Maharashtra Board Class 4 Maths Part Two Chapter 14 Division Part 2 PDF Download

Division: Part 2

Word Problems

Divide 56 notebooks equally among 7 students. How many will each get?

Answer: Each one gets 8.

Exercise

Solve the following problems.

1. If the total cost of three compass boxes is ₹90, what is the cost of one compass box?

2. If four kilograms of wheat cost ₹92, what is the cost of one kilogram of wheat?

3. If 31 litres of milk are poured into 4-litre vessels, how many such vessels will be completely filled and how much milk will there be in the partly filled vessel?

4. If 49 seedlings are to be planted in a garden in rows of 7 saplings each, how many such rows will be made?

5. If 40 children stand in 5 equal rows for a drill, how many children will there be in each row?

6. There are 87 beads. How many necklaces of 9 beads each can be made and how many beads will be left over?

Teacher's Note

Division helps us share things equally. For example, if your mother has 12 apples and wants to give them equally to 3 children, each child gets 4 apples.

Exam Trick

Remember: Division is like sharing. If 56 notebooks are shared by 7 students, divide 56 by 7 to get 8 notebooks for each student.

Points to Remember

Division means sharing things equally into groups.
The number we divide is called the dividend.
The number we divide by is called the divisor.
The answer we get is called the quotient.
Sometimes there is a number left over called the remainder.

Dividing A Three-Digit Number By A One-Digit Number

Madhu has three hundred-rupee notes, six ten-rupee notes and nine one-rupee coins totalling ₹369. How should she divide it equally between Neena, Beena and Nagesh?

First let us divide the 3 notes of 100 rupees. 3 ÷ 3 = 1, or, 3 can be divided by 3 once. That means each person gets one note of 100 rupees.

6 ten-rupee notes have to be divided between three people. 6 ÷ 3 = 2, so each person will get 2 notes of 10 rupees or 20 rupees.

9 rupees have to be divided between three people. 9 ÷ 3 = 3. Each person will get 3 rupees.

Each person gets 100 rupees + 20 rupees + 3 rupees = 123 rupees.

This division is shown vertically alongside. The quotient is 123, so each person will receive ₹123.

Exercise

Divide the following.

(1) 4 ÷ 484

(2) 3 ÷ 396

(3) 4 ÷ 448

(4) 2 ÷ 468

Teacher's Note

When dividing money or things into three equal parts, we divide hundreds first, then tens, then ones. This is like how we count money in India - first 100 rupee notes, then 10 rupee notes, then 1 rupee coins.

Exam Trick

Always divide from left to right: hundreds, then tens, then ones. This helps you find the correct answer and avoid mistakes.

Points to Remember

Start dividing from the leftmost digit first.
Divide the hundreds, then tens, then ones.
Write each answer in its correct place.
Check your answer by multiplying quotient by divisor.

Now let us divide 4 notes of 100 rupees, 6 notes of 10 rupees and 5 coins of 1 rupee, totalling ₹465 between 5 people.

In these 465 rupees, there are 4 notes of 100 rupees. 5 can only be taken zero times from 4. This means that no one can get a 100-rupee note. Let us put a 0 in the hundreds place of the quotient.

We change 4 notes of 100 rupees for 10-rupee notes. Those 40 notes and the 6 notes we already have make a total of 46 ten-rupee notes. Let us divide them among 5 people. 5 can be subtracted from 46 a maximum of 9 times. 9 times 5 is 45. So, 46 – 45 = 1, and 1 note of 10 rupees remains.

We change this 10-rupee note for ten 1-rupee coins and add the 5 coins that we already have, making a total of 15 one-rupee coins to divide among 5 people. Thrice 5 is 15. Therefore, we can subtract 5, 3 times.

15 – 15 = 0. The quotient is 93.

When ₹465 are divided among 5 people, each person gets ₹93.

Teacher's Note

Division with remainders is useful in real life. For example, if you have 465 rupees and 5 friends, dividing gives you how much each friend gets and whether there is money left.

Exam Trick

When the first digit cannot be divided, put 0 in that place and move to the next digit. Remember: 5 cannot go into 4, so we write 0 and continue.

Points to Remember

If the divisor is bigger than the first digit, write 0 and move to the next digit.
Combine digits to make a number bigger than the divisor.
Subtract and bring down the next digit.
Continue until all digits are used.

Find: 629 ÷ 3

Divide the hundreds, tens and units in that order by 3. Twice 3 is 6, so 6 can be divided by 3. We write 2 in the hundreds place of the quotient. Now let's bring down 2 tens and divide.

3 can be taken zero times from 2. Therefore, let us write 0 in the tens place of the quotient. 2 – 0 = 2, so 2 tens remain. 20 units from 2 tens and the 9 units we already have make a total of 29 units to be divided by 3. 9 times 3 is 27. 29 – 27 = 2.

Therefore, the quotient is 209 and the remainder is 2.

Exercise

Divide.

(1) 4 ÷ 494

(2) 2 ÷ 815

(3) 3 ÷ 242

(4) 5 ÷ 455

(5) 6 ÷ 578

(6) 8 ÷ 945

(7) 7 ÷ 647

(8) 4 ÷ 908

800 ÷ 2 = How Much?

The dividend is 800 and the divisor is 2. Let us divide 8H by 2; four times 2 is 8, so we write 4 in the hundreds place of the quotient.

8 – 8 = 0. Zero hundreds remain.

Now let us divide zero tens by 4; zero divided by any number is zero. Let us write zero in the tens place of the quotient.

Similarly, zero units divided by 4 is 0. Therefore, let us write 0 in the units place of the quotient. The quotient is 400 and the remainder is zero.

If, while dividing 800 ÷ 2, we do not put zeroes in the tens and units places, the quotient could be written by mistake as 40, or even 4, instead of 400.

Remember: While dividing, in case a number is divided zero times, write the zero in the correct place in the quotient.

Exercise

Divide the following.

(1) 500 ÷ 5

(2) 900 ÷ 6

(3) 120 ÷ 4

Teacher's Note

When we divide 800 by 2, we get 400. It is important to write the zeros in the correct places. In India, this is like counting 4 hundred rupee notes.

Exam Trick

Remember: If nothing can be divided, write 0 in that place. For 800 ÷ 2, we write 4 for hundreds, 0 for tens, and 0 for units to get 400.

Points to Remember

When a digit cannot be divided, write 0 in the quotient.
Always write 0 in the correct place value.
Do not skip the zero or the answer will be wrong.
Zero divided by any number is zero.

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