Maharashtra Board Class 4 Maths Part Two Chapter 15 Pictographs PDF Download

Pictographs

Nasreen, Vishal, Viraj, Hema and other students went to the village fair. The fair had a variety of games. The students had a lot of fun. There were different types of shops at the fair, some selling toys, some food and some clothes. Naturally, there was a crowd of children near the toy shops and the food shops.

Paramjeet did not go to the fair. He asked Vishal, 'Which shops were there? How many?' Vishal showed him a table.

Nasreen made the table more attractive using pictures.

Vishal: What do these pictures mean?

Nasreen: One picture stands for one shop. There are three toy shops, so there are three pictures.

Hema: Suppose there are a lot of shops, will you draw as many pictures?

Teacher's Note

Pictographs are pictures that show numbers. We use one picture for one thing or many things. For example, one flower picture can mean 10 flowers at the market.

Exam Trick

Remember: One picture = one number. Always read the scale first. The scale tells you what one picture means.

Points To Remember

Pictographs use pictures to show numbers.
A scale tells you what one picture means.
Pictographs make data easy to understand.
We use pictographs when there are many things to count.

Tai: No. It is not possible to draw so many pictures every time. We pack the mangoes from our orchard, 24 mangoes to a crate. When we count the total number of crates we come to know the number of mangoes we have packed. We can do this with the pictures.

Viraj: In the park in front of my house, there are 40 rose bushes, 20 hibiscus shrubs and 30 periwinkle shrubs. I will make a table to show this, using pictures.

Scale: 1 picture for 10 shrubs

Chairs were brought for a function in the school. Nasreen presented this information in the form of a pictorial chart. However, instead of arranging the pictures vertically, she arranged them horizontally. Let us see what this chart tells us.

Scale: One picture means 10 chairs

In the second row, 8 pictures like this are drawn. It means that there are 8 × 10 = 80 plastic chairs.

A total of 15 pictures like this are drawn, which means there are a total of 15 × 10 = 150 chairs.

Teacher's Note

A pictograph with scale helps us count large numbers easily. In a school, if we count 150 chairs one by one, it takes time. But with a scale of 10 chairs per picture, we can count 15 pictures quickly.

Exam Trick

Always multiply: Number of pictures × Scale = Total number. If there are 8 pictures and scale is 10, then 8 × 10 = 80.

Points To Remember

A scale makes counting easier for large numbers.
Multiply the number of pictures by the scale value.
Pictographs can be arranged up and down or left and right.
Always read the scale before answering questions.

Exercise

Study the tables and answer the questions given below.

(1) People in a town collected aid for the flood-affected. This is its pictorial representation.

Scale: One picture means 20 families

In all, how many families gave help?

What form of help was given by the largest number of families?

What form of aid was given by the least number of families?

(2) This is a chart showing what kind of fuel is used in the kitchen in 160 houses in a village.

Scale: One picture means 10 houses

What kind of fuel is used in most houses?

How many houses use gobar gas?

How many houses use gas?

Teacher's Note

Pictographs help us compare different things easily. In a village, we can see how many families use different fuels by looking at the number of pictures.

Exam Trick

Count the pictures and multiply by the scale. If kerosene has 7 pictures and scale is 10, then 7 × 10 = 70 houses use kerosene.

Points To Remember

Read the scale first before counting pictures.
Multiply number of pictures by scale to get the answer.
Pictographs make comparison of data easy and quick.
One picture can represent many things based on the scale.

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