ICSE Class 10 Physical Education Board Exam Question Paper 2023 with Solutions

ISC Class 12 Physical Education Board Exam Question Paper with Solutions

SECTION A

Question 1 [20 Marks]
Choose the correct answers to the questions from the given options.
(Do not copy the questions, write the correct answers only.)

(i) Adulthood starts from _________ years onwards. [1 Mark]
(a) 17
(b) 18
(c) 19
(d) 20

Answer: (b) 18

Legally and biologically, the onset of adulthood is widely recognized from 18 years of age.

Teacher's Note:
a) Adulthood marks the end of adolescence and involves full legal and social responsibilities.
b) Students must remember standard developmental stage age ranges.

(ii) What is the full form of ACL? [1 Mark]
(a) Anatomy Cruciate Ligament
(b) Anterior Cramp Ligament
(c) Anatomy Collateral Ligament
(d) Anterior Cruciate Ligament

Answer: (d) Anterior Cruciate Ligament

ACL stands for Anterior Cruciate Ligament, a key stabilizing ligament in the knee.

Teacher's Note:
a) ACL injuries are very common in sports involving sudden stops or changes in direction.
b) Pay close attention to medical terminology spelling in sports medicine questions.

(iii) The passing of traits from parents to their offspring is known as _________. [1 Mark]
(a) Puberty
(b) Infancy
(c) Childhood
(d) Heredity

Answer: (d) Heredity

Heredity is the biological transmission of genetic characteristics from parents to offspring.

Teacher's Note:
a) Heredity determines potential physical and physiological traits like body type and muscle fiber composition.
b) Do not confuse heredity with environment or maturation.

(iv) The ability to stay upright in control of body movement: [1 Mark]
(a) Balance
(b) Strength
(c) Power
(d) Agility

Answer: (a) Balance

Balance is the ability to maintain the line of gravity of a body within its base of support with minimal postural sway.

Teacher's Note:
a) Balance can be static or dynamic depending on whether the body is stationary or moving.
b) Read definitions of physical components carefully to distinguish balance from agility or stability.

(v) To develop the ability to respect the attitudes and values of others is _________. [1 Mark]
(a) Emotional development
(b) Physical development
(c) Social development
(d) Psychological development

Answer: (c) Social development

Social development involves learning to interact appropriately, cooperate, and respect others within a community.

Teacher's Note:
a) Team sports and physical education settings provide ideal environments for social growth.
b) Associate values, teamwork, and sportsmanship directly with social development.

(vi) Which body type can be characterised by a round body? [1 Mark]
(a) Endomorph
(b) Ectomorph
(c) Mesomorph
(d) None of these

Answer: (a) Endomorph

Endomorphs are characterized by a soft, round body with a tendency to store excess body fat.

Teacher's Note:
a) Sheldon's somatotypes classify human physiques into endomorph, mesomorph, and ectomorph.
b) Mesomorphs are muscular, while ectomorphs are lean and linear.

(vii) The ability to cover the maximum distance in minimum time is: [1 Mark]
(a) Endurance
(b) Speed
(c) Strength
(d) Flexibility

Answer: (b) Speed

Speed is defined as the capacity of an individual to perform successive movements of the same pattern at a fast rate.

Teacher's Note:
a) Speed depends heavily on the central nervous system and fast-twitch muscle fibers.
b) Distinguish speed from endurance, which relates to sustaining activity over time.

(viii) Which option is not a prevention of an injury? [1 Mark]
(a) Warming up and cooling down to be done.
(b) Fitness of the participant.
(c) Proper Training of skills.
(d) Not resting between workout, using faulty skills and equipment.

Answer: (d) Not resting between workout, using faulty skills and equipment.

Faulty skills, improper equipment, and lack of rest are causes of injuries rather than preventive measures.

Teacher's Note:
a) Injury prevention relies on proper conditioning, warm-ups, adequate rest, and correct technique.
b) Read negative questions carefully to identify harmful practices.

(ix) A diet containing right amount of nutrients for efficient working of body is called: [1 Mark]
(a) Food
(b) Diet
(c) Stapled diet
(d) Balanced diet

Answer: (d) Balanced diet

A balanced diet provides all essential nutrients in correct proportions for proper bodily functioning and health.

Teacher's Note:
a) A balanced diet includes carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water.
b) Do not confuse general diet with a balanced diet.

(x) Which of the following statements correctly defines strength? [1 Mark]
(a) The power that helps to lift and carry objects.
(b) The capacity to move a body part or whole body at a faster rate.
(c) The ability to resist fatigue.
(d) The ability to stretch muscles using external help.

Answer: (a) The power that helps to lift and carry objects.

Strength is the ability of muscles to overcome resistance or act against resistance.

Teacher's Note:
a) Muscular strength is essential for exerting force against heavy loads.
b) Option (b) defines speed, and option (c) defines endurance.

(xi) _________ is an important element which makes-up for almost 70% of our body weight. [1 Mark]
(a) Water
(b) Fiber
(c) Minerals
(d) Fats

Answer: (a) Water

Water is the largest component of the human body, constituting approximately 60 to 70 percent of total body weight.

Teacher's Note:
a) Water regulates body temperature, transports nutrients, and removes waste.
b) Ensure students know basic physiological body composition facts.

(xii) Training at an appropriate intensity and gradually increasing the amount of stress placed on the body is known as: [1 Mark]
(a) Progressive Overload
(b) Intensity
(c) Adaptation
(d) Specificity

Answer: (a) Progressive Overload

Progressive overload is the gradual increase of stress placed upon the body during exercise training to stimulate improvements.

Teacher's Note:
a) This principle ensures continuous physical fitness development without injury.
b) Distinguish progressive overload from specificity and adaptation.

(xiii) _________ is not a factor which affects our diet. [1 Mark]
(a) Age
(b) Gender
(c) Body weight
(d) Personality

Answer: (d) Personality

Nutritional requirements are primarily influenced by physiological factors like age, gender, and body weight, not personality.

Teacher's Note:
a) Physiological needs, activity level, and climate directly alter dietary needs.
b) Personality does not dictate basal metabolic rate or direct caloric requirements.

(xiv) The body cannot repair itself without rest and _________. [1 Mark]
(a) Continuity
(b) Adaptation
(c) Recovery
(d) Frequency

Answer: (c) Recovery

Recovery allows physiological systems to repair tissue damage and replenish energy stores post-exercise.

Teacher's Note:
a) Overtraining occurs when stress exceeds recovery capacity.
b) Emphasize recovery as a vital component of any training schedule.

(xv) The full form of PRICE is: [1 Mark]
(a) Provide, Rest, Infect, Compress, Elevate
(b) Protect, Rest, Ice, Compress, Elevate
(c) Protect, Rest, Ice, Compact, Elevate
(d) Provide, Rest, Ice, Compact, Elevate

Answer: (b) Protect, Rest, Ice, Compress, Elevate

PRICE is the standard immediate first aid protocol for soft tissue sports injuries.

Teacher's Note:
a) Earlier known as RICE, protection (P) was added to prevent further injury.
b) Memorize all steps of the acronym for practical sports safety questions.

(xvi) The ability of the body to change direction quickly: [1 Mark]
(a) Agility
(b) Co-ordination
(c) Flexibility
(d) Speed

Answer: (a) Agility

Agility is the ability to change the direction of the body in space rapidly and efficiently.

Teacher's Note:
a) Agility combines speed, balance, strength, and coordination.
b) Common in sports like badminton, basketball, and football.

(xvii) _________ means increase in size, height, length or weight. [1 Mark]
(a) Growth
(b) Development
(c) Body types
(d) Obesity

Answer: (a) Growth

Growth refers to quantitative physical changes such as height, weight, and body size.

Teacher's Note:
a) Growth is structural, whereas development is functional and qualitative.
b) Frequently tested distinction in physical education.

(xviii) Periodization means: [1 Mark]
(a) The regular training of sports and games.
(b) The irregular workout during sports and games.
(c) The specific process of training and work load every day.
(d) The systematic planning of athletic or physical training.

Answer: (d) The systematic planning of athletic or physical training.

Periodization is the systematic division of a training year into smaller, manageable periods to achieve peak performance.

Teacher's Note:
a) It involves macrocycles, mesocycles, and microcycles.
b) Prevents overtraining and optimizes peak conditioning for competitions.

(xix) The physical strength decreases in _________ stage. [1 Mark]
(a) Adolescence
(b) Infancy
(c) Old age
(d) Adulthood

Answer: (c) Old age

In old age, biological aging leads to a gradual decline in muscle mass, bone density, and physical strength.

Teacher's Note:
a) Aging reduces physiological capacity across all organ systems.
b) Regular exercise can slow down this decline.

(xx) Overstretching of ligament causes: [1 Mark]
(a) Fracture
(b) Sprain
(c) Concussion
(d) Shin Splint

Answer: (b) Sprain

A sprain is an injury involving the stretching or tearing of ligaments.

Teacher's Note:
a) Strains involve muscles or tendons, while sprains involve ligaments.
b) Essential distinction in injury management questions.

Question 2

(i) State any two differences between growth and development. [2 Marks]

Answer:
1. Growth refers to quantitative physical changes such as increase in height, weight, and size, whereas development refers to qualitative functional and behavioral changes.
2. Growth stops after maturation (reaching adulthood), whereas development is a continuous process that proceeds throughout a person's lifetime.

Teacher's Note:
a) Clearly contrast quantitative/structural (growth) with qualitative/functional (development).
b) State distinct points without overlapping definitions to secure full marks.

(ii) What is first aid? [2 Marks]

Answer:
First aid is the immediate and temporary care given to an injured or suddenly ill person before professional medical help arrives. Its primary aims are to preserve life, prevent the condition from worsening, and promote recovery.

Teacher's Note:
a) Mention that it is immediate and temporary assistance.
b) Highlight the main objectives: preserving life and preventing further harm.

(iii) List any three main objectives of physical education. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Physical development: Enhancing physical fitness, strength, endurance, and overall organ efficiency.
2. Neuromuscular coordination: Developing better coordination between the nervous system and muscular system for efficient movement.
3. Emotional and social development: Fostering emotional stability, leadership, sportsmanship, and cooperation through group activities.

Teacher's Note:
a) Objectives should cover holistic development domains (physical, mental, social, emotional).
b) Bullet points with clear headings make the answer easy to evaluate.

(iv) State any three characteristics of Mesomorph body. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. They possess a solid, muscular, and athletic physique with well-defined muscle mass.
2. They have broad shoulders and a narrow waist, giving them an inverted triangle shape.
3. They generally have minimal body fat and a high metabolic capacity for strength and power sports.

Teacher's Note:
a) Mesomorphs respond quickly to weight training and athletic conditioning.
b) Describe bone structure and muscle distribution accurately.

Question 3

(i) What is flexibility? [2 Marks]

Answer:
Flexibility is the range of motion available at a joint or group of joints. It depends on the extensibility of muscles, tendons, and ligaments surrounding the joint.

Teacher's Note:
a) Mention range of motion explicitly.
b) Differentiate between static and dynamic flexibility if applicable, though a basic definition suffices for 2 marks.

(ii) Explain the term sports training. [2 Marks]

Answer:
Sports training is a systematic, scientific, and pedagogical process aimed at preparing athletes for high-level performance in sports competitions by improving physical, technical, tactical, and psychological capacities.

Teacher's Note:
a) Emphasize that training is systematic and goal-oriented.
b) Mention physical and psychological preparation components.

(iii) State any three preventive measures to be taken in order to avoid Sports Injuries. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Proper warm-up and cool-down routines before and after physical activity to prepare muscles and prevent strains.
2. Using appropriate, well-maintained protective equipment and proper sportswear.
3. Learning and applying correct sports techniques and avoiding overtraining without adequate rest.

Teacher's Note:
a) Focus on practical safety steps applicable in athletic settings.
b) Points should be distinct and actionable.

(iv) Mention any three points on the importance of health education. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. It imparts essential knowledge about hygiene, nutrition, and disease prevention, promoting healthy lifestyle habits.
2. It empowers individuals and communities to make informed decisions regarding personal and public health.
3. It helps reduce morbidity and mortality rates by encouraging early detection and preventive healthcare measures.

Teacher's Note:
a) Health education bridges the gap between health information and health practice.
b) Keep answers focused on awareness, prevention, and lifestyle improvement.

Question 4

(i) Explain the term Physical Fitness. [2 Marks]

Answer:
Physical fitness is the capacity of an individual to carry out daily tasks efficiently without undue fatigue, with ample energy to enjoy leisure pursuits and to meet unforeseen emergencies.

Teacher's Note:
a) Use the standard accepted definition emphasizing lack of fatigue and emergency readiness.
b) Distinguish physical fitness from general health.

(ii) Define the term balanced diet. [2 Marks]

Answer:
A balanced diet is a diet that contains adequate quantities of all necessary nutrient groups - carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, water, and roughage - in correct proportions required for proper growth, energy, and maintenance of health.

Teacher's Note:
a) Keywords required are appropriate proportions and essential nutrients.
b) Brief, precise definitions earn full credit.

(iii) State any three responsibilities of a coach in physical education. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Designing and implementing safe, effective training programs suited to the athletes' abilities.
2. Teaching proper technical skills, tactics, and sportsmanship values.
3. Monitoring athlete health, safety, recovery, and psychological well-being.

Teacher's Note:
a) Coaches play a multifaceted role as mentors, planners, and safety officers.
b) Cover technical, safety, and moral responsibilities.

(iv) List any three components of physical fitness. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Strength
2. Endurance
3. Flexibility

Teacher's Note:
a) Students can also mention speed or coordination as health-related or motor-skill related components.
b) Listing three distinct components satisfies the requirement fully.

SECTION B (50 Marks)

(Attempt two questions from this Section.)

(You must attempt one question on each of the two games of your choice.)

CRICKET

Question 5

(i) Explain the following terms: [8 Marks]

(a) Maiden Over [2 Marks]

Answer:
An over in which a bowler bowls six valid deliveries without conceding any runs to the batting side (excluding byes or leg byes scored off extra deliveries or fielding errors).

Teacher's Note:
a) Must specify 6 legal deliveries and zero runs scored off the bat/bowler.
b) Highlight the significance of building pressure on batsmen.

(b) Reverse sweep [2 Marks]

Answer:
An unorthodox cricket shot where the batsman changes their grip and stance prior to playing the shot, sweeping the ball in the opposite direction of their normal sweep (usually from off side to leg side or vice versa).

Teacher's Note:
a) Requires high hand-eye coordination and agility.
b) Mention stance change and unconventional direction.

(c) Substitute [2 Marks]

Answer:
A player who enters the field to replace an injured member of the fielding team. A substitute can field, but under standard rules, they are not normally permitted to bat or bowl unless approved under specific concussion replacement guidelines.

Teacher's Note:
a) Clarify that substitutes cannot bat or bowl in standard matches.
b) Mention injury replacement context.

(d) Declaration [2 Marks]

Answer:
An action by the batting team's captain where they voluntarily forfeit their innings before all wickets have fallen, usually done to secure sufficient time to bowl out the opposing team.

Teacher's Note:
a) Applicable primarily in multi-day (Test/First-Class) cricket.
b) Captain'-s tactical decision to force a result.

(ii)

(a) Give any three instances when the umpire can call and signal a 'Dead Ball'. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. When the wicketkeeper or bowler catches or gathers the ball and settles it in their hands.
2. When a batsman is severely injured or when interference occurs on the pitch.
3. When the ball gets stuck in the batsman's clothing or equipment.

Teacher's Note:
a) Dead ball means play has ceased and no runs can be scored.
b) List clear rulebook scenarios.

(b) Explain the three types of formats played in cricket. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Test Cricket: The traditional five-day format where each team plays two innings, focusing on endurance and technical skill.
2. One Day International (ODI): A limited-overs format consisting of 50 overs per side, balancing aggression and strategy.
3. Twenty20 (T20): A fast-paced limited-overs format consisting of 20 overs per side, emphasizing high scoring and rapid action.

Teacher's Note:
a) Distinguish formats by duration and over limits.
b) Mention the unique character of each format.

(c) State any three variations of pace bowling. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Outswinger: A delivery that moves away from the batsman in the air after pitching.
2. Inswinger: A delivery that moves inward towards the batsman in the air.
3. Bouncer: A short-pitched delivery aimed to rise past the batsman's chest or head height.

Teacher's Note:
a) Pace bowling variations deceive batsmen using movement and trajectory.
b) Clearly name and define the variations.

(iii) Explain the following terms in cricket: [8 Marks]

(a) Hat trick [2 Marks]

Answer:
When a bowler takes three wickets on three consecutive deliveries in the same match (either in the same over or spread across two overs).

Teacher's Note:
a) Must involve three consecutive wickets by the same bowler.
b) A rare and prestigious achievement in cricket.

(b) Bump ball [2 Marks]

Answer:
A shot where the batsman hits the ball firmly into the ground immediately in front of the pitch, causing it to bounce up high into the air close to a fielder, giving the deceptive appearance of a legitimate catch.

Teacher's Note:
a) Clarify that the ball hits the ground straight off the bat.
b) Umpires frequently check replays for clean catches versus bump balls.

(c) Yorker [2 Marks]

Answer:
A delivery pitched by the bowler so that it lands directly on or near the batting crease at the batsman's feet, making it extremely difficult to play underneath.

Teacher's Note:
a) Often considered the most effective delivery for restricting runs or taking wickets in death overs.
b) Emphasize landing area near the batting crease.

(d) Nick [2 Marks]

Answer:
A very slight edge or deflection of the ball off the edge of the batsman's bat, often audible to the wicketkeeper or slips.

Teacher's Note:
a) Often leads to catches behind the wicket.
b) Edge and nick are synonymous in cricket terminology.

Question 6

(i) Explain the following terms in cricket: [8 Marks]

(a) Bouncer [2 Marks]

Answer:
A short-pitched delivery bowled by a fast bowler that bounces high, passing the batsman around chest or head height, designed to intimidate.

Teacher's Note:
a) Mention short pitch and height passing the batsman.
b) Subject to strict per-over limits in limited-overs cricket.

(b) Golden duck [2 Marks]

Answer:
When a batsman is dismissed for a score of zero on the very first ball they face in an innings.

Teacher's Note:
a) Different from a regular duck where the batsman faces balls before getting out for zero.
b) Emphasize first ball dismissal.

(c) Overthrow [2 Marks]

Answer:
Extra runs scored by the batting side as a result of the ball being thrown by a fielder and missing the stumps or target, allowing batsmen to run additional runs.

Teacher's Note:
a) Counted as extra runs to the batting team.
b) Results from errant fielding throws.

(d) Dead Rubber [2 Marks]

Answer:
A match in a multi-match series that is played after one team has already unassailably won the series, rendering the final match's outcome irrelevant to the series result.

Teacher's Note:
a) Series outcome is already decided.
b) Common term in international bilateral cricket series.

(ii)

(a) State the full form of ICC, BCCI, LBW. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. ICC: International Cricket Council
2. BCCI: Board of Control for Cricket in India
3. LBW: Leg Before Wicket

Teacher's Note:
a) Spelling must be exact for governing bodies and terms.
b) Direct abbreviation questions carry easy marks.

(b) Write the following: [3 Marks]
1. Weight of the Cricket ball.
2. Length of the Cricket pitch.
3. Height of the stumps.

Answer:
1. Weight of the cricket ball: Between 155.9 grams and 163 grams.
2. Length of the cricket pitch: 22 yards (approx. 20.12 meters) between the popping creases.
3. Height of the stumps: 28 inches (71.1 cm) above the ground.

Teacher's Note:
a) Measurements must include proper units (grams, yards/meters, inches/cm).
b) Standard rulebook specifications must be memorized accurately.

(c) What is the inner circle on the cricket field called? What is its significance? [3 Marks]

Answer:
The inner circle is marked by a boundary line (usually 30 yards from each set of stumps). Its significance lies in fielding restrictions; in limited-overs matches, only a specified maximum number of fielders are permitted outside this circle during powerplay overs to encourage attacking batting.

Teacher's Note:
a) Named the 30-yard circle.
b) Directly tied to limited-overs fielding restrictions and powerplay rules.

(iii)

(a) List any four compulsory equipment used by the batsman in cricket. [2 Marks]

Answer:
1. Bat
2. Batting pads
3. Batting gloves
4. Helmet

Teacher's Note:
a) Safety gear is mandatory for modern batsmen.
b) List basic compulsory items clearly.

(b) Explain the term Dot ball in cricket. [2 Marks]

Answer:
A delivery in cricket from which no runs are scored off the bat or as extras (excluding byes/leg byes), traditionally marked with a dot on the score sheet.

Teacher's Note:
a) Zero runs scored off the delivery.
b) Pressure-building tool for bowlers in limited-overs games.

(c) Give any four instances when an umpire can declare a batsman out. [2 Marks]

Answer:
1. Bowled
2. Caught
3. LBW (Leg Before Wicket)
4. Run out

Teacher's Note:
a) Can also accept stumped or hit wicket.
b) Four common dismissal methods required.

(d) Explain the term Bodyline Bowling in cricket. [2 Marks]

Answer:
Bodyline (or fast leg theory bowling) is a controversial tactic where fast bowlers bowl short-pitched deliveries directly at the batsman's body, with a heavily packed leg-side field, aiming to induce defensive fending and catches.

Teacher's Note:
a) Famously used during the 1932-33 Ashes series by England against Australia.
b) Subsequently restricted by law changes regarding intimidatory bowling.

FOOTBALL

Question 7

(i) Write short note on: [8 Marks]

(a) Zonal marking [2 Marks]

Answer:
Zonal marking is a defensive strategy where defenders are assigned a specific zone or area of the pitch to guard rather than tracking a specific opposing player.

Teacher's Note:
a) Players defend space rather than individual opponents.
b) Contrasts with man-to-man marking.

(b) Technical area [2 Marks]

Answer:
The designated zone on the sideline where coaching staff and substitutes are permitted to remain during a match, extending one meter on either side of the team bench and up to one meter from the touchline.

Teacher's Note:
a) Strictly demarcated coaching zone.
b) Managers must remain within this area during play.

(c) Advantage [2 Marks]

Answer:
A rule allowing the referee to refrain from stopping play for a foul if halting play would penalize the non-offending team and benefit the team that committed the foul.

Teacher's Note:
a) Promotes fluid and continuous play.
b) Referee signals advantage with outstretched arms.

(d) Wall pass [2 Marks]

Answer:
A passing combination (also known as a one-two or give-and-go) where a player passes the ball to a teammate, sprints past an opponent, and receives the ball immediately back.

Teacher's Note:
a) Used to bypass defenders quickly.
b) Fundamental tactical passing move in football.

(ii)

(a) Name any three fundamental skills of football. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Passing
2. Dribbling
3. Trapping / Receiving

Teacher's Note:
a) Essential core skills taught to beginners.
b) Can also include shooting or heading.

(b) Write any three occasions when the ball is said to be out of play in the game of football. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. When it has wholly crossed the goal line or touchline, whether on the ground or in the air.
2. When play has been stopped by the referee.
3. When the ball hits the ceiling in an indoor match.

Teacher's Note:
a) Entire ball must cross the line.
b) Standard rulebook definitions apply.

(c) When is a goal kick awarded and from where is it taken? [3 Marks]

Answer:
A goal kick is awarded when the whole of the ball passes over the goal line, having last touched a player of the attacking team, and a goal is not scored. It is taken from any point within the goal area by a player of the defending team.

Teacher's Note:
a) Awarded when attacking team puts ball out over opponent's goal line.
b) Must be taken from within the goal area.

(iii) Write the following: [8 Marks]

(a) Height of the corner flag. [2 Marks]

Answer:
Minimum 1.5 meters (5 feet) high, with a non-pointed top.

Teacher's Note:
a) Must be non-pointed for safety.
b) Placed at each corner of the pitch.

(b) Height and width of the goal post. [2 Marks]

Answer:
Height: 8 feet (2.44 meters) from the ground to the lower edge of the crossbar. Width: 24 yards (7.32 meters) between the inside of the posts.

Teacher's Note:
a) Official FIFA dimensions.
b) Measure from inside of posts and lower edge of crossbar.

(c) Weight and circumference of the football. [2 Marks]

Answer:
Circumference: 68 to 70 cm (27 to 28 inches). Weight: 410 to 450 grams (14 to 16 ounces) at the start of the match.

Teacher's Note:
a) Size 5 ball standard specifications.
b) Memorize exact metric and imperial ranges.

(d) Minimum and maximum number of players required to start a football match. [2 Marks]

Answer:
A match cannot start or continue if either team has fewer than 7 players (including the goalkeeper).

Teacher's Note:
a) Normal team size is 11 players on the field.
b) Minimum threshold of 7 players is a strict FIFA rule.

Question 8

(i) Explain the following terms in football: [8 Marks]

(a) Offside [2 Marks]

Answer:
A player is in an offside position if they are nearer to the opponent's goal line than both the ball and the second-last opponent when the ball is played to them, and they become actively involved in play.

Teacher's Note:
a) Not an offense in itself unless active involvement occurs.
b) Exceptions include throw-ins, corner kicks, and goal kicks.

(b) Throw-In [2 Marks]

Answer:
A method of restarting play when the whole ball passes over the touchline, taken by a player of the opposing team to the player who last touched the ball, using both hands from behind and over the head while maintaining contact with the ground.

Teacher's Note:
a) Both feet must remain on or behind the touchline on the ground.
b) Ball must be delivered with both hands from behind and over the head.

(c) Indirect Free kick [2 Marks]

Answer:
A free kick from which a goal cannot be scored directly unless the ball touches another player from either team before entering the goal.

Teacher's Note:
a) Awarded for technical infractions (e.g., dangerous play, obstruction).
b) Must touch another player before a goal can be scored.

(d) Additional time [2 Marks]

Answer:
Time added by the referee at the end of each half to compensate for time lost due to substitutions, injuries, disciplinary actions, or time-wasting.

Teacher's Note:
a) Formerly known as injury time or stoppage time.
b) Determined solely at the referee's discretion.

(ii)

(a) How many substitutes are allowed in a football match? Write down the procedure of substitution during the game. [3 Marks]

Answer:
Up to 3 to 5 substitutes are permitted in official competitive matches depending on tournament rules. Procedure: The referee must be informed prior to substitution; the substitute enters only at a stoppage in play after the departing player has left the field, crossing at the halfway line.

Teacher's Note:
a) Mention official substitute limits.
b) Outline the protocol of leaving and entering at the halfway line during a stoppage.

(b) State any three ways of restarting the play. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Kick-off
2. Throw-in
3. Goal kick or Corner kick

Teacher's Note:
a) Other acceptable answers include Penalty kick, Free kick, or Dropped ball.
b) List standard restart methods clearly.

(c) State any three fouls for which the referee can show a Red Card to the player. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Serious foul play or violent conduct.
2. Spitting at an opponent or any other person.
3. Denying the opposing team a goal or an obvious goal-scoring opportunity by deliberately handling the ball.

Teacher's Note:
a) Red card results in immediate sending-off.
b) Cover serious infractions like violent conduct and professional fouls.

(iii) Draw a neat and labelled diagram of a football field showing the following measurements: [8 Marks]
(a) Length and breadth
(b) Penalty area
(c) Goal area
(d) Penalty mark
(e) Penalty arc
(f) Centre circle
(g) Corner arc

Answer:
[Figure: Diagram of a football field showing length (100-110m), breadth (64-75m), penalty area (16.5m x 40.32m), goal area (5.5m x 18.32m), penalty mark (11m from goal), penalty arc (9.15m radius from penalty mark), centre circle (9.15m radius), and corner arc (1m radius).]
The football field diagram must clearly illustrate all requested markings with accurate proportions and labels.

Teacher's Note:
a) Students must draw a clear, well-proportioned line diagram with all requested features correctly labelled.
b) Dimensions should reflect official FIFA standards.

HOCKEY

Question 9

(i) Explain the following terms: [8 Marks]

(a) Push pass [2 Marks]

Answer:
A method of passing the ball without taking a backswing, where the stick is kept in contact with the ball and pushing force is applied using wrists and body weight.

Teacher's Note:
a) Fast and accurate short-range pass.
b) No stick backswing is involved.

(b) Flick [2 Marks]

Answer:
An aerial or ground shot executed by placing the stick behind the ball and flicking it forward using wrist action to raise the ball into the air.

Teacher's Note:
a) Used during penalty corners and shooting.
b) Relies heavily on wrist strength and timing.

(c) Reverse stick [2 Marks]

Answer:
Playing the ball with the flat side of the hockey stick while the stick is rotated or held in a reverse position across the player's body.

Teacher's Note:
a) Requires advanced stickwork.
b) Useful for receiving or hitting balls on the non-preferred side.

(d) Tackle [2 Marks]

Answer:
An attempt by a defender to dispossess an opponent of the ball legally using the flat side of the stick without making bodily contact or committing an obstruction.

Teacher's Note:
a) Must use the flat side of the stick.
b) Dangerous tackles or body-checking result in penalties.

(ii)

(a) What do you mean by Penalty corner in hockey? [3 Marks]

Answer:
A penalty corner is awarded against the defending team for an intentional offense inside the circle or a severe foul inside the 23-meter area. It is taken from the backline 10 meters from the goal post, with attacking players stationed outside the circle and defending players behind the goal line.

Teacher's Note:
a) Mention award conditions and positioning on the backline.
b) Highly scoring opportunity in modern hockey.

(b) Mention any three duties of the referee. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Enforcing the rules of the game and maintaining fair play throughout the match.
2. Keeping time and recording goals scored.
3. Administering disciplinary actions (cards) for fouls and misconduct.

Teacher's Note:
a) Referees have absolute authority on the field.
b) List key administrative and disciplinary duties.

(c) Explain shooting circle along with its importance in the game of hockey. [3 Marks]

Answer:
The shooting circle (or D) is the semi-circular area marked in front of each goal. Importance: A goal can only be scored legally if the ball is hit, deflected, or pushed from inside this circle by an attacker.

Teacher's Note:
a) Describe shape and dimensions near the goal.
b) Emphasize that goals do not count if shot from outside the circle.

(iii)

(a) Write the full form of FIH and IHF. [2 Marks]

Answer:
1. FIH: International Hockey Federation (Fédération Internationale de Hockey)
2. IHF: Indian Hockey Federation

Teacher's Note:
a) International and national governing body abbreviations.
b) Accurate spelling is essential.

(b) Explain any two situations when a free hit is awarded to the opponent. [2 Marks]

Answer:
1. When a player commits a foul outside the shooting circle (such as tripping, obstruction, or dangerous play).
2. When the ball goes out of play over the sideline.

Teacher's Note:
a) Free hits restart play after minor infractions.
b) Taken from the place where the breach occurred.

(c) Explain the term Centre pass. [2 Marks]

Answer:
A pass taken from the center of the halfway line to start the match, start the second half, or restart play after a goal has been scored.

Teacher's Note:
a) Used at the start of halves and after goals.
b) Taken from the center spot.

(d) List any four equipment that a goalkeeper should wear during the game. [2 Marks]

Answer:
1. Helmet with face mask
2. Leg guards / pads
3. Kickers
4. Chest protector / body armor

Teacher's Note:
a) Specialized protective gear for goalkeepers.
b) Mandatory for safety against hard hockey balls.

Question 10

(i) Explain the following terms in hockey: [8 Marks]

(a) Scoop [2 Marks]

Answer:
An attacking skill where the player slides the stick underneath the ball and lifts it into the air to pass over an opponent's stick or body.

Teacher's Note:
a) Ball is lifted into the air smoothly.
b) Must not be executed in a dangerous manner.

(b) Long corner [2 Marks]

Answer:
A penalty restart (taken from the 23-meter line) awarded when the defending team unintentionally plays the ball over their own goal line.

Teacher's Note:
a) Note that modern rules have updated long corner procedures.
b) Differentiate from penalty corners.

(c) 16-yard hit [2 Marks]

Answer:
A free hit taken by the defending team from within their 16-yard area (now 15 meters) after the attacking team hits the ball over the goal line.

Teacher's Note:
a) Restarts play after attacking shots go wide.
b) Taken from the defending team's circle area.

(d) Obstruction [2 Marks]

Answer:
A foul committed when a player uses their body or stick to prevent an opponent from reaching the ball (e.g., shielding the ball or third-party obstruction).

Teacher's Note:
a) Players must allow opponents an equal opportunity to play the ball.
b) Results in a free hit for the opposing team.

(ii)

(a) When is the ball out of play in the game of hockey? [3 Marks]

Answer:
The ball is out of play when it has entirely crossed the sideline or goal line, either on the ground or in the air, or when the umpire blows the whistle to stop play.

Teacher's Note:
a) Entire ball must cross the boundary line.
b) Standard rule for team sports.

(b) Write any three duties of a captain in hockey. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Representing the team in the pre-match toss and communicating with umpires when necessary.
2. Leading team morale, discipline, and tactical execution on the field.
3. Ensuring substitutes enter correctly and team behavior adheres to sportsmanship rules.

Teacher's Note:
a) Captain is the official spokesperson for the team.
b) Must maintain exemplary conduct.

(c) What is the method of scoring a goal in hockey? [3 Marks]

Answer:
A goal is scored when the ball is played within the shooting circle by an attacker and completely crosses the goal line between the goalposts and beneath the crossbar.

Teacher's Note:
a) Must originate inside the circle.
b) Entire ball must cross the goal line.

(iii)

(a) Explain how substitution is done in hockey. [2 Marks]

Answer:
Substitutions can be made at any time during the match (rolling substitutions), provided the player leaving the field has crossed the sideline at the substitution area before the substitute enters the field.

Teacher's Note:
a) Hockey uses rolling substitutions in modern rules.
b) Must take place at the designated substitution zone.

(b) What do you mean by Indian dribbling? [2 Marks]

Answer:
A classic dribbling technique where the player moves the ball rapidly from right to left and back using both sides of the stick while running, keeping close control to evade opponents.

Teacher's Note:
a) Hallmark of traditional Indian hockey skill.
b) Involves quick stick rotation and lateral movement.

(c) Explain the term Give-and-Go in hockey. [2 Marks]

Answer:
A passing tactic where a player passes the ball to a teammate, sprints past an opponent into space, and immediately receives the ball back.

Teacher's Note:
a) Also known as a wall pass or one-two.
b) Breaks defensive lines effectively.

(d) Explain the term Rebound. [2 Marks]

Answer:
When the ball bounces off the goalkeeper's pads, stick, goalposts, or a defender after a shot on goal, presenting an opportunity for another player to play the ball.

Teacher's Note:
a) Requires alert positioning by attackers and defenders.
b) Often results in close-range goals.

BASKETBALL

Question 11

(i) Explain the following terms: [8 Marks]

(a) Fast break [2 Marks]

Answer:
An offensive strategy where a team transitions quickly from defense to offense, moving the ball down the court before the opposing defense can set up.

Teacher's Note:
a) Emphasizes speed and numerical advantage.
b) Frequently leads to easy scoring opportunities.

(b) Held ball [2 Marks]

Answer:
A situation where two opposing players have one or both hands firmly on the ball at the same time, neither can gain sole control without undue roughness, resulting in a jump ball or alternating possession.

Teacher's Note:
a) Modern rules use the alternating possession arrow for held balls.
b) Also known as a tie-up.

(c) Man to man marking [2 Marks]

Answer:
A defensive tactic where each player on the defensive team is assigned to guard a specific opposing player throughout the game.

Teacher's Note:
a) Requires strict personal accountability.
b) Contrasts with zone defense.

(d) Fake [2 Marks]

Answer:
A deceptive movement (like a pump fake or pass fake) made by a player with or without the ball to mislead an opponent regarding their intended action.

Teacher's Note:
a) Used to create scoring or passing opportunities.
b) Relies on body language and deception.

(ii)

(a) Explain the '8' second rule in basketball. [3 Marks]

Answer:
When a team gains control of a live ball in its backcourt, it must advance the ball into its frontcourt within 8 seconds, failing which a turnover and violation are called.

Teacher's Note:
a) Time limit rule for ball advancement.
b) Speeds up game transition.

(b) Give any three jump ball situations in basketball. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. At the very beginning of the first quarter to start the game.
2. Held ball situations (resolved today using alternating possession arrow, though traditionally a jump ball).
3. Simultaneous out-of-bounds violations involving opposing players.

Teacher's Note:
a) Tip-off starts the game.
b) Explain traditional and modern jump ball scenarios.

(c) State three occasions when the ball becomes dead during play. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. When any field goal or free throw is successfully made.
2. When the referee blows the whistle for a foul or violation.
3. When the game clock sounds for the end of a period.

Teacher's Note:
a) Dead ball means play has temporarily stopped.
b) List clear whistle or scoring events.

(iii) Explain the following terms: [8 Marks]

(a) Double dribble [2 Marks]

Answer:
A violation where a player dribbles the ball with both hands simultaneously, or starts a dribble again after stopping it (holding the ball).

Teacher's Note:
a) Illegal dribbling violation.
b) Results in loss of possession.

(b) Box out [2 Marks]

Answer:
A rebounding technique where a player positions their body between an opponent and the basket to secure a rebounding position after a shot.

Teacher's Note:
a) Essential for defensive and offensive rebounding.
b) Involves physical positioning and leverage.

(c) Twenty-four second rule [2 Marks]

Answer:
A rule stating that a team in possession of the ball must attempt a shot that hits the ring or basket within 24 seconds, otherwise a shot-clock violation is called.

Teacher's Note:
a) Promotes offensive tempo.
b) Shot clock resets if the ball hits the rim.

(d) Triple threat [2 Marks]

Answer:
A posture where a player receiving the ball can immediately perform one of three actions: shoot, pass, or drive past an opponent.

Teacher's Note:
a) Versatile offensive stance.
b) Keeps defenders off balance.

Question 12

(i)

(a) What happens when the match ends in a draw? [2 Marks]

Answer:
If the score is tied at the end of regulation playing time, the game continues with an extra period of 5 minutes (overtime), or as many periods as necessary to break the tie.

Teacher's Note:
a) Basketball does not end in a draw in regular competition.
b) Overtime periods are played until a winner emerges.

(b) Name the types of Screening in basketball. [2 Marks]

Answer:
1. Set screen
2. Moving screen (illegal)
3. Back screen / Down screen / Ball screen

Teacher's Note:
a) Screening is an offensive tactic to block a defender.
b) Must be set legally with the screener stationary.

(c) When is time-out given? What is the duration of a time-out? [2 Marks]

Answer:
A time-out is granted when requested by a coach or player when the ball is dead and the clock is stopped. Duration: Typically 1 minute (60 seconds).

Teacher's Note:
a) Requested during dead-ball situations.
b) Standard duration is 60 seconds.

(d) Explain the term Zone defense. [2 Marks]

Answer:
A defensive strategy where each defender is responsible for guarding a specific area of the court rather than matching up against a specific opposing player.

Teacher's Note:
a) Defends space rather than individuals.
b) Common zones include 2-3, 3-2, and 1-3-1.

(ii)

(a) List any three technical equipment required for conducting a basketball match. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Game clock and stopwatch
2. 24-second shot clock
3. Scoreboard and scoring sheets

Teacher's Note:
a) Essential technical equipment for officials.
b) Ensures accurate time and scorekeeping.

(b) Name any three types of shots taken in basketball. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Layup
2. Jump shot
3. Free throw / Slam dunk

Teacher's Note:
a) Fundamental scoring techniques.
b) List standard recognizable shots.

(c) Mention any three rules of throw in related to basketball. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. The thrower must pass the ball within 5 seconds of receiving it.
2. The thrower must not step onto the court while releasing the ball.
3. The ball must be passed directly to a player on the court (not touching the floor out of bounds).

Teacher's Note:
a) 5-second limit is crucial.
b) Out-of-bounds restart regulations must be followed.

(iii) Draw a neat and labelled diagram of the basketball field with the following measurements: [8 Marks]
(a) Length
(b) Breadth
(c) Centre circle
(d) Free throw line
(e) Restricted area
(f) Neutral zone
(g) No charge zone

Answer:
[Figure: Diagram of a basketball court showing length (28m), breadth (15m), centre circle (3.6m diameter), free throw line (4.6m from backboard), restricted area, neutral zone, and semi-circular no-charge zone under the basket.]
The basketball court diagram must clearly illustrate all requested measurements and lines.

Teacher's Note:
a) Students must draw a clear diagram with precise labels.
b) Dimensions follow FIBA regulations.

VOLLEYBALL

Question 13

(i) Explain the following terms in volleyball: [8 Marks]

(a) Block assist [2 Marks]

Answer:
A block performed by two or three front-row players working in coordination close to the net to deflect an opponent's attack hit.

Teacher's Note:
a) Involves multiple blockers.
b) Credited as a team block action.

(b) Floater [2 Marks]

Answer:
A serve hit with no spin, causing the ball to wobble and float unpredictably in the air, making it difficult for the receiving team to pass.

Teacher's Note:
a) Lacks rotational spin.
b) Highly effective tactical serve.

(c) Attack zone [2 Marks]

Answer:
The area on each side of the court bounded by the center line and the attack line (3 meters from the center line), where front-row players can execute attack hits.

Teacher's Note:
a) 3-meter line defines this zone.
b) Back-row players must jump from behind this line to spike legally.

(d) Quick set [2 Marks]

Answer:
A low, fast set delivered near the setter where the attacker jumps and hits the ball almost simultaneously with the set, beating the opponent's block.

Teacher's Note:
a) Relies on precise timing between setter and spiker.
b) Disrupts defensive blocking.

(ii) Enumerate any three duties of: [6 Marks]

(a) First referee

Answer:
1. Conducting the coin toss and checking court and equipment.
2. Having absolute authority over all match officials and players, making final decisions on all faults.
3. Signaling the authorization of serves and awarding points and penalties.

Teacher's Note:
a) First referee stands on the referee stand.
b) Has ultimate decision-making power.

(b) Assistant referee

Answer:
1. Signaling whether the ball lands in or out when it lands near their assigned sideline or end line.
2. Monitoring foot faults by the server during service execution.
3. Assisting the first referee by signaling touches on blocked balls going out of bounds.

Teacher's Note:
a) Also known as linespersons.
b) Use flags to indicate line judgments.

(c) Captain

Answer:
1. Signing the official score sheet at the end of the match.
2. Acting as the game spokesperson to request explanations or interpretations from referees.
3. Controlling team conduct and substituting players when necessary.

Teacher's Note:
a) Only captain can speak to referees during timeouts/dead balls.
b) Official team representative.

(iii) Explain the following terms: [8 Marks]

(a) Ball down [2 Marks]

Answer:
A situation where the ball touches the floor of the court, resulting in a dead ball and a point awarded to the opposing team.

Teacher's Note:
a) Ground contact ends the rally.
b) Fundamental scoring mechanism.

(b) Net violation [2 Marks]

Answer:
A foul committed when a player touches any part of the net or antenna between the antennae during play, or interferes with the play.

Teacher's Note:
a) Strict rule protecting net integrity.
b) Results in point and loss of serve.

(c) Joust [2 Marks]

Answer:
A situation where opposing players simultaneously contact the ball above the net, resulting in continued play as the ball drops or stays in play.

Teacher's Note:
a) Simultaneous contact above net level.
b) Play continues uninterrupted.

(d) Jump float [2 Marks]

Answer:
A serve where the player performs a short jump and strikes the ball with no spin, producing erratic air movement.

Teacher's Note:
a) Combines jumping power with float serve technique.
b) Difficult for receivers to judge.

Question 14

(i) Explain the following terms in volleyball: [8 Marks]

(a) Extension roll [2 Marks]

Answer:
A defensive recovery technique where a player dives and rolls over their shoulder or back to save a difficult low ball from hitting the floor.

Teacher's Note:
a) Advanced defensive saving skill.
b) Protects the player from impact injury during dives.

(b) Free ball [2 Marks]

Answer:
A return hit sent across the net by the opponent due to a poor reception, allowing the receiving team an easy setup for an attack.

Teacher's Note:
a) Usually an easy overhand pass.
b) Signals an opportunity for an aggressive counter-attack.

(c) Closing the block [2 Marks]

Answer:
The action of adjacent blockers moving close together to eliminate any gap between them so the attacker cannot squeeze the ball through.

Teacher's Note:
a) Requires teamwork and coordination.
b) Prevents gaps in the blocking wall.

(d) Trap set [2 Marks]

Answer:
A poor set that is delivered too close to the net, trapping the attacker and making it easy for the opponents to block.

Teacher's Note:
a) Disadvantageous for the attacking team.
b) Exposes the spiker to opponent blocks.

(ii)

(a) Mention any three fundamental skills of volleyball. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Passing (Digging)
2. Setting
3. Spiking (Attacking) / Serving

Teacher's Note:
a) Fundamental volleyball techniques.
b) List three clear skills.

(b) Name any three important tournaments of volleyball. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. FIVB Volleyball World Championship
2. Olympic Games Volleyball Tournament
3. FIVB Volleyball Nations League

Teacher's Note:
a) Major international competitions.
b) Accurate tournament names required.

(c) List any three faults in the game of volleyball. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Double hit (hitting the ball twice consecutively by the same player).
2. Net fault (touching the net during play).
3. Foot fault during service (stepping on the end line when serving).

Teacher's Note:
a) Common rule infractions.
b) Result in loss of rally/point.

(iii)

(a) What is the difference between time out and technical time out? [2 Marks]

Answer:
Regular time-outs are requested by team coaches (two per set, 30 seconds each). Technical time-outs are automatic mandatory stoppages triggered when the leading team reaches 8 or 16 points in sets 1-4 (duration 60 seconds).

Teacher's Note:
a) Contrast coach-requested vs. automatic mandatory timeouts.
b) Note duration differences.

(b) State any two types of delays in the game of volleyball. [2 Marks]

Answer:
1. Delaying the regular resumption of play.
2. Prolonging substitutions after being instructed to resume play.

Teacher's Note:
a) Delay sanctions result in warning or penalty cards.
b) Maintain match tempo.

(c) State the number of Libero players a team can include in the team list. [2 Marks]

Answer:
A team can designate a maximum of two specialized Libero players on the roster for a match (though only one is on the court at a time).

Teacher's Note:
a) Mention the maximum limit of two Liberos.
b) Libero wears a contrasting jersey.

(d) Explain the term 'four hits'. [2 Marks]

Answer:
A fault where a team hits the ball four times before returning it across the net (teams are allowed a maximum of three hits).

Teacher's Note:
a) Maximum team hits limit is 3.
b) Blocks do not count towards the 3-hit limit.

BADMINTON

Question 15

(i) Explain the following terms: [8 Marks]

(a) Follow through [2 Marks]

Answer:
The continuation of the movement of the arm and racket after striking the shuttlecock, ensuring accuracy, power, and injury prevention.

Teacher's Note:
a) Post-strike racket movement.
b) Essential for stroke control.

(b) Wood shot [2 Marks]

Answer:
A legal shot where the shuttlecock hits the wooden frame of the racket rather than the strings.

Teacher's Note:
a) Previously a fault in older rules, now a legal shot under BWF rules.
b) Often results in unpredictable trajectory.

(c) An alley [2 Marks]

Answer:
The side lane on the badminton court between the singles sideline and the doubles sideline, used during doubles play.

Teacher's Note:
a) Doubles sideline corridor.
b) Out of bounds during singles matches.

(d) Mid court [2 Marks]

Answer:
The central area of the court situated between the short service line and the back boundary lines (or doubles long service line).

Teacher's Note:
a) Neutral transition zone.
b) Used for drives and lifts.

(ii)

(a) Write any three fundamental skills of badminton. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Grip
2. Footwork
3. Service (or Smash/Clear)

Teacher's Note:
a) Core technical foundations in badminton.
b) List three clear skills.

(b) When is a shuttle not in play? [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. When it strikes the net or a post and starts to drop toward the ground on the hitter's side.
2. When it hits the floor.
3. When a fault or let has occurred.

Teacher's Note:
a) Defines rally cessation.
b) Standard rulebook definitions.

(c) Enlist the types of serve in badminton. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. High serve (Deep serve)
2. Low serve
3. Flick serve (Drive serve)

Teacher's Note:
a) Essential tactical serves.
b) Used in singles and doubles.

(iii) Explain the following: [8 Marks]

(a) Net lift [2 Marks]

Answer:
A stroke played from close to the net that loops the shuttle high and deep to the opponent's back baseline.

Teacher's Note:
a) Defensive or tactical shot from the net.
b) Forces opponent backward.

(b) Tumbling net shot [2 Marks]

Answer:
A delicate net shot where the shuttle hits the top of the net and tumbles slowly over, landing as close to the net as possible.

Teacher's Note:
a) Highly difficult and effective drop shot.
b) Lands vertically near the net.

(c) Full smash [2 Marks]

Answer:
An aggressive overhead attacking shot hit with maximum power and speed downward into the opponent's court.

Teacher's Note:
a) Most powerful shot in badminton.
b) Executed from the rear court.

(d) Set [2 Marks]

Answer:
A portion of a badminton match (best of 3 games to 21 points) that continues until one player/pair wins by the required margin.

Teacher's Note:
a) Match format consists of sets.
b) Extension rules apply if tied at 20-20.

Question 16

(i) Explain the following terms in badminton: [8 Marks]

(a) Bird [2 Marks]

Answer:
Common alternative name for the shuttlecock (birdie), consisting of a cork base embedded with feathers or synthetic skirt.

Teacher's Note:
a) Synonym for shuttlecock.
b) Basic equipment item.

(b) Half smash [2 Marks]

Answer:
An attacking overhead shot hit with reduced power and steep angle, designed to deceive the opponent who is expecting a full smash.

Teacher's Note:
a) Tactical variation of the smash.
b) Lands shorter in the mid-court.

(c) Wide serve [2 Marks]

Answer:
A serve directed toward the outer sideline of the service court to catch the receiver off guard.

Teacher's Note:
a) Tactical placement serve.
b) Tests receiver's lateral reach.

(d) Drop shot [2 Marks]

Answer:
A soft shot hit gently from the back or mid-court so that the shuttle clears the net and drops softly into the opponent's front court.

Teacher's Note:
a) Finesse shot to draw opponent forward.
b) Requires delicate racket touch.

(ii)

(a) Mention any three duties of service judge in badminton. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Calling service faults (such as feet off the ground, hitting above the waist, or racket head above hand).
2. Providing shuttlecocks to players when requested.
3. Assisting the referee in enforcing disciplinary rules.

Teacher's Note:
a) Service judge monitors legal service delivery.
b) Sits near the net post.

(b) Mention the difference between long service and short service. [3 Marks]

Answer:
Long service is hit high and deep toward the back boundary line (primarily used in singles). Short service is hit softly so it lands just beyond the short service line (primarily used in doubles).

Teacher's Note:
a) Contrast trajectory, length, and tactical use.
b) Singles relies heavily on long serves, doubles on short serves.

(c) Explain the scoring system in badminton. [3 Marks]

Answer:
Matches are played best of 3 games to 21 points. A point is scored on every rally regardless of who served (rally point system). If the score reaches 20-20, the side that gains a 2-point lead wins the game. If it reaches 29-29, the first side to score the 30th point wins.

Teacher's Note:
a) Current BWF rally point system.
b) Mention 21 points and deuce extension rules.

(iii)

(a) Name any four tournaments of Badminton. [2 Marks]

Answer:
1. All England Open Badminton Championships
2. BWF World Championships
3. Thomas Cup / Uber Cup
4. BWF World Tour Finals

Teacher's Note:
a) Major international badminton tournaments.
b) List four distinct events.

(b) Explain the term Hairpin net shot. [2 Marks]

Answer:
A net shot where the shuttle is hit from close to the net, traveling steeply upward just over the net and dropping sharply down on the other side, forming a hairpin-like trajectory.

Teacher's Note:
a) Named after the hairpin shape of its flight path.
b) Played from the forecourt.

(c) What is a rally? [2 Marks]

Answer:
A sequence of one or more strokes starting with the service and continuing until the shuttlecock is out of play.

Teacher's Note:
a) Basic unit of play in badminton.
b) Ends when the shuttle hits the floor or a fault is called.

(d) Explain the term Baseline smash. [2 Marks]

Answer:
An aggressive overhead smash executed from the rear court (near the baseline) to attack a deep defensive clearance by the opponent.

Teacher's Note:
a) Requires exceptional power and timing from the backcourt.
b) Puts heavy pressure on the opponent.