GSEB Class 9 Sanskrit Solutions Chapter 7 संहतिः कार्यसाधिका

Choose the correct answer from the given alternatives:

Question 1. प्रभातकाले वायसः कम् अपश्यत्?
(a) कपोतम्
(b) व्याधम्
(c) वृक्षम्
(d) मूषकम्
Answer: (b) व्याधम्
In simple words: The crow saw a hunter in the morning.

Exam Tip: Remember key characters and their initial actions to answer questions about the story's start.

Question 2. गगने कः सपरिवारः व्यसर्पत?
(a) वायसः
(b) पक्षिराजः
(c) चित्रग्रीवः
(d) मयूरः
Answer: (c) चित्रग्रीवः
In simple words: Chitragriva, the pigeon king, flew with his family in the sky.

Exam Tip: Identify the main bird character who leads the flock in the story.

Question 3. विपत्काले किं करणीयम्?
(a) विस्मयस्य अवलम्बनम्
(b) प्रतिकारः
(c) पलायनम्
(d) धैर्यस्य अवलम्बनम्
Answer: (d) धैर्यस्य अवलम्बनम्
In simple words: When trouble comes, you should always have courage.

Exam Tip: Recall the moral teachings about dealing with difficult situations as taught in the story.

Question 4. तृणैर्गुणत्वमापन्नैः के बध्यन्ते?
(a) मत्तदन्तिनः
(b) सिंहाः
(c) कपोताः
(d) मूषकाः
Answer: (a) मत्तदन्तिनः
In simple words: Even strong elephants can be tied with ropes made from grass, showing the power of unity.

Exam Tip: This question refers to the proverb from the story illustrating the strength of many small things combined.

Question 5. मूषकराजेन कपोतानां बन्धनानि केन छिन्नानि?
(a) दन्तैः
(b) मुखेन
(c) अस्त्रेन
(d) शस्त्रेण
Answer: (a) दन्तैः
In simple words: The mouse king cut the pigeons' bonds with his teeth.

Exam Tip: Focus on the specific method or tool used by the mouse king to help the pigeons.

Question 6. सः तीक्ष्णैः दन्तैः जालं ___________ प्राययत।
(a) छित्त्वा
(b) छेदनीयम्
(c) छेत्तुम्
(d) छिन्नम्
Answer: (c) छेत्तुम्
In simple words: He tried to cut the net with his sharp teeth.

Exam Tip: Choose the correct form of the verb "to cut" that fits the sentence's grammatical structure (infinitive in this case).

Question 7. 'वयम्' इति पदस्य एकवचनं किम्?
(a) अहम्
(b) त्वम्
(c) सः
(d) आवाम्
Answer: (a) अहम्
In simple words: The singular form of 'we' is 'I'.

Exam Tip: Review basic Sanskrit pronouns and their singular/plural forms.

Question 8. व्याधेन तण्डुलकणान् विकीर्य जाल विस्तीर्णम्। रेखाङ्कितपदस्य समासनाम लिखत।
(a) षष्ठी तत्पुरुष
(b) द्वंद्व
(c) द्वितीया तत्पुरुष
(d) समाहार द्वंद्व
Answer: (a) षष्ठी तत्पुरुष
In simple words: The highlighted word's compound name is "Shashthi Tatpurusha".

Exam Tip: Identify the relationship between the two parts of the compound word to determine the correct समास (compound) type.

Question 9. विहगाः तत्र न्यवसन्। 'स्म' प्रयोगं कुरुत।
(a) न्यवसन्ति स्म
(b) निवसन्ति स्म
(c) निवसति स्म
(d) निवसन् स्म
Answer: (b) निवसन्ति स्म
In simple words: To use 'sma' with the verb 'nyavasan', you change 'nyavasan' to 'nivasantis sma'.

Exam Tip: Remember that 'स्म' is added to the present tense verb form to convey past tense meaning, so convert the past tense verb to its present tense equivalent first.

2. एकवाक्येन संस्कृतभाषया उत्तरत –

Question 1. तण्डुलकणान् अवलोक्य कपोताः कीदृशाः अभवन्?
Answer: तण्डुलकणान् अवलोक्य कपोताः लुब्धाः अभवन्।
In simple words: Seeing the rice grains, the pigeons became greedy.

Exam Tip: State the pigeons' reaction to seeing the rice grains clearly and directly.

Question 2. बद्धाः कपोताः कं तिरस्कुर्वन्ति स्म?
Answer: बद्धाः कपोताः यस्य वचनेन जाले समपतनम् तं कपोतं तिरस्कुर्वन्ति स्म।
In simple words: The trapped pigeons criticized the pigeon whose words caused them to fall into the net.

Exam Tip: Identify who the pigeons blamed after being caught, connecting it to whose advice they followed.

Question 3. अल्पानां वस्तूनां सहितः कीदृशी भवति।
Answer: अल्पानां वस्तूनां सहितः कार्यसाधिका भवति।
In simple words: The unity of small things becomes a source of success or accomplishment.

Exam Tip: This question asks about the power of unity, a central theme of the story, so state its effectiveness.

Question 4. जालेन सह उत्पतिताः विहगाः कुत्र गच्छन्ति?
Answer: जालेन सह उत्पतिताः विहगाः हिरण्यकनामकस्य मूषकराजस्य समीपं गच्छन्ति।
In simple words: The birds, having flown up with the net, went to the mouse king named Hiranyaka.

Exam Tip: Recall the specific destination the pigeons chose after escaping with the net.

Question 5. भूतले शङ्काभिः किम् आक्रान्तं भवति?
Answer: भूतले दुर्लभं सर्वम् अन्नं पानं च शङ्काभिः आक्रान्तं भवति।
In simple words: On Earth, all rare food and drink are filled with doubt.

Exam Tip: This refers to the idea that in times of trouble, even basic necessities like food and water are viewed with suspicion.

3. रेखाङ्कितपदानां आधृत्य प्रश्ननिर्माणं कुरुत –
(कदा, केन, कस्य, कम्, किं कृत्वा, कुत्र, किम्)

Question 1. गोदावरीतीरे विशाल: शाल्मलीतरुः अस्ति।
Answer: कुत्र विशाल: शाल्मलीतरुः अस्ति?
In simple words: The question asks, "Where is the large silk-cotton tree?"

Exam Tip: To form a question from a location, use 'कुत्र' (where).

Question 2. व्याधेन जालं विस्तीर्णम्?
Answer: व्याधेन किं विस्तीर्णम्?
In simple words: The question asks, "What was spread by the hunter?"

Exam Tip: To ask about an object, use 'किम्' (what).

Question 3. व्याधेन तण्डुलकणान् विकीर्य जालं विस्तीर्णम्।
Answer: व्याधेन किं कृत्वा जालं विस्तीर्णम्?
In simple words: The question asks, "What did the hunter do before spreading the net?"

Exam Tip: To ask about an action preceding another, use 'किं कृत्वा' (having done what).

Question 4. वायसः प्रभातकाले व्याधम् अपश्यत्।
Answer: वायसः कदा व्याधम् अपश्यत्?
In simple words: The question asks, "When did the crow see the hunter?"

Exam Tip: To ask about time, use 'कदा' (when).

Question 5. चित्रग्रीवस्य मित्रं मूषकराजः अस्ति।
Answer: मूषकराजः कस्य मित्रम् अस्ति?
In simple words: The question asks, "Whose friend is the mouse king?"

Exam Tip: To ask about possession or relation, use 'कस्य' (whose).

4. घटनाक्रमानुसारं वाक्यानि लिखत

Question. Arrange the following sentences in chronological order of events.
1. अनन्तरं ते सर्वे जालेन बद्धाः अभवन्।
2. मूषकराजेन स्वकीयैः तीक्ष्णैः दन्तैः सर्वेषां बन्धनामि छिन्नानि।
3. वायसः कृतान्तम् इव द्वितीयम् अटन्तं व्याधम् अपश्यत्।
4. तदत्र धैर्यमवलम्ब्य इदानीमेवं क्रियताम्।
5. वृद्धानां वचनम् आपत्काले ग्राह्यम् एव।
6. इति विचिन्त्य कपोताः सर्वे जालमादाय उत्पतिताः।
Answer: The correct chronological order of the events is:
1. वायसः कृतान्तम् इव द्वितीयम् अटन्तं व्याधम् अपश्यत्।
2. अनन्तरं ते सर्वे जालेन बद्धाः अभवन्।
3. वृद्धानां वचनम् आपत्काले ग्राह्यम् एव।
4. तदत्र धैर्यमवलम्ब्य इदानीमेवं क्रियताम्।
5. इति विचिन्त्य कपोताः सर्वे जालमादाय उत्पतिताः।
6. मूषकराजेन स्वकीयैः तीक्ष्णैः दन्तैः सर्वेषां बन्धनामि छिन्नानि।
In simple words: First, the crow saw the hunter. Then, all the pigeons got trapped in the net. Next, the advice of elders in times of trouble was discussed. After that, courage was advised to deal with the situation. Thinking this, the pigeons flew away with the net. Finally, the mouse king cut all their bonds with his sharp teeth.

Exam Tip: Read the entire story carefully to understand the sequence of actions and discussions. Identify the cause-and-effect relationships between events.

5. मातृभाषाम् उत्तराणि लिखत –
Answer the following questions in Mother tongue.

Question 1. What did the crow think on seeing the hunter?
Answer: When Laghupatanaka, the crow, saw the hunter walking in the forest in the morning, the crow felt it was a bad sign. He became worried, wondering what bad event might happen. The hunter looked like the god of death to him.
In simple words: The crow saw the hunter early in the morning and thought it was a bad omen, making him very worried. He saw the hunter as a sign of death.

Exam Tip: Focus on the crow's initial reaction and specific fears upon spotting the hunter.

Question 2. What did Chitragriva say to pigeons, tempted by the rise grains?
Answer: The pigeons noticed the rice grains spread on the ground and were drawn to them. But Chitragriva asked them to think, "How did rice grains appear in this empty forest? I don't believe it indicates anything good. A big disaster might happen to us. Don't act carelessly."
In simple words: Chitragriva warned the pigeons about the rice grains in the empty forest, saying it could be a trap and that they should not be careless.

Exam Tip: Remember Chitragriva's cautionary words and his reasoning for advising against eating the rice grains.

Question 3. What was the reaction of the arrogant pigeon to the words of the old?
Answer: Chitragriva, the pigeon king, was careful like an old person. He warned his followers against hasty, thoughtless actions. But one pigeon arrogantly stated, "If we keep thinking like this, even eating food would be impossible. The world is full of uncertainty and doubt. But if we worry too much about these things, living will be impossible." The pigeons agreed with this youthful outlook and descended to eat the rice grains.
In simple words: An arrogant pigeon disagreed with Chitragriva, saying that overthinking makes life impossible, which convinced other pigeons to eat the rice.

Exam Tip: Explain the arrogant pigeon's counter-argument and its effect on the other pigeons' decision.

Question 4. How did pigeons free themselves from the net?
Answer: The pigeons followed Chitragriva's advice and worked together to lift the net as a single unit. They flew carrying the net to Hiranyaka, the king of mice, who was Chitragriva's friend. Hiranyaka then used his sharp teeth to cut through the net, freeing all the pigeons from their bonds.
In simple words: The pigeons flew away together with the net to their friend Hiranyaka, the mouse king, who then cut the net with his sharp teeth to free them.

Exam Tip: Describe the two main steps: the pigeons' collective action and the mouse king's assistance.

6. मातृभाषायाम् अनुवादं कुरुत
Translate in Mother tongue.

Question 1. विविधेभ्यः देशेभ्यः समागताः विहगाः तत्र रात्रौ निवसन्ति।
Answer: The birds that came from various countries stayed there at night.
In simple words: Birds from different lands stayed there at night.

Exam Tip: Pay attention to the location and the timing of the birds' stay.

Question 2. चित्रग्रीवनामा कपोतराजः परिवारेण सह गगने व्यसर्पत्।
Answer: The king of pigeons named Chitragriva was flying in the sky with his retinue.
In simple words: Chitragriva, the pigeon king, flew with his family in the sky.

Exam Tip: Identify the main character and his companions' activity correctly.

Question 3. तस्य तद्वचनं श्रुत्वा सने कपोताः तत्र जाले उपाविशन्।
Answer: Having heard that speech of his, all the pigeons sat on the net there.
In simple words: After hearing his words, all the pigeons sat on the net.

Exam Tip: Note the immediate consequence of listening to the speaker's words.

Question 4. व्याधः तान् जालापहारकान् अवलोक्य पश्चात् धावति।
Answer: Having seen those (pigeons) carrying away the net, the hunter ran after them.
In simple words: The hunter saw the pigeons taking the net and ran after them.

Exam Tip: Observe the hunter's reaction when the pigeons escaped with the net.

Question 5. तीक्ष्णैः दन्तैः बन्धनानि छिन्नानि।
Answer: With the sharp teeth, the ties were cut.
In simple words: The sharp teeth cut the bonds.

Exam Tip: State the tool used and the action performed clearly.

GSEB Class 9 Sanskrit संहतिः कार्यसाधिका Additional Important Questions and Answers

1. अधोदत्तानां गद्यखण्डं पठित्वा तदाधारिताना प्रश्नानाम् उत्तराणि संस्कृतभाषायां लिखत –
Read the passage and choose answer in sanskrit of given questions.

अथ तेन व्याधेन तण्डुलकणान् विकीर्य जालं विस्तीर्णम्। स च वृक्षस्य पृष्ठभागे प्रच्छन्नो भूत्वा अतिष्ठत्। तस्मिन्नेव काले चित्रग्रीवनामा कपोतराजः परिवारेण सह गगने व्यसर्पत्। भूमौ विकीर्णान् तण्डुलकणान् दृष्ट्ा कपोताः लुब्धाः अभवन्। ततः स कपोतराजः तण्डुलकणलुब्धान् कपोतान् अकथयत्, 'कुतोऽत्र निर्जने वने तण्डुलकणानां सम्भवः? तन्निरूप्यताम् तावत्। भद्रमिदं न पश्यामि। अनेन तण्डुलकणलोभेन अस्माकं महदनिष्टमपि भवितुमर्हति। अतः सर्वथा अविचारितं कर्म न कर्तव्यम्।

Question 1. व्याधेन् किम् कृतम् ?
Answer: व्याधेन तण्डुलकणाम् विकीर्य जाल विस्तीर्णम्।
In simple words: The hunter spread rice grains and then spread a net.

Exam Tip: Extract the hunter's actions directly from the passage, focusing on what he did with the rice and the net.

Question 2. तस्मिन्नेव काले कः गगने व्यसर्पत्?
Answer: तस्मिन्नेव काले चित्रग्रीवनामा कपोतराजः सपरिवारः गगने व्यसर्पत्।
In simple words: At that very time, the pigeon king named Chitragriva flew in the sky with his family.

Exam Tip: Identify the specific character and his family who were flying at the stated time from the passage.

Question 3. कपोतराजः कीदृशेभ्यः कपोतेभ्यः अकथयत्?
Answer: कपोतराजः तण्डुलकणलुब्धेभ्यः कपोतेभ्यः अकथयत्।
In simple words: The pigeon king spoke to the pigeons who were greedy for rice grains.

Exam Tip: Look for the description of the pigeons that Chitragriva addressed in the passage.

Question 4. सर्वथा किं योग्यं कर्म इति कपोतराजेन कथितम् ?
Answer: सर्वथा अविचारितं कर्म न कर्तव्यम् इति कपोतराजेन कथितम्।
In simple words: The pigeon king said that thoughtless action should never be done.

Exam Tip: Find the advice or instruction given by the pigeon king regarding actions in the passage.

2. अधोदत्तानां प्रश्नानाम् उत्तराणि संस्कृतभाषायां लिखत –
Choose answer in sanskrit of given questions.

Question 1. वायसस्य नाम किम् आसीत्?
(a) चित्रग्रीवः
(b) लघुपतनक:
(c) हिरण्यकः
(d) लुब्धकः
Answer: (b) लघुपतनक:
In simple words: The crow's name was Laghupatanaka.

Exam Tip: Recall the specific name of the crow character from the story.

Question 2. कपोतराजस्य किं नामधेयम् आसीत्?
(a) हिरण्यकः
(b) लुब्धकः
(c) लघुपतनकः
(d) चित्रग्रीवः
Answer: (d) चित्रग्रीवः
In simple words: The pigeon king's name was Chitragriva.

Exam Tip: Identify the correct name of the pigeon king from the given options.

Question 3. किं दृष्ट्वा कपोता: लुब्धाः अभवन्?
(a) तण्डुलकणान्
(b) विस्तीर्णम् जालम्
(c) व्याधम्
(d) गोधूमकणान्
Answer: (a) तण्डुलकणान्
In simple words: The pigeons became greedy after seeing rice grains.

Exam Tip: Remember what attracted the pigeons to the ground, leading to their predicament.

Question 4. आपत्काले वृद्धानां वचनं ___________। रिक्तस्थाने उचितं पदं किम्?
(a) नेयम्
(b) देयम
(c) ग्राह्यम्
(d) पेयम्
Answer: (c) ग्राह्यम्
In simple words: The suitable word to fill the blank is 'graahyam', meaning 'should be accepted'.

Exam Tip: Recall the moral lesson from the story about heeding elders' advice during difficulties.

Question 5. विपत्काले किं कापुरुषलक्षणम्?
(a) शान्तिः
(b) धैर्यम्
(c) प्रतीकारः
(d) विस्मयः
Answer: (d) विस्मयः
In simple words: In times of trouble, confusion or bewilderment is the sign of a cowardly person.

Exam Tip: Focus on the specific emotion or reaction that characterizes a coward in a difficult situation.

Question 6. गुणत्वमापन्नैः तृणैः वे बध्यन्ते?
(a) बलिष्ठाः पुरुषाः
(b) बलिष्ठाः वृषभाः
(c) मत्ता पशवः
(d) मत्ता गजराजा:
Answer: (d) मत्ता गजराजा:
In simple words: Intoxicated elephant kings can be tied by ropes made from strengthened grass.

Exam Tip: Remember the example used in the story to illustrate the strength of unity, specifically which powerful animals can be controlled by simple, combined efforts.

Question 7. कः कपोतान् बन्धनमुक्तान् करिष्यति?
(a) चित्रग्रीवः
(b) हिरण्यकः
(c) मूषकः
(d) कपोतराजः
Answer: (b) हिरण्यकः
In simple words: Hiranyaka, the mouse, will free the pigeons from their bonds.

Exam Tip: Recall the name of the friend who was capable of cutting the net and freeing the pigeons.

संहतिः कार्यसाधिका Introduction:

This story is from the famous book हितोपदेश (A Book of Good Counsels) composed by नारायणभट्ट. It is more or less the revised and enlarged edition of पञ्चतन्त्र. This particular story is interesting. The argument between the cautious old चित्रगोव and the young arrogant pigeon has an element of drama in it. This argument takes place everywhere and in all times with little variations. In other words it is a universal conflict. Both the sides seem to be right and it makes the argument more interesting.

संहतिः कार्यसाधिका Prose, Translation And Glossary:

अस्ति गोदावरीतीरे विशालः शाल्मलीतरुः। विविधेभ्यः देशेभ्यः समागताः बहवः विहगाः तत्र रात्रै निवसन्ति। तेषु लघुपतनकनामा वायसः अपि एकतमः अस्ति। अथ कदाचित् प्रभातकाले स वायसः कृतान्तं द्वितीयम् इव अटन्तं व्याधम् पश्यत्। तमवलोक्य सोऽचिन्तयम्, 'अद्य प्रातरेव अनिष्टदर्शनं संजातम्, न जाने तत् किमनभिप्रेतं दर्शयिष्यति।' इति विचिन्त्य स व्याकुलः संजातः।

There was a large silk-cotton tree on the banks on the river of Godavari. Many birds who had come from various countries used to stay there at night. Among them was also a crow saw a hunter like the second god of death moving about in the morning. Having seen him, he (the crow) thought, “Today in the morning itself the sight of a bad thing took place. I don't know what undesirable thing it will show.” Thus thinking, he became anxious.

अथ तेन व्याधेन तण्डुलकणान् विकीर्य जालं विस्तीर्णम्। स च वृक्षस्य पृष्ठभागे प्रच्छन्नो भूत्वा अतिष्ठत्। तस्मिन्नेव काले चित्रग्रीवनामा कपोतराजः परिवारेण सह गगने व्यसर्पत्। भूमौ विकीर्णान् तण्डुलकणान् दृष्ट्वा कपोता: लुब्धाः अभवन्। ततः स कपोतराजः तण्डुलकणलुब्धान् कपोतान् अकथयत्, 'कुतोऽत्र निर्जने वने तण्डुलकणानां सम्भवः? तन्निरूप्यताम् तावत्। भद्रमिदं न पश्यामि। अनेन तण्डुलकणलोभेन अस्माकं महंदनिष्टमपि भवितुमर्हति। अतः सर्वथा अविचारितं कर्म न कर्तव्यम्। यतः –

Now after having scattered the rice grains, a net was spread by the hunter and he stood hidden behind a tree. Right at that time the king of pigeons, named Chitragriva, was going (flying) in the sky with his retinue. Having seen the rice grains spread on the ground, the pigeons said to the pigeons who were greedy of the rice grains. "How could there be the possibility of rice grains in this uninhabited forest? So think first. I do not see any good coming out of this. As a result of this even some great misfortune may befall us. So under no circumstances a thought less action should be done because

सुजीर्णमन्नं सुविचक्षणः सुतः
सुशासिता श्रीः नृपतिः सुसेवितः।
सुचिन्त्य चोक्तं सुविचार्य यत्कृतं
सुदीर्घकालेऽपि न याति विक्रियाम्॥

Well-digested food, very clever son, well-managed wealth, the king who is well served, something said after thinking properly. Whatever is done after giving it a good thought do not get spoiled during the course of quite a long period of time.

एतद्वचनं श्रुत्वा का श्चत् कपोत: सदर्पमवदत्, “आः। किमेवमुच्यते?

Hearing this, a certain pigeon said proudly, “Ah! why is it said like this?

वृद्धानां वचनं ग्राह्यम् आपत्काले ह्युपस्थिते।
सर्वत्रैवं विचारेण भोजनेप्यप्रवर्तनम्।।

उक्तं च
शकाभिः सर्वमाक्रान्तमन्नं पानं च दुर्लभम्।
प्रवृत्तिः कुत्र कर्तव्या जीवितव्यं कथं नु वा॥”

Indeed when the time of calamity comes, the advice of old people should be accepted. By thinking thus every time, even eating food would be impossible. And it is said, Everything is pervaded by doubts. Food and water are difficult to get. Where should activity be proceeded? How, indeed, should life be lived?

तस्य तद्वचनं श्रुत्वा सर्वे कपोताः तत्र जाले उपाविशन्। अनन्तरं ते सर्वे जालेन बद्धाः अभवन्।

Having heard that speech of his, all the pigeons sat down on the net. Then all of them were trapped by the net.

अथ जालबद्धाः ते यस्य वचनेन तत्र समपतन तस्य कपोतस्य तिरस्कारं कुर्वन्ति स्म। तस्य तिरस्कारं श्रुत्वा चित्रग्रीवः अवदत्, “विपत्काले विस्मय एवं कापुरुषलक्षणम्। तदत्र धैर्यमवलम्ब्य इदानीमेवं क्रियताम्। सर्वेः एकचित्तीभूय जालमादाय उड्डीयताम्। यत्

Now being bound by the net they criticised the pigeon by (listening to) whose advice they got there. Having heard him criticised, Chitragriva said, "To be surprised in difficulty is the characteristic feature of a cowardly person. So holding on to courage, now let this be done. Being of one mind (unitedly) fly away taking the net. Because

अल्पानापि वस्तूनां संहतिः कार्यसाधिका।
तृणैर्गुणत्वमापन्नैः बध्यन्ते मत्तदन्तिनः॥

The unity or combination of even small things accomplishes the task. The huge elephants in a rut can be tied by the rope made out of blades of grass (lit by the blades of grass which have attained the strength of a rope)

इति विचिन्त्य सर्वे कपोताः जालमादाय उत्पतिताः। तः स व्याधः तानृ जालापहारकान् अवलोक्य पश्चात् धावति। परन्तु तान् सुदूर गतान् दृष्टवो व्याधः प्रतिनिवृत्तः । लुब्धकं निवृत्तं दृष्ट्ा चित्रग्रीवः अवदत्, "हिरण्यकनामकस्य मम मित्रस्य मषकराजस्य समीपे वयं गच्छामः। स अस्मान् बन्धनात् मुक्तान् करिष्यति।” ततः ते मूषकराजस्य समीपं समगच्छन्। चित्रग्रीवस्य मित्रेण मूषकराजेन स्वकीयैः तीक्ष्णैः दन्तैः सर्वेषां बन्धनानि छिननि। चित्रग्रीवोऽपि हिरण्यकस्य आभारं मत्वा सपरिवारः यथेष्टदेशान् समगच्छत्।

Thus thinking all the pigeons flew away taking the net. Then the hunter ran after them seeing them carry away the net. But seeing them gone far away, the hunter went back. Having seen the hunter gone back, Chitragriva said, “We will go to my friend Hiranyaka, the king of mice. He will free us from the bondage.” Then they went to the king of mice. The ties of all were cut by Chitragriva's friend, the king of mice with his sharp teeth. Chitragriva also went to the desired place after having given thanks to Hiranyaka.

Glossary : अस्ति – is, was; when this present tense verb comes in the beginning of a story it is translated as 'was', गोदावरीतीरे – गोदावर्याः तीरम्, तस्मिन् – षष्ठी तत्पुरुष समास on the banks of the river गोदावरी, शाल्मलीतरुः – शाल्मल्याः तरुः – षष्ठी तत्पुरुष समास silk-cotton tree, विविधेभ्यः देशेभ्यः – from various countries, समागताः – who came, adjective of the noun 'विहगा:' (birds), रात्रौ – at night, रात्रि (femi-noun ending in इ) locative singular.

तेषु – among them, तेषु stands for विहगेषु लघुपतनकनामा – लघुपतनकः इति नाम यस्य सः – बहुव्रीहि समास named लघुपतनक, लघु means : quick, पतनक means : one who flies away or comes down. The crow flies away or comes down quickly so the name is appropriate, Tchat: – one among them, 319 anifeil – how once, this is an indeclinable, प्रभातकाले – in the morning, कृतान्तम् इव द्वितीयम् – like the second/other god of death.

कृतान्तः means कृतः अन्तः येन सः – बहुव्रीहि समास i.e., god of death. this is an adjective phrase qualifying the noun 'व्याधम्', अटन्तम् – wandering अट् (1P) present active participle, masculine accusative singular adjective of, 'व्याधम्', व्याधमपश्यत् – व्याधम् + अपश्यत्, saw the hunter, 'अपश्यत्' is the verb of the subject ‘सः वायसः' तमवलोक्य – तम् + अवलोक्य, having seen him (व्याधम्), अवलोक्य – अव + लोक् (10U) संबंधक भूतकृदन्त (ल्यबन्त) gerund.

तेन व्याधेन – by the hunter, तण्डुलकणान् – तण्डुलानाम् कणाः, तान् – षष्ठी तत्पुरुष समास rice grains, object of विकीर्य so the accusative case. विकीर्य is ल्यबन्त gerund of वि + कृ (6P), जालम् – net, विस्तीर्णम् – spread पृष्ठभागे – behind (the tree), प्रच्छन्नः भूत्वा – being hidden, i.e., hiding, अतिष्ठत् - stood, waited, तस्मिन्नेव काले – तस्मिन् + एव काले, at the same time, कपोतराजः – कपोतानाम् राजा – षष्ठी तत्पुरुष समास, the king of pigeons; Note the word राजन् becomes राज: (like देवः) in the compound.

परिवारेण सह – with the retinue of attendants or followers, व्यसर्पत् – was going वि + सृप (1P), imperfect past (लङ् लकार) tense, third person singular, verb of the subject 'कपोतराजः, भूमौ - on the ground 4f (feminine noun ending in 3), locative singular, factuft – spread, adjective of the noun तण्डुलकणान् which is the object of दृष्ट्वा, लुब्धाः अभवन् – (they) became greedy, तण्डुलकणानाम् संभवः – possibility of rice grains.

तन्निरूप्यताम् – तत् + निरूप्यताम् – so think well (नि) literally let it be thought carefully, नि + रूप (10U) passive imperative mood (कर्मणि लोट् लकार), third person singular. सुजीर्णम् – well digested, adjective of 'अन्नम्', सुविचक्षणः – clever, very smart adjective of 'सुतः', सुशासिता – well governed/managed (शासिता) adjective of 'श्री' (wealth), सुसेवितः – well served/attended, adjective of, 'नृपः', सुचिन्त्य – having thought well सु + चिन्त् (100) संबंधक भूतकृदन्त ल्यबन्त, gerund, उक्तम् - spoken, speech, सुविचार्य – having considered well सु + वि + चर् (1P) प्रेरक संबंधक भूतकृदन्त causal ल्यबन्त gerund.

एतद्वचनम् – एतत् + वचनम्, this speech object of ‘श्रुत्वा', श्रुत्वा – having heard श्रु (SP) संबंधक भूतकृदन्त त्वान्त gerund, सदर्पम् – दर्पण सह यथा स्यात् तथा – क्रियाविशेशण सहबहुव्रीहि Or अव्ययीभाव समास, proudly, arrogantly, आः – Ah, interjection showing reproof, किमेवमुच्यते – किम् + एवम् + उच्यते – why is it said.

आपत्काले उपस्थिते – यदा आपत्काल: उपस्थितः तदा when the time of difficulty or calamity comes, आपदः कालः, तस्मिन्, षष्ठी तत्पुरुष समास, हि – indeed, because this is an indeclinable, वचनम् – speech, advice, ग्राह्यम् – should be accepted ग्रह (9U) potential passive participle.

कर्मणि विध्यर्थक धातु – साधिते विशेषण, neuter nominative accusative singular, सर्वत्र एव – every where in all cases एवं has the sense of 'without exception', 30F ET - an it is said, very often this introduces some popular saying. शकाभिः – by doubts or uncertainty, सर्वमाक्रान्तम् – सर्वम् + आक्रान्तम् everything is pervaded, प्रवृत्तिः कुत्र कर्तव्या – where to proceed, in what direction should we be active? जीवितव्यम् कथम् – how to live अस्माभिः जीवितव्यम् is impersonal (भावे) voice वयम् जीवेम् is active voice.

जाले on the net, उपाविशन् – sat down, verb of the subject, 'ते (सर्वे कपोता:)' उपाविशन् – उप + विश् (6P) imperfect past tense लङ् लकार third person plural, अनन्तरम् – then जालेनबद्धाः bound by the net, trapped, adjective of ते सर्वे'। जालबद्धाः – जालेन बद्धाः – तृतीया तत्पुरुष समास, trapped in the net, adjective of 'ते' यस्य वचनेन by whose advice, समपतन् – fell सम् + पत् (1P) imperfect past tense (लङ् लकार) third person plural, verb of the subject 'ते' तिरस्कारम् कुर्वन्ति स्म – तिरस्कारम् अकुर्वन् (they) hated or despised him.

They were condemning him, विपत्काले – विपदः कालः, तस्मिन् – षष्ठी तत्पुरुष समास in times of a calamity, विस्मयः – wonder, but here it means uncertainty or doubt (about what to do), कापुरुषलक्षणम् – कुत्सितः पुरुषः कापुरुषः – प्रादि तत्पुरुष कापुरुषस्य लक्षणम् -षष्ठी तत्पुरुष characteristic of a cowardly person, क्रियताम् – should be done, अस्माभिः एवं क्रियताम्। (passive) वयम् एवम् करवाम।

अल्पानाम् अपि वस्तूनाम् – of even small things, संहितः – union, combination, गुणत्वम् आपन्नैः qut: – with the blades of grass that have assumed (3719-7:) the form of rope, rope of grass, मत्तदन्तिनः – मत्ताः दन्तिनः – कर्मधारय समास, intoxicated elephants (दन्तिनः) बध्यन्ते – are bound or tied, बन्ध् (9P) passive present tense (कर्मणि लट् लकार) third person plural.