
b) YY
c) XY
d) XXY
Answer: c

Question: Which pair of chromosomes are present in female?
a) XX
b) YY
c) XY
d) XXY
Answer: a

Question: Who is responsible for birth of male child?
a) Father
b) Mother
c) Father only in first pregnancy.
d) Mother only in first pregnancy
Answer: a

Question: How many pairs of chromosomes are called autosomes?
a) 23
b) 22
c) 21
d) 20
Answer: b

Question: Which of the following statement is true?
a) Men have short sized X chromosome
b) Men have one long sized Y chromosome
c) Men have normal sized Y chromosome
d) Men have one short sized Y chromosome
Answer: d