ICSE Class 10 Physical Education Board Exam Question Paper 2024 with Solutions

ICSE Class 10 Physical Education Board Exam Question Paper with Solutions

SECTION-A (50 Marks)

Q1. Choose the correct answers to the questions from the given options. (Do not copy the questions, write the correct answers only.) [20 Marks]

1.1. The stage from the age of 5 to 12 years is called ______. [1 Mark]
1. Infancy
2. Adolescence
3. Adulthood
4. Childhood

Answer: (4) Childhood

Childhood refers to the age range of 5 to 12 years for humans.

Teacher's Note:
a) Childhood is a crucial period of physical, cognitive, and social development.
b) Students must clearly distinguish between infancy, childhood, and adolescence.

1.2. What is full form of MCL? [1 Mark]
1. Medial Cruciate Ligament
2. Medial Cramp Ligament
3. Medial Crucial Ligament
4. Medial Collateral Ligament

Answer: (4) Medial Collateral Ligament

The medial collateral ligament is one of the four primary ligaments of the knee.

Teacher's Note:
a) MCL provides stability to the inner side of the knee joint.
b) Memorize full forms of common sports-related anatomical terms.

1.3. An education which develops harmonious growth and development of a child: [1 Mark]
1. Physical Fitness
2. Health Education
3. Physical Education
4. Sports Training

Answer: (3) Physical Education

Physical education is an important part of the overall educational process, promoting a child's harmonious growth and development.

Teacher's Note:
a) Physical education encompasses physical, mental, emotional, and social development.
b) Note the exact phrasing used in standard definitions of physical education.

1.4. Exercise helps in increasing ______ to the brain. [1 Mark]
1. Ideas
2. Oxygen flow
3. Energy
4. Rest

Answer: (2) Oxygen flow

Exercise increases blood circulation, which results in more oxygen-rich blood circulation in the brain.

Teacher's Note:
a) Enhanced oxygen flow improves cognitive function and mental clarity.
b) Understand the physiological benefits of regular physical activity.

1.5. What is the minimum qualification to become a basketball coach in India? [1 Mark]
1. NIS Diploma
2. B.P.Ed
3. M.Phil
4. Ph.D

Answer: (1) NIS Diploma

The minimum qualification for becoming a basketball coach in India is a Diploma in Coaching from NIS.

Teacher's Note:
a) Netaji Subhas National Institute of Sports (NIS) offers specialized coaching diplomas.
b) Professional coaching requirements are standard knowledge questions in sports education.

1.6. ______ is used for growth and repair of all the cells in the body. [1 Mark]
1. Protein
2. Vitamin
3. Carbohydrate
4. Sodium

Answer: (1) Protein

Proteins are made up of chemical building blocks known as amino acids. The body requires amino acids to help all cells develop and repair themselves.

Teacher's Note:
a) Proteins are often referred to as body-building foods.
b) Distinguish between the functions of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats.

1.7. The body cannot repair itself without rest and ______. [1 Mark]
1. Continuity
2. Adaptation
3. Recovery
4. Frequency

Answer: (3) Recovery

The principle of recovery is one of the sports training ideas that states that the body cannot mend itself without rest and recovery.

Teacher's Note:
a) Recovery allows physiological systems to rebuild and adapt to training stress.
b) Overtraining occurs when recovery time is insufficient.

1.8. The ability of a person to do daily work without fatigue is called ______. [1 Mark]
1. Progression
2. Physical Fitness
3. Balance
4. Obesity

Answer: (2) Physical Fitness

Physical fitness refers to a person's capacity to perform daily tasks without fatigue.

Teacher's Note:
a) Physical fitness includes both health-related and skill-related components.
b) Learn standard textbook definitions for core physical education terms.

1.9. The ability to perform movement/actions at a faster rate is called ______. [1 Mark]
1. Endurance
2. Power
3. Stamina
4. Speed

Answer: (4) Speed

Speed is a measure of one's ability to perform movements or actions at a higher rate.

Teacher's Note:
a) Speed is a fundamental motor ability required in most sports.
b) Differentiate speed from power and endurance.

1.10. Assertion (A): The growth refers to the increase in size, length and weight.
Reason (R): The growth can be felt only through estimate and inspection.
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct? [1 Mark]
1. (A) is true, but (R) is false.
2. (A) is false, but (R) is true.
3. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
4. Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

Answer: (3) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

The assertion expresses the meaning of growth, and the reason explains how growth is measured or observed.

Teacher's Note:
a) Growth is quantitative and physical changes can be observed and measured.
b) Read assertion-reason questions carefully to check causal relationships.

1.11. A good level of physical fitness is helpful in preventing ______. [1 Mark]
1. Agility
2. Speed
3. Injuries
4. Performance

Answer: (3) Injuries

A high degree of physical fitness indicates good cardiovascular endurance, strength, flexibility and coordination, all of which serve to reduce or eliminate the risk of injury.

Teacher's Note:
a) Strong muscles and flexible joints protect the body from sudden physical stress.
b) Injury prevention is a primary benefit of systematic physical conditioning.

1.12. Match the following:
I. Physical development      1. A child recognizes his parents well.
II. Psychological development      2. A child learns to roll over.
III. Social development      3. A child is afraid of the dark in night.
IV. Emotional development      4. A child learns to share a toy with a friend. [1 Mark]
1. I - 1, II - 3, III - 4, IV - 2
2. I - 3, II - 4, III - 2, IV - 1
3. I - 4, II - 3, III - 1, IV - 2
4. I - 2, II - 1, III - 4, IV - 3

Answer: (4) I - 2, II - 1, III - 4, IV - 3

Matching: Physical development (rolling over), Psychological development (recognizing parents), Social development (sharing a toy), Emotional development (fear of dark).

Teacher's Note:
a) Developmental stages correlate specific milestones with domains of growth.
b) Match each item methodically before selecting the option.

1.13. Cartwheel in gymnastics is an example of ______. [1 Mark]
1. Dynamic Balance
2. Static Balance
3. Active Balance
4. Passive Balance

Answer: (1) Dynamic Balance

In a cartwheel, the body moves at a constant speed and all forces on the body are balanced, which is why it is said to be in dynamic balance.

Teacher's Note:
a) Dynamic balance involves maintaining equilibrium while in motion.
b) Contrast dynamic balance with static balance where the body is stationary.

1.14. The unit used to describe the energy content of food is called as ______. [1 Mark]
1. Litre
2. Kilogram
3. Calorie
4. Meter

Answer: (3) Calorie

Calories are the unit of measurement used to describe food's energy content.

Teacher's Note:
a) Energy intake and expenditure in nutrition are universally measured in kilocalories.
b) Basic nutritional terminology should be memorized accurately.

1.15. Which is the longest stage of human growth and development? [1 Mark]
1. Adulthood
2. Childhood
3. Infancy
4. Adolescence

Answer: (1) Adulthood

Adulthood is the longest stage of human development, beginning at the age of 18 and ending at the age of 65.

Teacher's Note:
a) Adulthood spans several decades compared to childhood and adolescence.
b) Understand the chronological breakdown of human developmental stages.

1.16. ______ is an important element which makes up for almost 70% of our body weight. [1 Mark]
1. Water
2. Fibre
3. Minerals
4. Fats

Answer: (1) Water

Approximately 70% of our body is made up of water. There are six primary categories of nutrients: carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water.

Teacher's Note:
a) Water is vital for cellular function, temperature regulation, and metabolic processes.
b) Remember the percentage composition of water in the human body.

1.17. What is the most common symptom of Achilles Tendonitis injury? [1 Mark]
1. Patients may experience knee instability.
2. Tenderness on the outside of the elbow.
3. Pain above the heel, especially when stretching the ankle.
4. Repeated vomiting or nausea.

Answer: (3) Pain above the heel, especially when stretching the ankle.

The most typical sign of Achilles Tendonitis damage is pain above the heel, particularly when stretching the ankle. The Achilles tendon connects the calf muscle to the heel bone.

Teacher's Note:
a) Achilles tendonitis is an overuse injury common in runners and jumpers.
b) Associate specific sports injuries with their primary symptoms and affected body parts.

1.18. According to the Principle of Progression, the overload should not be ______. [1 Mark]
1. Increased Rapidly
2. Increased Normally
3. Increased Specifically
4. Increased Regularly

Answer: (1) Increased Rapidly

According to the progression principle, overload should not be increased rapidly but gradually. A rapid rise in load has been linked to an increase in injury risk.

Teacher's Note:
a) Gradual progression ensures safe physical adaptation and prevents burnout or injury.
b) Principles of sports training form a core theoretical chapter in the syllabus.

1.19. ______ is essential for the healthy development of child. [1 Mark]
1. Recreation
2. Proper nutrition
3. Meditation
4. Exertion

Answer: (2) Proper nutrition

Proper nutrition means maintaining a nutritional status that allows a child to develop and stay in good health.

Teacher's Note:
a) Adequate macro and micro-nutrients are necessary during growing years.
b) Link nutrition directly to growth, immunity, and overall well-being.

1.20. Overstretching of ligament causes ______. [1 Mark]
1. Fracture
2. Sprain
3. Concussion
4. Shin Splint
5. Contusion
6. Dislocation

Answer: (2) Sprain

A sprain is a ligament injury. An ankle sprain is a common sports injury. It occurs when the ligaments that support the ankle are stretched beyond their limits and tear.

Teacher's Note:
a) Distinguish clearly between sprains (ligaments) and strains (muscles or tendons).
b) Know the causes and definitions of common sports injuries.

Q2. [10 Marks]

2.1. Define physical education. [2 Marks]

Answer:
According to Delbert Oberteuffer, physical education is the sum of those experiences which come to the individual through movement.

Teacher's Note:
a) Standard definitions given by renowned physical educators should be quoted accurately.
b) Emphasize that movement is the central medium of physical education.

2.2. Explain the term Co-ordination. [2 Marks]

Answer:
1. Coordination refers to the ability to perform a succession of movements or motor activities in a smooth and efficient manner.
2. It can also be described as the ability to perform a motor task accurately and smoothly using body movements and the senses (e.g., dribbling a basketball).

Teacher's Note:
a) Good neuromuscular coordination reduces unnecessary energy expenditure during motor tasks.
b) Provide a relevant sporting example to make the explanation complete.

2.3. Kiaan, a 15-year-old student, is an active participant in various sports activities at school. He excels in activities that require endurance and agility, such as long distance running and soccer. Kiaan's body structure is lean with long limbs.
Reshma, a 16-year-old student, has a tendency to gain weight easily. She finds it challenging to engage in high-intensity activities due to her body's natural inclination towards storing fat. However, she enjoys activities like Yoga and Pilates.
Kagesha, a 16-year-old student, is passionate about weightlifting and power lifting. She consistently participates in strength training programs and competitions. Kagesha has a muscular and compact physique with well-defined muscles.
a. Identify Kiaan's body type.
b. Identify Reshma's body type.
c. Identify Kagesha's body type. [3 Marks]

Answer:
a. Kiaan's body type is Ectomorph.
b. Reshma's body type is Endomorph.
c. Kagesha's body type is Mesomorph.

Teacher's Note:
a) Sheldon's classification divides somatotypes into ectomorph, endomorph, and mesomorph.
b) Case-based questions test the application of theoretical somatotype characteristics.

2.4. Mention any three factors that influence the growth and development of an individual. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Heredity: Heredity is the phenomenon in which features and qualities are passed on from parents to children before they are born.
2. Environment: The prenatal and postnatal environment (including nutrition, emotional state, and exposure to toxins) significantly affects development.
3. Nutrition: Proper nutrition is essential for a child's healthy development; malnutrition can retard growth while overnutrition can lead to obesity.

Teacher's Note:
a) Both genetic and environmental factors interact to shape growth and development.
b) List and briefly explain three distinct factors as required by the mark allocation.

Q3. [10 Marks]

3.1. What is sprained ankle? [2 Marks]

Answer:
A sprained ankle is a common sports injury that occurs when the ankle ligaments are stretched past their normal limits and tear due to sudden twisting or rolling of the foot.

Teacher's Note:
a) Mention both overstretching and tearing of ligaments in the definition.
b) Sprains commonly occur during running, jumping, or changing direction abruptly.

3.2. Identify the injury in the given picture and write any two symptoms of the injury. [3 Marks]
[Figure: A person holding their elbow in pain, indicating tennis elbow]

Answer:
1. The injury in the given picture is tennis elbow.
2. Symptoms:
    a) Tenderness at the outside of the elbow.
    b) Elbow pain worsens when grabbing or holding an object, or when lifting and bending the arm.

Teacher's Note:
a) Tennis elbow is an overuse injury affecting the tendons that join the forearm muscles on the outside of the elbow.
b) Students must correctly identify medical conditions from visual prompts.

3.3. List any six components of physical fitness. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Endurance
2. Flexibility
3. Speed
4. Strength
5. Agility
6. Co-ordination

Teacher's Note:
a) Physical fitness components include both health-related and motor-skill related traits.
b) Listing six clear components fulfills the exact requirement for full marks.

3.4. State any three importance of physical fitness. [2 Marks]

Answer:
1. Physical fitness improves one's ability to perform daily activities with energy and without undue fatigue.
2. It lowers the risk of lifestyle diseases and chronic illnesses.
3. It helps to improve posture and enhances overall body composition and mental well-being.

Teacher's Note:
a) Emphasize how fitness contributes to quality of life and disease prevention.
b) Bullet points ensure clarity and easy assessment by examiners.

Q4. [10 Marks]

4.1. What do you mean by balanced diet? [2 Marks]

Answer:
A balanced diet is a diet that contains all the essential nutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water) in appropriate proportions and amounts required by the body for proper growth, development, functioning, and maintenance.

Teacher's Note:
a) A balanced diet meets individual caloric and nutritional needs according to age, sex, and activity level.
b) Mentioning specific nutrient classes adds precision to the answer.

4.2. Explain the term stress fracture. [2 Marks]

Answer:
Stress fractures are overuse injuries typical of athletes who experience high amounts of stress; if the stress of repetitive loads exceeds the bone's ability to repair itself, small cracks can form within the bone.

Teacher's Note:
a) Stress fractures commonly occur in weight-bearing bones of the lower extremities due to repetitive impact.
b) Highlight the distinction between acute fractures and gradual overuse stress fractures.

4.3. What is cardiovascular endurance? [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Cardiovascular endurance is the ability of an individual to exercise continuously for a prolonged period of time.
2. It refers to the circulatory system's (heart and blood vessels) ability to deliver oxygen and nutrients to working muscles.
3. It also measures the muscles' ability to utilize that oxygen to withstand extended physical exertion.

Teacher's Note:
a) Cardiovascular endurance reflects the efficiency of heart, lungs, and vascular systems.
b) Activities like long-distance running, swimming, and cycling test this component extensively.

4.4. Explain in detail the principle of recovery in sports training. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. The principle of recovery states that the body requires adequate rest and recovery time after physical exertion to repair muscle tissue and replenish energy stores.
2. Without sufficient recovery, adaptation cannot take place, leading to overtraining, fatigue, and increased risk of injury.
3. Recovery includes both immediate rest between workout sets and long-term rest days integrated into a training cycle.

Teacher's Note:
a) Recovery is vital for supercompensation, where fitness levels rise above baseline.
b) Explain how rest periods directly influence training adaptation and performance.

SECTION-B (50 Marks)

Attempt two questions from this Section. (You must attempt one question on each of the two games of your choice.)

Q5. CRICKET [25 Marks]

5.1. (a) Explain the following term in cricket:
An appeal [1 Mark]

Answer:
An appeal is the act of a fielding team player requesting an umpire for a decision on whether or not a batsman is out.

Teacher's Note:
a) Appeals must be made before the next ball is bowled.
b) The classic appeal phrase is "How's that?".

5.1. (b) Explain the term Bodyline Bowling in cricket. [1 Mark]

Answer:
A technique in which the bowler aims at the batsman rather than the wicket, with the fielding side packed on the leg side to take catches; this tactic is now declared illegal.

Teacher's Note:
a) Bodyline bowling was famously used during the 1932-33 Ashes series.
b) It was banned due to safety hazards to players.

5.1. (c) Explain the following term in cricket:
Night watchman [1 Mark]

Answer:
A batsman who comes in to bat out of order near the end of a day's play in a multi-day game to protect a better batsman.

Teacher's Note:
a) Night watchmen are usually lower-order bowlers with defensive capabilities.
b) This strategy prevents top-order batsmen from facing fresh bowling late in the day.

5.1. (d) Explain the following term in cricket:
Leg before wicket [1 Mark]

Answer:
A batsman may be called out if any part of his body, clothes or equipment intercepts a ball that would have hit the wicket if it had been pitched in a straight line between the wickets, even above the bails.

Teacher's Note:
a) LBW rules involve complex tracking of ball pitch, impact point, and projected path.
b) Ensure all conditions of LBW are accurately summarized.

5.2. (a) Mention any six fielding positions on "offside" of the field of play. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Point: Placed square of the wicket on the off-side to stop shots like the square cut.
2. Cover: Positioned forward of point, preventing drives and saving boundaries.
3. Mid-off: Positioned between cover and the bowler, covering the straight drive.
4. Gully: Located between the slips and point.
5. Slip: Positioned behind the batsman on the off-side to catch edges.
6. Long-off: Positioned near the boundary on the off side, behind the bowler.

Teacher's Note:
a) Knowledge of fielding placements is essential for cricket rules questions.
b) Clearly specify the relative locations of off-side fielders.

5.2. (b) State any three duties of a captain during the match. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. To ensure that the game is played in accordance with both the spirit and the law.
2. To ensure proper over-rates and that no unnecessary time is wasted on the field.
3. To nominate players before the toss and manage field placements and bowling changes.

Teacher's Note:
a) The captain bears ultimate responsibility for team conduct.
b) List three clear managerial responsibilities on the field.

5.2. (c) 1. What is the signal of the main umpire for the following?
Leg bye [1 Mark]

Answer:
Leg byes are signalled by raising one leg and tapping the knee with one hand.

Teacher's Note:
a) Umpire signals must be executed clearly so scorers and players understand.
b) Distinguish between bye and leg bye signals.

5.2. (c) 2. What is the signal of the main umpire for the following?
Dead ball [1 Mark]

Answer:
The umpire waves both arms across each other in front of his abdomen.

Teacher's Note:
a) A dead ball signifies that play has temporarily ceased.
b) Memorize official ICC umpire signals.

5.2. (c) 3. What is the signal of the main umpire for the following?
Free hit [1 Mark]

Answer:
Raising his right hand in the air and moving it in a circular manner.

Teacher's Note:
a) Free hits are awarded in limited-overs cricket following a front-foot no-ball.
b) The circular arm rotation is the standard signal for a free hit.

5.3. (a) Explain the following term in cricket:
A duck [1 Mark]

Answer:
If a batsman is out without scoring any runs (0 runs).

Teacher's Note:
a) Variations include golden duck (out on the first ball) and diamond duck (run out without facing a ball).
b) Basic cricketing slang and terminology are frequently tested.

5.3. (b) Explain the following term in cricket:
A century [1 Mark]

Answer:
It means a batsman has scored 100 or more runs in a single innings without being out.

Teacher's Note:
a) Scoring a century is a major milestone in a batsman's career.
b) Keep definitions concise and accurate.

5.3. (c) Explain the following term in cricket:
Danger Area [1 Mark]

Answer:
A rectangular protected area of the pitch where bowlers may not run during their follow-through to avoid damaging the surface.

Teacher's Note:
a) Running on the danger area can result in warnings and eventual bowling bans for the player.
b) Protects the pitch integrity for batsmen and spinners.

5.3. (d) Explain the following term in cricket:
A Pull shot [1 Mark]

Answer:
A shot played to the leg side off a short-pitched delivery, directing the ball between midwicket and backward square-leg.

Teacher's Note:
a) The pull shot requires quick footwork and a horizontal bat.
b) Distinguish between hook shots and pull shots based on ball height.

Q6. CRICKET [25 Marks]

6.1. (a) Explain the following term in cricket:
Sight screen [1 Mark]

Answer:
A large screen positioned beyond the boundary behind the bowler so that the striker can clearly sight the ball; white for red ball matches and black for white ball matches.

Teacher's Note:
a) Sightscreens help batsmen track the ball against background disturbances.
b) Color depends on the type of ball being used.

6.1. (b) Explain the following term in cricket:
Upper cut [1 Mark]

Answer:
An upper cut is a shot played towards third man, typically executed when the ball is pitched outside the off stump with extra bounce.

Teacher's Note:
a) It is an attacking stroke against short-pitched bowling.
b) Uses the pace of the bowler to guide the ball over the slips.

6.1. (c) Explain the following term in cricket:
Tail ender [1 Mark]

Answer:
A batsman who bats near the bottom of the batting order, usually a specialist bowler or wicketkeeper with limited batting skills.

Teacher's Note:
a) Tail enders occupy positions 8 through 11 in the batting lineup.
b) They are generally expected to defend rather than score rapidly.

6.1. (d) Explain the following term in cricket:
Flick shot [1 Mark]

Answer:
A straight-batted shot played on the leg side by flicking a full-length delivery with the wrists, also known as clipping off the legs.

Teacher's Note:
a) Relies heavily on wrist work and timing rather than brute force.
b) Played elegantly through the leg side.

6.2. (a) Mention the essential wicket keeping skills in cricket. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Footwork: Proper footwork ensures the wicketkeeper is in the correct posture and position to receive the ball.
2. Catching the ball: Catching with relaxed yet firm hands at the optimal height as the ball's elevation decreases.
3. Diving: Moving quickly or diving when the ball is beyond standing range to effect catches or stumpings.

Teacher's Note:
a) Wicketkeeping is one of the most demanding specialist positions in cricket.
b) Good footwork minimizes the need for excessive diving.

6.2. (b) State any six ways of a batsman getting out in cricket. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Bowled
2. Caught
3. Leg Before Wicket (LBW)
4. Run Out
5. Stumped
6. Hit Wicket

Teacher's Note:
a) There are ten dismissal methods in total according to the laws of cricket.
b) Listing six primary methods is sufficient for full credit.

6.2. (c) What is the importance of the '30-yard circle' in a cricket match? [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. It separates the infield from the outfield on a cricket ground.
2. It is used to enforce mandatory fielding restrictions during limited-overs (ODI and T20) matches.
3. It regulates the maximum number of fielders permitted outside the circle during specific powerplay overs.

Teacher's Note:
a) The 30-yard circle is drawn as a semi-circle from the popping creases combined with straight lines.
b) Essential for maintaining attacking balance in limited-overs formats.

6.3. (a) Explain the following term in cricket:
Short run [1 Mark]

Answer:
A run is short if a batter fails to make good ground behind the popping crease when turning for a further run.

Teacher's Note:
a) Short runs are signaled by the umpire and the run is not credited to the total.
b) Batsmen must touch their bat or body beyond the crease.

6.3. (b) Explain the following term in cricket:
Power play [1 Mark]

Answer:
Blocks of overs in limited-overs matches where fielding restrictions are imposed, requiring a minimum number of fielders to remain inside the 30-yard circle.

Teacher's Note:
a) Introduced to encourage attacking stroke-play in the middle and opening overs.
b) Varies across ODI and T20 formats.

6.3. (c) Explain the following term in cricket:
Bye [1 Mark]

Answer:
Extra runs scored when the ball passes the wicketkeeper and batsman without touching the bat or body of the batsman.

Teacher's Note:
a) Byes are recorded as extras on the scoreboard.
b) Distinguish byes from leg byes and wides.

6.3. (d) Explain the following term in cricket:
Free hit [1 Mark]

Answer:
A delivery where the batsman cannot be dismissed except in certain ways (like run out) following a front-foot no-ball.

Teacher's Note:
a) Gives batsmen freedom to hit without fear of being caught or bowled.
b) A popular rule in modern limited-overs cricket.

Q7. FOOTBALL [25 Marks]

7.1. (a) Explain the following term in football:
Goal line technology [1 Mark]

Answer:
It is the use of electronic devices and camera systems to determine whether or not a goal has been legally scored.

Teacher's Note:
a) Eliminates human error in close goal-line incidents.
b) Sends instant signals to the referee's watch when the ball crosses the line.

7.1. (b) Explain the following term in football:
Quarter circle [1 Mark]

Answer:
An arc with a radius of 1 yard located at each of the soccer field's 4 corners from where corner kicks are taken.

Teacher's Note:
a) The corner flag must not be removed when taking a corner kick from this area.
b) Standard dimension is 1 yard (or 1 meter).

7.1. (c) Explain the following term in football:
Touch line [1 Mark]

Answer:
The two longer boundary lines running the length of the field, marking the outer limits of play.

Teacher's Note:
a) When the entire ball crosses the touchline, play is restarted with a throw-in.
b) Contrast touchlines with goal lines.

7.1. (d) Explain the term heading in football. [1 Mark]

Answer:
A technique used to control, pass, shoot, or clear the ball using the head, performed from a standing, jumping, or diving position.

Teacher's Note:
a) An essential skill for both defenders clearing crosses and attackers scoring from set pieces.
b) Requires proper timing and contact with the forehead.

7.2. (a) 1. What is kick off? [1 Mark]

Answer:
A kick-off is the method of starting or restarting play at the beginning of the match, after a goal, at the start of the second half, or in extra time.

Teacher's Note:
a) The ball must be stationary in the center circle for a kick-off.
b) Opponents must remain outside the center circle until the ball is kicked.

7.2. (a) 2. When is kick off conducted in the game of football? [1 Mark]

Answer:
It is conducted at the start of both halves of regular time, both halves of extra time, and immediately after a goal has been scored.

Teacher's Note:
a) Identifies exact match situations requiring this restart method.
b) Alternates between teams based on toss and goals scored.

7.2. (b) Explain the procedure of penalty kick during the game. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. The ball must be placed on the penalty mark, and the identity of the penalty kicker must be clearly established.
2. The defending goalkeeper must remain on the goal line facing the kicker between the goalposts until the ball is kicked.
3. All players other than the kicker and goalkeeper must remain outside the penalty area, behind the penalty mark, and at least 10 yards from the penalty mark until the ball is kicked.

Teacher's Note:
a) Penalty kicks are awarded for direct free kick offences committed inside the penalty area.
b) Strict rules govern the positioning of players and the goalkeeper.

7.2. (c) When is an indirect free kick awarded? [3 Marks]

Answer:
An indirect free kick is awarded if a player plays in a dangerous manner, impedes the progress of an opponent without physical contact, or prevents the goalkeeper from releasing the ball from their hands.

Teacher's Note:
a) A goal cannot be scored directly from an indirect free kick without touching another player.
b) Distinguish between direct and indirect free kick fouls.

7.3. (a) Explain the term Nutmeg. [1 Mark]

Answer:
A skill where a player purposefully plays the ball through an opponent's legs, runs past them, and retrieves their own pass.

Teacher's Note:
a) A visually impressive maneuver used to beat defenders in tight spaces.
b) Popular in both association football and street soccer.

7.3. (b) 1. Write the full form of AIFF. [1 Mark]

Answer:
AIFF - All India Football Federation

Teacher's Note:
a) AIFF is the governing body of association football in India.
b) Memorize major sports federation acronyms.

7.3. (b) 2. Write the full form of IFAB. [1 Mark]

Answer:
IFAB - International Football Association Board

Teacher's Note:
a) IFAB is the body that determines the laws of the game of association football.
b) International acronyms form standard 1-mark questions.

7.3. (c) What do you understand by the term 'man to man marking' in football? [1 Mark]

Answer:
A defensive strategy in which each defensive player is assigned to track and guard a specific opposing offensive player across the pitch.

Teacher's Note:
a) Contrast man-to-man marking with zonal marking.
b) Requires high stamina and discipline from defenders.

7.3. (d) Explain the term Attacker. [1 Mark]

Answer:
An attacking player whose primary responsibility is to advance the ball towards the opposing goal to create scoring opportunities.

Teacher's Note:
a) Forwards and wingers typically fulfill the role of attackers.
b) Strikers are judged primarily by their goal-scoring output.

Q8. FOOTBALL [25 Marks]

8.1. (a) Explain the following term in football:
Zonal marking [1 Mark]

Answer:
A defensive system in which each player is responsible for defending a specific zone or region of the pitch rather than tracking a particular opponent.

Teacher's Note:
a) Zonal marking helps maintain defensive shape during set pieces and crosses.
b) Requires excellent communication among defenders.

8.1. (b) Explain the following term in football:
Overlap [1 Mark]

Answer:
An attacking tactic where a player (often a full-back) runs past a teammate in possession on the flank to create a numerical advantage and crossing opportunity.

Teacher's Note:
a) Overlapping creates width and unbalances the opponent's defensive block.
b) Common in modern tactical formations.

8.1. (c) Explain the following term in football:
Technical area [1 Mark]

Answer:
A designated zone on the sideline near the team benches where managers, coaching staff, and substitutes are authorized to stay during a match.

Teacher's Note:
a) Managers must remain within the technical area during play.
b) Defined by boundary markings on the touchline.

8.1. (d) Explain the following term in football:
Optional mark [1 Mark]

Answer:
A line mark located 9.15 meters from the corner flag on the goal line and touchline to ensure defending players maintain distance at corner kicks.

Teacher's Note:
a) Helps referees enforce the 10-yard (9.15m) rule at corners.
b) Optional mark is marked perpendicular to the boundary lines.

8.2. (a) Mention any three instances for which a direct free kick is awarded. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Kicking or attempting to kick an opponent.
2. Tripping or attempting to trip an opponent.
3. Holding an opponent or handling the ball deliberately (except for the goalkeeper within their penalty area).

Teacher's Note:
a) Direct free kicks can result in a goal scored directly against the opposing team.
b) Awarded for more severe physical fouls.

8.2. (b) Explain allowance for time lost in football. (Any three). [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Substitutions made during the match.
2. Assessment and removal of injured players for treatment.
3. Time wasting by players or any other cause determined by the referee.

Teacher's Note:
a) Added time (stoppage time) is signaled by the fourth official at the end of each half.
b) Referees maintain absolute discretion over time allowances.

8.2. (c) Explain the importance of red card and yellow card in football. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Yellow card: Used by the referee to officially caution a player for unsporting behavior, dissent, or persistent fouls.
2. Red card: Used to send off a player from the field for serious foul play, violent conduct, or receiving a second cautionable offense.
3. Both cards maintain discipline, safety, and fair play on the field.

Teacher's Note:
a) Two yellow cards in a match result in an automatic red card.
b) Essential disciplinary tools introduced in international tournaments.

8.3. (a) Mention any four duties of the referee in football. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Enforces the laws of the game during the match.
2. Acts as timekeeper and keeps a record of the match score.
3. Ensures that player equipment and match balls meet the required specifications.
4. Stops, suspends, or terminates the match for any infringements or outside interference.

Teacher's Note:
a) The referee's decisions on facts connected with play are final.
b) Pre-match inspections and on-field control are core referee duties.

8.3. (b) Differentiate between goal kick and corner kick. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Goal kick: Awarded to the defending team when the ball crosses the goal line last touched by an attacking player; taken from the goal area.
2. Corner kick: Awarded to the attacking team when the ball crosses the goal line last touched by a defending player; taken from the nearest corner arc.

Teacher's Note:
a) Clearly differentiate based on who last touched the ball and restart location.
b) Present differences in structured points or comparative format.

Q9. HOCKEY [25 Marks]

9.1. (a) Explain the term Rebound in hockey. [1 Mark]

Answer:
A rebound occurs when the ball bounces back into play from the goalkeeper or goalpost after an unsuccessful shot on goal.

Teacher's Note:
a) Forwards position themselves near the circle to capitalize on rebounds.
b) Quick reflexes are required for scoring off rebounds.

9.1. (b) Explain the following term in hockey:
Through pass [1 Mark]

Answer:
A pass played into open space behind the defensive line for a teammate to run onto and receive.

Teacher's Note:
a) Breaks defensive structures effectively.
b) Requires precision timing between passer and receiver.

9.1. (c) Explain the following term in hockey:
Rusher [1 Mark]

Answer:
During a penalty corner, a defensive player who dashes out from the goal line towards the attacking player taking a shot from the top of the circle.

Teacher's Note:
a) Rushers aim to block the initial shot on goal during penalty corners.
b) Requires courage and speed.

9.1. (d) Explain the following term in hockey:
Forehand [1 Mark]

Answer:
Playing the ball to the right side of the player using the flat side of the hockey stick in a forward motion.

Teacher's Note:
a) The standard and most powerful side for striking the ball in hockey.
b) Contrast with backhand strokes.

9.2. (a) State any three occasions when the umpire blows the whistle in the game. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. To start and end each quarter of the match.
2. To signal the start of a bully.
3. To enforce penalties or signal fouls and stoppages in play.

Teacher's Note:
a) The whistle controls the flow of the game.
b) Different whistle blasts indicate different infringements or restarts.

9.2. (b) List any three "Do not" that players are to avoid during a game. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Players must not use the stick in a dangerous or reckless manner.
2. They must not touch, handle, or interfere with other players, their sticks, or clothing.
3. They must not play the ball with the rounded back of their stick.

Teacher's Note:
a) Back-stick and dangerous play are major fouls in field hockey.
b) Safety rules are strictly enforced by umpires.

9.2. (c) Explain the term centre pass in hockey. [3 Marks]

Teacher's Note:
a) All opposing players must be in their own half during a center pass.
b) Key protocol for match initiation and restarts after goals.

9.3. (a) Answer the following:
Length and breadth of the hockey play field. [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Length of the field: 91.40 meters
2. Breadth of the field: 55 meters

Teacher's Note:
a) Standard dimensions of an international hockey pitch.
b) Measurements must be memorized accurately with units.

9.3. (b) Answer the following:
The duration of the game for men and women. [1 Mark]

Answer:
The game for men and women lasts 60 minutes, divided into four quarters of 15 minutes each.

Teacher's Note:
a) Modern FIH rules use four quarters rather than two halves.
b) Brief intervals occur between quarters.

9.3. (c) Write the height and width of the goal post. [1 Mark]

Answer:
The distance between the inside of the posts is 3.66 meters (4 yards) and the height of the crossbar from the ground is 2.14 meters (7 feet). *(Note: Official hockey goal dimensions are 3.66m width and 2.14m height).*

Teacher's Note:
a) Ensure hockey goal dimensions are not confused with football or handball goals.
b)

9.3. (d) Answer the following.
Weight and Circumference of the hockey ball. [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Ball's weight: 156 - 163 grams
2. Ball's circumference: 224 mm - 235 mm

Teacher's Note:
a) Official specifications set by the International Hockey Federation (FIH).
b) Precise numerical values are expected in board exams.

Q10. HOCKEY [25 Marks]

10.1. (a) Explain the following term in hockey:
Undercutting [1 Mark]

Answer:
A penalty called for a forceful swing of the stick under the ball to deliberately raise it into the air dangerously.

Teacher's Note:
a) Raising the ball intentionally in a dangerous manner is penalized for player safety.
b) Distinct from legitimate flicks and scoops.

10.1. (b) Explain the following term in hockey:
Loose dribble [1 Mark]

Answer:
A dribbling technique where the player continually taps the ball forward while sprinting rather than keeping constant stick contact, allowing quicker advancement.

Teacher's Note:
a) Used when moving into open space at high speed.
b) Contrast with close Indian dribbling.

10.1. (c) Explain the following term in hockey:
A temporary suspension [1 Mark]

Answer:
A penalty (indicated by a green or yellow card) where a player is temporarily suspended from the game for a specified duration (e.g., minimum 5 minutes for yellow).

Teacher's Note:
a) Leaves the team a player short during the suspension period.
b) Green card is usually a 2-minute suspension in modern rules.

10.1. (d) Explain the following term in hockey:
Long corner [1 Mark]

Answer:
A free hit awarded to the attacking team on the sideline when a defender accidentally plays the ball over the backline.

Teacher's Note:
a) Taken from a designated spot on the 23-meter line in modern hockey rules.
b) Replaces older penalty corner rules for unintentional backline clearances.

10.2. (a) Write down the six fundamental skills involved in the game of hockey. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Passing
2. Dribbling
3. Indian dribble
4. Shooting
5. Push
6. Drive

Teacher's Note:
a) Fundamental skills form the bedrock of hockey training and gameplay.
b) Listing six recognized skills earns full marks.

10.2. (b) Name any three national tournaments in hockey. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Nehru Senior Hockey Tournament
2. All India Gurmeet Memorial Hockey Tournament, Chandigarh
3. All India Chhatrapati Shivaji Hockey Tournament, Delhi

Teacher's Note:
a) India has a rich domestic hockey tournament calendar.
b) Memorize at least three premier national competitions.

10.2. (c) List three offences of defenders penalized with a penalty corner. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. An unintentional offence committed by a defender inside the shooting circle.
2. An intentional infraction committed by a defender outside the circle but within the 23-meter zone.
3. A defender purposefully playing the ball over their own backline.

Teacher's Note:
a) Penalty corners are major scoring opportunities in hockey.
b) Know the exact geographical thresholds (circle vs 23-meter zone) for infractions.

10.3. (a) Explain the following term in hockey:
Sideline hit [1 Mark]

Answer:
A restart taken by the opposing team from the exact point where the ball crossed the sideline out of bounds.

Teacher's Note:
a) Opponents must stand at least 5 meters away during a sideline hit.
b) Similar to throw-ins in football but played with the stick.

10.3. (b) Explain the term Back stick in hockey. [1 Mark]

Answer:
An illegal stroke in which the ball is struck with the rounded, non-flat back of the hockey stick.

Teacher's Note:
a) Playing the ball with the back of the stick results in a free hit to the opposing team.
b) Fundamental rule violation regarding stick usage.

10.3. (c) Explain the following term in hockey:
Man to man marking [1 Mark]

Answer:
A defensive strategy where each defender is assigned to closely mark a specific opponent to intercept passes and prevent shots.

Teacher's Note:
a) Defenders must maintain ball-side and goal-side positioning.
b) Used extensively during penalty corners and defensive pressing.

10.3. (d) Explain the following term in hockey:
Manufactured foul [1 Mark]

Answer:
When a player intentionally causes a foul or exaggerates contact to gain an unfair advantage or penalty against an opponent.

Teacher's Note:
a) Unsportsmanlike conduct penalized by umpires.
b) Fair play is emphasized in all FIH rules.

Q11. BASKETBALL [25 Marks]

11.1. (a) Explain the following term in basketball:
Loose ball [1 Mark]

Answer:
A live ball that is currently not in the possession or control of either team.

Teacher's Note:
a) Both teams have an equal right to secure a loose ball.
b) Frequently results in scrambles or jump ball situations.

11.1. (b) Explain the following term in Basketball:
Double foul [1 Mark]

Answer:
A situation where two opponents commit personal fouls against each other at approximately the same time; no free throws are awarded, and play resumes at the point of interruption.

Teacher's Note:
a) Fouls are recorded against both players.
b) Play restarts via the possession arrow or jump ball depending on rules.

11.1. (c) Explain the following term in basketball:
Jump ball [1 Mark]

Answer:
A method of starting or restarting play where an official tosses the ball into the air between two opposing players who attempt to tap it to their teammates.

Teacher's Note:
a) Used traditionally to start the game at the center circle.
b) Modern alternating possession arrows handle most subsequent jump ball situations.

11.1. (d) Explain the following term in basketball:
Fake [1 Mark]

Answer:
A deceptive movement (such as a pass fake or shot fake) made with the aim of misleading an opponent.

Teacher's Note:
a) Used to create space for shooting or passing.
b) Fundamental offensive skill.

11.2. (a) State any three duties of timekeeper in basketball. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. To set the game clock at the beginning of periods and operate it accurately.
2. To start and stop the clock as indicated by the referee's signals.
3. To ensure the game clock signal sounds automatically and loudly at the end of each period.

Teacher's Note:
a) Table officials play a crucial administrative role in basketball.
b) Timekeepers must coordinate closely with referees.

11.2. (b) Mention any three violations that may occur during the course of the game. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Traveling (moving with the ball without proper dribbling).
2. Double dribble (dribbling the ball with both hands or starting a second dribble).
3. Three-seconds violation (offensive player remaining in the restricted area for over 3 seconds).

Teacher's Note:
a) Violations result in loss of possession via a throw-in.
b) Distinguish clearly between violations and fouls.

11.2. (c) When does a team forfeit its right to play? [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Fifteen minutes after the scheduled start time if the team is missing or unable to field five players.
2. When its actions prevent the game from being played.
3. When it refuses to play after being instructed to do so by the referee.

Teacher's Note:
a) Forfeiture leads to a loss by default.
b) Strict time limits apply for team assembly.

11.3. (a) Explain the term charging in basketball. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Charging is a personal foul committed by an offensive player who pushes or runs into a defensive player who has established a stationary legal guarding position.
2. If the defender is not stationary or does not establish position in time, the foul is called blocking against the defender.
3. It requires split-second judgment by officials during collisions.

Teacher's Note:
a) Often one of the most difficult calls for basketball referees.
b) Results in turnover and personal foul against the offensive player.

11.3. (b) What is the weight and circumference of the ball? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Circumference: 75 - 78 cm (Size 7 for men)
2. Weight: 600 - 650 grams

Teacher's Note:
a) Official FIBA basketball specifications.
b) Memorize exact numerical ranges for ball dimensions.

11.3. (c) What is a game clock in basketball? [1 Mark]

Answer:
A digital countdown clock that displays remaining playing time, sounds an automatic signal at zero, and stops whenever the ball becomes dead.

Teacher's Note:
a) Must be visible to players, officials, and spectators.
b) Shows tenths of seconds during the final minute of periods.

11.3. (d) What is the length and breadth of the basketball court? [1 Mark]

Answer:
1. Length of the court: 28 meters
2. Breadth of the court: 15 meters

Teacher's Note:
a) Standard FIBA playing court dimensions.
b) Court dimensions are standard factual questions.

Q12. BASKETBALL [25 Marks]

12.1. (a) Explain the following term in basketball:
Dead ball [1 Mark]

Answer:
A ball that is not live, occurring after a successful field goal, free throw, official whistle, or when the ball leaves the court boundaries.

Teacher's Note:
a) No points can be scored while the ball is dead.
b) Contrast live ball and dead ball states.

12.1. (b) Explain the following term in basketball.
Triple threat [1 Mark]

Answer:
An offensive stance where a player who has not yet dribbled holds the ball with knees bent, enabling them to shoot, pass, or drive.

Teacher's Note:
a) Gives the ball handler maximum offensive options.
b) Fundamental stance taught in youth basketball.

12.1. (c) Explain the following term in basketball:
Fast break [1 Mark]

Answer:
An offensive action where a team rapidly advances the ball down the court to score before the defense can set up, following a steal or rebound.

Teacher's Note:
a) Emphasizes speed and transition play.
b) Highly effective scoring strategy.

12.1. (d) Explain the following term in basketball.
Box out [1 Mark]

Answer:
A player's technique of positioning their body between their opponent and the basket to secure rebounds and prevent opponents from getting the ball.

Teacher's Note:
a) Essential for defensive and offensive rebounding success.
b) Requires proper body positioning and leverage.

12.2. (a) Name any three time-rule violations in basketball. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Three-seconds rule (remaining in the restricted area for over 3 seconds).
2. Five-seconds rule (holding the ball while closely guarded without passing, shooting, or dribbling).
3. Eight-seconds rule (failing to advance the ball from the backcourt to the frontcourt within 8 seconds).

Teacher's Note:
a) Time violations ensure fast-paced play.
b) Note the inclusion of the 24-second shot clock rule as well.

12.2. (b) Name any three international tournaments in basketball. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. FIBA World Championship (Basketball World Cup)
2. European Basketball Championship (EuroBasket)
3. FIBA Asia Championship

Teacher's Note:
a) Major international competitions organized by FIBA.
b) Memorize prominent global and regional tournaments.

12.2. (c) State any three technical equipment of the table officials in basketball. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Game clock and stopwatch
2. 24-second / 30-second timing devices
3. Scoresheet and scoreboard

Teacher's Note:
a) Table officials rely on specialized equipment to track time and fouls.
b) Listing three items satisfies the requirement.

12.3. (a) Explain the term Free throw in basketball. [1 Mark]

Answer:
An uncontested opportunity given to a player to score one point from behind the free-throw line following a foul by the opposing team.

Teacher's Note:
a) Awarded for shooting fouls or when the team is in the penalty situation.
b) Taken from the free-throw line without defensive interference.

12.3. (b) What is screening in basketball? [1 Mark]

Answer:
An offensive attempt to delay or prevent an opponent without the ball from reaching a desired position on the court.

Teacher's Note:
a) Also known as a pick.
b) Must be set with stationary feet to avoid illegal moving screen fouls.

12.3. (c) Explain the term drive in basketball. [1 Mark]

Answer:
An aggressive attacking movement where a player dribbles forcefully towards the basket in an attempt to score.

Teacher's Note:
a) Puts pressure on the defensive line.
b) Often results in layups, fouls, or kick-out passes.

12.3. (d) Explain the term carry in basketball. [1 Mark]

Answer:
A violation that occurs when a player places their hand underneath the ball while dribbling, lifting it momentarily.

Teacher's Note:
a) Also known as palming.
b) Results in a turnover and throw-in for the opponents.

Q13. VOLLEYBALL [25 Marks]

13.1. (a) Explain the following term in volleyball:
Free ball [1 Mark]

Answer:
A ball returned by the opponent via an easy pass rather than a spike, allowing the receiving team to set up an attack easily.

Teacher's Note:
a) Defending players often call out "Free ball!" to alert teammates.
b) Presents a prime scoring opportunity.

13.1. (b) Explain the following term in volleyball:
Foot fault [1 Mark]

Answer:
An incorrect placement of the feet in relation to court lines, such as stepping on or over the baseline during a serve or crossing the center line.

Teacher's Note:
a) Results in a fault and loss of rally/point.
b) Monitored by line judges and referees.

13.1. (c) Explain the following term in volleyball:
Spike or smash [1 Mark]

Answer:
An attacking hit where a player jumps and strikes the ball hard downward into the opponent's court.

Teacher's Note:
a) The most powerful scoring shot in volleyball.
b) Requires coordination of approach, jump, arm swing, and contact.

13.1. (d) Explain the following term in volleyball:
Positional fault [1 Mark]

Answer:
A fault committed when a team is not in its correct rotational order on the court at the exact moment the server hits the ball.

Teacher's Note:
a) Players must maintain rotational positions until service contact.
b) Results in a point and service to the opposing team.

13.2. (a) Explain the term incomplete team. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. An incomplete team is one that has fewer than the required six players on its roster or court.
2. A team declared incomplete for a set or match automatically loses that set or match.
3. In certain sanctioned tournaments, a minimum of 5 players may be permitted to play under specific conditions.

Teacher's Note:
a) Teams must maintain full player quotas to compete legally.
b) Default rules apply to incomplete rosters.

13.2. (b) Explain the procedure of substitution during play. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Substitutions must be performed within the designated substitution zone.
2. The coach or captain must request a substitution using official hand signals.
3. The second referee acknowledges the request, and the substitution is recorded on the scoresheet as players enter and exit.

Teacher's Note:
a) Substitutions must be conducted swiftly to avoid game delays.
b) Follow official referee protocols.

13.2. (c) Mention any three duties of line judges in volleyball. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Signaling whether the ball lands "in" or "out" near their assigned lines.
2. Signaling if the ball touches the antenna or crosses outside the crossing space.
3. Signaling foot faults by servers or players stepping out of position.

Teacher's Note:
a) Line judges use flags to communicate decisions to the referee.
b) Crucial officials for line-call accuracy.

13.3. (a) Explain the term double contact in volleyball. [1 Mark]

Answer:
A fault where a player hits the ball twice in succession or the ball contacts various parts of their body in sequence.

Teacher's Note:
a) Except during blocking or first team hits in certain contexts, consecutive touches are illegal.
b) Results in loss of rally.

13.3. (b) When is the ball considered "out"? [1 Mark]

Answer:
The ball is out when it lands completely outside the boundary lines, hits an object outside the court or ceiling, or touches the antenna.

Teacher's Note:
a) Lines are part of the court; touching the line is "in".
b) Know all criteria for ball-out calls.

13.3. (c) When and by whom was volleyball invented? [1 Mark]

Answer:
Volleyball was invented by William G. Morgan in 1895 at the YMCA gymnasium in Holyoke, Massachusetts, USA.

Teacher's Note:
a) Originally named "Mintonette".
b) Historical facts about sports origins are frequent 1-mark questions.

13.3. (d) What is 'Quick hit' in volleyball? [1 Mark]

Answer:
A fast, low attacking hit executed quickly right in front of or behind the setter by a middle blocker or hitter.

Teacher's Note:
a) Designed to catch the opposing blockers off guard.
b) Requires precise timing between setter and spiker.

Q14. VOLLEYBALL [25 Marks]

14.1. (a) What is meant by service area? [1 Mark]

Answer:
A 9-meter wide area behind each end line bounded by two short lines representing the service zone.

Teacher's Note:
a) Servers must execute the serve from within this zone.
b) Dimensions of court zones are important.

14.1. (b) What are side bands? [1 Mark]

Answer:
Two white bands fastened vertically to the net directly above each sideline, considered part of the net.

Teacher's Note:
a) Define boundaries for passing the ball over the net.
b) Balls passing outside the side bands are out of bounds.

14.1. (c) Who requests the referee for a substitution? [1 Mark]

Answer:
The coach or team captain verbally or via hand signal requests the substitution from the referee.

Teacher's Note:
a) Only designated team leaders can request substitutions.
b) Process ensures organized game administration.

14.1. (d) When is the service changed during a match? [1 Mark]

Answer:
The service changes (side-out) whenever the receiving team wins a rally, leading to their players rotating one position clockwise.

Teacher's Note:
a) Rally point system awards a point and serve on every error.
b) Understand rotation mechanics upon regaining service.

14.2. (a) Name any three important tournaments of volleyball. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Poornima Trophy
2. FIVB Volleyball World Championship
3. FIVB Volleyball World Cup

Teacher's Note:
a) Both national and international tournaments should be remembered.
b) Poornima Trophy is notable in Indian women's volleyball.

14.2. (b) List any three blocking faults of volleyball player. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. A back-row player or libero completing a block or participating in a completed block.
2. The blocker touching the net during the blocking action.
3. Interfering with an opponent's play in their own space across or under the net.

Teacher's Note:
a) Blocking rules are strictly enforced at the net.
b) Back-row players cannot block.

14.2. (c) State any three ways a team can score a point in a game of volleyball. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. By successfully grounding the ball on the opponent's court floor.
2. When the opposing team commits a fault.
3. When the opposing team receives a penalty.

Teacher's Note:
a) Volleyball operates on rally-point scoring.
b) Every rally results in a point for one side.

14.3. (a) Explain the term Four Hits. [1 Mark]

Answer:
A fault called when a team hits the ball four times before returning it across the net, as teams are entitled to a maximum of three hits.

Teacher's Note:
a) Blocking contact does not count towards the three-hit limit.
b) Exceeding three touches results in a point for the opponents.

14.3. (b) Explain the following term in volleyball:
Double block [1 Mark]

Answer:
An action where two defensive players jump together near the net to block or deflect an opponent's attack.

Teacher's Note:
a) Increases defensive coverage at the net.
b) Requires close coordination between blockers.

14.3. (c) Explain the following term in volleyball:
Prolonged interruption [1 Mark]

Answer:
An extended stoppage of the match due to unforeseen circumstances where referees and organizers decide steps to restore conditions.

Teacher's Note:
a) Handles emergency match suspensions.
b) Governed by tournament control committees.

14.3. (d) Explain the following term in volleyball:
A misconduct [1 Mark]

Answer:
Any improper behavior, deception, disrespect, or unsportsmanlike conduct by a player on or near the court.

Teacher's Note:
a) Penalized with cards (yellow/red) leading to sanctions.
b) Maintains sportsmanship standards.

Q15. BADMINTON [25 Marks]

15.1. (a) Explain the following term in badminton:
Short serve [1 Mark]

Answer:
A serve executed with little or no wrist action, contacting the shuttle at thigh level and guiding it low and close to the net into the receiver's court.

Teacher's Note:
a) Commonly used in doubles to prevent attacking returns.
b) Must land within the short service line.

15.1. (b) Explain the following term in badminton:
Clear lob [1 Mark]

Answer:
Hitting the shuttlecock high and deep towards the opponent's baseline.

Teacher's Note:
a) Used as a defensive stroke to buy time and push opponents back.
b) Can also be played offensively as an attacking clear.

15.1. (c) Explain the following term in badminton.
An alley [1 Mark]

Answer:
The side extension area on each side of the court used exclusively during doubles matches, also known as the side alley.

Teacher's Note:
a) Singles courts exclude the side alleys.
b) Understand court marking boundaries for singles vs doubles.

15.1. (d) Explain the following term in badminton:
Lunge [1 Mark]

Answer:
A movement involving taking a large step forward or sideways into a low posture with the leading knee bent to reach and return a low shot.

Teacher's Note:
a) Essential footwork skill for net play.
b) Protects joints and maintains balance during quick retrievals.

15.2. (a) Write any three fundamental skills of badminton. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Grip (Forehand and Backhand grips)
2. Footwork (Pattern of movement covering court corners)
3. Serves and Strokes (High/Low serves, overhead and underarm strokes)

Teacher's Note:
a) Proper grip and footwork form the foundation of badminton technique.
b) List three broad skill categories for full credit.

15.2. (b) Name any three international tournaments in badminton. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. BWF World Championships
2. Thomas Cup
3. Uber Cup *(or All England Open)*

Teacher's Note:
a) Prominent major BWF tournaments.
b) Thomas Cup and Uber Cup are premier men's and women's team championships.

15.2. (c) When is a 'Let' awarded in badminton? [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. When a rally ends with neither side winning or losing due to unforeseen interruptions.
2. When the server serves before the receiver is prepared.
3. When the shuttle is caught on top of the net or sticks in the net after passing over during a rally.

Teacher's Note:
a) A let results in the rally being replayed without change to the score.
b) Memorize common conditions for awarding lets.

15.3. (a) Write a short note on All. [1 Mark]

Answer:
A term used when both scores are equal (e.g., 2-2 is called "2 All"), with the leader's or last rally winner's score stated first.

Teacher's Note:
a) Standard terminology used by umpires when scores are tied.
b) Example: "10-All".

15.3. (b) Write a short note on Service judge. [1 Mark]

Answer:
An official sitting opposite the umpire in international matches responsible for determining whether a player's service action complies with the rules.

Teacher's Note:
a) Assists the umpire in judging service faults.
b) Common in high-level BWF tournaments.

15.3. (c) Write a short note on Types of grips. [1 Mark]

Answer:
The two primary grips are the Forehand Grip (shaking hands with the racket handle) and the Backhand Grip (thumb placed flat along the wide bevel for power and control).

Teacher's Note:
a) Proper grip technique prevents wrist injuries and optimizes shot power.
b) Essential for executing different strokes effectively.

15.3. (d) Write a short note on A carry. [1 Mark]

Answer:
An illegal return where the shuttle is caught on the racket face and flung or thrown over the net rather than struck cleanly.

Teacher's Note:
a) Also referred to as a sling or throw.
b) Results in a fault and loss of rally.

Q16. BADMINTON [25 Marks]

16.1. (a) Explain the following term in badminton:
Rear court [1 Mark]

Answer:
The back area of the court near the baseline.

Teacher's Note:
a) Used for executing clears, smashes, and drop shots from the back.
b) Contrast with forecourt and midcourt.

16.1. (b) Explain the term Rally in badminton. [1 Mark]

Answer:
A sequence of one or more strokes starting with the service until the shuttle ceases to be in play.

Teacher's Note:
a) A rally is won when the shuttle lands on the opponent's floor or they commit a fault.
b) Fundamental unit of scoring in badminton matches.

16.1. (c) Explain the following term in badminton.
Wood shot [1 Mark]

Answer:
A legal return resulting from the shuttle hitting the wooden or graphite frame of the racket rather than the strings.

Teacher's Note:
a) Previously considered a fault, wood shots are now legal returns if unintentional.
b) Often results in unpredictable shuttle trajectories.

16.1. (d) Explain the following term in badminton:
Bird [1 Mark]

Answer:
Another common name for the shuttlecock.

Teacher's Note:
a) Slang term widely used by players and coaches.
b) Refers to the feathered or synthetic projectile used in badminton.

16.2. (a) Explain any three scoring systems in badminton. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Modern BWF Rally Point System: Matches consist of best of 3 games of 21 points each, with a cap at 30 points.
2. Every time a serve occurs, a point is awarded to the side winning the rally.
3. If the score reaches 29-29, the side scoring the 30th point wins that game.

Teacher's Note:
a) The rally-point scoring system speeded up modern badminton matches.
b) Explain rules clearly according to BWF standards.

16.2. (b) Names the types of games in badminton. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Singles (Men's Singles and Women's Singles)
2. Doubles (Men's Doubles and Women's Doubles)
3. Mixed Doubles (One male and one female player per team)

Teacher's Note:
a) Three primary competitive formats recognized in badminton.
b) Court boundaries and service rules vary between singles and doubles.

16.2. (c) State any three duties of an umpire in badminton. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Uphold and enforce the laws of badminton, calling faults and lets when they occur.
2. Make decisions on any appeal regarding disputes if raised before the next service.
3. Record and report all matters relating to continuous play, misconduct, and penalties to the referee.

Teacher's Note:
a) The umpire has absolute authority over the match management.
b) Maintains score sheets and discipline.

16.3. (a) Explain the following term in badminton:
Drop shot [1 Mark]

Answer:
A soft, delicate shot hit from the forecourt or midcourt that drops gently just over the net into the opponent's side.

Teacher's Note:
a) Deceives opponents who are expecting deep clears or smashes.
b) Available in fast and slow variations.

16.3. (b) Explain the following term in badminton:
Smash [1 Mark]

Answer:
A powerful, steep attacking stroke hit from high in the air downward into the opponent's court at high speed.

Teacher's Note:
a) The ultimate winning shot in badminton rallies.
b) Difficult to return due to steep trajectory and speed.

16.3. (c) Explain the following term in badminton.
Follow through [1 Mark]

Answer:
The smooth continuation of the racket swing after making contact with the shuttlecock.

Teacher's Note:
a) Essential for shot accuracy and preventing arm strain.
b) Part of proper stroke mechanics.

16.3. (d) Explain the following term in badminton:
Service order [1 Mark]

Answer:
The prescribed sequence in which players serve based on their score (even score serving from the right court, odd score from the left court).

Teacher's Note:
a) Prevents service rotation errors during matches.
b) Fundamental rule of badminton officiating.