ICSE Class 10 Physical Education Board Exam Question Paper 2018 with Solutions

ICSE Class 10 Physical Education Board Exam Question Paper with Solutions

SECTION A

Question 1.
(a) What is meant by Personal Hygiene? [2 Marks]
(b) What is a Cramp? [2 Marks]
(c) State any three main causes of Cramp. [3 Marks]
(d) Name the organism which causes Malaria. Mention any two symptoms of Malaria. [3 Marks]

Answer:
(a) Personal hygiene refers to taking care of one's own body to maintain personal health and cleanliness. It includes personal cleanliness (care of skin, hands and nails, hair, teeth and gums, eyes, ears, and feet), rest, sleep, relaxation, and healthy habits.
(b) A cramp is the inability of muscles to contract properly, causing severe pain over the affected part due to an unbalanced contraction of muscles.
(c) Three main causes of cramps are:
1. Overtraining without adequate rest.
2. Loss of body water through sweating.
3. Loss or lack of body salts or minerals.
(d) Malaria is caused by the bite of the female Anopheles mosquito, which transmits parasitic germs into the bloodstream. Two symptoms of malaria are:
1. Headache and shivering with a high temperature up to 104 degrees to 106 degrees Fahrenheit.
2. Body becomes weak with a pale skin colour.

Teacher's Note:
a) Students should clearly define terms using proper health and physical education terminology.
b) For medical conditions like malaria, always mention both the causative agent and specific clinical symptoms.

Question 2.
(a) Define First-aid [2 Marks]
(b) State any two ways to maintain Oral Hygiene. [2 Marks]
(c) List any three ways of maintaining Personal Cleanliness. [3 Marks]
(d) Suggest any three measures to avoid accidents caused by fire. [3 Marks]

Answer:
(a) First-aid is the immediate and temporary care given to a victim of accident or sudden illness before professional medical help arrives, with the primary objective to save life and prevent further injury.
(b) Two ways to maintain oral hygiene are:
1. Cleaning teeth and gums thoroughly after every meal.
2. Brushing teeth with fluoride toothpaste at least twice a day.
(c) Three ways of maintaining personal cleanliness are:
1. Bathing daily and keeping clothes clean.
2. Washing hands and eatables properly before consumption.
3. Not sharing personal items such as undergarments, towels, and combs.
(d) Three measures to avoid fire accidents are:
1. Always keep a fire extinguisher ready or a water-filled bucket nearby.
2. Wear cotton clothes while working near electrical wires or fire sources.
3. Ensure matchsticks are properly extinguished before throwing them away.

Teacher's Note:
a) Ensure first-aid definitions highlight immediate and temporary assistance.
b) Practical safety and hygiene measures should be written in clear, actionable points.

Question 3.
(a) What is meant by Immunization? [2 Marks]
(b) Define Posture. [2 Marks]
(c) Write the full form of RICE. [3 Marks]
(d) State any three symptoms of Rheumatic Fever. [3 Marks]

Answer:
(a) Immunization is the introduction of dead, attenuated, or weakened pathogens into the body for the artificial development of immunity against specific diseases.
(b) Posture is the body position, static or dynamic, which is a tool of mechanical efficiency causing minimum stress to muscles and maximum output of physical efficiency.
(c) The full form of RICE is Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation.
(d) Three symptoms of rheumatic fever are:
1. Child develops a sore throat.
2. Aching in joints with redness over joints.
3. Continuous fever and body aches.

Teacher's Note:
a) Learn exact medical acronyms like RICE for sports injuries.
b) Posture definitions should include both static and dynamic aspects.

Question 4.
(a) Define Antibiotics. [2 Marks]
(b) State any two causes of Obesity. [2 Marks]
(c) State any three harmful effects of consuming alcohol. [3 Marks]
(d) List any three transmission modes of Venereal diseases. [3 Marks]

Answer:
(a) Antibiotics are chemical substances produced by certain microorganisms that kill or inhibit the growth of other disease-causing microorganisms.
(b) Two causes of obesity are:
1. Wrong dietary habits and less physical activity like overeating.
2. Consuming excessive fats, fried food, and junk food.
(c) Three harmful effects of consuming alcohol are:
1. Economic loss leading to poverty due to addiction and medical expenses.
2. Loss of physical efficiency and health deterioration.
3. Loss of judgment, self-control, and memory impairment.
(d) Three transmission modes of venereal diseases are:
1. Sexual intercourse contact.
2. Unhygienic habits like sharing clothes, towels, or undergarments.
3. Transmission from an infected mother to her baby.

Teacher's Note:
a) Antibiotics definition must mention their microbial origin and bactericidal or bacteriostatic nature.
b) Clearly distinguish between economic and physiological effects of alcohol.

Question 5.
(a) Write the full form of ABC and CPR. [2 Marks]
(b) Name any two diseases spread by Virus. [2 Marks]
(c) Mention any three causes of Sports Injuries. [3 Marks]
(d) Write the calories required for the following age groups : [3 Marks]
(i) A child aged 10 years.
(ii) An adult female (50 Kg)
(iii) An adult male with heavy sports activity.

Answer:
(a) ABC stands for Airway, Breathing, and Circulation. CPR stands for Cardio-pulmonary Resuscitation.
(b) Two diseases spread by viruses are Common cold and Influenza.
(c) Three causes of sports injuries are:
1. Lack of proper warming-up before physical activity.
2. Lack of proper concentration and mental readiness.
3. Faulty equipment or lack of protective safety guards.
(d) Caloric requirements:
(i) Child of 10 years: 1500 Calories per day.

(ii) Adult female (50 kg): 2400 Calories per day.

(iii) Adult male with heavy sports activity: 3500 Calories per day.

Teacher's Note:
a) Full forms must be spelled accurately without spelling mistakes.
b) Caloric requirements vary based on age, gender, and physical activity levels.

SECTION B

Cricket

Question 6.
(a) Explain the following terms : [8 Marks]
(i) A Bouncer
(ii) A Duck
(iii) A Yorker
(iv) A Century
(b) (i) Explain the term Overthrow. [9 Marks]
(ii) Enumerate any three duties of a Leg Umpire.
(iii) Under which condition can an umpire declare Bad Light.
(c) (i) State the full form of ICC and BCCI. [8 Marks]
(ii) When is a batsman considered to be Out bowled?
(iii) Explain the term Hat-trick.
(iv) What is the importance of the 30 yard circle?

Answer:
(a) (i) A Bouncer: A delivery bowled fast and short so that it rises above the shoulder level of the batsman after pitching.
(ii) A Duck: When a batsman gets out without scoring a single run.
(iii) A Yorker: A pitch delivered very full, pitching just under the batsman's bat at the crease.
(iv) A Century: When a batsman scores one hundred runs in an innings.
(b) (i) Overthrow: Extra runs scored by the batting team when a fielder throws the ball and no other fielder is able to stop it, allowing the batsmen to continue running or reach the boundary.
(ii) Three duties of a Leg Umpire are:
1. To check run-outs.
2. To check stump-outs.
3. To check high bounce balls.
(iii) Bad Light: When natural light is insufficient to continue play safely, creating danger or difficulty for the batsman to see the moving ball, the umpire can declare bad light and suspend the match.
(c) (i) ICC stands for International Cricket Council. BCCI stands for Board of Control for Cricket in India.
(ii) Bowled out: A batsman is out bowled if the ball destroys the wicket completely or partially, even if it touches the bat or gloves.
(iii) Hat-trick: When a bowler takes three wickets on three consecutive deliveries in a match.
(iv) 30-Yard Circle: An inner circle marked around the stumps used during fielding restrictions (powerplay) to restrict a specified number of fielders inside the circle.

Teacher's Note:
a) Technical cricket terminology should be precise and match official Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) laws.
b) Ensure all sub-parts (a, b, c) are answered completely according to the marks allotted.

Question 7.
(a) Explain the following terms in Cricket:
(i) Intentional Disturbance
(ii) Timed-out
(iii) A Stance
(iv) A Maiden Over
(b) (i) What is the rule of Follow-On in a five days test match?
(ii) State any three ways by which runs are scored.
(iii) Write down any three fielding positions of On-side in Cricket?
(iv) What is the difference between a Bye and a Leg Bye in Cricket?
(v) Answer the following:
1. The length of the bat.
2. The weight of the ball.
3. Size of the bails.
4. The height of the Stumps.
(c) (i) Bye : when a run is made without the ball touching the bat or any other part of the batsman's body, this is called a Bye.
Leg-Bye: When the ball is touched by any part of the batsman's body except his hands, this is called a Leg-Bye.
(ii) 1. Length of Bat = 38 Inches (96.5 cm)
2. Weight of Cricket Ball = 5.5 Ounces (156 g)
3. Bails Overall Length = 4.31 Inches (11 cm)
4. Height of Stumps = 28 Inches (71.1 cm)

Answer:
(a) (i) Intentional Disturbance: When a batsman deliberately gets in the way of an opponent trying to catch the ball.
(ii) Timed-out: When an incoming batsman fails to take guard or arrive at the crease within a specified time limit after the previous batsman has been dismissed.
(iii) Stance: The body position and posture assumed by a batsman at the crease before facing a delivery.
(iv) Maiden Over: An over in which no runs are scored off the bowler's bowling.
(b) (i) Follow-On: In a five-day test match, if the team batting first scores substantially more runs than the second batting team (a lead of 200 runs or more), the team batting first can enforce a follow-on, requiring the opponent to bat again immediately.
(ii) Three ways by which runs are scored are:
1. Running between the wickets after hitting the ball.
2. Scoring boundaries (4 runs when the ball crosses the boundary touching the ground, or 6 runs when it clears the boundary in the air).
3. Extras such as Byes, Leg-byes, Wides, and No-balls.
(iii) Three fielding positions on the On-side are: Mid-on, Mid-wicket, and Square leg.
(iv) Difference between Bye and Leg Bye: A Bye is a run scored when the ball passes the batsman without touching the bat or any part of the body. A Leg Bye is a run scored when the ball touches any part of the batsman's body except the hands.
(v) 1. Length of the bat: Maximum 38 inches (96.5 cm).
2. Weight of the ball: 5.5 to 5.75 ounces (155.9 to 163 grams).
3. Size of the bails: 4.31 inches (10.9 cm) overall length.
4. Height of the stumps: 28 inches (71.1 cm) above the ground.
(c) (i) Bye and Leg-Bye definitions as stated above.
(ii) Measurements of cricket equipment as stated above.

Teacher's Note:
a) Memorize standard measurements of cricket equipment (bat, ball, stumps, bails).
b) Clearly distinguish between on-side and off-side fielding positions.

Football

Question 8.
(a) Answer the following:
(i) A free kick
(ii) Heading
(iii) Passing
(iv) Weight and circumference of football.
(b) (i) Explain the term Offside.
(ii) Give the proper procedure to replace a field player with a substitute player.
(iii) Mention any three instances for which a direct free kick is awarded.
(c) Draw a diagram of a football field showing all its dimensions.

Answer:
(a) (i) A Free Kick: A method of restarting play after a foul, awarded to the opposing team. It can be direct or indirect.
(ii) Heading: Striking the football using the forehead to pass, clear, or score a goal.
(iii) Passing: Transferring the ball to a teammate using various foot techniques such as push pass, out-step push, or through pass.
(iv) Weight and circumference of football: Weight is 14 to 16 ounces (425 g plus minus 25 g); Circumference is 27 to 28 inches (68 cm to 71.1 cm).
(b) (i) Offside: A player is in an offside position if they are nearer to the opponents' goal line than both the ball and the second-last opponent, unless they are in their own half of the field or level with the opponents.
(ii) Substitution Procedure:
1. The referee must be informed before any proposed substitution is made.
2. The substitute enters the field only after the player being replaced has left and after receiving a signal from the referee.
3. Substitution takes place at the halfway line during a stoppage in play.
(iii) Three instances for which a direct free kick is awarded are:
1. Kicking or attempting to kick an opponent.
2. Tripping or attempting to trip an opponent.
3. Pushing an opponent.
(c) [Figure: Diagram of a football field showing length, breadth, goal area, penalty area, center circle, corner arcs, and dimension labels as per standard FIFA layout.]

Answer: (for diagram description)
Football field dimensions: Length 100-130 yards, Width 50-100 yards, Penalty arc, Center circle radius 10 yards.

Teacher's Note:
a) Offside rule must be explained with reference to the second-last opponent and the ball.
b) Diagram questions require clear labeling of all standard field dimensions.

Question 9.
(a) Explain the following terms in Football: [8 Marks]
(i) Kick-off
(ii) Dropped ball
(iii) Injury time
(iv) Extra time
(b) (i) How is a goal scored in the game of Football? [9 Marks]
(ii) Give any three situations when a Kick-off is applied.
(iii) Under which three situations is a player not considered Off-side?
(c) (i) Under which four situations can a Referee show a red card to a player?
(ii) Differentiate between Goal Kick and Corner Kick.

Answer:
(a) (i) Kick-off: The method to start or restart play at the beginning of the match, after a goal is scored, or at the start of the second half and extra time.
(ii) Dropped ball: A method of restarting play when the referee stops the game due to an unusual situation and drops the ball between two opposing players.
(iii) Injury time: Time added at the end of each half to compensate for time lost due to player injuries, substitutions, or stoppages.
(iv) Extra time: Additional playing time allotted to break a tie in knockout matches after regular time.
(b) (i) Goal Scored: A goal is scored when the whole of the ball passes completely over the goal line, between the goalposts and under the crossbar, provided no foul was committed beforehand.
(ii) Three situations when a kick-off is applied:
1. At the start of the match.
2. After a goal has been scored.
3. At the start of the second half of the match.
(iii) Three situations where a player is not considered offside:
1. The player is in their own half of the field.
2. The player is level with the second-last opponent.
3. The player is level with the last two opponents.
(c) (i) Four situations for showing a red card (expulsion):
1. Serious foul play.
2. Violent conduct.
3. Spitting at an opponent or any other person.
4. Denying the opposing team a goal by deliberately handling the ball.
(ii) Difference between Goal Kick and Corner Kick: A Goal Kick is awarded when the ball passes over the goal line having last touched a player of the attacking team. A Corner Kick is awarded when the ball passes over the goal line having last touched a player of the defending team.

Teacher's Note:
a) Differentiate clearly between direct disciplinary actions like yellow and red cards.
b) Goal scoring definitions must emphasize that the *entire* ball must cross the *entire* goal line.

Handball

Question 10.
(a) Explain the following terms in Handball: [8 Marks]
(i) Free Throw Line
(ii) A Fast Break
(iii) Screen
(iv) Safety zone.
(b) (i) State any three duties of timekeeper. [9 Marks]
(ii) When is a seven meter throw awarded in the game of Handball?
(iii) What is the purpose of the substitution line?
(c) (i) Explain the Tie-rule in handball. [8 Marks]
(ii) Which parts of the body are allowed to be involved during the play?
(iii) Explain the term passive play.
(iv) When is a throw in awarded?

Answer:
(a) (i) Free Throw Line: A broken 9-meter line drawn outside the goal-area line, used for taking free throws after minor fouls.
(ii) A Fast Break: A rapid counter-attack where the ball is quickly passed from defense to attack before the opponent's defense can organize.
(iii) Screen: Using one's body to legally block an opponent's movement, whether the opponent has the ball or not.
(iv) Safety zone: An area surrounding the handball court, measuring at least 3 meters on all sides.
(b) (i) Three duties of a timekeeper:
1. Starts and stops the game clock at the start/end of halves and during timeouts.
2. Monitors the duration of 2-minute suspensions for penalized players.
3. Assists the recorder with player numbers and goals scored.
(ii) A 7-meter throw is awarded when a clear scoring chance is illegally destroyed by an opposing player or official anywhere on the court.
(iii) Substitution line: A designated line on the sideline through which players must enter and leave the court during substitutions.
(c) (i) Tie-rule: If a match is tied at full time, overtime is played consisting of two halves of 5 minutes each. If still tied, further overtime or a 7-meter throw shootout is used to decide the winner.
(ii) Body parts allowed: Players may touch the ball with their hands, arms, head, torso, thighs, and knees, but never with feet or lower legs.
(iii) Passive play: Keeping possession of the ball without making a recognizable attempt to attack or shoot on goal, which results in a free throw awarded to the opposing team.
(iv) Throw-in: Awarded when the ball completely crosses the sideline, or when touched last by a defending court player before crossing the outer goal line.

Teacher's Note:
a) Highlight the restriction against using feet in handball.
b) Note the exact dimensions and protocols for 7-meter throws and free throw lines.

Question 11.
(a) Explain the following terms in Handball: [8 Marks]
(i) Shuffling
(ii) Goal area
(iii) A Throw off
(iv) An Exclusion
(b) (i) State any three basic skills used in the game of Handball. [9 Marks]
(ii) How many team time-outs is a team entitled to take in a match? What is its duration?
(iii) What is meant by Running in a game of Handball?
(c) (i) State any four duties of the referee in Handball. [8 Marks]
(ii) List any four situations when a referee gives a two-minute suspension to a player.

Answer:
(a) (i) Shuffling: A defensive movement strategy where players shift sideways to maintain man-to-man coverage and break opponent attacks.
(ii) Goal area: The zone surrounding the goal which only the goalkeeper is allowed to enter.
(iii) A Throw-off: The method used to start or restart the game from the center of the court.
(iv) An Exclusion: A temporary 2-minute suspension of a player resulting in numerical inferiority for their team.
(b) (i) Three basic skills of handball:
1. Passing (overhead, bounce, and jump passes).
2. Jump-throw (shooting while airborne above defenders).
3. Dribbling (bouncing the ball to advance while maintaining control).
(ii) Each team is entitled to receive one 1-minute team time-out in each half of regular playing time.
(iii) Running: Holding the ball and taking more than 3 steps without dribbling, which is a foul.
(c) (i) Four duties of the referee:
1. Judge fair play and enforce rules throughout the match.
2. Start the game with a whistle/throw-off and end it.
3. Issue warnings, suspensions, and disqualifications for fouls.
4. Check equipment, ball, and ground dimensions.
(ii) Four situations for a 2-minute suspension:
1. Fouls committed with high intensity or against a fast-running opponent.
2. Holding onto an opponent for a long time or pulling them down.
3. Fouls directed against the head, throat, or neck.
4. Hard hitting against the torso or throwing arm.

Teacher's Note:
a) Emphasize the 3-step limit for running without dribbling.
b) Clearly categorize referee signals and penalty durations.

Hockey

Question 12.
(a) Explain the following terms : [8 Marks]
(i) A long corner
(ii) A raised ball
(iii) Astroturf
(iv) Sudden death
(b) (i) Explain the term corner push. [9 Marks]
(ii) Mention any three situations when a penalty stroke is awarded.
(iii) What are the basic compulsory equipment required by a player in Hockey?
(c) (i) What is the procedure to resume the game when the ball is played over the back line unintentionally by a defender? [8 Marks]
(ii) Name any four playing positions in the game of Hockey.

Answer:
(a) (i) A Long Corner: Awarded to the attacking team when the ball goes over the end line unintentionally off the stick of a defender. Taken from 5 yards away from the corner.
(ii) A Raised Ball: Propelling the ball into the air intentionally in a dangerous manner, which is prohibited unless executing specific allowed shots like a flick.
(iii) Astroturf: An artificial synthetic grass surface used for international matches where water is often sprinkled to reduce friction.
(iv) Sudden death: A tie-breaking procedure in extra time where the team that scores first wins immediately, or via penalty strokes.
(b) (i) Corner push: A powerful push used during penalty corners or long corners to quickly pass the ball to a teammate.
(ii) Three situations when a penalty stroke is awarded:
1. An offense by a defender in the circle preventing the probable scoring of a goal.
2. An intentional offense in the circle by a defender against an opponent who has possession of the ball.
3. Continuous illegal stopping of the ball on the goal line.
(iii) Basic compulsory equipment: Proper kit, hockey shoes, long stockings, shin guards, and a hockey stick.
(c) (i) If played unintentionally over the backline by a defender, the game is resumed with a free hit taken on the 23-meter line in line with where the ball crossed the backline.
(ii) Four playing positions in hockey: Striker, Center forward, Left winger, and Midfielder.

Teacher's Note:
a) Distinguish clearly between long corners and penalty corners.
b) Mandatory protective gear like shin guards and mouthguards must be mentioned for hockey.

Question 13.
(a) Explain the following terms:
(i) Side line hit
(ii) Rolling substitutions
(iii) A corner
(iv) A goal line
(b) (i) State the importance of the shooting circle in the Hockey
(ii) Explain the term Dribbling.
(iii) Write any three duties of a captain.
(c) Explain the following:
(i) A ball out of play
(ii) Advantage
(iii) Yellow card
(iv) Flick

Answer:
(a) (i) Side Line hit: A hit awarded to the opposing team from the sideline when the ball passes completely over the sideline.
(ii) Rolling substitutions: Unlimited substitutions that can be made during ongoing play without stopping the game.
(iii) A Corner: Awarded when the ball goes over the end line off a defender (long corner or penalty corner).
(iv) A goal line: The back-line between the goalposts.
(b) (i) Shooting Circle: The D-shaped area in front of the goal where an attacker must play the ball for a goal to be legally scored.
(ii) Dribbling: Moving with the ball while controlling it closely using stickwork.
(iii) Three duties of a captain:
1. To toss for choice of start or side.
2. To nominate a substitute captain if suspended or replaced.
3. To be responsible for the conduct of team players on the field.
(c) (i) A ball out of play: When the ball passes completely over the sideline or back-line.
(ii) Advantage: Allowing play to continue after a foul if stopping play would penalize the non-offending team.
(iii) Yellow card: A temporary suspension of a player for a minimum of 5 minutes due to a serious foul.
(iv) Flick: A lifting stroke used for penalty strokes or aerial passes where the ball is raised at a low height.

Teacher's Note:
a) Emphasize that goals in hockey only count if shot from inside the shooting circle.
b) Explain card penalties with precise suspension durations.

Basketball

Question 14.
(a) Explain the following terms:
(i) A substitution
(ii) A chest pass
(iii) A held ball
(iv) A jump ball
(b) (i) Explain the term low dribble.
(ii) What do you mean by man to man marking?
(iii) Mention any three duties of the scorer in a basketball match.
(c) (i) State any four occasions when a ball becomes dead during the match.
(ii) Write the dimensions of:
1. The length of the Basketball court.
2. The breadth of the Basketball court.
3. The radius of center circle.
4. The diameter of the ring.

Answer:
(a) (i) A Substitution: An interruption of the game requested by a substitute to enter the court and replace a player.
(ii) A Chest Pass: Passing the ball directly to a teammate at chest level using both hands from the chest.
(iii) A Held Ball: When two opposing players firmly grip the ball simultaneously, resulting in a jump ball or alternating possession.
(iv) A Jump Ball: A method of starting the game where the referee tosses the ball between two opponents in the center circle.
(b) (i) Low dribble: A defensive dribbling technique where the ball is bounced low near the knee to protect it from close defenders.
(ii) Man to man marking: A defensive strategy where each player guards a specific opposing player.
(iii) Three duties of the scorer:
1. Keep a chronological record of points scored, field goals, and free throws.
2. Record personal and technical fouls for each player.
3. Indicate the number of fouls committed by each player using markers.
(c) (i) Four occasions when the ball becomes dead:
1. Any field goal or free throw is successfully made.
2. An official blows the whistle while the ball is live.
3. The game clock signal sounds for the end of a period.
4. The shot clock signal sounds while a team is in control.
(ii) Dimensions:
1. Length of court: 28 meters.
2. Breadth of court: 15 meters.
3. Radius of center circle: 1.80 meters.
4. Diameter of the ring: 45 centimeters.

Teacher's Note:
a) Basketball court dimensions and ring diameter must be memorized accurately.
b) Distinguish clearly between held balls and jump balls under current rules.

Question 15.
(a) Explain the following terms:
(i) A direct shot
(ii) Charging
(iii) A technical foul
(iv) A team foul
(b) (i) Name any three time-rule fouls in Basketball. [9 Marks]
(ii) Name any three fouls which involve personal contact with the opponent.
(iii) Name any three violations which are done without obstructing an opponent.
(c) (i) What is an intentional foul? What is the penalty for it? [8 Marks]
(ii) What is the procedure applied to start the game?

Answer:
(a) (i) A Direct Shot: A common scoring shot like a jump shot where the player pushes the ball towards the basket while jumping.
(ii) Charging: Personal contact caused by pushing or moving into an opponent's torso illegally with or without the ball.
(iii) A Technical Foul: A non-contact foul of unsportsmanlike conduct penalized by free throws and possession.
(iv) A Team Foul: Cumulative fouls committed by a team in a quarter, resulting in penalty free throws after exceeding the limit.
(b) (i) Three time-rule fouls: 24-seconds rule, 8-seconds rule, and 5-seconds closely guarded rule.
(ii) Three personal contact fouls: Charging, blocking, and pushing.
(iii) Three violations without contact: Travelling, double dribble, and out-of-bounds.
(c) (i) Intentional foul: A foul committed deliberately by a player with excessive physical contact. Penalty: Opponents are awarded free throws followed by a throw-in.
(ii) Procedure to start the game: The game is started with a jump ball in the center circle tossed by the referee between two opposing players.

Teacher's Note:
a) Differentiate between violations (traveling, double dribble) and fouls (charging, technical).
b) Explain time-limit rules (24-second and 8-second rules) clearly.

Volleyball

Question 16.
(a) Explain the following terms:
(i) Free zone
(ii) Back line
(iii) Antenna
(iv) A catch
(b) (i) How many contacts are permitted in returning the ball over the net? Explain the procedure. [9 Marks]
(ii) What is meant by the term libero?
(iii) What do you mean by expulsion?
(c) (i) Explain the procedure of substitution during the game. [8 Marks]
(ii) Enumerate any four duties of the first referee.

Answer:
(a) (i) Free zone: An area surrounding the playing court measuring 3 to 5 meters on all sides.
(ii) Back line: The service line located 9 meters from the net at the back of the court.
(iii) Antenna: Flexible rods attached vertically to the net above the sidelines to mark the crossing boundary.
(iv) A catch: An illegal hit where the ball is caught and/or thrown rather than cleanly rebounded.
(b) (i) A team is permitted a maximum of three hits (excluding blocks) to return the ball over the net.
(ii) Libero: A specialized back-row defensive player wearing a contrasting jersey who cannot serve, block, or attack above net height.
(iii) Expulsion: Removal of a player or coach from the match for repeated misconduct, requiring them to leave the bench area.
(c) (i) Substitution procedure: Coaches request substitutions through the second referee when the ball is dead, and players enter through the substitution zone.
(ii) Four duties of the first referee:
1. Maintain absolute authority over the match and enforce all rules.
2. Conduct the pre-match toss.
3. Signal for service to begin each rally.
4. Rule on faults and misconduct.

Teacher's Note:
a) Emphasize the restrictions placed on the Libero regarding serving and blocking.
b) Highlight the 3-hit limit per team in volleyball.

Question 17.
(a) Explain the following terms: [8 Marks]
(i) A collective block
(ii) Assisted hit
(iii) Dead ball
(iv) Timeout
(b) (i) What is meant by ball in play? [9 Marks]
(ii) What is 'screening'?
(iii) List any three faults that a player is likely to commit while playing the ball.
(c) Explain the following terms: [8 Marks]
(i) A side out
(ii) A penalty
(iii) Carrying the ball
(iv) A penetration-Fault

Answer:
(a) (i) Collective block: A block executed by two or more players close to each other to intercept an opponent's attack.
(ii) Assisted hit: An illegal action where a player takes physical support from a teammate or structure to reach the ball.
(iii) Dead ball: When play is stopped due to a whistle or fault.
(iv) Timeout: A brief 30-second interruption requested by a coach.
(b) (i) Ball in play: The ball is in play from the moment of the service hit authorized by the first referee.
(ii) Screening: An illegal attempt by the serving team to block the opponents' view of the server or the flight path of the ball.
(iii) Three common faults: Four hits, assisted hit, and catch/double contact.
(c) (i) Side out: A loss of rally resulting in the opposing team gaining the serve.
(ii) Penalty: Sanction resulting in the loss of a point or rally following a warning.
(iii) Carrying the ball: Holding or momentarily resting the ball in the hands instead of a clean rebound.
(iv) Penetration fault: Crossing the center line into the opponent's court or touching the net illegally during play.

Teacher's Note:
a) Clearly distinguish between screening faults during serves and positional faults.
b) Emphasize center-line penetration rules and net contact fouls.