GSEB Class 9 Sanskrit Solutions Chapter 16 अजेयः स भविष्यति

Gseb Class 9 Sanskrit अजेयः स भविष्यति Textbook Questions And Answers

Choose Suitable Answers From The Given Alternatives.

 

Question 1. सिंहात् कति लक्षणानि शिक्षेत्?
(a) एकं लक्षणम्
(b) द्वे लक्षणे
(c) त्रीणि लक्षणानि
(d) बहूनि लक्षणानि
Answer: (a) एकं लक्षणम्
In simple words: How many qualities should a person learn from a lion? The answer is one quality.

Exam Tip: Remember specific numerical facts about qualities learned from animals as these are often tested directly.

 

Question 2. 'प्रभूतम्' इति शब्दस्य विरुद्धार्थकः कः शब्दः?
(a) शीतम्
(b) अल्पम्
(c) उष्णम्
(d) विभूतम्
Answer: (b) अल्पम्
In simple words: What is the opposite word for 'Prabhutam'? The opposite word is 'Alpam', which means less.

Exam Tip: Pay close attention to antonyms (विरुद्धार्थकः शब्दः) in Sanskrit vocabulary questions. Practice common opposing pairs.

 

Question 3. गर्दभः अविश्राम किं वहति?
(a) गुणम्
(b) भारम्
(c) भागम्
(d) अन्नम्
Answer: (b) भारम्
In simple words: What does a donkey carry tirelessly? It carries a burden or load without stopping.

Exam Tip: Connect the qualities of animals to the specific actions or traits mentioned in the text. Here, the donkey's action is carrying a burden.

 

Question 4. 'काकः' इति शब्दस्य कः पर्यायः?
(a) रासभः
(b) कोकिल:
(c) वायसः
(d) केसरी
Answer: (c) वायसः
In simple words: What is a synonym for the word 'Kakaha' (crow)? The correct synonym is 'Vayasaha'.

Exam Tip: Be sure to memorize synonyms (पर्यायशब्दः) for key vocabulary words. Contextual understanding helps a lot.

 

2. उदाहरणानुसारं शब्दरूपाणां परिचयं कारयत –

Exam Tip: When analyzing Sanskrit word forms (शब्दरूपाणि), identify the root word, its ending (अकारांतः, उकारांतः, etc.), gender, case (विभक्तिः), and number (वचनम्) to accurately understand its grammatical function.

Write Answers In Gurjar Language.

 

Question 1. What should a man learn from a crane and a crow?
Answer: A man should learn to perform his work from a crane by controlling his sense organs. He should also get familiar with the five qualities from a crow: family secrecy, cleverness, building a nest at the appropriate moment, alertness, and being free from laziness.
In simple words: A person should learn to control their senses and finish tasks from a crane. From a crow, they should learn five things: keeping family secrets, being smart, building nests on time, staying alert, and not being lazy.

Exam Tip: When answering questions about lessons from animals, ensure you list all the specific qualities attributed to each animal as per the text.

 

Question 2. What qualities does a donkey have?
Answer: A donkey possesses the following three qualities:

• It carries loads without becoming tired.
• It does not mind about extreme heat or cold.
• It is always pleased with its situation.

In simple words: Donkeys have three main qualities: they carry heavy loads without getting tired, they don't care about hot or cold weather, and they are always happy with what they have.

Exam Tip: Remember the specific number of qualities for each animal (e.g., three for a donkey) and be prepared to list them clearly.

 

Question 3. What should a man (a person) do to be victorious in any situation?
Answer: A person who practices the twenty qualities of animals and birds, as listed by all in every stage of work, will achieve victory in any situation.
In simple words: To win in any situation, a person must use the twenty qualities that animals and birds show during different parts of their work.

Exam Tip: This question summarizes the overall message of the chapter. Focus on the idea of incorporating animal-like qualities for success.

Complete The Slokas.

 

Question 1. प्रभूतमल्पकार्यं ................................. प्रकीर्तितम्।
Answer: प्रभूतमल्पकार्यं वा यो नरः कर्तुमिच्छति। सर्वारम्भेण तत्कुर्यात् सिंहादेके प्रकीर्तितम्।
In simple words: Any person who wants to do a big or small job should complete it with full effort, like the lion's single-minded focus.

Exam Tip: Memorize the full shlokas, including the missing parts, to complete them accurately. Understand the meaning to recall the context.

 

Question 2. प्राप्ताशी ................................. श्वगुणा हि षट्।।
Answer: प्राप्ताशी स्वल्प्सतुष्टः सुनिद्रः शौर्घचेतनः। प्रभुभक्तश्च शूरश्च ज्ञातव्याः श्वगुणा हि षट्।।
In simple words: Six qualities of a dog are known: it eats what it gets, is content with little, sleeps soundly, wakes up quickly, is loyal to its master, and is brave.

Exam Tip: Practice writing out the shlokas multiple times to ensure correct spelling and completion. Focus on the virtues of each animal.

Translate And Explain Into English Of The Following Verses.

 

Question 1. सर्वेन्द्रियाणि संयम्य बकवत पण्डितो जनः। कालदेभोपपन्नानि सर्वकार्याणि साधयेत्।।
Answer: A wise person, restraining all their senses like a crane, should complete all tasks that come their way according to time and place. The crane standing in shallow water appears still, like a statue, but its full attention is on the fish. While doing various jobs that appear due to our circumstances, we should concentrate on the task at hand, controlling our sense organs. This teaches us the importance of sense control to achieve a particular job.
In simple words: A smart person should control their senses, just like a crane, and finish all jobs at the right time and place. This means focusing fully on the task, like a crane waiting for fish.

Exam Tip: For verses, first translate literally, then expand on the meaning, and finally summarize the moral or lesson conveyed.

 

Question 2. अविश्रामं वहेद् भारं शीतोष्णं च न विन्दति। ससन्तोषस्तथा नित्यं त्रीणि शिक्षेत् गर्दभात्।।
Answer: One should always learn three things from a donkey: it carries its burden without tiring, it does not mind heat or cold, and it is always content. A donkey does not get bored or tired doing the same task repeatedly. It is unaffected by temperature and always appears content. When doing routine, monotonous tasks, we should follow the donkey's example: work silently, patiently, and accept our situation. Many workplace tasks are routine, so we should learn to complete our jobs without complaining or calling them 'donkey work'. We should accept reality and be satisfied with our portion.
In simple words: Learn three things from a donkey: it carries loads without getting tired, tolerates heat and cold, and stays happy. We should do our regular work patiently, without complaining, and be content.

Exam Tip: Highlight the practical applications of the animal's qualities in human life, especially for managing routine tasks and showing resilience.

 

Question 3. युद्धं च प्रातरुत्थानं भोजनं सह बन्धुभिः। स्त्रियमापद्गतां रक्षेत् चतुः शिक्षेत कुक्कुटात्।।
Answer: One should learn four things from a cock:

• Fighting
• Getting up early in the morning
• Eating with relatives
• Protecting women folk in calamity.

A cock wakes up before sunrise, searches for food with its relatives, and protects its women during difficulty. Community life is evident among cocks. Starting the day early and being with our family during meals ensures a happy life. Minor fights happen but should be quickly forgotten. We must protect the weak when they are in trouble.
In simple words: Learn four lessons from a cock: fighting when needed, waking up early, eating with family, and protecting women in danger. These teach us about community, early rising, and support for others.

Exam Tip: Structure your answer clearly by listing the four lessons first, then expanding on each with context and the general moral derived from it.

Gseb Class 9 Sanskrit अजेयः स भविष्यति Additional Important Questions And Answers

Write Answers Of The Following Questions Into Sanskrit.

 

Question 1. बकात् कति लक्षणानि शिक्षेत?
(a) एकं लक्षणम्
(b) चत्वारि लक्षणानि
(c) पञ्च लक्षणानि
(d) बहूनि लक्षणानि
Answer: (a) एकं लक्षणम्
In simple words: How many qualities should be learned from a crane? One quality should be learned.

Exam Tip: Be mindful of how questions are framed in Sanskrit and answer them precisely according to the text. Double-check the number of qualities.

 

Question 2. शुनः कति लक्षणानि शिक्षेत?
(a) पञ्च लक्षणानि
(b) त्रीणि लक्षणानि
(c) षट् लक्षणानि
(d) चत्वारि लक्षणानि
Answer: (c) षट् लक्षणानि
In simple words: How many qualities should be learned from a dog? Six qualities should be learned.

Exam Tip: Accurately recall the count of qualities associated with each animal. This requires careful memorization of the original text.

 

Question 3. गर्दभात् कति लक्षणानि शिक्षेत?
(a) द्वे लक्षणे
(b) त्रीणि लक्षणानि
(c) चत्वारि लक्षणानि
(d) पञ्च लक्षणानि
Answer: (b) त्रीणि लक्षणानि
In simple words: How many qualities should be learned from a donkey? Three qualities should be learned.

Exam Tip: Confirm the number of qualities for each animal from the source text to ensure correctness in your answers.

 

Question 4. वायसात् कति लक्षणानि शिक्षेत?
(a) चत्वारि लक्षणानि
(b) एकं लक्षणम्
(c) त्रीणि लक्षणानि
(d) पञ्च लक्षणानि
Answer: (d) पञ्च लक्षणानि
In simple words: How many qualities should be learned from a crow? Five qualities should be learned.

Exam Tip: Memorizing the specific number of virtues from each creature is important for quick and accurate responses.

 

Question 5. सर्वेन्द्रियाणि कः संयच्छति?
(a) मुनिः, ऋषिः
(b) सिंहः
(c) बकः
(d) श्वा
Answer: (c) बकः
In simple words: Who controls all senses? The crane (Bakaha) controls all senses.

Exam Tip: Understand which animal embodies which key trait. Here, the crane represents sense control.

 

Question 6. प्रभुभक्तः कः वर्तते?
(a) सिंह
(b) बकः
(c) वायसः
(d) कुक्कुरः
Answer: (d) कुक्कुरः
In simple words: Who is loyal to their master? The dog (Kukkuraha) is loyal to its master.

Exam Tip: Identify the specific characteristic (like devotion) and link it correctly to the animal described in the chapter.

 

Question 7. कः ससन्तोषः भवति?
(a) सिंहः
(b) बकः
(c) श्वा
(d) गर्दभः
Answer: (d) गर्दभः
In simple words: Who is always content? The donkey (Gardabhaha) is always content.

Exam Tip: Match the qualities like contentment directly to the correct animal for precise answers.

 

Question 8. गूढगार्हस्थ्यं कस्य विद्यते?
(a) बकस्य
(b) गर्दभस्य
(c) काकस्य
(d) कुक्कुरस्य
Answer: (c) काकस्य
In simple words: Who maintains family secrecy? The crow (Kakaha) maintains family secrecy.

Exam Tip: Recognize specific traits like 'family secrecy' and their corresponding animals. These unique associations are key.

 

Question 9. आपद्गतां स्त्रियं कं: रक्षेत्?
(a) सिंहः
(b) वायसः
(c) श्वां
(d) कुक्कुटः
Answer: (d) कुक्कुटः
In simple words: Who protects a woman in distress? The cock (Kukkuṭaha) protects a woman in distress.

Exam Tip: Recall the protective qualities and the animal linked to them, such as the cock's role in safeguarding its hens.

Write Synonyms Of The Following Words.

 

Question 1. ‘सिंहः' इति शब्दस्य पर्यायशब्दः कः?
(a) मृगेन्द्रः
(b) शार्दूल:
(c) व्याघ्रः
(d) द्वीपी
Answer: (a) मृगेन्द्रः
In simple words: What is a synonym for 'Simhaha' (lion)? 'Mrugendrah' is the correct synonym.

Exam Tip: Focus on identifying the most direct and common synonym. Sometimes multiple options might be related, but one is the best fit.

 

Question 2. 'श्वा' इति शब्दस्य पर्यायशब्दः कः?
(a) किरातः
(b) व्याघ्रः
(c) सारमेयः
(d) सूकर:
Answer: (c) सारमेयः
In simple words: What is a synonym for 'Shvaa' (dog)? 'Saarameyah' is the correct synonym.

Exam Tip: Build a strong Sanskrit vocabulary, especially for synonyms and antonyms, as these are frequent question types.

 

Question 3. 'गर्दभः' इति शब्दस्य पर्यायशब्दः कः?
(a) एडकः
(b) खरः
(c) क्रमेलक:
(d) धुरीण:
Answer: (b) खरः
In simple words: What is a synonym for 'Gardabhah' (donkey)? 'Kharah' is the correct synonym.

Exam Tip: Regular practice with Sanskrit dictionary references can improve your synonym recall.

 

Question 4. 'वायसः' इति शब्दस्य पर्यायशब्दः कः?
(a) ध्वाङ्खः
(b) कृकणः
(c) परभृतः
(d) कुक्कुटः
Answer: (a) ध्वाङ्खः
In simple words: What is a synonym for 'Vayasah' (crow)? 'Dhvankshah' is the correct synonym.

Exam Tip: Be cautious with similar-sounding words; ensure you select the precise synonym for the given term.

 

Question 5. 'कुक्कुटः' इति शब्दस्य पर्यायशब्दः कः?
(a) कलर्विङ्कः
(b) कर्करतुः
(c) ताम्रचूडः
(d) काकोल:
Answer: (c) ताम्रचूडः
In simple words: What is a synonym for 'Kukkuṭah' (cock)? 'Tamracuḍah' is the correct synonym.

Exam Tip: Familiarize yourself with the various names or synonyms for animals mentioned in the lesson.

Write Antonyms Of The Following Words.

 

Question 1. 'आरम्भः' इति शब्दस्य विरुद्धार्थकः शब्दः कः?
(a) प्रारम्भः
(b) अनारम्भः
(c) अन्त्यः
(d) आरम्भिकः
Answer: (b) अनारम्भः
In simple words: What is the opposite of 'Arambhah' (beginning)? 'Anarambhah' (not beginning/ending) is the opposite.

Exam Tip: Understand the prefix 'an-' often indicates negation or opposition in Sanskrit words.

 

Question 2. 'पतिः' इति शब्दस्य विरुद्धार्थकः शब्दः कः?
(a) उत्थितः
(b) पतनम्
(c) अवतीर्णः
(d) अरूढः
Answer: (a) उत्थितः
In simple words: What is the opposite of 'Patitah' (fallen)? 'Utthitah' (risen/stood up) is the opposite.

Exam Tip: Consider the root meaning of the word 'pati' (to fall) to correctly identify its antonym.

 

Question 3. 'स्वल्पम्' इति शब्दस्य विरुद्धार्थकः शब्दः कः?
(a) अल्पम्
(b) ईषत्
(c) प्रभूतम्
(d) मनाक्
Answer: (c) प्रभूतम्
In simple words: What is the opposite of 'Svalpam' (a little)? 'Prabhootam' (a lot) is the opposite.

Exam Tip: These are common antonym pairs. Ensure to differentiate between similar words like 'alpam' and 'eeshat' from their true antonyms.

 

Question 4. 'शीघ्रम्' इति शब्दस्य विरुद्धार्थकः शब्दः कः?
(a) सविलम्बम्
(b) त्वरितम्
(c) तूर्णम्
(d) संत्वरम्
Answer: (a) सविलम्बम्
In simple words: What is the opposite of 'Sheeghram' (quickly)? 'Savilambam' (slowly/with delay) is the opposite.

Exam Tip: Pay attention to prefixes like 'sa-' which often imply 'with' or 'having'.

 

Question 5. 'अविश्रामम्' इति शब्दस्य विरुद्धार्थकः शब्दः कः?
(a) अविश्रान्तम्
(b) सविश्रामम्
(c) विश्रान्तिः
(d) परिश्रमेण
Answer: (b) सविश्रामम्
In simple words: What is the opposite of 'Avishramam' (tirelessly/without rest)? 'Savishramam' (with rest) is the opposite.

Exam Tip: The 'a-' prefix often denotes 'without' or 'not'. Its removal or replacement with 'sa-' can indicate an antonym.

 

Question 6. 'अनालस्यम्' इति शब्दस्य विरुद्धार्थकः शब्दः कः?
(a) आलस्यम्
(b) अलसम्
(c) प्रमत्तम्
(d) अप्रमत्तम्
Answer: (a) आलस्यम्
In simple words: What is the opposite of 'Anaalasyam' (absence of laziness)? 'Aalasyam' (laziness) is the opposite.

Exam Tip: Understand that the 'an-' prefix in Sanskrit words usually indicates the absence or negation of something.

Dissolve Sandhis.

 

Question 1. 'सिंहादेकम्' एतस्य सन्धिविच्छेदः कः?
(a) सिंह + देकम्
(b) सिंहा + देकम्
(c) सिंहात् + एकम्
(d) सिंहाद् + देकम्
Answer: (c) सिंहात् + एकम्
In simple words: How do you break down 'Siṃhādekam' into its original words? It breaks down into 'Siṃhāt' and 'ekam'.

Exam Tip: For Sandhivicched (dissolving sandhis), identify the phonetic changes and apply the appropriate sandhi rules (e.g., Jashtva sandhi for 't' changing to 'd' before a vowel).

 

Question 2. 'कर्तुमिच्छति' एतस्य सन्धिविच्छेदः कः?
(a) कर्तु + मिच्छति
(b) कर्तुम् + इच्छति
(c) कर्तुं + इच्छति
(d) कर्तुम् + मिच्छति
Answer: (b) कर्तुम् + इच्छति
In simple words: How do you break down 'Kartumicchati' into its original words? It breaks down into 'Kartum' and 'icchati'.

Exam Tip: Pay attention to the rules of Anusvāra sandhi, where 'm' can change before certain consonants or vowels.

 

Question 3. 'प्रातरूत्थानम्' एतस्य सन्धिविच्छेदः कः?
(a) प्रात + रूत्थानम्
(b) प्रातर् + रूत्थानम्
(c) प्रातः + उत्थानम्
(d) प्राते + उत्थानम्
Answer: (c) प्रातः + उत्थानम्
In simple words: How do you break down 'Prataruutthaanam' into its original words? It breaks down into 'Praatah' and 'utthaanam'.

Exam Tip: Recognize Visarga sandhi rules, where a Visarga (ः) can change to 'r' or be dropped, affecting the following word.

Join The Sandhis.

 

Question 1. 'कुक्कुटात् + अपि' इत्यस्य सन्धियुक्तः शब्दः कः?
(a) कुक्कुटादपि
(b) कुक्कुटातपि
(c) कुक्कुटपि
(d) कुक्कुटापि
Answer: (a) कुक्कुटादपि
In simple words: How do you join 'Kukkuṭāt' and 'api'? The combined word is 'Kukkuṭādapi'.

Exam Tip: When joining sandhis, apply rules for 't' transforming to 'd' when followed by a vowel or soft consonant, as seen here (Jashtva sandhi).

 

Question 2. 'शूरः + च' इत्यस्य सन्धियुक्तः शब्दः कः?
(a) शूरच
(b) शूरश्च
(c) शूरष्च
(d) शूरस्च
Answer: (b) शूरश्च
In simple words: How do you join 'Shoorah' and 'cha'? The combined word is 'Shoorascha'.

Exam Tip: Understand the rules of Visarga sandhi where 'ḥ' can change to 'ś' before 'ch' or 'chh'.

 

Question 3. 'स्त्रियम् + आपद्गताम्' इत्यस्य सन्धियुक्तः शब्दः कः?
(a) स्त्रियमापद्गताम्
(b) स्त्रियमपद्गतम्
(c) स्त्रियमापतातम्
(d) स्त्रियापद्गतम्
Answer: (a) स्त्रियमापद्गताम्
In simple words: How do you join 'Striyam' and 'āpadgatām'? The combined word is 'Striyamāpadgatām'.

Exam Tip: Practice joining words where the 'm' at the end of a word changes or merges with the following vowel (Anusvāra sandhi).

अजेयः स भविष्यति Introduction:

We often believe that human beings are superior to animals and birds. We may or may not truly be better than them, but we can certainly get some lessons from each one. Chanakya created a list of things that people should learn from what he calls 'lower species'.

This lesson comes from ' नीतिसार:' written by Chanakya and offers excellent food for thought. We often complain about being bored. However, birds and animals are never bored. They live quite happily once their basic requirements are met. They do not search for cheap thrills like we do.

अजेयः स भविष्यति Prose, Translation And Glossary

सिंहादेकं बकादेकं षट् शुनः त्रीणि गर्दभात्। वायसात्पञ्च शिक्षेच्च चत्वारि कुक्कुटादपि ॥1

Prose-order : (मनुष्यः) सिंहात् एकम्, बकात् एकम्, शुनः षट्, गर्दभात् त्रीणि, वायसात् च पञ्च, कुक्कुटात् अपि (च) चत्वारि (गुणानि) शिक्षेत्।

Translation: A person should learn one thing from a lion, one from a crane, six from the dog, three from the donkey, five from the crow, and four things from the cock also.

Note : This verse should be understood as an introduction to what comes next. It sparks curiosity about the specific things that we, humans who consider ourselves superior to all other animals, should learn from creatures like the lion and crane.

Glossary : सिंहात् – from the lion, बकात् – from the crane, शुनः – from the dog; श्वन् (masculine irregular noun ending in न्) ablative-genitive singular, गर्दभात् – from the donkey, त्रीणि – three, कुक्कुटात् – from a cock, शिक्षेत् – one should learn, verb of the subject 'मनुष्यः' which is understood शिक्ष (1A) potential mood (लिङ् लकार) third person singular form is शिक्षेत।

प्रभूतमल्पकार्यं वा यो नरः कर्तुमिच्छति। सर्वारम्भेन तत्कुर्यात् सिंहादेकं प्रकीर्तितम् ॥2॥

Prose-order : यः नरः प्रभूतम् अल्पकार्यम् वा कर्तुम् इच्छति, सर्वारम्भेण तत्कुर्यात्। सिंहात् एकम् प्रकीर्तितम्।

Translation: A person who wants to do a small or large task should accomplish it with full dedication (wholeheartedly). This is said to be the quality (that one should learn) from the lion.

Note : Observe how a lion hunts an animal. It does so with full concentration, focusing entirely as if it is the only thing worth doing.

Glossary : प्रभूतम् – a lot, adjective of the noun 'कार्यम्', अल्पकार्यम् – अल्पम् कार्यम् a little or small work, अल्पम् is the antonym of प्रभूतम्, कर्तुम् इच्छति – desires to do, verb of the subject 'नरः', सर्वारम्भेण – with all out effort, तत्कुयात् - तत् (कार्यम्) कुर्यात् (he) should do it, verb of the subject 'नरः', प्रकीर्तितम् – is said; प्र कृत् (100) past passive participle (कर्मणि भूतकृदन्त), neuter nominaitive accusative singular masculine accusative singular.

सर्वेन्द्रियाणि संयम्य बकवत् पण्डितः जनः कालदेशोपपन्नानि सर्वकार्याणि साधयेत्॥

Prose-order : सर्वेन्द्रियाणि संयम्य बकवत् पण्डितः जनः कालदेशोपपन्नानि सर्वकार्याणि साधयेत्।

Translation: A wise person should achieve all the tasks that come their way according to time and place, by restraining their senses like a crane.

Note : The word पतित: in the text is wrong. It should be पण्डितः. Observe a crane standing in the middle of a stream. It stands so still with half-closed eyes that fish think it is asleep. But as soon as a fish enters the crane's range, it is caught quickly. The control of senses is a valuable lesson. We are expected to do a particular task that is appropriate for the place and time, i.e., under specific circumstances.

Glossary : सर्वेन्द्रियाणि – सर्वाणि इन्द्रियाणि – कर्मधारय समास, all sense organs, object of the gerund 'संयम्य' so in the accusative case here, संयम्य – having controlled, बकवत् – like a crane, पण्डितः जनः – a wise man, कालदेशोपपन्नानि – fell to one's share because of time and place, right for time and place.

प्राप्तशी स्वल्पसंतुष्टः सुनिद्रः शीघ्रचेतनः। प्रभुभक्तश्च शूरश्च ज्ञातव्याः श्वगुणाः हि षट्।।4||

Prose-order : प्राप्ताशी, स्वल्पसंतुष्टः, सुनिद्रः, शीघ्रचेतनः, प्रभुभक्तः च शूरः च (एते) हि पद भ्वगुणाः ज्ञातव्याः।

Translation: Indeed, these six qualities of a dog should be known. It eats whatever it gets. It is satisfied with very little. It sleeps easily and wakes up quickly. It is devoted to its master and is brave.

Glossary : प्राप्ताशी – प्राप्तम् अश्नाति इति – उपपद तत्पुरुष समास, one who eats what is obtained (available), स्वल्पसंतुष्टः – स्वल्पेन संतुष्टः – तृतीया तत्पुरुष समास pleased by very little, सुनिद्रः – शोभना निद्रा यस्य सः – प्रादि बहुव्रीहि समास, one who sleeps well, शीघ्रचेतनः – who wakes up quickly, प्रभुभक्तः – devoted to master, ज्ञातव्याः – should be known, श्वगुणाः – शुनः गुणाः – षष्ठी तत्पुरुष समास qualities of a dog.

अविश्रामं वहेद् भारं शीतोष्णं च न विन्दति। ससन्तोषस्तथा नित्यं त्रीणि शिक्षेत गर्दभात्॥5॥

Prose-order : (गर्दभः) अविश्रामम् भारम् वहेत्, शीतोष्णम् च न विन्दति, तथा नित्यम् ससन्तोष (तिष्ठति)। गर्दभात् (एतानि) त्रीणि (लक्षणानि) शिक्षेत्

Translation: A donkey will carry its load without getting tired. It does not mind about heat or cold. Similarly, it is always content. These three qualities one should learn from a donkey.

Note: Read 'Tribute to a dog' by George Graham Vest at www.historyplace.com/speeches/vest.htm.

Glossary : अविश्रामम् - न विश्रामः यस्मिन् कर्मणि यथा स्यात् तथा – अव्ययीभाव समास tirelessly, भारम् वहेत् – carries the burden, शीतोष्णम् शीतम् च उष्णम् च एतयोः समाहारः – समाहार द्वंद्व समास, cold and heat, न विन्दति – does not get, does not take note of, ससन्तोषः – सन्तोषेण सहितः – सहबहुव्रीहि contented, शिक्षेत – (one) should learn.

गूढगार्हस्थ्यचातुर्ये काले चालयसंग्रहम्। अप्रमादमनालस्यं पञ्च शिक्षेत वायसात्॥6॥

Prose-order : गूढगार्हस्थ्यचातुर्यम्, काले च आलयसंग्रहम्, अप्रमादम्, अनालस्यम्-(एतानि) पञ्च) (लक्षणानि) वायसात् शिक्षेत।

Translation: Cleverness, (maintaining) secrecy of family life, building a nest at the proper time, alertness, and absence of laziness—these five qualities one should learn from a crow.

Glossary : गूढगार्हस्थ्य चातुर्यम् – cleverness, (maintaining) the secrecy of family life – गार्हस्थ्यम् – गृहस्थस्य इदम् of the householder, काले – योग्य काले at the right time, आलयसंग्रहम् – आलयस्य संग्रहः, तम् – षष्ठी तत्पुरुष; building a nest, अप्रमादम् – alertness, अनालस्यम् – न आलस्यम् – नञ् तत्पुरुष समास absence of laziness.