ISC Class 12 Physical Education Board Exam Question Paper 2025 with Solutions

ISC Class 12 Physical Education Board Exam Question Paper with Solutions

SECTION - A (15 MARKS)

Question-1 [15]

(i) An athlete indulged in the illegal practice of consuming a stimulant before a national level competition. It was detected in the blood test conducted after the competition by an authorised body. [1]
Which authorised body conducted the test and would also penalise him for this illegal practice?
(A) WADA
(B) NADA
(C) Narcotics Control Bureau
(D) AFI

Answer: (B) NADA

The National Anti-Doping Agency (NADA) is the national organization responsible for promoting, coordinating, and monitoring the anti-doping program in sports in all its forms in India.

Teacher's Note:
a) Remember that NADA operates at the national level within India, while WADA is the international umbrella agency.
b) Do not confuse national sports federations (like AFI) with anti-doping disciplinary bodies.

(ii) In a Cyclic tournament, one team is kept static and other teams are .................... . [1]
(A) rotated clockwise
(B) rotated anti-clockwise
(C) rotated from top to bottom
(D) rotated from bottom to top

Answer: (A) rotated clockwise

In the cyclic method of fixture rotation, one team remains fixed (usually at the top right or top position depending on odd/even format) while all other teams rotate clockwise.

Teacher's Note:
a) In a cyclic tournament fixture, rotation is always standardized in the clockwise direction.
b) Students often get confused between clockwise and anti-clockwise movement during drawing.

(iii) Identify the type of fracture shown below that is most common in long bones. [1]
[Figure: Diagram of a long bone showing a horizontal fracture line straight across the shaft.]
(A) Greenstick fracture
(B) Oblique fracture
(C) Spiral fracture
(D) Transverse fracture

Answer: (D) Transverse fracture

A transverse fracture breaks straight across the bone at a right angle to the long axis.

Teacher's Note:
a) Transverse fractures typically occur due to a direct, sharp blow perpendicular to the bone.
b) Examine fracture diagrams carefully by looking at the angle of the break line relative to the bone shaft.

(iv) Which one of the following is a disorder characterised by lack of sleep? [1]
(A) Sinus
(B) Insomnia
(C) Restless Leg Syndrome
(D) Narcolepsy

Answer: (B) Insomnia

Insomnia is a common sleep disorder that can make it hard to fall asleep, hard to stay asleep, or cause you to wake up too early.

Teacher's Note:
a) Insomnia directly relates to chronic difficulty in initiating or maintaining sleep.
b) Ensure you distinguish between various sleep disorders such as narcolepsy and insomnia.

(v) What type of training method is shown in the picture below? [1]
[Figure: Series of small illustrations showing different physical exercise stations including push-ups, step-ups, squat jumps, skipping, chin-ups, and bench exercises.]
(A) Fartlek training
(B) Interval training
(C) Circuit training
(D) Plyometric training

Answer: (C) Circuit training

Circuit training involves performing a sequence of selected exercises arranged in stations, moving from one to another with minimal rest.

Teacher's Note:
a) Multiple distinct exercise stations arranged in a sequence represent circuit training.
b) Look for multiple station setups in graphical questions to identify circuit training correctly.

(vi) Given below are two statements marked Assertion and Reason. Read the two statements carefully and choose the correct option. [1]
Assertion (A) : Regular physical activity helps in reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Reason (R) : Physical activity strengthens the heart muscles and improves blood circulation.
(A) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(B) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(C) Assertion is true and Reason is false.
(D) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

Answer: (A) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

Physical activity enhances myocardial efficiency, which directly lowers cardiovascular risk factors.

Teacher's Note:
a) Verify if the reason directly causes or explains the physiological outcome stated in the assertion.
b) Both cardiovascular health benefits and heart muscle strengthening are scientifically linked facts.

(vii) In a .................... tournament, each team has to play with every other team twice. [1]

Answer: Double Round-Robin

In a double round-robin tournament, each competitor plays every other competitor twice (home and away).

Teacher's Note:
a) Single round-robin requires playing once, whereas double round-robin requires playing twice.
b) Watch out for keywords like "twice" when identifying tournament formats.

(viii) The specialised device Splint was designed by .................... to stabilise and immobilise the injured lower limb(s). [1]

Answer: Hugh Owen Thomas

The Thomas splint is an orthopedic appliance designed to immobilize a fractured leg.

Teacher's Note:
a) Historical milestones and inventor names must be memorized accurately for objective fills.
b) Hugh Owen Thomas contributed immensely to modern orthopedic surgery.

(ix) .................... is known as the founder of Olympic Games as he revived them after a long gap. [1]

Answer: Pierre de Coubertin

Baron Pierre de Coubertin founded the International Olympic Committee and is the father of the modern Olympic Games.

Teacher's Note:
a) Always credit Pierre de Coubertin as the founder of the modern Olympic movement.
b) Do not confuse ancient Olympic origins with modern revival history.

(x) The combined and coordinated use of medical, social, educational and vocational measures for training and restoring the individuals to their best constructive capacity is known as .................... . [1]

Answer: Rehabilitation

Rehabilitation helps individuals regain maximum possible physical, mental, and social functional independence.

Teacher's Note:
a) Rehabilitation is a comprehensive multi-disciplinary recovery process.
b) Focus on keywords like "restoring individuals to their best constructive capacity".

(xi) What is oral hygiene? [1]

Answer: Oral hygiene is the practice of keeping one's mouth clean and free from disease by regular brushing, flossing, and dental check-ups.

Teacher's Note:
a) Oral hygiene prevents dental caries, gingivitis, and bad breath.
b) Keep definitions concise and medically accurate.

(xii) State the meaning of extramurals. [1]

Answer: Extramurals refer to sports activities or events that take place outside the regular school premises or curriculum involving external institutions.

Teacher's Note:
a) "Extra" means outside; extramurals involve inter-school competitions.
b) Differentiate clearly between intramurals (within school) and extramurals (outside school).

(xiii) What is the significance of byes in fixture of tournament? [1]

Answer: Byes are awarded to teams to skip a round when the number of teams is not a power of 2, ensuring smooth tournament brackets.

Teacher's Note:
a) Byes balance out knockout brackets mathematically.
b) Mention power of 2 as the core mathematical basis for calculating byes.

(xiv) What is cultural heritage? [1]

Answer: Cultural heritage refers to the traditions, customs, and artifacts passed down from generation to generation within a particular community.

Teacher's Note:
a) Cultural heritage includes both tangible (monuments, artifacts) and intangible (music, dance) elements.
b) Emphasize generational continuity in the definition.

(xv) Expand I.O.C. [1]

Answer: International Olympic Committee.

Teacher's Note:
a) Write expansions without spelling errors to secure full marks.
b) The IOC is the supreme governing body of the Olympic Movement.

SECTION - B (25 MARKS)

Question-2

Identify the soft tissue injury shown below. State any three causes and the treatment for this injury. [5]
[Figure: An anatomical illustration of an ankle joint showing swelling and soft tissue trauma around the lateral ligaments.]

Answer:
Identification of Injury: Sprain or strain around the ankle area.
Causes:
1. Inversion or Eversion of the Foot: Twisting your ankle while walking, running, or jumping.
2. Poor Footwear: Wearing shoes that lack support can heighten the chances of ankle injuries.
3. Uneven Surfaces: Navigating uneven ground can lead to missteps resulting in injuries.
Treatment (RICE Method):
- Rest: Avoid putting weight on the injured ankle.
- Ice: Use ice packs to reduce swelling.
- Compression: Wrap the area with an elastic bandage for support.
- Elevation: Keep your ankle raised above heart level to minimize swelling.

Teacher's Note:
a) Clearly identify the injury type before listing causes and management protocols.
b) Explain the RICE protocol systematically as it is a standard medical response for soft tissue injuries.

Question-3

(i) Write short notes on each of the following: [5]
(a) Knock knees
(b) Droplet infection
OR
(ii) Answer the following: [5]
(a) Discuss Sports Software Engineering as a potential career option.
(b) Provide any two differences between a Professional and an Amateur player.

Answer:
(i)(a) Knock knees (Genu valgum): A condition where the knees angle in and touch each other when legs are straightened, causing gait issues. It can be corrected through physical therapy or surgery.
(i)(b) Droplet infection: Transmission of infectious agents expelled via respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks, necessitating masks and hand hygiene.

OR
(ii)(a) Sports Software Engineering: Involves development and maintenance of software applications for sports, including training performance apps and game analytics, combining sports passion with technical skills.
(ii)(b) Differences between Professional and Amateur player:
- Compensation: Professionals earn money from their sport, while amateurs do not.
- Commitment: Professionals dedicate full-time effort with structured training, whereas amateurs may play for recreation without the same contractual obligation.

Teacher's Note:
a) For postural deformities, mention corrective measures along with the definition.
b) In career-based questions, highlight modern technological scopes clearly.

Question-4 [5]

Nandita is a class XII student of Physical Education. She is also a member of the Sports Committee that is organising a football tournament of 13 teams. The school management decides to allocate only two days for the tournament and sanctions a small amount for it.
Which type of tournament should Nandita organise considering the time and budget constraints? Draw a fixture for this tournament stating its formula.

Answer:
Type of Tournament: Knockout tournament works perfectly for 13 teams over two days as it eliminates losing teams immediately, keeping the schedule efficient.
Formula for Knockout Tournament:
Number of Matches = Number of Teams - 1
For 13 teams: 13 - 1 = 12 matches.
Total Number of Rounds = 4.
Steps to Draw the Fixture:
(i) Find the nearest power of 2 greater than 13, which is 16.
(ii) Number of byes = 16 - 13 = 3 byes.
(iii) Distribute byes in the first round: 1 in top half, 2 in lower half.
Fixture structure details:
Teams 1 to 13 mapped across 4 rounds with 3 byes distributed symmetrically.

Teacher's Note:
a) Justify the tournament choice based on the constraints provided in the case study.
b) Show all bye distribution formulas and calculations clearly before drawing brackets.

Question-5 [5]

Discuss any five causes of sports injuries.

Answer:
1. Overuse injuries: Repetitive stress on specific body parts leading to micro-trauma and inflammation.
2. Poor training techniques: Incorrect form, excessive intensity, or rapid progression without adequate conditioning.
3. Lack of proper warm-up and stretching: Failing to prepare muscles adequately before engaging in rigorous physical activity.
4. Inadequate equipment and gear: Using faulty, worn-out, or ill-fitting protective equipment.
5. Insufficient rest and recovery: Overtraining without allowing adequate physiological repair time.

Teacher's Note:
a) List general intrinsic and extrinsic causes clearly with brief explanations.
b) Use bullet points for structured presentation in high-mark theoretical questions.

Question-6

(i) What is I.O.A.? Mention any four functions of I.O.A. [5]
OR
(ii) Define health education. Explain any four of its general principles. [5]

Answer:
(i) Indian Olympic Association (IOA) is the governing body for the Olympic Movement in India, established in 1927.
Functions of IOA:
1. Promoting Olympic values in India.
2. Selecting and training athletes for international competitions.
3. Organising national sports events.
4. Collaborating with international sports bodies.

OR
(ii) Health education is the process of enabling individuals and communities to increase control over and improve their health.
Four general principles of health education:
1. Interest: People show interest when health education aligns with their felt needs.
2. Participation: Encouraging active community involvement rather than passive listening.
3. Motivation: Inspiring individuals to adopt healthy behavioral habits.
4. Comprehension: Ensuring communication matches the audience's level of understanding.

Teacher's Note:
a) Distinguish between national (IOA) and international (IOC) bodies clearly.
b) When explaining principles of health education, focus on communication and community engagement.

SECTION - C (30 MARKS)

Question-7

(i) Answer the following questions:
(a) State any three pre-match duties of the Referee. [3]
(b) What will be the decision of the Referee if the goalkeeper handles the football outside the penalty area? [1]
(c) A player attempts to score goal during the game. The goalkeeper saves the goal but the ball reflexes and goes out of the goal line. What will be the decision of the Referee? [1]
(ii) Draw a Football field and mark the different positions of any ten players. [5]
OR
(iii) Explain each of the following terms: [5]
(a) Quarter circle
(b) Goal kick
(CRICKET) [Note: Paper subheading error in printing; questions belong to Football section].

Answer:
(i)(a) Three pre-match duties of the Referee:
1. Conducting a pre-match inspection of the pitch and facilities.
2. Ensuring players wear proper kits and no dangerous items.
3. Reviewing rules and regulations with both teams and respective officials.
(i)(b) If the goalkeeper handles the ball outside the penalty area, it is a foul resulting in a direct free kick for the opposing team.
(i)(c) A corner kick is awarded to the attacking team because the ball crossed the goal line after last touching a defending player.
(ii) [Figure: Diagram of a standard football field showing boundary lines, center circle, penalty area, goal area, corner flags, and tactical positions of 10 players.]
(iii)(a) Quarter circle: A 1-meter radius arc drawn at each corner flag of the football pitch to govern corner kicks.
(iii)(b) Goal kick: A method of restarting play when the ball crosses the goal line after last touching an attacking player, taken by the defending team from the goal area.

Teacher's Note:
a) Clearly specify rule infractions and respective restarts in soccer scenarios.
b) Diagrammatic questions require precise dimensional markings and clear positional layouts.

Question-8

(i) Answer the following questions:
(a) Discuss the protected area of the pitch. [3]
(b) A player changes the condition of the ball for taking advantage. What is the term used to denote such practice? [1]
(c) During a match, a batter misses a stroke and the ball hits her body. She runs for a score. What signal will be given by the Umpire? [1]
(ii) Answer the following:
(a) What is substitution? Briefly discuss any two circumstances of substitution in Cricket. [5]
OR
(b) Enlist any five national tournaments of Cricket in India. [5]
(iii) Explain each of the following terms: [5]
(a) Golden duck
(b) "How is that?"
(HOCKEY) [Note: Subheading discrepancy in paper].

Answer:
(i)(a) The protected area of the pitch is the central rectangular strip where bowlers run through; walking on it damages the surface, leading to warnings.
(i)(b) Ball tampering.
(i)(c) Umpire signals "Leg Bye" if the ball hits the batter's body and runs are scored.
(ii)(a) Substitution in cricket refers to replacing a player under specific rules.
Two circumstances:
1. Injury: A player injured during the match can be substituted for medical treatment.
2. Fielding Substitutes: If a player gets injured or ill, a substitute fielder can enter, though they cannot bat, bowl, or keep wickets.
(ii)(b) Five national tournaments of Cricket in India:
1. Ranji Trophy
2. Duleep Trophy
3. Vijay Hazare Trophy
4. Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy
5. Deodhar Trophy
(iii)(a) Golden duck: Getting out on the very first ball faced without scoring.
(iii)(b) "How is that?" (Appealing): An appeal made by fielding players to the umpire asking for a decision when an eligible dismissal occurs.

Teacher's Note:
a) Emphasize MCC law terminology regarding ball tampering and pitch protection.
b) Memorize exact domestic cricket tournament names for scoring full marks.

Question-9

(i) Answer the following questions:
(a) Explain any three basic skills that a Hockey player must possess. [3]
(b) B player aggressively tackles an opponent during the match. What decision will be taken by the Umpire? [1]
(c) What will be the Umpire's decision if the ball touches a defender's body within the penalty area? [1]
(ii) Answer the following:
(a) State any five situations when an attacking player may receive a penalty foul. [5]
OR
(b) Enlist any five duties of the Team Manager in the game of Hockey. [5]
(iii) Explain each of the following terms: [5]
(a) Drag flick
(b) Aerial pass

Answer:
(i)(a) Three basic skills in hockey:
1. Dribbling: Maneuvering the ball with short, quick touches while maintaining control.
2. Passing: Accurately transferring the ball to teammates.
3. Shooting: Accurately striking the ball toward the goal.
(i)(b) The umpire will likely issue a penalty card (yellow or red card) depending on severity.
(i)(c) A penalty stroke is awarded if the ball touches a defender's body intentionally to stop a clear scoring chance inside the penalty area.
(ii)(a) Five situations for a penalty foul by an attacking player:
1. Tripping an opponent.
2. Charging an opponent with the body.
3. Pushing an opponent.
4. Holding an opponent or their stick.
5. Kicking the ball with feet.
(ii)(b) Five duties of a Team Manager in Hockey:
1. Player Development and coordination.
2. Team Selection assistance.
3. Game Strategy coordination with coaching staff.
4. Player Welfare and medical support management.
5. Communication liaison between players, coaching staff, and organization.
(iii)(a) Drag flick: A specialized stroke in field hockey where the stick is used to drag and lift the ball into the air.
(iii)(b) Aerial pass: A pass where the ball is lifted off the ground over defenders using the flat side of the stick.

Teacher's Note:
a) Hockey rules distinguish clearly between unintentional foot contacts and intentional defensive fouls in the circle.
b) Describe stick-work techniques like drag flick and aerial pass with technical precision.

Question-10

(i) Answer the following questions:
(a) Discuss the history of the game of Basketball. [3]
(b) A player attempts a three-pointer shot and the opponent player commits a foul on him at the same time. What will be the decision of the Referee? [1]
(c) What foul will be given by the Referee if a player or a coach uses foul language, makes obscene gestures or argues with him? [1]
(ii) Answer the following:
(a) Enlist any five duties of the Table Official in the game of Basketball [5]
OR
(b) Draw a neat diagram of a Basketball board with all its dimensions and specifications. [5]
(iii) Explain each of the following terms: [5]
(a) Fastbreak
(b) Carry

Answer:
(i)(a) Basketball was invented by Dr. James Naismith in 1891 in Springfield, Massachusetts, initially using a soccer ball and peach baskets.
(i)(b) If the shot goes in, it counts and they get one free throw (four-point play). If it misses, they get three free throws.
(i)(c) Technical foul.
(ii)(a) Five duties of Table Officials in Basketball:
1. Keeping track of the score.
2. Monitoring the game clock.
3. Ensuring rules regarding fouls and timeouts are followed.
4. Issuing penalties and fouls documentation.
5. Communicating with referees as liaison.
(ii)(b) [Figure: Diagram of a Basketball backboard showing dimensions: 6 feet wide, 42 inches tall, inner rectangle 24x18 inches, rim 18 inches in diameter, and ring height 10 feet from the ground.]
(iii)(a) Fastbreak: A rapid offensive maneuver where a team quickly moves the ball up court to score before the defense resets.
(iii)(b) Carry (Palming): A violation where a player dribbles the ball with both hands simultaneously or places a hand underneath the ball while dribbling.

Teacher's Note:
a) Basketball rule infractions like 'carry' and technical fouls must be defined according to FIBA guidelines.
b) Include precise dimensional measurements in backboard or court diagrams.

Question-11

(i) Answer the following questions:
(a) Explain any three roles of the players in the front zone during a Volleyball match. [3]
(b) What type of foul will the Referee award if a player serves in wrong sequence? [1]
(c) A player smashes the ball in opponent's court. The ball touches the antenna and lands in the opponent's court. What will be the decision? [1]
(ii) Answer the following:
(a) State any five duties of a Volleyball coach. [5]
OR
(b) Mention any five tournaments of Volleyball. [5]
(iii) Explain each of the following terms: [5]
(a) Mintonette
(b) Dink

Answer:
(i)(a) Three roles of front-zone players in Volleyball:
1. Spiking: Executing powerful offensive attacks close to the net.
2. Blocking: Intercepting opponent attacks right above the net.
3. Receiving: Controlling opposition serves and setting up plays.
(i)(b) Rotational fault / positional fault, awarding a point to the opposing team.
(i)(c) Fault; touching the antenna is illegal, so a point goes to the opposing team.
(ii)(a) Five duties of a Volleyball coach:
1. Training and Developing technical skills.
2. Strategic Planning and game plan formulation.
3. Motivating players.
4. Providing tactical instructions.
5. Monitoring and Evaluating performance.
(ii)(b) Five tournaments of Volleyball:
1. FIVB Volleyball World Championship
2. FIVB Volleyball Men's World Cup
3. FIVB Volleyball Women's World Cup
4. CEV Champions League
5. Pan American Cup
(iii)(a) Mintonette: The original name of volleyball when invented in 1895 by William G. Morgan.
(iii)(b) Dink: A soft, controlled touch of the ball used to keep it in play and catch opponents off guard.

Teacher's Note:
a) Volleyball antenna touches and rotational faults are frequent objective quiz items.
b) Mention historical roots like Mintonette when asked about terminology origins.

Question-12

(i) Answer the following questions:
(a) Explain the procedure of scoring in Tennis. [3]
(b) During a match, a server tosses the ball while serving and takes it back in his hand and tosses it again to serve. How will this impact the progress of the match? [1]
(c) A line judge gives a wrong decision and the player challenges the decision of the line judge. How will the Chair Umpire resolve this situation? [1]
(ii) Answer the following:
(a) Name and briefly explain any two types of Tennis court surfaces. [5]
OR
(b) Write a short note on U.S. Open. [5]
(iii) Explain each of the following terms: [5]
(a) Match point
(b) Top spin

Answer:
(i)(a) Tennis scoring follows points (0, 15, 30, 40, Game), games make sets (first to 6 games with 2-game lead), and sets make matches (best of 3 or 5 sets).
(i)(b) It results in a fault since catching a tossed ball instead of letting it drop or hitting it counts as a service fault.
(i)(c) The Chair Umpire will review the decision using electronic review systems (like Hawk-Eye); if correct, the decision is overturned.
(ii)(a) Two types of Tennis court surfaces:
1. Hard courts: Made of asphalt or concrete, offering consistent bounce and fast gameplay.
2. Clay courts: Made of crushed shale or brick, slowing down the ball and producing higher bounces.
(ii)(b) U.S. Open short note: One of the four Grand Slam tournaments held annually in New York on hard courts, known for high-intensity matches, tiebreakers, and passionate crowds.

(iii)(a) Match point: The point that, if won by a player, results in winning the entire match.
(iii)(b) Top spin: Spin applied to the ball during a stroke causing it to dip downwards and bounce higher after landing.

Teacher's Note:
a) Explain tennis scoring hierarchies (points, games, sets, matches) clearly.
b) Differentiate court surfaces by their speed and bounce characteristics.

Question-13

(i) Answer the following questions:
(a) Explain any three types of services used in a game of Badminton. [3]
(b) What will be the decision of the Umpire if the shuttle lands in the back gallery at the time of service? [1]
(c) While serving, a player misses the shot and the shuttle falls down. What decision will the Umpire take? [1]
(ii) Answer the following:
(a) Name four types of grips in Badminton. Discuss any two types of grips that a Badminton player can use effectively during a match [5]
OR
(b) Expand the following terms:
(1) B.W.F.
(2) B.A.C.
(3) B.C.A.
(4) B.A.I.
(5) S.A.B.F. [5]
(iii) Explain each of the following terms: [5]
(a) Wood shot
(b) Short service line

Answer:
(i)(a) Three types of badminton services:
1. Short serve: Lands just over the short service line for tactical buildup.
2. Long serve: Travels deep to the back boundary line.
3. Flick serve: Disguised short serve that flicks deep quickly.
(i)(b) Fault; the serve is considered out, and the opponent gets the point.
(i)(c) Fault; missing the shuttle during service attempt is a service fault.
(ii)(a) Four grips: Forehand, Backhand, Slicing, Flicking.
Forehand grip: Used for shots on the front, with the thumb placed across the handle.
Backhand grip: Used for back court returns with the thumb placed flat on the wide bevel.
(ii)(b) Expansions:
(1) BWF: Badminton World Federation
(2) BAC: Badminton Asia Confederation
(3) BCA: Badminton Association of China
(4) BAI: Badminton Association of India
(5) SABF: South African Badminton Federation
(iii)(a) Wood shot: When the shuttle accidentally hits the wooden frame instead of strings.

(iii)(b) Short service line: The line 1.98 meters from the net that serves must cross legally.

Teacher's Note:
a) Badminton service rules regarding boundary lines and wood shots are frequent examination points.
b) Memorize acronym expansions for international sports federations.

Question-14

(i) Answer the following questions:
(a) Draw a neat diagram of a standard swimming pool with all its dimensions and specifications. [3]
(b) In a relay race, the first swimmer does not reach the end. Before her tapping on the end wall, the second swimmer dives into the pool to start her race.
In this situation, what will be the decision of the Inspector of turns? [1]
(c) During a swimming competition, a swimmer stops for a while and holds the lane divider rope to rest. What will be the decision of the Lane Judge? [1]
(ii) Answer the following:
(a) Enlist any five types of Springboard Dives. [5]
OR
(b) State any five duties of the Stroke judges. [5]
(iii) Explain each of the following terms: [5]
(a) Wood shot [Note: Paper repetition/printing anomaly; refers to swimming strokes/terms like Breast Stroke]
(b) Short service line [Note: Paper printing anomaly; refers to IM]

Answer:
(i)(a) [Figure: Diagram of a 50-metre standard swimming pool showing lane markings, starting platforms, backstroke turn indicators, and depth specifications.]
(i)(b) Disqualification of the team due to early start before the touch.
(i)(c) Disqualification for holding the lane divider rope.
(ii)(a) Five types of Springboard Dives:
1. Forward Dive
2. Backward Dive
3. Tuck Dive
4. Inward Dive
5. Twist Dive
(ii)(b) Five duties of Stroke Judges:
1. Observing correct form and stroke mechanics.
2. Ensuring competitors swim within rules.
3. Identifying and penalizing illegal strokes.
4. Ensuring swimmers do not touch lane lines.
5. Watching for rule violations.
(iii)(a) Breast Stroke: Swimming stroke performed in a belly-down position with symmetrical frog kicks.
(iii)(b) IM (Individual Medley): Swimming event covering butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke, and freestyle in sequence.

Teacher's Note:
a) Swimming disqualification criteria during relay takeovers and turns must be stated accurately.
b) Swimming pool diagrams require standard length (50m) and lane specifications.

Question-15

(i) Answer the following questions:
(a) Name and explain any three long distance races. [3]
(b) In a long jump event, an athlete fails to start the jump after her name is called out. Specify the time limit within which she should have started the jump. [1]
(c) In a javelin event, an athlete throws the javelin in a wrong manner. How will the Umpire signal for a wrong throw? [1]
(ii) Answer the following:
(a) Explain hurdle races in Athletics. [5]
OR
(b) Explain the procedure of relay races. [5]
(iii) Explain each of the following terms: [5]
(a) Pole vault
(b) Hammer throw

Answer:
(i)(a) Three long distance races:
1. Marathon: 42.195 km road race.
2. 5000 metres: Track race covering 12.5 laps around a standard 400m track.
3. 10000 metres: Endurance track event covering 25 laps.
(i)(b) 30 seconds.
(i)(c) Raising a red flag.
(ii)(a) Hurdle races involve running over a series of barriers placed at regular intervals, requiring speed, agility, and precise jumping technique.
(ii)(b) Relay race procedure involves team formation (4 runners), starting positions in respective lanes, baton passing within the designated baton pass zone, and finishing the race.
(iii)(a) Pole vault: Athletic field event where an athlete uses a flexible pole to clear a high bar.
(iii)(b) Hammer throw: Track and field event where an athlete throws a heavy metal ball attached to a wire handle from a circular ring.

Teacher's Note:
a) Athletic field event rules (time limits, foul flags) must align strictly with World Athletics guidelines.
b) Relay passing zones and hurdle specifications are standard high-yield topics.