GSEB Class 9 Sanskrit Solutions Chapter 15 सुदुर्लभा सर्वमनोरमा वाणी

Choose Suitable Answers From Following Alternatives.

Question 1. कस्मैचित् विरलाय जनाय क: रस: रोचते?
(क) हास्यरसः
(ख) करुणरसः
(ग) वीभत्सरसः
(घ) शृङ्गाररसः
Answer: (ग) वीभत्सरसः
In simple words: कुछ विरले लोगों को वीभत्सरस पसंद आता है।

Exam Tip: Pay close attention to the specific type of person mentioned in the question, as different 'rasas' (emotions/tastes) appeal to different personalities.

Question 2. आर्षेण संस्कारेण संस्कृताय जनाय कीदृशी वाणी रोचते?
(क) कर्कशा
(ख) ऋज्वी
(ग) कुटिला
(घ) स्पष्टा
Answer: (ख) ऋज्वी
In simple words: जिन्हें ऋषियों के संस्कारों से संवारा गया है, ऐसे व्यक्तियों को सरल और सीधी वाणी अच्छी लगती है।

Exam Tip: Remember that 'आर्षेण संस्कारेण संस्कृताय' refers to a refined person, so they would prefer soft and straightforward speech, not harsh or crooked words.

Question 3. परस्य दुर्गुणानुवादः कस्मै रोचते?
(क) ईर्ष्याग्रस्ताय
(ख) दयाग्रस्ताय
(ग) मानग्रस्ताय
(घ) अपमानग्रस्ताय
Answer: (क) ईर्ष्याग्रस्ताय
In simple words: दूसरों की बुराई ईर्ष्यालु व्यक्ति को ही पसंद आती है।

Exam Tip: Understanding the meaning of 'ईर्ष्याग्रस्ताय' (envious) is key to selecting the correct option here.

Question 4. स्नेहपूर्णामपि वाणी के भावियितुं न पारयन्ति?
(क) मन्दाः
(ख) पण्डिताः
(ग) साधवः
(घ) नीतिज्ञा:
Answer: (क) मन्दाः
In simple words: मंदबुद्धि वाले लोग प्यार भरी वाणी को भी समझ नहीं पाते।

Exam Tip: Identify the type of person who struggles to grasp the essence of affectionate speech, linking 'भावियितुं न पारयन्ति' with 'मन्दाः'.

Write Answers In One Sentence Into Sanskrit.

Question 1. कर्कशा वाणी कः कस्मै वदति?
Answer: यः जडः दुर्व्यसनरतः अलसः च सेवकः भवति, तस्मै तस्य अधिपः प्रायः कर्कशाः वाणी वदति।
In simple words: जो सेवक जड़, बुरे व्यसनों में लिप्त और आलसी होता है, उसका मालिक उसे प्रायः कठोर वाणी में बोलता है।

Exam Tip: For single-sentence answers, make sure to include both 'who' (कः) and 'to whom' (कस्मै) as requested by the question.

Question 2. ईर्ष्याग्रस्ताय स्वस्य किं रोचते?
Answer: ईर्ष्याग्रस्ताय स्वस्य गुणानुवादः रोचते।
In simple words: ईर्ष्यालु व्यक्ति को अपनी ही प्रशंसा अच्छी लगती है।

Exam Tip: Focus on the selfish nature of an envious person, who primarily enjoys praise for themselves.

Question 3. के हितमपि अनुशासनं न सहन्ते?
Answer: केचन असूयकाः हितमपि अनुशासनं न सहन्ते।
In simple words: कुछ ईर्ष्यालु लोग लाभकारी अनुशासन को भी सहन नहीं कर पाते।

Exam Tip: The key term here is 'असूयकाः' (envious/malicious), as such individuals resist even good advice.

Question 4. सभायां कीदृशं वक्तव्यम्?
Answer: सभायां समञ्जसं वक्तव्यम्।
In simple words: सभा में उचित और तर्कसंगत बात कहनी चाहिए।

Exam Tip: 'समञ्जसं' (appropriate/sensible) is the crucial word, highlighting the need for thoughtful speech in an assembly.

Question 5. जनान् आनन्दयितुं कीदृशी वाणी प्रयोक्तव्या?
Answer: जनान् आनन्दयितु संस्कृता वाणी एव सतत प्रयोक्तव्या।
In simple words: लोगों को प्रसन्न करने के लिए हमेशा सुसंस्कृत (परिष्कृत) वाणी का ही उपयोग करना चाहिए।

Exam Tip: Emphasize 'संस्कृता वाणी' (cultured speech) as the means to please people, showing a grasp of the text's message.

Change The Following Sentences Into ह्यस्तनभूतकाल.

Question 1. Change the following sentences into ह्यस्तनभूतकाल.
1. रोचते – अरोचत
2. अर्हति – आर्हत्
3. सहन्ते – असहन्त
4. पारयन्ति – अपारयन्
Answer:
1. रोचते – अरोचत
2. अर्हति – आर्हत्
3. सहन्ते – असहन्त
4. पारयन्ति – अपारयन्
In simple words: यहां दिए गए वर्तमान काल के क्रियापदों को बीते हुए कल के भूतकाल (लङ् लकार) में बदला गया है, जैसे 'पसंद आता है' से 'पसंद आया'।

Exam Tip: Practice conjugating verbs in different tenses (lakaras), especially the present tense (laṭ lakara) to the past tense (laṅ lakara), by remembering prefixes and suffixes.

Write The Types Of Compound.

Question 1. Write the types of compound for the following words.
1. हास्यरसः – हास्यस्य रसः – षष्ठी तत्पुरुष
2. दुर्व्यसनरतः – दुर्व्यसनेषु रतः – सप्तमी तत्पुरुष
3. सुरुचिपूर्णः – सुरुच्या पूर्णः – तृतीया तत्पुरुष
4. गुणानुवादः – गुणानाम् अनुवादः – षष्ठी तत्पुरुष
5. सर्वमनोरमा – सर्वेभ्यः मनोरमा – चतुर्थी तत्पुरुष मनः रमयति इति मनोरमा – उपपद तत्पुरुष
Answer:
1. हास्यरसः – हास्यस्य रसः – षष्ठी तत्पुरुष
2. दुर्व्यसनरतः – दुर्व्यसनेषु रतः – सप्तमी तत्पुरुष
3. सुरुचिपूर्णः – सुरुच्या पूर्णः – तृतीया तत्पुरुष
4. गुणानुवादः – गुणानाम् अनुवादः – षष्ठी तत्पुरुष
5. सर्वमनोरमा – सर्वेभ्यः मनोरमा – चतुर्थी तत्पुरुष मनः रमयति इति मनोरमा – उपपद तत्पुरुष
In simple words: इन संस्कृत शब्दों में कौन सा समास है, यह बताया गया है। जैसे, 'हास्यरस' का मतलब है 'हास्य का रस', इसलिए यह षष्ठी तत्पुरुष समास है।

Exam Tip: To identify compound types, try to break down the compound word into its constituent parts and understand the relationship between them, which will indicate the 'vibhakti' (case ending) and hence the 'tatpurusha' type.

Fill Blanks By Word Form.

Question 1. Fill blanks by word form.
6. वचनानुसारं धातुरूपैः रिक्तस्थानानि पूरयत Fill blanks by root verb according to number.
Answer:

Exam Tip: Learn the declension patterns for different noun types (शब्दरूप) and conjugation patterns for verbs (धातुरूप) according to number (वचन) and person, as these are fundamental to Sanskrit grammar.

Construct Complete Sentences By Using Given Words.

Question 1. That thing which one likes (यत् वस्तु एक रुच)
Answer: सद् वस्तु एकस्मै रोचते।
In simple words: अच्छी चीज़ एक ही व्यक्ति को पसंद आती है।

Exam Tip: Use the given words correctly to form a grammatically sound Sanskrit sentence, making sure the case endings and verb forms match.

Question 2. People have different likings. (जन भिन्ना रुचि भू)
Answer: नानां भिन्नाः रुचयः भवन्ति।
In simple words: लोगों की अलग-अलग रुचियां होती हैं।

Exam Tip: Ensure that the noun 'रुचि' (liking) is used in its plural form 'रुचयः' and that the adjective 'भिन्नाः' (different) also agrees in number.

Question 3. Even Subhashita cannot please. (सुभाषित अपि न संतोषय)
Answer: सुभाषितम् अपि न सन्तोषयति।
In simple words: सुभाषित भी प्रसन्न नहीं करता।

Exam Tip: Remember to use the correct verb form for 'संतोषयति' (pleases) and the conjunction 'अपि' (even) correctly.

Question 4. Some people are envious (केचन जन असूयक भू)
Answer: केचन जनाः असूयकाः भवन्ति।
In simple words: कुछ लोग ईर्ष्यालु होते हैं।

Exam Tip: Pay attention to the plural forms 'जनाः' (people) and 'असूयकाः' (envious ones) to ensure grammatical agreement.

Question 5. People are not genius (जन विचक्षण न भू
Answer: जनाः विचक्षणाः न भवन्ति।
In simple words: लोग बुद्धिमान नहीं होते।

Exam Tip: Correctly use the negative particle 'न' (not) before the verb and ensure 'विचक्षणाः' (wise/genius) agrees with 'जनाः' (people) in number.

Write Answer In Mother Tongue.

Question 1. How can you say that the world is full of people with multiple likings?
Answer: In this world, what one person likes, another does not prefer. There is a saying that one person's pudding is another person's poison. Everyone has a different taste. Even children born into the same family often have distinct preferences. If this is true for family members, what to say about people born in different families and living in varied situations? Children with the same parents often have differing tastes. This clearly shows that the world is filled with individuals having multiple likings.
In simple words: हर व्यक्ति की पसंद अलग होती है। एक ही परिवार में जन्मे बच्चों की पसंद भी अलग होती है, तो अलग-अलग परिवारों में जन्मे लोगों की पसंद में अंतर होना स्वाभाविक है।

Exam Tip: Provide clear examples from everyday life, such as tastes within a family, to illustrate the concept of diverse preferences in the world.

Question 2. Who likes soft and simple words?
Answer: A person who has been shaped by the influence of ancient sages (through their literature and teachings) typically enjoys soft and simple words.
In simple words: प्राचीन ऋषियों के ज्ञान से प्रभावित व्यक्ति को सरल और मृदु वाणी पसंद आती है।

Exam Tip: Connect the preference for soft and simple words with 'ancient sages' (आर्षेण संस्कारेण संस्कृताय) to show a deeper understanding of the text.

Question 3. What does the envious person like? Whose?
Answer: The envious person enjoys hearing about their own good qualities and, at the same time, the negative aspects of others. They find satisfaction in both self-praise and criticism of others.
In simple words: ईर्ष्यालु व्यक्ति को अपनी प्रशंसा और दूसरों की बुराई सुनना अच्छा लगता है।

Exam Tip: Clearly state both aspects of an envious person's preference: their own virtues and the faults of others.

Question 4. How should one speak in the assembly?
Answer: According to the great sage Manu, one should always speak thoughtfully and appropriately in an assembly. A person who either remains silent when they should speak or speaks inappropriately becomes sinful.
In simple words: सभा में हमेशा सही और उचित बात बोलनी चाहिए। अगर कोई चुप रहता है या गलत बोलता है, तो वह पापी होता है।

Exam Tip: Mention Sage Manu and highlight the importance of speaking appropriately (समञ्जसं) and avoiding silence or adverse speech in a public gathering.

Question 5. Who cannot feel a loving speech?
Answer: A dull-witted or unknowledgeable person is typically unable to truly appreciate or comprehend a loving speech. Their lack of understanding prevents them from grasping its affection.
In simple words: मंदबुद्धि या अज्ञानी व्यक्ति प्यार भरी बातों को महसूस या समझ नहीं पाता।

Exam Tip: Identify the characteristics (dull or ignorant) of individuals who lack the capacity to understand and value affectionate words.

GSEB Class 9 Sanskrit सुदुर्लभा सर्वमनोरमा वाणी Additional Important Questions And Answers

Read The Following Passage And Write Answers In Sanskrit.

लोके यद्वस्तु एकस्मै रोचते, तदन्यस्मै न रोचते इत्यतः विचित्ररुचिरयं संसारः। एकस्मिन् परिवारे जाताना सामानाचार- विचाराणां जनानामपि भिन्ना भिन्ना रुचिर्भवति, किम्पुनः विभिन्नेषु परिवारेषु उत्पन्नानां जनानां वार्ता? समान-पितृकेषु पुत्रेषु कश्चित् मधुरं रोचयते, कश्चित् लवणं कश्चित् चाम्लं रसमिति। एवं हि कश्चित् काव्यं रसयति, कश्चित् नाट्यं, कश्चित् शिल्पं, कश्चित् च गणितम्। एवमेव कस्मैचित् श्रृंगारः प्रियो भवति, कस्मैचित् वीरः, कस्मैचित् करुणः, कस्मैचित् च हास्यरसः। विरलाय कस्मैचित् जनाय बीभत्सरसोऽपि रोचति इति नानात्वं रुचीनां व्यवस्थितं भवति।

Question 1. विचित्ररुचिः अयं संसारः इति कथम्?
Answer: लोके यद्वस्तु एकस्मै रोचते, तद् अन्यस्मै न रोचते इत्यतः अयं संसारः विचित्ररुचिः वर्तते।
In simple words: संसार की पसंद अनोखी है क्योंकि एक व्यक्ति को जो चीज़ अच्छी लगती है, वह दूसरे को पसंद नहीं आती।

Exam Tip: Extract the direct reason from the passage that explains why the world has diverse preferences.

Question 2. समानपितृकेषु पुत्रेषु किं वैविध्यं भवति ?
Answer: समानपितृकेषु पुत्रेषु कश्चिचत् मधुरं, कश्चित् लवणं कश्चिचत् चाम्लं रोचते।
In simple words: एक ही माता-पिता के बच्चों में कोई मीठा, कोई नमकीन, और कोई खट्टा पसंद करता है।

Exam Tip: From the passage, pinpoint the specific examples of differences in taste even among children of the same parents.

Question 3. 'कश्चित् काव्यं रसयति' इत्यस्मिन् रुच् धातो प्रयोगः करणीयः।
Answer: कस्मैचित् काव्यं रोचते।
In simple words: यह वाक्य दिखाता है कि किसी को कविता पसंद आती है, जिसमें 'रुच्' धातु का प्रयोग 'रोचते' के रूप में हुआ है।

Exam Tip: Understand how the root verb 'रुच्' (to like) is used in Sanskrit constructions, often requiring the dative case for the person who likes something.

Question 4. रुचीनां नानात्वं व्यवस्थितं कथं भवति?
Answer: कस्मैचित् शृङ्गारः, कस्मैचित् वीरः, कस्मैचित् करुणः, कस्मैचित् च हास्यरसः प्रियो भवति। विरलाय कस्मैचित् जनाय वीभत्सरसोऽपि रोचते इति नानात्वं रुचीनां व्यवस्थितं भवति।
In simple words: रुचियों की विविधता इस प्रकार व्यवस्थित है कि किसी को श्रृंगार रस, किसी को वीर रस, किसी को करुण रस और किसी को हास्य रस पसंद आता है। कभी-कभी विरले लोगों को वीभत्स रस भी अच्छा लगता है।

Exam Tip: Summarize the various 'rasas' (emotions/tastes) mentioned in the passage and how their diverse appeal establishes the variety of human preferences.

Correct Underlined Word And Write The Sentences.

Question 1. रेखांकितपदानि शुद्धानि कृत्वा वाक्यानि पुनः लिखत - Correct underlined word and write the sentences.
यः खलु ईर्ष्याग्रस्तो भवति तस्मै परस्य दुर्गणानवाद: रोचते स्वस्य च गुणानुवादः। यः खलु सज्जनो भवति तस्मै परापवादः कथमपि न रोचते। केचन असूयकाः भसन्ति ते हितमपि अनुशासनम् न सहन्ते। तथैव सर्वाङ्ग सुन्दरं सरसं सुभाषितमपि न संतोषयति अल्पज्ञान्।
Answer: यः खलु ईर्ष्याग्रस्तो भवति तस्मै परस्य दुर्गुणानुवादः रोचते स्वस्य च गुणानुवादः। यः खलु सज्जनो भवति तस्मै परापवादः कथमपि न रोचते। केचन् असूयकाः भवन्ति ते हितमपि अनुशासनं न सहन्ते। तथैव सर्वांग सुन्दर सरसमपि सुभाषितमपि न सन्तोषयति अल्पज्ञान्।
In simple words: यहाँ दिए गए वाक्य में कुछ गलतियाँ थीं, जिन्हें सुधार कर सही वाक्य लिखा गया है। उदाहरण के लिए, 'भसन्ति' को 'भवन्ति' किया गया, और 'सर्वाङ्ग' को 'सर्वांग' किया गया है।

Exam Tip: Carefully identify and correct grammatical errors in verb forms (like 'भसन्ति' to 'भवन्ति') and spelling (like 'सर्वाङ्ग' to 'सर्वांग') to produce accurate sentences.

Write Answers Of The Given Questions Into Sanskrit.

Question 1. सर्वेभ्यः जनेभ्यः कः रसः रोचते?
(क) करुणरस
(ख) वीभत्सरसः
(ग) वीररसः
(घ) हास्यरसः
Answer: (घ) हास्यरसः
In simple words: हास्यरस सभी लोगों को अच्छा लगता है।

Exam Tip: Consider which 'rasa' has universal appeal, indicating a common preference among all people.

Question 2. सर्वेभ्यः प्रणयिजनेभ्यः कः रसः रोचते?
(क) वीभत्सरसः
(ख) वीररसः
(ग) शृङ्गाररसः
(घ) करुणरस:
Answer: (ग) शृङ्गाररसः
In simple words: प्रेम करने वाले सभी लोगों को श्रृंगाररस पसंद आता है।

Exam Tip: Relate 'प्रणयिजनेभ्यः' (lovers) to the 'rasa' that is typically associated with love and romance.

Question 3. विभिन्नेभ्यः जनेभ्यः विभिन्नानि वस्तूनि रोचन्ते, अत: अयं संसारः कीदृशः?
(क) सर्वरुचिः
(ख) भिन्नरुचिः
(ग) विलक्षणः
(घ) विचित्ररुचिः
Answer: (घ) विचित्ररुचिः
In simple words: चूँकि अलग-अलग लोगों को अलग-अलग चीजें पसंद आती हैं, इसलिए यह संसार विविध रुचियों वाला है।

Exam Tip: The question describes diverse likings among different people, which directly translates to a world of 'विचित्ररुचिः' (diverse tastes).

Question 4. वीभत्सरस कस्मै रोचते?
(क) प्रेमिजनाय
(ख) वीरपुरुषाय
(ग) कस्मैचित् विरलाय
(घ) विचक्षणाय
Answer: (ग) कस्मैचित् विरलाय
In simple words: वीभत्सरस किसी विरले (दुर्लभ) व्यक्ति को ही पसंद आता है।

Exam Tip: Recall from the passage that 'वीभत्सरस' (the sentiment of disgust) appeals only to a very rare or unusual person.

Question 5. स्वस्य गुणानुवादः कस्मै रोचते?
(क) ईर्ष्याग्रस्ताय जनाय
(ख) मन्दाय
(ग) अज्ञाय
(घ) कर्कशाय जनाय
Answer: (क) ईर्ष्याग्रस्ताय जनाय
In simple words: अपनी ही प्रशंसा ईर्ष्यालु व्यक्ति को पसंद आती है।

Exam Tip: This question tests your knowledge of who values self-praise, pointing to the characteristic of an envious person.

Question 6. किम् अल्पज्ञान् संतोषयति?
(क) कुसङ्ग
(ख) सुन्दरं दृश्यम्
(ग) सुन्दरं सरसं सुभाषितम्
(घ) स्वगुणानुवादः
Answer: (ग) सुन्दरं सरसं सुभाषितम्
In simple words: सुंदर और सरल सुभाषित भी अल्पज्ञानियों को संतुष्ट नहीं करते।

Exam Tip: The question asks what satisfies 'अल्पज्ञान्' (those with little knowledge), and the text suggests that even good speech does not please them, implying that only 'सुभाषितम्' (good sayings) *should* satisfy, but they don't.

Question 7. कः नरः किल्विषी भवति?
(क) समञ्जस: नरः
(ख) असमञ्जसः नरः
(ग) अविवेकी
(घ) समञ्जसं वचनम् अब्रुवन विब्रुवन् वा नरः
Answer: (घ) समञ्जसं वचनम् अब्रुवन विब्रुवन् वा नरः
In simple words: जो व्यक्ति उचित बात नहीं कहता या गलत बात कहता है, वह पापी होता है।

Exam Tip: The text explicitly states that a person who remains silent or speaks adversely becomes sinful, which is reflected in option (घ).

Write Synonyms Of The Given Words.

Question 1. 'परिवारः' इति शब्दस्य पर्यायशब्द कः?
(क) कुटुम्बम्
(ख) सेवकादिसमुदायः
(ग) मित्रसमूहः
(घ) वेष्टनम्, आच्छदनम्
Answer: (ख) सेवकादिसमुदायः
In simple words: 'परिवारः' शब्द का पर्यायवाची 'सेवकादिसमुदायः' है, जिसका अर्थ है सेवकों आदि का समूह।

Exam Tip: Understand that in Sanskrit, 'परिवारः' can sometimes refer to the household dependents or servants, rather than just the immediate family.

Question 2. 'नानात्वम्' इति शब्दस्य पर्यायशब्द कः?
(क) वैविध्यम्
(ख) अल्पत्वम्
(ग) लघुत्वम्
(घ) विविधम्
Answer: (क) वैविध्यम्
In simple words: 'नानात्वम्' शब्द का मतलब 'अनेकता' है, जिसका पर्यायवाची 'वैविध्यम्' है।

Exam Tip: Recognize that 'नानात्वम्' refers to variety or diversity, and 'वैविध्यम्' is its closest synonym.

Question 3. 'अलसः' इति शब्दस्य पर्यायशब्दः कः?
(क) उद्यमः
(ख) उद्यमी
(ग) अनुद्यमः
(घ) प्रमादः
Answer: (ग) अनुद्यमः
In simple words: 'अलसः' का अर्थ 'आलसी' है, और इसका पर्यायवाची 'अनुद्यमः' है, जिसका मतलब है जो उद्यम न करे।

Exam Tip: Look for a synonym that expresses the lack of effort or industry, which is the core meaning of 'अलसः'.

Question 4. 'सेवकः' इति शब्दस्य पर्यायशब्दः कः?
(क) भक्तः
(ख) सेवाव्रती
(ग) अकिञ्जनः
(घ) अनुचरः
Answer: (घ) अनुचरः
In simple words: 'सेवकः' शब्द का अर्थ है 'नौकर' या 'जो सेवा करे', और इसका पर्यायवाची 'अनुचरः' है।

Exam Tip: Identify the word that directly means 'follower' or 'attendant', which is a common synonym for 'servant'.

Question 5. 'तूष्णीम्' इति शब्दस्य पर्यायशब्दः कः?
(क) अनुक्त्वा एव
(ख) शान्त्या
(ग) मौनम्
(घ) मूकम्
Answer: (क) अनुक्त्वा एव
In simple words: 'तूष्णीम्' का अर्थ है 'चुपचाप' या 'कुछ न कहते हुए', जिसका पर्यायवाची 'अनुक्त्वा एव' है।

Exam Tip: Recognize that 'तूष्णीम्' is an indeclinable word (avyaya) meaning 'silently' or 'without speaking', and 'अनुक्त्वा एव' captures this meaning perfectly.

सुदुर्लभा सर्वमनोरमा वाणी Introduction:

Pandit Charudatta Shastri's essay serves as an example of what we can call contemporary Sanskrit prose. Both the subject matter and its treatment are modern. Our capacity to articulate, which means to express our thoughts and emotions through words, distinguishes us from other animals and positions us as superior to them. In conversations or public speaking, we communicate to convince others; therefore, adapting our style to the listeners is important. Can we establish some basic guidelines for this? This was the question on the writer's mind when he composed this essay. To speak or not to speak is a question we sometimes ask ourselves. Manu's guidance is for jurors, but it is also relevant when you are involved in any committee. As a mature person, you will certainly pose this question to yourself. If we have something to express, we should do so instead of passively sitting in our chairs, waiting for someone to offer us the microphone.

सुदुर्लभा सर्वमनोरमा वाणी Prose, Translation And Glossary

लोके यद्वस्तु एकस्मै रोचते, तदन्यस्मै न रोचते इत्यतः विचित्ररुचिरयं संसारः। एकस्मिन् परिवारे जातानां सामानाचारविचाराणां जनानामपि भिन्ना भिन्ना रुचिर्भवति, किम्पुनः विभिन्नेषु परिवारेषु उत्पन्नानां जनानां वार्ता? समान- पितृकेषु पुत्रेषु कश्चित् मधुरं रोचयते, कश्चित् लवणं कश्चित् चाम्लं रसमिति। एवं हि कश्चित् काव्यं रसयति, कश्चित् नाट्यं, कश्चित् शिल्पं, कश्चित् च गणितम्। एवमेव कस्मैचित् श्रृंगारः प्रियो भवति, कस्मैचित् वीरः, कस्मैचित् करुणः, कस्मैचित् च हास्यरसः। विरलाय कस्मैचित् जनाय बीभत्सरसोऽपि रोचति इति नानात्वं रुचीनां व्यवस्थितं भवति।
Translation: In this world, what one person likes is not preferred by another; thus, this world is full of varied tastes. Individuals born in the same family, sharing similar manners and beliefs, also possess different tastes. What, then, can be said about those born in diverse families? Among children with the same parents, one likes sweet things, another salty, and a third sour. Similarly, one person enjoys poetry, another drama, another sculpture, and yet another mathematics. In the same way, someone finds Shringar (erotic) appealing, some heroism, some pathos, and some comic or humorous literature. A very rare individual also enjoys the sentiment of disgust. This is how the diversity of likings is established.
एवं सति, एका एव वाणी सर्वस्य मानसं संतोषयितुं नार्हति। यः खलु आर्षेण संस्कारेण संस्कृतो भवति, तस्मै मृद्वी ऋज्वी च वाणी रोचते, न तु कर्कशा कुटिला वा। अतः एतैः सह वार्तावसरे एतादृशी वाणी एवं उचिता भवति। परंतु यः जडः दुर्व्यसनरतः अलसः च सेवकः भवति, तस्मै तस्याधिपः प्रायः कर्कशाः वाणी वदति, कार्ये च संयोजयति, स्वकीयं प्रयोजनं च संपादयति।
Translation: Given this situation, no single type of speech can please everyone's mind. A person who is shaped by the influence of sages likes gentle and straightforward speech, not harsh or crooked words. Therefore, when conversing with such individuals, this kind of speech is appropriate. However, when a servant is dull, addicted to bad habits, and lazy, their master usually uses harsh words and involves them in work to achieve their own objectives.
यः खलु ईर्ष्याग्रस्तो भवति तस्मै परस्य दुर्गणानुवादः रोचते स्वस्य च गुणानुवादः। यः खलु सज्जनो भवति तस्मै परापवादः कथमपि न रोचते। केचन असूयका भवन्ति ते हितमपि अनुशासनम् न सहन्ते। तथैव सर्वाङ्ग सुन्दरं सरसं सुभाषितमपि न संतोषयति अल्पज्ञान्।
Translation: An envious person genuinely likes hearing about the bad qualities of others and a description of their own virtues. A truly good person does not enjoy speaking ill of others in any way. Some malicious people cannot tolerate even beneficial instruction. Similarly, even a beautiful and interesting Subhashita, from all perspectives, does not please individuals with limited knowledge.
यदि, सर्वस्य मनोरमा वाणी न शक्यते वक्तुम, तदा सभामध्ये संगत्य, समितौ समुपस्थाय किं तूष्णीं स्थेयम् वा मिथ्या आख्येयम् इति प्रश्नः। अत्रोत्तरं ददाति महाराजः मनुः –
Translation: If it is impossible to speak in a way that pleases everyone, the question then arises: should one remain silent in an assembly or make a false statement? To this, King Manu provides an answer:
सभा वा न प्रवेष्टव्या वक्तव्यं वा समञ्जसम्। अब्रुवन् विब्रुवन् वापि नरो भवति किल्विषी।। इति।।
Translation: One should either not enter an assembly or speak appropriately. A person who either says nothing or speaks misleadingly becomes sinful.
एवं व्यवहारेऽपि प्रवृत्ता वाणी सर्वान् समानरूपेण न संतोषयति। वस्तुतः सुदुर्लभा सर्वमनोरमा वाणी। सर्वेऽपि जनाः विचक्षणाः न भवन्ति। केचित् मन्दाः इति वा, केचित् अज्ञाः इति वा स्नेहपूर्णां वाणीमपि भावयितुं न पारयन्ति। एतादृशान् जनान् दृष्टवा किं व्यवहारे वाणीप्रर्याणः परित्यक्तव्यः? न हि न हि। मृगाः सन्तीति यवाः नोप्यन्ते? उप्यन्ते एव। भिक्षुकाः सन्तीति स्थाल्यो नाधिश्रियन्ते? अधिश्रियन्ते एव। अतः स्वकीयेन सुरुचिपूर्णेन व्यवहारेण जनान् आनन्दयितुं संस्कृता वाणी एव सततं प्रयोक्तव्या।
Translation: Thus, even in practical life, spoken words do not please everyone equally. In reality, truly pleasant speech is very rare. Not all people are discerning; some are dull, others are ignorant, and they cannot even grasp affectionate speech. Seeing such individuals, should one abandon the use of speech in practice? No, certainly not. Are barley grains not sown because there are deer? They are indeed sown. Are vessels not placed on the stove because there are beggars? They are certainly placed. Therefore, to delight people, only refined speech, along with one's own well-mannered conduct, should always be used.

Glossary:

यद्वस्तु – यत् + वस्तु – the thing that, एकस्मै रोचते- one likes, is dear to one, when the root रुच् (1A) is used the person who likes is in the dative case; e.g., कस्मै स्तुतिः न रोचते? यदेव रोचते यस्मै, भवेत् तत्तस्य सुन्दरम्, श्रीगणेशाय मोदकाः रोचन्ते। the thing that one likes (स्तुतिः, यद्, मोदकाः) is in the nominative case and the verb agrees with it, तदन्यस्मै – तत् + अन्यस्मै – that for the other, इत्यतः – इति + अतः therefore, विचित्ररुचिरयम् – विचित्ररुचिः + अयम् this (world) is (full of people) having variety of tastes, विचित्ररुचिः – विचित्राः रुचिः यस्य सः – बहुव्रीहि, adjective of the noun, संसार एकस्मिन् परिवारे – is one family, जातानाम् – of those who are born. समानाचारविचाराणाम् जनानाम् – of the people of similar manners and thoughts, भिन्ना-भिन्ना रुचिः – different types of taste, किम् . पुन: – how much more, विभिन्नेषु परिवारेषु उत्पन्नानाम् – of those born in different types of families, समानपितृकेषु पुत्रेषु – among the sons of the same father, कश्चित् मधुरम् रोचयते – someone likes sweet, रुच् (1A) causal present (प्रेरक लट् लकार), third person singular, लवणम् – salty, चाम्लम् – च + आम्लम् and sour, एवम् हि – indeed in the same way, काव्यम् रसयति – likes poetry; रस् (10P) present tense (लट् लकार), third person singular, शिल्पम् – sculpture, कस्मैचित् – to someone, किम् .. + चित् (indefinite pronoun) masculine or neuter dative singular, विरलाय कस्मैचित् जनाय – to some rare person, बीभत्सरसोऽपि – बीभत्सरसः + अपि, even the disgusting/loathsome sentiment, नानात्वम् – variety, व्यवस्थितम् भवति – is established. एवम् सति – this being the case. This is locative absolute construction. The सति सप्तमी can be removed thus : यदा एवं क्रियते तदा।' एका वाणी one speech, संतोषयितुम् न अर्हति – cannot please (all), आर्षेण संस्कारेण – by the influence of the sages, संस्कृतः भवति – is moulded or influenced, मृद्वी ऋज्वी च (वाणी)- soft and straight मृद्धी is the feminine form of the adjective मृदु', ऋज्वी is the eminine form of the adjective 'ऋजु'. Both, मृद्धी and ऋज्वी are the adjectives of'वाणी' (F), कर्कशा – harsh, shrill, कुटिला – crooked, cunning, एतैः सह – with these, वार्तावसरे- वार्ताथाः अवसरः, तस्मिन् – षष्ठी तत्पुरुष at the time of talking, एतादृशी – like this adjective of'वाणी', उचिता – proper, suitable, जडः – dull, दुर्व्यसने रतः – सप्तमी तत्पुरुष engrossed in bad practice or evil habit, अलसः – lazy, adjective of the noun सेवकः', तस्याधिपः – तस्य + अधिपः, his master or superior, प्रायः – generally, mostly. This is an indeclinable, संयोजयति – engages सम् + युज् (10P) present tense (लट् लकार) third person singular, स्वकीयम् प्रयोजनम् संपादयति – gets (his) own work done or purpose served, संपादयति – gets (his) own work done or purpose served, संपादयति – सम् पद् (4A) causal present tense (प्रेरक लट् लकार) third person singular; the verb of'तस्य' अधिप: (his master). ईयाग्रस्तः – ईय॑या ग्रस्तः – तृतीया तत्पुरुष, jealous, दुर्गुणानुवादः - दुष्टाः गुणाः दुर्गुणाः – प्रादि तत्पुरुष समास, दुर्गुणानाम् अनुवादः – षष्ठी तत्पुरुष समास, description of bad qualities, परापवादः – परस्य अपवादः – षष्ठी तत्पुरुष समास criticism of others, असूयकाः – jealous, हितमपि – हितम् + अपि, even good, beneficial, सर्वाङ्गम् – in all respects, सुन्दरम् सरसम् सुभाषितम् अपि – even the beautiful, interesting good speech, अल्पज्ञान् – अल्पम् जानन्ति इति तान् – उपपद तत्पुरुष the persons with little knowledge, ignorant. मनोरमा – pleasing to the mind, adjective of 'वाणी' न शक्यते वक्तुम् – not possible to speak, सभामध्ये – सभायाः मध्यम्, तस्मिन् – षष्ठी तत्पुरुष in the assembly, संगत्य – meeting participating, सम् + गम् (1P) ल्यबन्त (संबंधक भूतकृदन्त) gerund, तूष्णीम् स्थ्येम् – impersonal voice (भावे प्रयोग) वयम् तूष्णीम् तिष्ठेम् active voice, मिथ्या आख्येयम् – we should say in vain आ । ख्या (2P) potential passive participle (विध्यर्थ कर्मणि कृदन्त) neuter nominative & accusative singular, अत्रोत्तरम् – अत्र + उत्तरम, here the answer, ददाति – gives, verb of the subject 'महाराजः मनुः'। Prose-order of the verse : सभा वा न प्रवेष्टव्या, समञ्जसम् वा वक्तव्यम्, अबुवन् विब्रुवन् वा अपि नरः किल्विषी भवति। सभा न प्रवेष्टव्या – one should not enter a meeting/an assembly. This is one alternative, प्रवेष्टव्या – प्र + विश् (6P) potential passive participle (कर्मणि विध्यर्थककृदन्त) feminine nominative singular, adjective of the noun’सभाः', समञ्जसम् वक्तव्यम् – one should speak appropriately, अब्रुवन् – one who does not speak or is not speaking, farat – talking adversely or falsely, adjective of 'नरः', किल्विषी भवति – he becomes a sinner, commits a sin. किल्विषम् अस्ति अस्य सः किल्वषी; किल्विष (N) sin; किल्विषम् – किल्विषिन् (adjective ending in इन्) masculine nominative singular. व्यवहारे अपि – even in pratical/day-to-day life, प्रवृत्ता वाणी – speech that is used, वस्तुतः – actually, in fact. This is an indeclinable, विचक्षणा: – wise, learned, मन्दाः – dull-witted, अज्ञाः – ignorant, स्नेहपूर्णाम् – स्नेहेन पूर्णाः, ताम् – तृतीया तत्पुरुष, full of affection, adjective of the noun 'वाणीम्। भावयितुम् – to experience, न पारयन्ति – are not able, वाणीप्रयोगः – वाण्याः प्रयोगः – षष्ठी तत्पुरुष समास, use of speech, परित्यक्तव्यः – should be given up, मृगाः सन्तीति – मृगाः सन्ति इति (चिन्तयित्वा) thinking that there are animals O who will eat the crop), यवाः – Barley, नोप्यन्ते – न. उप्यन्ते are not sown are grown, उप्यन्ते – वप् (1P) passive present tense) (कर्मणि लट् लकार), third person plural, भिक्षुकाः सन्ति इति – because there are beggars, स्थाल्यः न अधिश्रियन्ते – the vessels are not put on stove, सुरुचिपूर्णेन व्यवहारेण – with the behaviour reflecting good (सु) taste (रुचि) संस्कृता, cultured, refined, adjective of speech ‘वाणी' प्रयोक्तव्या – should be used/employed.