Maharashtra Board Class 10 English Chapter 3.5 The Alchemy of Nature Solutions

Warming Up:

Chit-Chat:

Question 1. Divide the class into five groups. Discuss in the group the following topics. (One question for each group.)
In simple words: This activity asks students to work in groups and discuss various topics, with each group focusing on one specific question.

🎯 Exam Tip: Group discussions foster critical thinking and collaborative learning, which are important skills in academic and real-life scenarios.

Question (a) Seeds regenerate from another seed.
Answer: Regeneration is the renewal of germplasm accessions by sowing seeds which will possess the same characteristics as the original population.
In simple words: Seeds reproduce new plants that are just like the parent plant, continuing the species.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding regeneration is key to grasping basic biological processes and the continuity of life.

Question (b) Plants and flowers wilt and become one with the other.
Answer: Wilting is the loss of rigidity of non- woody parts of plants if they do not get water to thrive and soil is too dry.
In simple words: Plants wilt when they don't get enough water, causing their soft parts to droop and lose firmness.

🎯 Exam Tip: Knowing the causes of wilting helps in understanding plant hydration and survival mechanisms.

Question (c) Cacti (-Pidgd) thrive in the desert region.
Answer: Cacti (plural of cactus) lack leaves, instead they have spines which help preventing the loss of water and mineral content in the desert plants.
In simple words: Cacti thrive in deserts because their spines reduce water loss, helping them survive in dry conditions.

🎯 Exam Tip: This illustrates adaptation in plants, a crucial concept in environmental biology.

Question (d) Bare nature turns green in spring.
Answer: As temperatures warm and days get longer, forest ecosystem begins the transition from winter to spring.
In simple words: Nature becomes green again in spring as the weather gets warmer and days become longer, leading to new plant growth.

🎯 Exam Tip: This highlights the seasonal changes and their impact on ecosystems, a fundamental geographical and biological concept.

Question (e) Caterpillar turns into butterfly.
Answer: It is truly a fantastic mechanism developed by nature. For a caterpillar to turn into a butterfly, it digests itself using enzymes triggered by hormones. (Each group will present their discussion in front of the class.)
In simple words: A caterpillar transforms into a butterfly through a natural process called metamorphosis, using internal enzymes and hormones to change its body completely.

🎯 Exam Tip: Metamorphosis is a key biological process demonstrating remarkable natural transformation and life cycles.

Question 2. Role of Nature: Discuss in pairs, the role played by nature and complete the web-diagram.
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): एक वेब-डायग्राम जिसमें 'प्रकृति की भूमिका' और 'प्रकृति - सर्वश्रेष्ठ शिक्षक' शीर्षक वाले केंद्रीय वृत्त हैं। इन केंद्रीय वृत्तों से कई खाली बुलबुले निकलते हैं, जो छात्रों को प्रकृति द्वारा निभाई जाने वाली विभिन्न भूमिकाओं और उससे सीखने वाले पाठों को भरने के लिए संकेत देते हैं।
Answer:
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): एक पूर्ण वेब-डायग्राम जिसमें 'प्रकृति - सर्वश्रेष्ठ शिक्षक' शीर्षक वाला एक केंद्रीय बॉक्स है। इससे जुड़े हुए आठ उप-शीर्षक हैं जो प्रकृति की भूमिका का वर्णन करते हैं: 'सिखाता है', 'आदेश देता है', 'प्रेरित करता है', 'पूरा करता है', 'फुसफुसाता है', 'पोषण करता है', 'शांत करता है', और 'प्रेरित करता है'। यह दर्शाता है कि प्रकृति एक शिक्षक के रूप में क्या-क्या करती है।
In simple words: Nature acts as the best teacher, soothing, nurturing, inspiring, fulfilling, whispering, motivating, commanding, and teaching us various lessons.

🎯 Exam Tip: Describing nature's roles helps students appreciate its multi-faceted influence and lessons for life.

Question 3. Look at the following things. Discuss with your friend, what you learn from them.

Question 1. Look at the following things. Discuss with your friend, what you learn from them.
(a) A bee
(b) An eagle
(c) A creeper
(d) The river
(e) Rainfall
(f) Sun
Answer:
(a) A bee - teamwork and hard work
(b) An eagle - a strong vision/far-sightedness
(c) A creeper - perseverance
(d) The river - go with the flow/to face calamities
(e) Rainfall - dedication
(f) Sunlight up the lives of others/to give light and energy to others.
In simple words: We can learn various life lessons from nature, such as teamwork from bees, strong vision from eagles, perseverance from creepers, adaptability from rivers, dedication from rainfall, and selfless giving from the sun.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question assesses your ability to draw life lessons and abstract qualities from observations of nature.

English Workshop:

Question 1. Go through the text again and complete the web that highlights the various features of flower of 'hibiscus' plant. One is done for you.
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): एक वेब-डायग्राम जिसमें 'हिबिस्कस के फूल की विशेषताएँ' शीर्षक वाला एक केंद्रीय बॉक्स है। इससे निकलने वाले चार बक्सों में से एक 'फूल हर पंद्रह दिन में खिलता है' भरा हुआ है, जबकि अन्य तीन खाली हैं, जिन्हें छात्रों को पाठ के अनुसार भरने के लिए कहा गया है।
Answer:
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): एक पूर्ण वेब-डायग्राम जिसमें 'हिबिस्कस के फूल की विशेषताएँ' शीर्षक वाला एक केंद्रीय बॉक्स है। इससे जुड़े हुए चार बक्से हैं जो फूल की विशेषताओं का वर्णन करते हैं: 'शाम को मुरझाना शुरू होता है और उसके बाद पृथ्वी के साथ एक हो जाता है', 'फूल हर पंद्रह दिन में खिलता है', 'केवल एक दिन के लिए पूरी महिमा में रहता है', और 'दिन भर यह सूरज के साथ मुस्कुराता है और हवा के साथ नाचता है'।"
In simple words: The hibiscus flower blooms every fortnight, starts wilting in the evening to become one with the earth, lives in full splendor for only one day, and smiles with the sun while dancing with the wind.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question checks your comprehension of textual details regarding specific natural elements.

Question 2. The writer explains the contrast features of 'water' and 'rock' in the text. Write all the features of both water and rock in the given table:

Question 1. The writer explains the contrast features of 'water' and 'rock' in the text. Write all the features of both water and rock in the given table:

Water	Rock
1.	1.
2.	2.
3.	3.
4.	4.

Answer:

Water	Rock
gentle	hard
command	gives in (humble)
flows over stone (perseverance)	takes the shape that water commands (obedient)

In simple words: Water is gentle, flowing, and commands change, while rock is hard, gives in humbly, and is obedient to water's influence.

🎯 Exam Tip: This table format requires you to identify and contrast specific characteristics mentioned in the text for clear comparison.

Question 3. Impossible itself says 'I M possible'. Do you agree? Justify your answer by citing some examples from the text and some that you have experienced or heard from someone.

Question 1. Impossible itself says 'I M possible'. Do you agree? Justify your answer by citing some examples from the text and some that you have experienced or heard from someone.
Answer: Yes I agree, it is possible to do the most difficult of things, provided we have the will and conviction to do so. We can clearly know this from the passage. The bits of grass, the tree in the winter and the tiny ants, etc. are the examples from the passage.

The example that comes to my mind as justification is that of Sudha Chandran, the dancer. Though her leg was amputated below the knee, with great grit and determination, she restarted dancing and went on to become a famous dancer and actress. This shows that one can do things which seem to be impossible.
In simple words: Yes, I agree that "impossible" can be overcome with strong will, as shown by examples like grass growing through concrete and the dancer Sudha Chandran who achieved success despite a physical challenge.

🎯 Exam Tip: This personal response question requires you to connect textual examples with real-world experiences to form a strong argument.

Question 4. Find synonyms from the text for the following words/phrases.

Question 1. Find synonyms from the text for the following words/phrases.
Answer:
1. a strong feeling of fear or respect - awe
2. to direct authoritatively - command
3. to peer through - peep
4. large and impressively beautiful - majestic
5. easily broken or damaged - delicate
In simple words: Synonyms are words that have similar meanings, like "awe" for strong respect or "delicate" for easily damaged.

🎯 Exam Tip: Building a strong vocabulary by finding synonyms improves your understanding and expression in English.

Question 5. How can you prove this maxim to be incorrect-'Too many cooks spoil the broth.' Write a counterview on the given topic. (clue-teamwork)

Question 1. How can you prove this maxim to be incorrect-'Too many cooks spoil the broth.'
Answer: The maxim says when there are too many people involved in trying to do the same thing, the final result will not be good. But I believe that the teamwork is always good. We all know that unity is strength and it is of great value in every walk of life. If we come together and work, definitely our strength gets increased.

When there are a lot of people working on a project, then that project may not be completed to such a high standard because an individual can work better than many. It is the common perception of the people. But I think if a lot of people are working on a project, every one will use his talent, calibre, strength to take that project to higher level. So it will be completed on time with good standard.

Even when many cooks come together and try to make a single dish with their experience in different fields, it will become fantabulous. One dish will be prepared in variety of taste, colour and with varieties of combination. So it never gets spoiled. So I think the maxim too many cooks spoil the broth, is totally wrong in fact it adds flavour to that dish.
In simple words: This counterview argues that "Too many cooks spoil the broth" is incorrect, instead suggesting that teamwork and diverse skills lead to better outcomes and enriched results, like a dish with multiple flavors.

🎯 Exam Tip: When writing a counterview, present clear arguments and examples that directly challenge the given statement, often by focusing on an opposing concept like teamwork.

Question 6. Make a list of all the words related to the word Ocean:

Question 1. Make a list of all the words related to the word Ocean:
Answer: Fishers, fish, salty, saline water, species, different water, high tide, low tide, pacific, gulf, bay, ships, pirates, piracy, warships, cruisers, oceanic currents.
In simple words: Words related to "Ocean" include all terms associated with marine life, geographical features, and human activities on the sea.

🎯 Exam Tip: This vocabulary exercise tests your ability to brainstorm related terms, expanding your word associations for common nouns.

Question 7. The author has very positively described the different things in nature. Add the special features of each one of them:

Question 1. The author has very positively described the different things in nature. Add the special features of each one of them. Add on the list.

Part of Nature	Special Feature	Value Learnt
1. Water
2. Rainbow
3. Caterpillar
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Answer:

Part of Nature	Special feature	Value learnt
1. Water	It gently flows every day and for years.	Keep on working gently for the well-being of the people.
2. Rainbow	Beauty	Add colours to the surroundings, make all happy.
3. Caterpillar	Sacrifice for creating new life.	Changing (turning) for better results.
4. Hibiscus	one day life.	We should live our life to its fullest.
5. Rocks	Though hard, it does not dominate or offer resistance.	Be humble and stay still and endure unpleasant things without complaining.
6. Grass	Evergreen	There is always an opening even when the things seem to be impossible.
7. Tree	Stands firmly in cold winter.	Wait resolutely in difficult times.
8. Ants	Organized	Teamwork and perseverance are always rewarded.
9. The wind	Flow	Make people happy with your activities and passion.
10. Spider webs	Delicate	Be strong in every situation and difficulty.

In simple words: Nature teaches valuable life lessons through various elements; for instance, water teaches gentle perseverance, a rainbow teaches spreading happiness, and ants teach teamwork and organization.

🎯 Exam Tip: This type of question requires you to analyze text for descriptive details and then infer moral or practical lessons from those descriptions.

Question 8. Your friend has his board exam. He studies for 14 hours a day, sitting at one place. Write a letter to him giving him tips to relax and be stress-free.

Question 1. Your friend has his board exam. He studies for 14 hours a day, sitting at one place. Write a letter to him giving him tips to relax and be stress free.
Answer:Vikas Shinde
16, Malhar Sankul,
Hadapsar,
Pune,
12th Jan., 2021.

Dear Mahesh,

I received a call from aunty telling about your preparations for forthcoming board examinations. I am shocked to hear that you study for 14 to 15 hours a day sitting at one place. I don't understand how do you bear it?

You might have heard about "All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy." It means without time off from work a person becomes both bored and dull. I know the board's exams are around the corner, but if you work as usual with your tension, anxiety and pressure, it is going to be harmful to your health. Our body is not a machine. It needs some rest. It's my advice to you to take some rest after certain intervals. Watch T.V. for sometime, listen to music to refresh your mind, chat with your family members and friends, play with your friends. It will refresh your mind.

Take a break after 2-3 hours and give essential time to your mind and body. It will be good for you. I know you are a scholar and always get good marks in exam. But it doesn't mean that you should ignore your health. Health is wealth. So concentrate on it, too. Hope you will try to understand what I mean to say and follow my tips rigorously.

Convey my regards to uncle and aunt and love to little Riya. Be in touch on mobile.

Your loving friend,
Vikas
In simple words: This letter advises a friend studying excessively for exams to prioritize breaks and relaxation activities like watching TV, listening to music, and spending time with family, emphasizing that health is as important as studies.

🎯 Exam Tip: For letter writing, ensure correct format, clear expression of advice, and a friendly, supportive tone. Focus on persuasive language to convey the importance of well-being.

Question 9. You have an Environment Protection Week to be celebrated in your school. You have invited an environmentalist. You have to interview him/her about how to save environment. Frame about 10-12 questions for the interview.

Question 1. You have an Environment Protection Week to be celebrated in your school. You have invited an environmentalist. You have to interview him/her about how to save environment. Frame about 10-12 questions for the interview.
Answer: Good morning Sir/Madam. Happy to see you here in our school. I welcome you on behalf of our school.

1. Will you please tell us about your work in this field?
2. Were you really interested in this field from the beginning?
3. As an environmentalist, when did you start your work? What exactly do you do?
4. What do you think about diminishing percentage of trees and forest?
5. What is your 'end of the world prediction', If we don't keep global temperature below 1.5°C?
6. What do you think the Government should do?
7. What will you tell the people who do not believe in widely discussed climate change?
8. Being a citizen of our country, what do you expect from every citizen about this intense problem?
9. If there's one thing that everyone could do today to help protect the environment, what would that be?
10. What advice would you give to young generation at this moment?
In simple words: These are interview questions for an environmentalist, designed to understand their work, views on environmental issues like deforestation and climate change, and advice for citizens and the younger generation on protecting the environment.

🎯 Exam Tip: When framing interview questions, ensure they are open-ended, cover a range of relevant topics, and encourage detailed responses from the expert.

Question 10. Write a news report on 'Environment Day' celebrated in your school.

Question 1. Write a news report on 'Environment Day' celebrated in your school.
Answer: Environment Day Celebrations

Nagpur, June 7: 'World Environment Day' was celebrated in New Era School with great funfare on June 5. The main purpose of the celebration was to spread awareness among people and students about the need to protect the environment and the ways to do it.

The day was flagged off by a tree plantation drive in the locality. 300 quick-growing trees, which do not need much water on a daily basis, were planted near the school compound wall and in the surrounding area. An eminent environmentalist, Mr. A. T. Ali, spoke on the ways to protect the environment. He also judged the 'Posters and Photographs' exhibition organized by the school students and gave away prizes for the best entries.

Environment-friendly articles, like disposable plates and cups made from bamboo and banana stem, bags made from leaf wastes, etc. were on sale. Students gave continuous power-point presentations on the threats to the environment. Last but not the least, was the spirited debate on the topic. 'Man: The worst enemy of the Environment'.
In simple words: This news report describes the celebration of 'World Environment Day' at New Era School, featuring a tree plantation drive, environmentalist's speech, exhibitions, sale of eco-friendly products, presentations, and a debate, all aimed at raising environmental awareness.

🎯 Exam Tip: A news report should include a clear headline, dateline, and cover the 5 W's (Who, What, When, Where, Why) and How, presenting facts objectively.

Question 11. Develop a story with the given ending. Give a suitable title and moral.

Question 1. Develop a story with the given ending. Give a suitable title and moral.
Answer:Save trees, save earth
...and so, Aditi decided to plant more trees.

It was the world earth day celebration in Aditi's school. Aditi was attending it with a least interest as she was not interested in listening to such a boring subject from anybody. She was sitting forcefully for the guest's lecture with her friends.

The chief guest, who was a renowned environmentalist started with a good slogan based on the earth and emphasised that the earth is the only known planet in this universe where we get all the necessary requisites of life, but the healthy survival is possible for years and years only when we take care and love our earth. Aditi suddenly became curious and started listening with apt attention.

He continued saying "because of the advancement in the life style, industrialization and deforestation; the condition of the earth is deteriorating day by day. It is being full of pollution, global warming and greenhouse gases. There is an urgent need to save our earth because it is the planet where we live. We need to do nothing more in order to maintain the greenery of the earth.

We just need to plant more trees, grow them well, to reduce the pollution level, to maintain the temperature level and to save our mother planet. We should understand our responsibility towards our mother earth and the future of the next generations. As they would not survive on this earth if there will not be a clean and natural climate."

Aditi realised it and thought a lot and decided to take a positive step very seriously to save the earth. She thought seriously over the solution and that was planting more and more trees. She decided to create awareness among the people as well. She told everyone...

Save earth; save life
No earth... No life
No earth, No birth
Plant trees, Save mother earth

She understood that there will be no human beings on this earth if there will be no trees. If we have to save our lives, we have to plant more and more trees. So, Aditi decided to plant many trees after listening to that effective lecture of the chief, guest.
In simple words: This story describes Aditi's transformation from an uninterested student to an environmental advocate after hearing a lecture about saving Earth, leading her to decide to plant more trees and spread awareness.

🎯 Exam Tip: A good story includes a clear plot, character development, and integrates the given ending smoothly, along with a suitable title and a moral message.

Just For Laughs!

Question 1. Divide the class into two groups : On 12 to 15 slips of paper, Group A writes 12 to 15 conditional clauses beginning with 'if'. (For example: If I work hard, I shall have a pizza. (Group B write 12 to 15 main clauses) Now one student from Group 'A' reads the first conditional clause (possibility) and one student from Group 'B' reads the first main clause. It forms crazy sentences, just for laughter and fun. Enjoy.
Answer:

Group 'A'	Group 'B'
1. If I read a book,	my mother will shout at me.
2. If I do not study hard,	I will become the chief minister.
3. If you do not come to school,	teacher will come to your home.
4. If she gets a new mobile	she will run away from her home.
5. If the boys get freedom in the class,	they will keep silence in the class.

In simple words: This activity combines conditional clauses from one group with main clauses from another to create humorous and unexpected sentences, practicing grammar in a fun way.

🎯 Exam Tip: This activity reinforces understanding of conditional sentences while encouraging creativity and lighthearted interaction in the classroom.

Language Study

Question 1. Match the pairs of antonyms:

Words	Antonym
1. gentle	(a) possible
2. impossible	(b) small
3. colossal	(c) strong
4. short	(d) easy
5. difficult	(e) hard
6. delicate	(f) long

Answer:
1. gentle - hard
2. impossible - possible
3. colossal - small
4. short - long
5. difficult - easy
6. delicate - strong
In simple words: Antonyms are words with opposite meanings, like "gentle" is opposite to "hard" or "impossible" is opposite to "possible".

🎯 Exam Tip: Mastering antonyms enhances vocabulary and comprehension, allowing for more precise language use.

Question 2. Complete the table:

Noun	Verb	Adjective	Adverb
1.		strong
2. passion	X
3.	change		X
4.			organizedly

Answer:

Noun	Verb	Adjectives	Adverb
strongness, strength	strengthen	strong	strongly
passion	X	passionate	passionately
change	change	changeable	X
organization	organize	organizational	organizationally

In simple words: This table shows how words can change form (noun, verb, adjective, adverb) while retaining a related meaning, helping to build a comprehensive vocabulary.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding word forms (parts of speech) is crucial for correct grammar and diverse sentence construction.

Live English

Be A Netizen

 

Question (a) Read the extract and underline the words which suggest that emails are fast, cheap and an easy communication tool.

Answer: Email stands for electronic mail. Slowly and gradually email has replaced the old postal mails or snail mails. Having an email address is like having a postal address in a global village of internet. If you do not have one, you do not exist in today’s virtual world.
The reasons for popularity of emails are many. Emails can be achieved, saved, retrieved. Email is eco-friendly as people rarely take printouts of the mails. The main reason is its ease of access as anybody can access it on phone at the cost of cheap internet, anytime, anywhere.
Email writing is easy but it’s different from writing text messages. Text message is informal and rapid sharing of thoughts between two acquaintances. Emails are written and read by professionals, however, both arrive in inbox.
Like a citizen has his own home address, let’s sign up for the email and be a netizen. There are many free email service providers like Google, Yahoo, Outlook, Rediff, icloud, etc.
In simple words: Emails are a fast, cheap, and easy communication tool, replacing traditional mail. They are eco-friendly, accessible from anywhere, and widely used for personal and professional communication.

🎯 Exam Tip: When identifying keywords, look for descriptive adjectives and phrases directly related to the question's criteria (fast, cheap, easy communication).

 

Question (b) Follow these five simple steps to write an effective email. Click Compose to start writing email.

Answer: Steps for Writing a Formal E-Mail:
1. Begin with a greeting.
Example: ‘Dear Sunil", "Dear Sir/Madam"
2. Thank the recipient.
If you are replying, say Thank you for contacting", If you got a reply, say Thank you for your prompt reply"
3. State your purpose.
For new email, begin by saying "I am writing in reference to.."
4. Add your closing remarks.
Example: Thank You for...", I look forward to hearing from you."
5. End with a closing.
Example: "Best Regards, Sincerely, Thanks and Regards etc.,”
In simple words: To write a formal email, start with a greeting, thank the recipient, clearly state your purpose, add closing remarks, and end with a formal closing.

🎯 Exam Tip: Structure your formal email according to established conventions to ensure clarity and professionalism. Pay attention to subject lines and salutations for scoring.

 

Question 1. Steps for sending an email:
1. Write proper mail ID in 'To'
2. Use a short and accurate 'subject' line.
3. Click 'Send' button to send the email.

Answer: 1. Log in to your gmail account so that you are on the dashboard (main page) of your mail account.
2. Click 'Compose'.
3. A new blank email window will open up in the 'To' box, type in the email address of the recipient.
4. Write the 'Subject'.
5. Type your message in the main body field of your email.
6. Click the 'Send' button at the bottom of the composed window.
7. You will receive a message i.e. 'Sent mail'.
In simple words: Sending an email involves logging in, composing a new message, entering the recipient's email, subject, message body, and then clicking send.

🎯 Exam Tip: Detail each step clearly and sequentially, from logging in to receiving confirmation, to demonstrate full understanding of the process.

 

Question (c) Read the following sample email formats and prepare your own. Sample Email formats

Answer:
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह ईमेल रचना के एक उदाहरण को दर्शाता है, जिसमें 'New Era Book Publication' को पुस्तकों के ऑर्डर के लिए 'Ideal High School, Sangli' से एक ईमेल भेजा गया है। इसमें प्रेषक (librarian) और प्राप्तकर्ता के विवरण, विषय, और पुस्तकों की सूची (जैसे 'Five Stories from Shakespeare', 'Adventures of Tom Sawyer') उनकी मात्रा और लेखक के साथ स्पष्ट रूप से दिखाए गए हैं। इसमें भुगतान और डिलीवरी के निर्देशों का भी उल्लेख है।
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह ईमेल एक प्रतिक्रिया का उदाहरण है जहाँ 'New Era Publication' से 'Ideal High School' को उनके पुस्तकों के ऑर्डर की पुष्टि करते हुए एक ईमेल भेजा गया है। इसमें बैंक खाता विवरण शामिल हैं जहाँ भुगतान किया जाना है, और यह भी बताया गया है कि भुगतान प्राप्त होने पर पुस्तकें तुरंत भेज दी जाएंगी।
In simple words: The task requires understanding email structure from provided examples and then creating a new email based on that format.

🎯 Exam Tip: When creating your own email, ensure it follows a logical flow, includes all necessary details (To, Subject, Body, Closing), and maintains a formal tone if applicable.

 

My English Coursebook 10th Digest Chapter 3.5 The Alchemy Of Nature Additional Important Questions And Answers

Simple Factual Activities:

 

Question 1. Complete the following web: (Answers are directly given.)

Answer:
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह एक वेब-डायग्राम है जो "Role of Nature" को "Nature - the best teacher" के रूप में दर्शाता है। यह दिखाता है कि प्रकृति कैसे 'सिखाती है', 'शांति देती है', 'कमांड करती है', 'पोषती है', 'प्रेरित करती है', 'फुसफुसाती है' और 'पूरा करती है', साथ ही 'हमारी आत्मा को आराम देती और बढ़ाती है'।

Role of Nature		Nature - the best teacher
soothes and nurtures	relaxes and enhances our spirit	fulfils and motivates	whispers and commands

In simple words: Nature acts as the best teacher, soothing, nurturing, teaching, commanding, motivating, inspiring, whispering, and fulfilling, while also relaxing and enhancing our spirit.

🎯 Exam Tip: For web diagrams, ensure all connecting ideas are distinct and accurately reflect the central theme, providing a comprehensive overview.

 

Question 2. State whether the following are True or False:

Answer: 1. On the rocky beach the writer found rocks curved and sculpted by the water - True
2. When we listen to the Nature, it leaves us in complete awe. - True
3. We should not live our life to its fullest. - False
4. The water was shaped by the rocks. - False
In simple words: The statements evaluate understanding of nature's impact, confirming that rocks are shaped by water, nature inspires awe, we should live life fully, and water shapes rocks.

🎯 Exam Tip: Read each statement carefully and cross-reference with the text to accurately determine its truth value. Pay attention to nuances in wording.

 

Question 3. Choose the correct alternatives and complete the following sentences : (Answers are directly given and underlined.)

Answer: 1. In the cold winter month, the tree was bare of all leaves.
(a) full
(b) withdrew
(c) bare
(d) short
2. We find innumerable stars in the infinite sky.
(a) clouds
(b) crowds
(c) stars
(d) moons.
3. There is always an opening even in impossible things.
(a) opening
(b) closing
(c) enjoying
(d) singing
4. Water without hint of ego, changes its form according to the dictates of the sun and the wind.
(a) the earth
(b) the sun
(c) the moon
(d) the horizon.
In simple words: This question tests vocabulary and comprehension from the text, requiring selection of the correct word to complete sentences about nature's phenomena like trees in winter, stars, possibilities, and water's adaptable nature.

🎯 Exam Tip: For multiple-choice questions, eliminate incorrect options first. Confirm your choice by re-reading the completed sentence in context of the original text.

 

Question 4. State who/what:

Answer: 1. Colours the entire sky. - Rainbow
2. Takes new shapes with every passing moment, - Clouds
3. Makes trees dance. - The wind
4. Changes its form according to the dictates of the sun and the wind. - Water
In simple words: This question asks to identify the natural elements responsible for coloring the sky, changing shapes, making trees dance, and adapting form based on external forces.

🎯 Exam Tip: Directly link the descriptive phrase to the specific natural element from the text. Precision in identification is key for full marks.

 

Question 5. State whether you Agree or Disagree with the following statements:

Answer: 1. 'There is always an opening even in impossible things'-we learn it from small bits of grass. - Agree
2. Our difficult time never changes. - Disagree
3. The team work and perseverance of the ants were impressive. - Agree
4. Clouds take new shapes with every passing moment. - Agree
In simple words: The statements assess agreement or disagreement with lessons learned from nature, such as hope from grass, the impermanence of difficult times, the value of teamwork from ants, and the changing forms of clouds.

🎯 Exam Tip: Justify your 'Agree' or 'Disagree' stance based on specific examples or themes presented in the provided text. A clear understanding of the message is essential.

 

Complex Factual Activities:

 

Question 1. Complete the following sentences: (Answer is directly given.)

Answer: 1. Hibiscus flower smiles with the sun and dances with the wind.
2. 'However short our life is, we should live to its fullest' is the lesson we learn from the hibiscus plant.
3. The rock on the beach was curved, sculpted and shaped.
4. The poet William Blake tells us to hold infinity in the palm of our hand and eternity in an hour.
In simple words: These sentences complete facts from the text about the hibiscus flower's lifespan, the shaping of rocks, and a quote by William Blake regarding infinity and eternity.

🎯 Exam Tip: Ensure your completed sentences are verbatim extractions or direct paraphrases from the text, maintaining accuracy and context.

 

Question 2. Complete the following web: (Answers are directly given.)

Answer:
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह एक वेब-डायग्राम है जो बताता है कि हम प्रकृति के रसायन विज्ञान का अनुभव कब करते हैं। केंद्रीय विचार "We experience the alchemy of nature when" है, और यह दो उदाहरणों से जुड़ा है: "we see a caterpillar turn into a butterfly" और "a flower turn into a fruit."

We experience the alchemy of nature when
we see a caterpillar turn into a butterfly.	a flower turn into a fruit.

In simple words: We experience nature's transformative power, or "alchemy," when observing processes like a caterpillar becoming a butterfly or a flower developing into fruit.

🎯 Exam Tip: When completing web diagrams, make sure the connecting ideas are concise and directly illustrate the central concept, as seen in the examples provided.

 

Question 3. Who teaches us that hard times do not 1 last forever? How?

Answer: Bits of grass peeping through small cracks in concrete pavement and the green leaves on a tree in spring teach us that hard times do not last forever.
The grass is destroyed by the concrete but comes to life again. The tree is bare all through the cold winter months, but when the spring sets in, it is full of leaves, regaining its green majesty.
In simple words: Nature teaches us that difficult times pass, exemplified by grass pushing through concrete and trees regaining leaves after winter, showing resilience and renewal.

🎯 Exam Tip: To answer 'how' questions, provide specific examples from the text that illustrate the principle, ensuring your explanation is clear and directly supported.

 

Question 4. What are the alchemies of nature mentioned in the extract?

Answer: The alchemies of nature mentioned in the extract are-
1. Grass peeps through small cracks of a concrete pavement.
2. A rainbow colours the entire sky.
3. Oysters take in a grain of sand they open up with a pearl.
4. Innumerable stars shine across the infinite sky.
5. The wind makes trees dance with unhindered passion.
6. A caterpillar turns into a butterfly.
In simple words: Nature's alchemies include grass growing through concrete, rainbows, pearls forming in oysters, shining stars, dancing trees, and caterpillars transforming into butterflies.

🎯 Exam Tip: List each "alchemy" clearly and concisely as a separate point, ensuring all examples from the text are included for a complete answer.

 

Activities Based On Vocabulary:

 

Question 1. Match the pairs of antonyms.

Answer: 1. remember × forget
2. persist × quit
In simple words: This question tests antonyms, matching 'remember' with 'forget' and 'persist' with 'quit'.

🎯 Exam Tip: For antonym questions, focus on words with opposite meanings. Practice with common word pairs to improve your vocabulary.

 

Question 2. Find out synonyms from the text for the following words/phrases:

Answer: 1. mysterious power - alchemy
2. drag with great efforts - lugging
In simple words: This question asks for synonyms, where 'mysterious power' relates to 'alchemy' and 'drag with great efforts' relates to 'lugging'.

🎯 Exam Tip: When finding synonyms, consider the context in which the original word is used in the text to ensure the chosen synonym fits precisely.

 

Question 3. Frame meaningful sentences by using the given words:
1. impressive
2. passion

Answer: 1.The show put up by the street children was really impressive.
2. One could see the passion and emotion in the artist's work.
In simple words: This task involves creating sentences that correctly use the words 'impressive' and 'passion' to demonstrate their meaning in context.

🎯 Exam Tip: Construct sentences that clearly and naturally integrate the given vocabulary words, showcasing your understanding of their usage.

 

Question 4. Find from the passage the antonyms of:

Answer: 1. weak x strong
2. easy x difficult
3. hot x cold
4. unimpressive × impressive
In simple words: This question requires identifying antonyms from the text for given words, such as 'weak' with 'strong' and 'easy' with 'difficult'.

🎯 Exam Tip: Scan the passage for words that directly contrast with the given terms. A broad vocabulary and contextual understanding are helpful.

 

Activities Based On Contextual Grammar:

 

Question 1. Frame Wh-questions to get the underlined parts as answers:

 

Question 1. The flower comes to life only for a day.

Answer: How long does the flower come to life?
In simple words: To frame a Wh-question, identify the underlined information ('only for a day') and use the appropriate Wh-word ('How long') to ask about it.

🎯 Exam Tip: When framing Wh-questions, ensure the question directly targets the underlined part of the sentence, and the rest of the sentence structure remains grammatically correct.

 

Question 2. We saw the spread of the majestic ocean.

Answer: What did we see of the majestic ocean?
In simple words: To form a Wh-question, identify the underlined phrase ('the spread') and replace it with 'What' to ask for that specific information.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use "What" to ask about things or actions, "Who" for people, "When" for time, "Where" for place, and "Why" for reasons. Choose the most fitting Wh-word.

 

Use 'not only..........but also'.

 

Question 1. Outdoor activities enhance and relax our well-being.

Answer: Outdoor activities not only enhance but also relax our well-being.
In simple words: This involves combining two related actions using 'not only... but also...' to emphasize both benefits of outdoor activities.

🎯 Exam Tip: The 'not only... but also...' construction emphasizes two equally important points. Ensure grammatical parallelism when using this structure.

 

Question 2. Nature whispers and commands.

Answer: Nature not only whispers but also commands.
In simple words: This rephrases the statement to highlight both the whispering and commanding aspects of nature using the correlative conjunction 'not only... but also'.

🎯 Exam Tip: Apply the 'not only... but also...' construction to sentences with two verbs or adjectives, maintaining the original meaning while adding emphasis.

 

Personal Response:

 

Question 1. Explain the line 'Nature whispers and commands.

Answer: Nature is continually enticing us to spend time in her embrace; through the calling of birds, the babbling of brooks and streams, the fragrance of flowers and the whispers of trees as the wind blows through their branches. It commands us not to go against it otherwise it will curse us.
In simple words: 'Nature whispers' refers to its gentle invitations through sounds and beauty, while 'commands' suggests its undeniable power and the consequences of disregarding its laws.

🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining a poetic line, interpret both the literal and figurative meanings. Provide examples from nature to support your interpretation.

 

Question 2. The rock is hard but is it dominating? Give reason for your answer.

Answer: Even though the rock is hard, it is not dominating. I think water is stronger than rocks. It wears down the hard rock by its gentle patience, persistence and perseverance. Rock takes the shape that water commands. It shows that it is not dominating like water whereas it is ready to accept any change.
In simple words: Despite being hard, a rock is not dominating as water, through its persistent flow, can wear it down and shape it, demonstrating water's subtle strength and rock's adaptability.

🎯 Exam Tip: Support your personal response with a clear argument and specific examples, such as the interaction between water and rock, to strengthen your justification.

 

Question 3. How can learning from nature help human beings?

Answer: 1. Limitless sky with trillions of galaxies reminds us how insignificant we humans are in this vast universe.
2. Water always flows from high to low in the same way knowledge should be transferred from the learned to ignorant.
3. Trees provide shade selflessly to everyone, we should be selfless in our life too.
4. Nature does not hurry; yet everything is accomplished.
5. Trees stand deeply rooted in the ground even though seasons change. We should face any difficulty in our life with patience.
In simple words: Learning from nature teaches humility from the vastness of the sky, the flow of knowledge like water, selflessness from trees, patience in achievement, and resilience in facing life's difficulties.

🎯 Exam Tip: When listing ways nature helps, provide diverse examples and link each natural phenomenon to a specific life lesson or human virtue for a comprehensive answer.

 

Question 4. 'Nature is our best teacher' - Explain. OR According to the writer we learn many things from the nature. Do you agree with this sentence? Support your answer.

Answer: Nature is a great teacher. No wonder our ancestors used to look up to nature to understand about life itself. The things like the sun, moon, trees, rivers, etc. all were treated as divine beings. We learn a lot from them and they teach us a lot about how to live happy life. Divinity exists in all aspects of life. When we are aware of ourselves, we become aware of God in everything big or small. We then learn to live life well and become complete. So Nature is always treated as our best teacher.
In simple words: Nature serves as our best teacher, offering profound lessons on living a happy and complete life through observations of elements like the sun, moon, trees, and rivers, revealing the divinity in all aspects of existence.

🎯 Exam Tip: To support your agreement, elaborate on several specific examples of nature's teachings and connect them to human life lessons, demonstrating deep understanding.

 

Do As Directed:

 

Question 1. Complete the words by using correct letters:
1. da_ce
2. sh_pe
3. fru_t
4. bi_ds

Answer: 1. dance
2. shape
3. fruit
4. birds
In simple words: This activity requires completing common words by filling in the missing letters, such as 'dance', 'shape', 'fruit', and 'birds'.

🎯 Exam Tip: When completing words, consider common spellings and letter patterns. Read the partial word aloud to help identify the missing letter based on pronunciation.

 

Question 2. Put the words in alphabetical order:
1. splendour, colossal, alchemy, frail
2. consistent, caterpillar, command, complete.

Answer: 1. alchemy, colossal, frail, splendour.
2. caterpillar, command, complete, consistent
In simple words: This task involves arranging two sets of words into correct alphabetical order, demonstrating vocabulary and organizational skills.

🎯 Exam Tip: For alphabetical order, compare words letter by letter. If the first letters are the same, move to the second, and so on, until a different letter is found.

 

Question 3. Punctuate the following sentences :
1. I asked my teachers why is he working outside
2. he asked me is the world so poor that it cannot give me a toy and a book, instead of forcing me to take a gun or a tool

Answer: 1. I asked my teachers, "Why is he working outside?"
2. He asked me, “Is the world so poor that it cannot give me a toy and a book, instead of forcing me to take a gun or a tool?"
In simple words: This exercise requires adding correct punctuation, including commas, quotation marks, and question marks, to two sentences to make them grammatically sound.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay close attention to direct speech, question marks, and commas before quotation marks when punctuating sentences. Ensure proper capitalization for beginnings of sentences and quoted speech.

 

Question 4. Make four words each (minimum 3 letters) using the letters in the given word: "perseverance"

Answer: 1. reserve
2. presence
3. peer
4. seven
In simple words: This task involves forming at least four new words, each with a minimum of three letters, using only the letters available in the word "perseverance".

🎯 Exam Tip: When forming words from a given string, break down the letters and try different combinations. Look for prefixes, suffixes, and common shorter words embedded within the longer word.

 

Question 5. Write related words as shown in the example: (Answers are directly given and underlined.)

Answer:
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह एक वेब-डायग्राम है जो "Nature" से संबंधित क्रियाओं को दर्शाता है। केंद्रीय शब्द "Nature" से जुड़े हुए हैं "fulfils", "soothes", "nurtures", "commands", और "protects", जो प्रकृति की विभिन्न भूमिकाओं और कार्यों को उजागर करते हैं।

fulfils	soothes
Nature
nurtures	commands
protects

In simple words: This task requires identifying words related to "Nature" that describe its various actions and attributes, such as fulfilling, soothing, nurturing, commanding, and protecting.

🎯 Exam Tip: For word association tasks, brainstorm words that describe the core concept from different angles (e.g., actions, qualities, effects) to create a comprehensive list.

 

Question 6. Complete the word-chain of 'Nouns'. Add four words, each beginning with the last letter of the previous word: Pavement, - t.........., , ..........

Answer: Pavement, - treasure, editor, roughness, sheep.
In simple words: This involves extending a noun word-chain by adding four nouns, each starting with the last letter of the preceding word.

🎯 Exam Tip: Ensure each new word is a noun and begins with the exact last letter of the previous word in the chain to maintain continuity and accuracy.

 

Question 1. Attempt anyone:

 

Question (a) Make a meaningful sentence by using the phrase: 'in full splendour'

Answer: The morning sun appeared in the sky, in its full splendour.
In simple words: This task is to create a sentence that correctly uses the phrase 'in full splendour' to describe something grand or magnificent.

🎯 Exam Tip: Choose a context that allows the phrase 'in full splendour' to describe something grand or magnificent, clearly conveying its meaning.

 

OR

 

Question (b) Add a clause to expand the following sentence meaningfully: we saw a small tree

Answer: We saw a small tree which was full of flowers and fruits.
In simple words: This task requires adding a descriptive clause to the given simple sentence, providing more detail about the small tree.

🎯 Exam Tip: When adding a clause, ensure it grammatically connects to the main sentence and adds relevant, meaningful information, often using relative pronouns like 'which' or 'that'.

 

Question 2. Attempt anyone:

 

Question (a) Add prefix or suffix to make new words.
1. continue
2. pleasant

Answer: 1. discontinue, continuous
2. unpleasant, pleasantly
In simple words: This task involves creating new words by adding appropriate prefixes or suffixes to 'continue' and 'pleasant'.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand common prefixes (dis-, un-) and suffixes (-ous, -ly) and how they change word meaning or part of speech to accurately form new words.

 

OR

 

Question (b) Make a meaningful sentence using any one of the following words:
1. continue
2. pleasant

Answer: 1. This exhibition will continue till the end of this month.
2. The pleasant atmosphere in the morning attracts many birds.
In simple words: This task requires constructing meaningful sentences using either 'continue' or 'pleasant' to demonstrate understanding of their usage.

🎯 Exam Tip: Choose the word you are most confident with and construct a clear, grammatically correct sentence that showcases the word's meaning effectively.

 

Question 3. Do as directed: We saw an army of ants. (Choose the correct sentence of passive voice.)
(a) An army of ants was seen by us.
(b) An army of ants were seen by us
(c) An army of ants is seen by us.
(d) An army of ants are seen by us.

Answer: (a) An army of ants was seen by us.
In simple words: To convert to passive voice, the object of the active sentence ('an army of ants') becomes the subject, followed by 'was seen' (past tense passive verb), and the original subject ('we') becomes 'by us'.

🎯 Exam Tip: When converting to passive voice, remember the structure: Object (of active) + 'to be' verb (matching tense) + Past Participle + 'by' + Subject (of active).

 

Question 4. We touch it. (Rewrite the sentence in 'Past Perfect Tense.)

Answer: We had touched it.
In simple words: To change a sentence to past perfect tense, use 'had' followed by the past participle of the main verb ('touched').

🎯 Exam Tip: The past perfect tense is formed with 'had' + past participle. It describes an action completed before another past action or a specific point in the past.

 

Question 5. Identify the tenses:

Answer: 1. We saw an army of ants - Simple Past Tense
2. We experience the alchemy of nature - Simple Present Tense
3. It will not remain so for ever - Simple Future Tense
4. Ants were lugging a fly. - Past Continuous Tense
In simple words: This task requires identifying the tense of each given sentence by analyzing the verb forms used.

🎯 Exam Tip: To identify tenses, look for auxiliary verbs (e.g., 'will', 'was', 'were') and the form of the main verb (e.g., base, -ing, past participle).

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