Maharashtra Board Class 10 English Chapter 2.5 Book Review Swami and Friends Solutions

Warming Up!

Chit-Chat:

1. Form groups of 3 to 4 and share the following with your groups.

• Your favourite book
• Type of book (short stories/biography/thriller/adventure science fiction/historical) etc.
• Author/Writer
• Main character
• Background (Time and place)
• Problem/dilemma
• Any special message

2. You have recently read a short story/novel/drama/science fiction/ghost-story. Write in short 3 of its strong points that made you like the book and 2 or 3 drawbacks it has. Fill them up in the tree - diagram given.

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह एक ट्री-डायग्राम है जिसमें एक पुस्तक की समीक्षा के लिए विभिन्न बिंदुओं को भरना है। केंद्रीय भाग में "Name of the book (Author/Writer)" है, जिसके बाईं ओर "Strengths (1) (2) (3)" और दाईं ओर "Weaknesses (1) (2) (3)" के लिए शाखाएँ हैं। सबसे नीचे "Rating (1 to 5)" है, जहाँ रेटिंग स्केल को सितारों (★ Poor से ★★★★★ Excellent) का उपयोग करके दर्शाया गया है। यह छात्रों को एक किताब की खूबियों और खामियों का मूल्यांकन करने में मदद करता है।

Question 1. You have recently read a short story/novel/drama/science fiction/ghost-story. Write in short 3 of its strong points that made you like the book and 2 or 3 drawbacks it has. Fill them up in the tree - diagram given.
Answer:

Gulliver's Travels by Jonathan Swift
Strength	Weaknesses
(1) Absorbingly interesting imaginative story	(1) Too much exaggerated descriptions
(2) Easy to read, simple, lucid and humorous style of writing	(2) Has little literary values
(3) Everlasting source of amusement learning, wit and wisdom	(3) Only for fun and entertainment

Rating ★★★
In simple words: This answer provides a sample review of 'Gulliver's Travels,' listing three strengths like its imaginative story and humorous writing, and three weaknesses such as exaggerated descriptions and limited literary value, concluding with a three-star rating.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked to review a book, always remember to include specific examples for both strengths and weaknesses to justify your rating. This demonstrates comprehensive understanding and critical thinking.

3. Determiners are words that modify a noun or noun phrase and occur before them in a sentence. Determiners provide a context to the noun they precede.
They may be:
• Articles - a, an, the
• Demonstratives - this, that, these, those, which etc.
• Possessives - my, your, our, their, liLs, her etc. my friend's, her mother's etc.
• Quantifiers - few, many, much, more, every, each, some etc.
• Numerals - one, four, hundred, first, fourth, hundredth

Question 1. Determiners are words that modify a noun or noun phrase and occur before them in a sentence. Determiners provide a context to the noun they precede.
Answer: They may be:
• Articles - a, an, the
• Demonstratives - this, that, these, those, which etc.
• Possessives - my, your, our, their, liLs, her etc. my friend's, her mother's etc.
• Quantifiers - few, many, much, more, every, each, some etc.
• Numerals - one, four, hundred, first, fourth, hundredth
In simple words: Determiners are words placed before nouns to specify, quantify, or introduce them, giving more information about the noun's context in a sentence.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding determiners is crucial for sentence structure and clarity. Practice identifying different types (articles, demonstratives, possessives, quantifiers, numerals) to master their usage in writing.

4. Underline only Determiners in the following.

Question 1. Underline only Determiners in the following.
1. My brother bought a few magazines.
2. What is your friend's naine?
3. Which writer was also the President of our country?
4. These are some toys.
5. These toys are new.
6. That doctor is an expert dentist and he has many patients.
Answer:
1. My brother bought a few magazines.
2. What is your friend's naine?
3. Which writer was also the President of our country?
4. These are some toys.
5. These toys are new.
6. That doctor is an expert dentist and he has many patients.
In simple words: This exercise helps identify determiners like 'my', 'few', 'your', 'which', 'the', 'our', 'these', 'some', 'that', 'an', and 'many', which clarify or modify the nouns they precede.

🎯 Exam Tip: For underlining tasks, carefully read each sentence and locate words that specify quantity, possession, or identity before a noun. Pay attention to common determiners like articles (a, an, the) and demonstratives (this, that, these, those).

English Workshop:

1. Refer to the story 'The Boy who Broke the Bank' (Lesson 2.2.) by Ruskin Bond. Read it carefully and write a review of the same, referring the points given on Coursebook page 71 in mind.
(a) Name of Story and Writer/Author
(b) Type of story
(c) Background and setting (Time and Place)
(d) Main characters
(e) Problem faced
(f) Language used
(g) What you liked about the story
(h) What you did not like about it
(i) Your general opinion of the story

Question 1. Refer to the story 'The Boy who Broke the Bank' (Lesson 2.2.) by Ruskin Bond. Read it carefully and write a review of the same, referring the points given on Coursebook page 71 in mind.
Answer: Review of the story - The Boy who Broke the Bank
The story 'The Boy who Broke the Bank' is a very interesting and informative story written by Ruskin Bond, an eminent Indian author of British descent. It is a realistic social story full of wit and humour.
The main characters in the story are Nathu-the sweeper, Sitaram-the washerman's son, Mrs Srivastava, Mrs Bhushan and Mr Bhushan, Kamal Kishore, the owner of the photographic shop, Deep Chand, the barber and an elderly gentleman and Ganpat, the begger.
The story is about the Pipalnagar Bank owned by Seth Govind Ram and the people of Pipalnagar. It begins at the steps of the Pipalnagar Bank when Nathu, the sweeper boy was sweeping the steps. He was irritated and decided to leave the job because he had not received his pay for the month. He told this to Sitaram, his friend and a washerman's son. While delivering the clothes Sitaram told Nathu's story to Mrs Srivastava who also needed a sweeper. She, when met her friend Mrs Bhushan in bazaar, told her that the Bank is not able to pay the poor sweeper's salary. Then from Mrs Bhushan to her husband, then to Deep Chand, to the barber and elderly gentleman, the news took different turns and twists and reached people to tell them that the Pipalnagar Bank has gone bankrupt. The rumour created havoc in Pipalnagar. The news went from one man to another and from one place to another and spread over the whole bazaar and among all the customers of the Bank. Crash of the Pipalnagar Bank set everyone talking and speculating and rushing about in a frenzy. Many different rumours spread, moods of people aggravated and chaos was beyond control and it led to violence. The author has described and connected every incident in simple, easy language and depicted how a news spreads like wild fire without people going to the root of the fact. He has used satirical style for emphasising the effects of rumours. The incidents of the elderly gentleman in the barber's shop and the fake beggar's (Ganpat's) running at top speed, split our sides with laughter. liked the humour in the story and the tactful narration of the incidents to raise the awareness ' among the public about the rumours and their effects. According to my opinion it is a good read for a common man. It gives a good message to all.
In simple words: This review highlights how a small rumor about a sweeper's unpaid salary escalates into chaos, leading to a bank run due to the rapid spread of misinformation in Pipalnagar, all depicted with wit and satire by Ruskin Bond.

🎯 Exam Tip: When writing a book review, ensure you cover key aspects like plot summary, character analysis, author's style, themes, and your personal opinion, supporting your points with details from the story.

2. Look inside your thinking hat. Read the evidence/sentences given below and offer a possible explanation of what happened in this house? Make up some questions to gather more information. Now collect all your evidence and write a story in your notebook. Give a suitable title.

Question 1. Look inside your thinking hat. Read the evidence/sentences given below and offer a possible explanation of what happened in this house? Make up some questions to gather more information. Now collect all your evidences and write a story in your notebook. Give a suitable title.

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह एक विचार मानचित्र है जिसमें "What comes to mind, when you hear the word 'mischievous'?" केंद्रीय प्रश्न है। इसके चारों ओर चार बक्से हैं जो सबूत और संभावित व्याख्याएँ दिखाते हैं: "There were children's foot-prints in the kitchen.", "the kitchen was messy with", "The children were planning", और "Mother found empty jars of"। प्रत्येक बक्से में जानकारी भरने के लिए रिक्त स्थान हैं जो बच्चों की शरारती हरकतों को समझने में मदद करते हैं।

Answer:

"There were children's foot-prints in the kitchen." (a) may be they were playing tricks (b) may be they were eating snacks
the kitchen was messy with (a) plates, glasses scattered (b) garbage, leftovers	What comes to mind, when you hear the word 'mischievous'? (a) naughty (b) playing tricks (c) trouble others (d) break or damage something	The children were planning (a) to enjoy freedom (b) prepare tasty food of their liking
Mother found empty jars of (a) laddoos (b) chivda

The Tiny Gang who robbed our kitchen!
My parents and I were leaving to Panvel to see one of our near relatives who was ill. Before leaving we warned my younger brother Chintu who was ten years old. We told him to stay with our uncle who was staying in the same building of ours on the ground floor and to have food with uncle in their house. We asked Chintu to keep the key to himself carefully and not to leave uncle's room until we returned. He happily agreed. We returned from Panvel late in the evening. Mother took the key from Chintu, went up and opened the lock. Mother put on the light and hurriedly went to the kitchen. She shouted loudly. I ran to her. Both of us were awfully shocked to see the kitchen in a messy state. Plates, glasses, pans, bowls and other utensils were scattered everywhere. The whole kitchen was untidy and dirty. Some gram flour and peels of boiled potatoes were scattered all over. We were panic-stricken. We thought that some thief must have entered our house to try our luck. We called Chintu but he said he was at uncle's house all the time. First we began to clear the mess. Mother lifted some tins and jars lying there and to her surprise the laddoos and chivda kept in them had vanished, gone! Who could it be and what the thieves must have taken away. But all other cupboards were intact. When I examined the kitchen I found some children's footprints in the scattered flour. In a flash I got it and deduced that it was the handiwork of the children, including Chintu. I instantly remembered that when we were leaving for Panvel, Chintu and some friends of his age were sitting in a space near the staircase, whispering something as if in secret. They were planning the day's work. I called all those mischievous, naughty children including Chintu before father. When father gave them harsh scolding and beating, they blurted out everything. The truth was revealed. In the noon when elderly persons were taking their naps, these boys entered our house, had a lot of fun, emptied the jars of laddoos and chivda and more than that they tried their hand on preparing Potato vadas on their own and hence they used gram flour and potatoes, but did not care to clean the mess. I should have been there to taste their Potato vadas!
In simple words: This story explains how children, left unsupervised, caused a mess in the kitchen while trying to cook and eat snacks, leading to a humorous reveal after their parents initially suspected a theft.

🎯 Exam Tip: When constructing a narrative from evidence, ensure a logical flow of events, introduce characters effectively, and build up to a clear resolution. Use descriptive language to bring the story to life.

3. Identify the new words and phrases which seem to be important, in the review. Try to guess their meaning from the context. You can use a dictionary to confirm it. Fifi up the table.

Question 1. Identify the new words and phrases which seem to be important, in the review. Try to guess their meaning from the context. You can use a dictionary to confirm it. Fifi up the table.
Answer: (Note: Students should do this project on their own and present it in the class.)
In simple words: This task requires students to find new words or phrases from the review, understand their meaning from the surrounding text, and then organize this information into a table, including synonyms, antonyms, word class, other forms, and translations.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked to identify important words, look for terms that are key to the theme, descriptive language, or words you don't immediately recognize. Contextual clues are vital for guessing meanings before confirming with a dictionary.

4. (A) Find from the lesson the Noun forms of:

Question 1. Find from the lesson the Noun forms of
(a) happen
(b) true
(c) simple
(d) conclude
Answer:
(a) happen - happening
(b) true - truth
(c) simple - simplicity.
(d) conclude - conclusion
In simple words: This exercise focuses on identifying the noun forms of given verbs and adjectives, such as 'happening' from 'happen' and 'truth' from 'true'.

🎯 Exam Tip: To find noun forms, consider common suffixes like -ing, -ness, -ity, and -sion. Understanding word families can help you derive the correct noun for a given word.

(B) Find Verb forms of:

Question 1. Find Verb forms of :
(a) hatred
(b) thought
(c) meaning
(d) improvement
(e) description
(f) attribution
Answer:
(a) hatred - hate
(b) thought - think
(c) meaning - mean
(d) improvement - improve
(e) description - describe
(f) attribution - attribute
In simple words: This task requires converting given nouns or past tense verbs back into their base verb forms, like 'hate' from 'hatred' or 'think' from 'thought'.

🎯 Exam Tip: When converting words to their verb forms, think about the action described by the word. Many verbs can be recognized by their root form, and some nouns are directly derived from verbs.

(C) Find Adjective forms of:

Question 1. Find Adjective forms of:
(a) talk
(b) interest
(c) purity
(d) technique
(e) literature
Answer:
(a) talk - talkative
(b) interest - interesting
(c) purity - pure
(d) technique - technical
(e) literature - literary
In simple words: This exercise involves finding the adjective forms of given nouns or verbs, such as changing 'talk' to 'talkative' or 'purity' to 'pure'.

🎯 Exam Tip: To identify adjective forms, look for common adjective suffixes like -ive, -ing, -ous, -al, -ful, or -y. Think about what word describes a characteristic of the noun.

Tips For Reading For A Review (Guidelines)

Skimming - (While you read for a review you should know -
(a) What is the title/text/content?
(b) What exactly is to be read? (Selectivity)
(c) What support/related resources/references/help is to be generated or found?
(d) What will you search to get complete details/associated ideas?
(e) Use technology if required (web. e-books. gazettes) to correlate the content that is read.

scanning - We might use scanning to -
(a) Look up for meanings of related words/phrases/novel ideas.
(b) Find exact associations or inter - relationship of words.
(c) Check perfection in the start and finish time, while reading.
(d) identify the exact sequence of ideas and occurence of events.
(e) Use technology if required (web, e-books, gazettes) to correlate the content that is read.

Project - (A Book Review)

Write a complete review on any book that you have recently read. Use the points for your Book Review.

Question 1. Write a complete review on any book that you have recently read. Use the points for your Book Review.
(a) Introduction
(b) Selectivity of contents
(c) Subject/Title Apporpriacy
(d) Sequence of Contents
(e) Language Appropriacy/Type
(f) Good Points/Novelty in the book.
(g) Advantages/Scope of the book. (if any)
(h) Demerits/Shortcomings (if any)
(i) Message/Opinion/Views (Personal)
(j) Conclusion (in short)
Answer: Book: 'Gulliver's Travels'
Recently I read the book 'Gulliver's Travels' by Jonathan Swift. It describes the strange and unique adventures, escapades and experiences of captain Lemuel Gulliver. I found it very interesting book. Out of four parts of the book first two - his voyage to Lilliput and the voyage to Brobdingnag are very amusing, funny and imaginative. But the other two parts are not that pleasant. In Lilliput, people were six inch tall and they treated Gulliver as a 'man-mountain'. In Brobdingnag people were sixty-feet high and Gulliver was just a pigmy before them. Many fearful as well as funny incidents hold us spell-bound. Though it has no big literary values or it does not preach you any moral values, it is a must read book for amusement. The book written in a simple, lucid and humorous style, is easy to read for entertainment. It is everlasting source of amusement and instruction, laughter and learning, wit and wisdom. It has become one of the finest of fairy tales.
In simple words: This review of 'Gulliver's Travels' praises its imaginative first two parts for amusement and wit, despite acknowledging its lack of deep literary or moral values, highlighting its easy-to-read style.

🎯 Exam Tip: When preparing a book review, systematically address each point provided in the guidelines to ensure a thorough and well-structured response that covers all required analytical aspects.

My English Coursebook 10th Digest Chapter 2.5 Book Review - Swami and Friends Additional Important Questions and Answers

Read The Following Passage And Do The Activities:

Simple Factual Activity:

Question 1. State whether you Agree or Disagree with the following statements:
1. Swami is a close-mouthed little kid.
2. Swami hated Mathematics worse.
3. No event or parts of the story are mentioned in this book review.
4. Mischievousness was the most striking quality of 10-year-old Swami.
Answer:
1. Disagree
2. Agree
3. Agree
4. Agree
In simple words: This question asks students to determine the accuracy of statements about Swami, revealing that he is not close-mouthed, dislikes mathematics, and is characterized by his mischievous nature.

🎯 Exam Tip: For agree/disagree or true/false questions, carefully recall specific details from the text. A single key phrase or event can often confirm or refute a statement directly.

Question 2. State whether the following statements are True or False:
1. The book is filled with heavy grammar and difficult technical words.
2. The book circles round the mischief of the kids in a view of the kid.
3. R. K. Narayan's 'Swami and Friends' is a good read for the kids and teens alike.
4. Mischievous kids are not as sensitive as other people.
Answer:
1. The book is filled with heavy grammar and difficult technical words. - False
2. The book circles round the mischief of the kids in a view of the kid. - True
3. R. K. Narayan's 'Swami and Friends' is a good read for the kids and teens alike. - True
4. Mischievous kids are not as sensitive as other people. - False
In simple words: This exercise clarifies that 'Swami and Friends' is written in simple language, focuses on children's mischief, is suitable for young readers, and debunks the myth that mischievous children lack sensitivity.

🎯 Exam Tip: When evaluating True/False statements, focus on the core claim of each sentence. Even if part of a statement is true, the entire statement is false if any part is incorrect according to the text.

Question 3. Say whether the following statements are True or False:
1. The author of 'Swami and Friends' is Ruskin Bond.
2. This book is a good read only for kids.
3. The author has written this book I to capture the spirit of the mind and life of a teenage kid.

 

Question 3.Say whether the following statements are True or False: 1. The author of 'Swami and Friends' is Ruskin Bond. 2. This book is a good read only for kids. 3. The author has written this book I to capture the spirit of the mind and life of a teenage kid. 4. The Mahabharata' is a great Indian Epic.

Answer:
1. The author of 'Swami and Friends' is Ruskin Bond. - False
2. This book is a good read only for kids. - False
3. The author has written this book I to capture the spirit of the mind and life of a teenage kid. - True
4. The Mahabharata' is a great Indian Epic. - True
In simple words: This question tests your factual recall regarding the author of 'Swami and Friends' and the target audience for the book, as well as general knowledge about the Mahabharata.

🎯 Exam Tip: Accuracy in stating True/False and justification, if required, is key for scoring. For literary works, knowing the author and key characteristics is fundamental.

Complex Factual Activities:

 

Question 1.Describe Swami's characteristics in 3-4 sentences.

Answer: Swami is a mischievous and talkative little kid of about 10 years old. He cannot stay at one place. He hates going to school, hates Mathematics even worse. School is a frightening and unpleasant experience for him. He always gets into trouble and a good beating from his father. All he wants to do is play under the sun, kick something, climb a tree break or damage something and harass (trouble) somebody. This is a typical life of the kid.
In simple words: Swami is a restless, mischievous 10-year-old boy who dislikes school, particularly math, and prefers playing and getting into trouble over studying. His life is characterized by typical childhood escapades and minor conflicts with authority.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing characters, use vivid adjectives and provide specific examples of their behavior or traits to support your description.

 

Question 2.Complete the following sentences that tell you about author Narayan's magic:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)

Answer:
(a) Narayan gets deeply into the working of Swami's ten-year-old mind.
(b) Explains in pleasing manner how Swami thinks.
(c) He too explains what is his perspective of the world is.
(d) The reader feels like Swami and gets attached with the character.
In simple words: R.K. Narayan's writing style effectively delves into Swami's young mind, explaining his thoughts and worldview in a captivating way that makes readers connect with the character.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identifying key phrases that highlight an author's unique style or skill in character development is crucial for literary analysis questions.

 

Question 3.Complete the web

Answer:
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह एक वेब आरेख है जो R. K. नारायण की लेखन शैली और भाषा की विशेषताओं को दर्शाता है जैसा कि एक समीक्षा में वर्णित है। केंद्रीय बिंदु 'R. K. Narayan's style and language described in the review -' है। इससे दो शाखाएँ निकलती हैं जो बताती हैं कि 'The book has no heavy grammar or difficult words' और 'It has great literary values'. केंद्रीय बिंदु से नीचे की ओर दो अन्य शाखाएँ निकलती हैं जो दर्शाती हैं कि 'English used in the book is both plain and simple without troubling words.' और 'The simple and short sentences used by author adds to the simplicity of the book.'।
In simple words: The diagram illustrates R. K. Narayan's writing style, emphasizing that his books, like 'Swami and Friends', use simple language and short sentences, making them easy to read and appreciate for their literary value.

🎯 Exam Tip: For web or mind map questions, accurately capturing the main idea and all branching points is essential. The visual structure helps organize related concepts.

 

Question 4.Why some parents may be worried about the description of a mischievous ten-year-old boy in the book? What does the reviewer say about it?

Answer: Some parents may be worried about the description of a mischievous ten-year-old boy because they think, that might influence their already mischievous children. But the reviewer reassures them that the book describes the mischief of the kids in a view of the kid which is harmlessand pure.
Also amidst all the mischief and naughtiness, we actually find that Swami is a loving and tender kid who is really very sensitive. And it is a known fact that mischievous kids are most sensitive and loving people of all. So this is the message that the description conveys to all of us.
In simple words: Parents might worry the portrayal of a mischievous boy could negatively influence their own children, but the reviewer explains that Swami's mischief is harmless and highlights his underlying sensitive and loving nature, conveying a positive message.

🎯 Exam Tip: Address all parts of the question. Here, both the parents' concern and the reviewer's counter-argument/explanation are required for a complete answer.

 

Question 5.Complete the following web:
(Answer is directly given.)

Answer:
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह एक वेब आरेख है जो पुस्तक 'स्वामी एंड फ्रेंड्स' पढ़ने के दो फायदों को सूचीबद्ध करता है। केंद्रीय शीर्षक है 'Two advantages of reading the book 'Swami and Friends''. इससे दो तीर निकलते हैं जो दो अलग-अलग बक्सों की ओर इशारा करते हैं: पहला बक्सा कहता है '(1) The book is a good read for children of all ages and just enjoy reading it.' और दूसरा बक्सा कहता है '(2) You can improve your English by reading this book.'।
In simple words: This diagram highlights two benefits of reading 'Swami and Friends': it's an enjoyable read for all children, and it can help improve English language skills.

🎯 Exam Tip: When completing web diagrams, ensure all connections are logical and the information accurately reflects the relationships between concepts, maintaining clarity and conciseness.

 

Question 6.What information do you get from the passage about R. K. Narayan's literary works from this passage?

Answer: R. K. Narayan has produced many of the outstanding literary works India has ever produced. Apart from 'Swami and Friends' other great works by Narayan include 'Malgudi Days', 'The Guide', 'The Painter Signs' and many more literary works such as the shortened Modern Prose Versions of the Indian Epics 'The Ramayana' and 'The Mahabharata'.
In simple words: R. K. Narayan is a prolific Indian author known for many outstanding literary works, including 'Malgudi Days', 'The Guide', 'The Painter Signs', and prose versions of 'The Ramayana' and 'The Mahabharata', in addition to 'Swami and Friends'.

🎯 Exam Tip: Listing specific titles and categories of works demonstrates a thorough understanding of the author's contributions as presented in the text.

Activities based on Vocabulary:

 

Question 1.Underline the odd man:
(Answers are directly given and underlined.)

Answer:
1. mentioning, happenings, everything, facing
2. mischievous, truth, talkative, typical
3. give, mention, stay, life
4. constantly, absolutely, lovely, deeply
In simple words: This exercise requires identifying the word that does not fit with the others in each group, based on its grammatical category or meaning.

🎯 Exam Tip: For "odd man out" questions, analyze the part of speech (noun, verb, adjective, adverb) and semantic field of each word to find the outlier.

 

Question 2.Find the following from the passage:
1. Adjective forms of: mischief
2. Noun forms of: naughty
3. Verb forms of: imagination, loving

Answer:
1. mischief - mischievous
2. naughty - naughtiness
3. imagination - imagine, loving - love
In simple words: This task focuses on identifying the correct adjective, noun, or verb forms derived from given root words, demonstrating an understanding of word families.

🎯 Exam Tip: Be precise with word forms; a small change in spelling or suffix can alter the word's part of speech. Practice common prefixes and suffixes.

 

Question 3.Write from the passage the words related to 'study':

Answer: book, literary values, literature, grammar, read, text, subject, technical words, English, genius, sentences.
In simple words: This question asks for a list of words from the text that are associated with the concept of 'study' or academic learning.

🎯 Exam Tip: When extracting related words, scan the passage for terms that share a common thematic link, ensuring they are directly present in the given text.

 

Question 4.Find the following from the passage:
1. Noun forms of: rule
2. Verb forms of: inclusion
3. Adjective forms of: Britain

Answer:
1. rule - rule/ruling
2. inclusion - include
3. Britain - British
In simple words: This task requires identifying the noun, verb, or adjective forms for the given words as they appear or can be derived from the passage.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to how words change their form when converting between different parts of speech (e.g., noun to verb, verb to adjective), and ensure the chosen forms are contextually relevant if drawn from a passage.

 

Question 5.Find the adjectives for the following from the passage:
1. authors
2. works
3. rule
4. Prose
5. Epic

Answer:
1. the greatest authors
2. literary works
3. British ruling
4. modern prose
5. Indian Epic
In simple words: This exercise requires finding adjectives from the passage that correctly modify the given nouns.

🎯 Exam Tip: Look for words that describe or qualify the given nouns within the passage. The adjective should directly precede or relate to the noun in its context.

Activities based on Contextual Grammar:

Frame Wh-questions to get the underlined parts as answers:

 

Question 1.Narayan gets deeply into the working of Swami's mind.

Answer: How does Narayan get into working of Swami's mind?
In simple words: The goal is to construct a 'Wh-' question whose answer would be the underlined part of the original sentence.

🎯 Exam Tip: To frame a Wh-question, identify the part to be questioned (e.g., manner, person, place) and choose the appropriate Wh-word, then invert the subject and auxiliary verb if necessary.

 

Question 2.That's the magic of Narayan.

Answer: Whose magic is that?
In simple words: Formulate a 'Wh-' question that prompts the underlined phrase as its response.

🎯 Exam Tip: For possessives, 'Whose' is the most direct Wh-word to use to obtain the owner or source as the answer.

Find the error and rewrite the corrected sentences:

 

Question 1.Swami think that's his way of living life.

Answer: Swami thinks that's his way of living life.
In simple words: The error is in subject-verb agreement; 'Swami' (singular) requires 'thinks' (singular verb form).

🎯 Exam Tip: Always check subject-verb agreement, especially with third-person singular subjects, which require an '-s' or '-es' ending on the verb in the simple present tense.

 

Question 2.Swami is an mischievous little kid.

Answer: Swami is a mischievous little kid.
In simple words: The error is in the article usage; 'mischievous' starts with a consonant sound, so 'a' should be used instead of 'an'.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember to use 'a' before words starting with a consonant sound and 'an' before words starting with a vowel sound, not just vowel letters.

 

Question 3.Technology isn't big in kids life.

Answer: Technology isn't big in a kid's life.
In simple words: The error is in the possessive form; 'kids life' should be 'a kid's life' to show possession for a single kid.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use the apostrophe 's' ( 's ) to show possession for singular nouns (kid's) and an apostrophe after the 's' ( s' ) for plural nouns ending in 's' (kids').

 

Question 4.All they wants is to play havoc!

Answer: All they want is to play havoc!
In simple words: The error is in subject-verb agreement; 'they' (plural) requires 'want' (plural verb form).

🎯 Exam Tip: Ensure that the verb agrees with the subject in number. 'They' is a plural pronoun, so the plural verb 'want' is appropriate.

Add question tags:

 

Question 1.This does not mean that the book is filled with heavy Grammar.

Answer: This does not mean that the book is filled with heavy grammar, does this?
In simple words: To add a question tag, identify the auxiliary verb and its polarity in the main sentence, then use the opposite polarity with the subject pronoun.

🎯 Exam Tip: If the main clause is negative, the question tag is positive. The tense of the tag verb matches the main verb, and the pronoun matches the subject.

 

Question 2.R. K. Narayan does a great job conveying that to all of us.

Answer: R. K. Narayan does a great job conveying that to all of us, doesn't he?
In simple words: For a positive statement using 'does', the question tag will be negative ('doesn't') and refer to the subject 'R. K. Narayan' with the pronoun 'he'.

🎯 Exam Tip: When the main clause is positive, the question tag is negative. Use 'do/does/did' in the tag if there's no auxiliary verb in the main clause, matching the subject and tense.

Do as directed:

 

Question 1.The use of simple and short sentences adds to the simplicity of the book
(Rewrite the sentence using 'not only ... but also')

Answer: The use of not only simple but also short sentences adds to the simplicity of the book.
In simple words: This involves combining two related ideas using the correlative conjunction 'not only... but also' to emphasize both aspects.

🎯 Exam Tip: When using 'not only... but also', ensure parallel structure between the phrases that follow each part of the conjunction.

 

Question 2.It is also known fact
(Complete the sentence by adding one more clause.)

Answer: It is also known fact that small children yield to temptations.
In simple words: This task requires adding a suitable dependent clause to complete the given incomplete sentence, making it grammatically sound and meaningful.

🎯 Exam Tip: When adding a clause, ensure it logically follows the existing phrase and creates a grammatically correct and coherent sentence, often using 'that' to introduce the noun clause.

Complete the following sentences adding one more clause:

 

Question a.It can be said

Answer: It can be said that you will find that atmosphere very pleasant.
In simple words: This involves completing the phrase "It can be said" with a relevant and grammatically correct clause.

🎯 Exam Tip: When completing sentences, ensure the added clause forms a coherent thought and maintains the appropriate tense and subject for the context.

 

Question b.Take a look at the exhibition

Answer: Take a look at the exhibition if you are interested in watching good photographs.
In simple words: The task is to extend the given imperative sentence with a clause that provides a condition or reason for the action.

🎯 Exam Tip: An 'if' clause or a 'because' clause are common and effective ways to add context or conditions to an imperative sentence.

Do as directed:

 

Question 1.The author is one of the greatest authors of all the time.
(Change the sentence into positive degree.)

Answer: Very few (Not many) authors of all the time are so (as) great as him. (the author).
In simple words: To change a superlative sentence to a positive degree, rephrase it to show that few others are as great as the subject.

🎯 Exam Tip: When converting degrees of comparison, remember to use "as...as" for positive degree comparisons and adjust the subject and verb for proper agreement.

 

Question 2.R. K. Narayan is responsible for many of the outstanding literary works.
(Frame a Wh-question to get the underlined as answer.)

Answer: What is R. K. Narayan responsible for?
In simple words: Create a 'Wh-' question that makes the underlined portion of the original sentence the direct answer.

🎯 Exam Tip: To frame a Wh-question, identify the specific information the underlined part provides (e.g., what, who, where, when, why) and construct the question accordingly.

Personal Response:

 

Question 1.Do you think, that even today most of our kids like to live the life Swami was living?

Answer: Yes, I definitely think so. It is the natural instinct of most of the kids to play, to make fun, to play mischiefs and enjoy the life like Swami. They try to avoid going to school under some pretext and dislike to learn some particular subjects. They are often get beaten for their naughtiness, mistakes and their mischievous deeds. They do anything that comes to their mind, unintentionally.
In simple words: Yes, many kids today still exhibit Swami's playful, mischievous nature, often avoiding schoolwork in favor of fun, reflecting a timeless aspect of childhood.

🎯 Exam Tip: For personal response questions, clearly state your opinion and provide relevant justifications or examples, linking them back to the prompt.

 

Question 2.What difference do you find between the children of Swami's days and today's children?

Answer: I don't think there is any peculiar difference between the children of Swami's days and today's children. Children all over the world and of all the times are the same. The only difference between them, according to me, is that many of today's children keep themselves busy in mobiles, other gadgets and mobile games instead of playing in open space.
In simple words: Fundamentally, children's nature remains the same across generations; the primary difference now is their engagement with digital devices instead of traditional outdoor play.

🎯 Exam Tip: When comparing past and present, identify core similarities and then pinpoint specific, impactful differences, using concise language.

 

Question 3.Which magazine for children do you like the most?Why?

Answer: I like the magazine 'Tin-Tin' the most. I ike it because it provides all kinds of literature the children like. It gives fairy tales, mythological stories, historical stories, jokes and vivid information related to every field of children's life. It also gives cartoons for the kids in view of the kids which are harmless and pure. It is a priceless gift for me, every month.
In simple words: 'Tin-Tin' is my favorite children's magazine because it offers a wide variety of engaging content, including fairy tales, myths, history, jokes, and cartoons, providing harmless entertainment and educational value.

🎯 Exam Tip: In personal choice questions, clearly state your preference and provide specific reasons or features that make it appealing to you.

Activities based on Language Studies:

(A) Do as directed:

 

Question 1.Complete the words by using correct letters:
1. pr_se
2. pla_e
3. cl_mb
4.m_gic

Answer:
1. prose
2. place
3. climb
4. magic
In simple words: This task involves filling in the missing letters to complete common English words correctly.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use context clues and common spelling patterns to accurately determine the missing letters in incomplete words.

 

Question 2.Put the following words in alphabetical order:
1. outstanding, author, prose, modern
2. conclusion, capture, can, children

Answer:
1. author, modern, outstanding, prose
2. can, capture, children, conclusion
In simple words: Arrange the given sets of words in the correct alphabetical sequence.

🎯 Exam Tip: When alphabetizing, compare words letter by letter from left to right. If the first letters are the same, move to the second, and so on.

 

Question 3.Punctuate the following sentences:
1. he said it will be a difficult task,
2. "how s that?” said nathu. “Havent you heard.

Answer:
1. He said, "It will be a difficult task."
2. "How's that?” said Nathu. "Haven't you heard?"
In simple words: This task requires applying correct punctuation rules, including capitalization, quotation marks, commas, and end punctuation.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay close attention to direct speech (quotation marks, commas), capitalization at the start of sentences and proper nouns, and appropriate end punctuation (periods, question marks, exclamation marks).

 

Question 4.Make four words each (minimum 3 letters each) using the letters in the word 'scattering':

Answer: catering, sing, ring, caring
In simple words: Form four new words, each with at least three letters, using only the letters available in 'scattering'.

🎯 Exam Tip: Systematically look for smaller words within the larger word. Common letter combinations and suffixes/prefixes can help identify potential words.

 

Question 5.Write related words as shown in the example:
(Answers are directly given and underlines.)

Answer:
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह एक शब्द वेब (mind map) आरेख है जहाँ केंद्रीय शब्द 'sentence' है। इस केंद्रीय शब्द से जुड़े अन्य शब्द 'difficult', 'complete', 'incorrect', 'meaningful' और 'long' हैं। यह आरेख दर्शाता है कि एक वाक्य को इन विभिन्न विशेषताओं से कैसे वर्णित किया जा सकता है।
In simple words: The diagram is a word web centered around "sentence," with related descriptive words branching out, such as "difficult," "complete," "incorrect," "meaningful," and "long."

🎯 Exam Tip: For word web questions, ensure all connected words accurately describe or relate to the central concept, reflecting its various aspects.

 

Question 6.Complete the word-chain of verbs. Add four words, each beginning with the last letter of the previous word:
Lead ->

Answer: Lead - deal - leave - eat - tell.
In simple words: Extend the given word chain by adding four verbs, where each new verb starts with the last letter of the preceding one.

🎯 Exam Tip: Ensure that each added word is indeed a verb and that its first letter correctly matches the last letter of the word before it in the chain.

(B) Do as directed:

 

Question 1.1. Attempt anyone:
a. Make your own meaningful sentence using the phrase 'take a glance'.
b. Add a clause to expand the sentence meaningfully:
Swami is a kid ..............................

Answer: a. The officer took a glance through the report submitted by his assistant.
b. Swami is a kid who cannot stay at one place.
In simple words: This question requires constructing a sentence using a given phrase and expanding another sentence with a suitable clause.

🎯 Exam Tip: For sentence construction, ensure correct grammar and natural phrasing. For clause addition, the clause must logically connect and provide meaningful expansion to the main sentence.

 

Question 2.2. Attempt anyone:
a. Add a prefix or suffix to make new words.
1. complete
2. justice
b. Make a meaningful sentence using any one of the following words:
1. complete
2. justice

Answer: a.
1. completion
2. injustice
b.
1. I have to complete my work by tomorrow.
2. The employees were protesting against the owner to get justice.
In simple words: This task involves forming new words by adding prefixes or suffixes and then using one of the given words to construct a meaningful sentence.

🎯 Exam Tip: When adding prefixes/suffixes, ensure the resulting word is grammatically correct and its meaning is clear. For sentence formation, use the word accurately in context.

My English Coursebook 10th Digest Pdf Unit 2

• You Start Dying Slowly Class 10 English Solutions