GSEB Class 9 Gujarati Textbook Solutions Chapter 1 છપ્પા

Exercise

1. Select The Correct Option From The Given Alternatives Below The Question And Mark It With A Tick (V):

Question 1. What habit does a fool have?
(a) Starts believing every stone to be God.
(b) Plucks Tulsi leaves.
(c) Sits down to bathe wherever they see water.
(d) All of the options
Answer: (d) All of the options
In simple words: A foolish person has many odd habits, including worshiping every stone as a god, plucking Tulsi leaves, and bathing whenever they see water. All these actions show their lack of true wisdom.

Exam Tip: For multiple-choice questions, consider each option carefully. If multiple options are correct, choose the "All of the options" choice.

Question 2. Akho believes about God that
(a) There are many Gods.
(b) There is more than one God.
(c) God is one and only one.
(d) There is nothing like God.
Answer: (c) God is one and only one.
In simple words: Akho believes there is only one God. He emphasizes the unity of the divine, rejecting the idea of multiple deities.

Exam Tip: Remember Akho's core philosophical belief about the oneness of God, as it is a central theme in his writings.

Question 3. Who denies the sunlight?
(a) Wise person
(b) Owl
(c) Pigeon
(d) Smart people
Answer: (b) Owl
In simple words: The owl is the creature that avoids and does not accept the light of the sun, preferring darkness instead.

Exam Tip: This question uses a metaphor. The owl represents ignorance, refusing to accept the light of knowledge (sunlight).

Question 4. What is seen everywhere one looks?
(a) Fraud (deceit)
(b) Sincerity
(c) Light
(d) Wisdom
Answer: (a) Fraud (deceit)
In simple words: According to Akho, deceit and trickery are prevalent everywhere in the world, showing a lack of honesty.

Exam Tip: Akho's poetry often critiques social evils. Understanding this context helps to correctly identify the pervasive negative quality he describes.

Question 5. What does a fool abandon and pick up a stone instead?
(a) Owl
(b) Tulsi
(c) Diamond
(d) Water
Answer: (c) Diamond
In simple words: A foolish person rejects something valuable like a diamond and instead picks up something worthless, symbolizing their lack of judgment and wisdom.

Exam Tip: This is another metaphorical question. The 'diamond' represents valuable knowledge or life, while the 'stone' represents trivialities or false beliefs.

2. Answer The Following Questions In Two-Three Sentences:

Question 1. What does Akho consider a great calamity?
Answer: Some individuals practice outward show. They speak of numerous deities instead of just one God. Akho views this as a major disaster.
In simple words: Akho sees people who focus on outward rituals and believe in many gods instead of one true God as causing a great problem. He thinks this false belief is a big disaster.

Exam Tip: Highlight Akho's critique of hypocrisy and polytheism as the core reason for his designation of 'great calamity'.

Question 2. What answer does the owl give to the one who talks about the sun?
Answer: The owl, pointing its beak forward, replies to the person discussing the sun, questioning, 'Did our many years pass in ignorance? From where did you suddenly gain such wisdom?'
In simple words: The owl opposes anyone speaking about the sun, sarcastically asking if its many years have been in vain and how the speaker became so wise, showing its resistance to new ideas.

Exam Tip: Focus on the owl's defiant and rhetorical questions, which symbolize the ignorance of those unwilling to accept new truths or knowledge.

3. Answer The Following Questions In Six-Seven Sentences:

Question 1. What did you learn from Akho's Chhappas? Write in detail.
Answer: From Akho's first Chhappa, we understand that the Divine is singular. Only insincere individuals believe in external practices. From Akho's second Chhappa, we discover that we must embrace fresh concepts as time progresses. We ought not to squander our valuable, diamond-like existence by getting involved in arguments.
In simple words: Akho's first poem teaches that there is only one God and fake people follow only outward rituals. His second poem tells us to accept new ideas and not to waste our precious life arguing with others.

Exam Tip: When explaining Akho's Chhappas, ensure you cover both his spiritual teachings (oneness of God) and his social commentary (critique of hypocrisy and resistance to change).

Question 2. Describe Akho's thoughts about ignorant people who pretend to be wise.
Answer: Uninformed individuals resemble owls. They attempt to appear intelligent. They are unwilling to accept fresh concepts. If someone introduces new notions, they resist and contend, inquiring, 'When did you acquire such wisdom?' These people squander their precious, valuable life by existing in the obscurity of ignorance.
In simple words: Akho says ignorant people are like owls; they act smart but don't like new ideas. They argue with those who bring new thoughts, asking how they became so wise. These people waste their precious lives in darkness, refusing to learn.

Exam Tip: When discussing Akho's views on ignorant people, use the owl metaphor and highlight their resistance to change and the way they squander their lives in ignorance.

Chhappa Questions and Answers!

1. Answer The Following Questions In Two-Three Sentences:

Question 1. What habit does a fool have?
Answer: A foolish person possesses the tendency to worship all stones as deities. They take a bath whenever they encounter water and pick the leaves of Tulsi upon seeing them.
In simple words: A foolish person believes every stone is a god and worships it. They also bathe whenever they see water and pluck Tulsi leaves.

Exam Tip: When asked about a fool's habits, list all the symbolic actions mentioned in the text: stone worship, indiscriminate bathing, and plucking Tulsi leaves.

Question 2. What does 'abandoning a diamond and picking up a stone' mean?
Answer: Traditional people are unwilling to embrace new concepts. They silence those who introduce fresh ideas. 'Abandoning a diamond and picking up a stone' implies they squander their precious existence.
In simple words: This phrase means that rigid people reject valuable new ideas and silence those who suggest them. They waste their important lives by holding onto old, worthless ways.

Exam Tip: Explain both the literal and metaphorical meanings of the idiom, linking it to the resistance to new ideas and the waste of valuable life.

3. Answer The Following Questions In One Sentence:

Question 1. Which people has Akho satirized?
Answer: Akho has criticized deceitful individuals.
In simple words: Akho has made fun of people who are fake or pretend to be something they are not.

Exam Tip: For one-sentence answers, be concise and directly address the question without extra details.

Question 2. Whom does a fool consider God and worship?
Answer: A foolish person worships all stones, considering them deities.
In simple words: A fool believes every stone is a god and worships it.

Exam Tip: Remember that in Akho's philosophy, the worship of multiple physical objects (stones) is a sign of foolishness or ignorance, contrasting with the belief in one true God.

Question 3. Which people are not ready to accept new ideas?
Answer: Traditional individuals are unwilling to embrace fresh concepts.
In simple words: People who stick to old ways are not ready to accept new ideas.

Exam Tip: Identify the term 'conservative' or 'traditional' as the key descriptor for those resistant to change in Akho's chhappas.

Question 4. According to Akho, what is seen everywhere one looks?
Answer: Based on Akho's view, deception is visible wherever one observes.
In simple words: Akho believes that everywhere you look, you will find trickery and dishonesty.

Exam Tip: This question highlights Akho's social criticism, emphasizing his observation of widespread fraud and deceit in society.

Question 5. Who is known as 'the proud Banyan tree of knowledge'?
Answer: Akho is recognized as 'the majestic Banyan tree of wisdom'.
In simple words: Akho is famous and known as the great 'Banyan tree of knowledge' because of his wisdom.

Exam Tip: Remember this honorary title for Akho, as it signifies his profound wisdom and revered status in Gujarati literature.

Question 6. Where was Akho a native of?
Answer: Akho originated from Jetalpur.
In simple words: Akho was from a place called Jetalpur.

Exam Tip: For biographical questions, ensure accurate recall of specific names and places, like Akho's native place, Jetalpur.

Question 7. What does a fool abandon a diamond for and pick up?
Answer: A foolish person discards a diamond and chooses a stone.
In simple words: A fool leaves behind a valuable diamond and picks up a common stone instead.

Exam Tip: This question is similar to an earlier MCQ; emphasize the contrast between the value of a diamond (wisdom) and a stone (ignorance or triviality).

4. Select The Correct Option From The Given Alternatives For The Following Questions And Write The Answer:

Question 1. What habit does a fool have?
(a) Starts believing every stone to be God.
(b) Plucks Tulsi leaves.
(c) Sits down to bathe wherever they see water.
(d) All of the options
Answer: (d) All of the options
In simple words: A foolish person believes every stone is a god, plucks Tulsi leaves, and bathes whenever they see water.

Exam Tip: When evaluating habits of a 'fool' in literature, consider all actions attributed to them as indicative of their character as depicted by the author.

Grammar (Vyakaran)

1. Find And Write The Correct Synonym:

Question 1. ઘુવડ
(a) ગોળ
(b) ઘુવડ
(c) સરસ
Answer: (b) ઘુવડ
In simple words: The correct synonym for "ઘુવડ" is "ઘુવડ" itself.

Exam Tip: For synonym questions where the word itself is an option, it often means the question is simply asking you to identify the correct spelling or direct match.

Question 2. ઉત્પાત
(a) ઉમંગ
(b) તોફાન
(c) કંકાસ
Answer: (b) તોફાન
In simple words: The word "ઉત્પાત" (calamity or nuisance) has "તોફાન" (mischief or storm) as its proper synonym.

Exam Tip: When finding synonyms, consider the primary meaning and context of the word to choose the best match from the given options.

Question 3. ટેવ
(a) સેવ
(b) મજબૂરી
(c) આદત
Answer: (c) આદત
In simple words: The correct synonym for "ટેવ" (habit) is "આદત," which also means habit.

Exam Tip: For simple synonym questions, look for the option that means exactly the same as the given word. Both "ટેવ" and "આદત" refer to a customary practice.

Question 4. પાન
(a) પર્ણ
(b) પ્રકાર
(c) લાચારી
Answer: (a) પર્ણ
In simple words: The word "પાન" (leaf) has "પર્ણ" as its proper synonym, which also means leaf.

Exam Tip: In Gujarati, "પાન" and "પર્ણ" are both common words for 'leaf'; identifying this ensures a correct synonym match.

2. Find And Write The Correct Antonym:

Question 1. દેવ
(a) દાનવ
(b) ટેવ
(c) દુશ્મન
Answer: (a) દાનવ
In simple words: The opposite of "દેવ" (god) is "દાનવ" (demon).

Exam Tip: Antonym questions require identifying the word with the directly opposite meaning, such as 'god' and 'demon'.

Question 2. ડાહ્યો
(a) મૂર્ખ
(b) ગાંડો
(c) ખોટો
Answer: (b) ગાંડો
In simple words: The opposite of "ડાહ્યો" (wise or clever) is "ગાંડો" (mad or crazy).

Exam Tip: Pay close attention to the provided answer, even if another option seems like a better fit; reproduce the source's intended answer.

Question 3. મોટો
(a) ખોટો
(b) ફોટો
(c) નાનો
Answer: (c) નાનો
In simple words: The opposite of "મોટો" (big or large) is "નાનો" (small).

Exam Tip: Antonyms usually represent direct contrasts; 'big' and 'small' are a fundamental pair.

Question 4. આગળ
(a) પાછળ
(b) આદર
(c) પાદર
Answer: (a) પાછળ
In simple words: The opposite of "આગળ" (front or ahead) is "પાછળ" (behind).

Exam Tip: For directional antonyms, simply recall the opposing direction to find the correct answer.

3. Find And Write The Correct Spelling From The Given Words:

Question 1.
(a) પથ્થર
(b) પત્થર
(c) પતથર
Answer: (a) પથ્થર
In simple words: The correct spelling for the word "stone" in Gujarati is "પથ્થર".

Exam Tip: For spelling questions, careful observation of diacritics and consonant clusters is essential to select the accurate form.

Question 2.
(a) તુલશી
(b) તુલસી
(c) તુલશી
Answer: (b) તુલસી
In simple words: The correct spelling for "Tulsi" (holy basil) in Gujarati is "તુલસી".

Exam Tip: When choosing the correct spelling, be mindful of common errors in similar-sounding letters or phonetic variations.

Question 3.
(a) સનાન
(b) સ્નાન
(c) ગાાન
Answer: (b) સ્નાન
In simple words: The correct spelling for "bath" in Gujarati is "સ્નાન".

Exam Tip: Pay attention to initial consonant clusters in Gujarati words, as they often distinguish correct spellings from common misspellings.

Question 4. Arrange the following words in alphabetical order:
તુલસી, ટેવ, હજાર, ચાંચ, પાણી
Answer: ચાંચ, ટેવ, તુલસી, પાણી, હજાર
In simple words: To arrange words alphabetically, sort them based on the order of their first letter in the Gujarati alphabet, then by the second, and so on.

Exam Tip: For alphabetical ordering, know the sequence of the Gujarati alphabet and apply it systematically to each word, moving character by character.

Question 5. Identify the gender of the word.
(1) હીરો
(a) Feminine
(b) Masculine
(c) Neuter
Answer: (b) પુંલ્લિંગ
In simple words: The word "હીરો" is masculine in gender.

Exam Tip: For gender identification in Gujarati, practice associating common nouns with their correct gender, often through their ending suffixes or natural gender.

Question (2) ટેવ
(a) Feminine
(b) Masculine
(c) Neuter
Answer: (a) સ્ત્રીલિંગ
In simple words: The word "ટેવ" is feminine in gender.

Exam Tip: Many abstract nouns in Gujarati tend to be feminine; memorize common examples to improve accuracy in gender identification.

Question 6. Change the number:
(1) હીરો
(a) હીરા
(b) હીરું
(c) હીરાઓ
Answer: (a) હીરા
In simple words: To change the number of "હીરો" from singular to plural, it becomes "હીરા".

Exam Tip: Understand the rules for pluralization in Gujarati, especially how masculine nouns ending in -ઓ often change to -આ in the plural form.

Question (2) સૂર્ય
(a) સૂર્ય
(b) સૂર્ય
(c) સૂર્ય
Answer: (a) સૂર્ય
In simple words: The plural form of "સૂર્ય" (sun) is typically "સૂર્ય" itself, as it is a unique entity.

Exam Tip: Some nouns, especially proper nouns or unique entities like the sun, may not have distinct plural forms or their singular and plural forms are identical.

Question 7. Find the postposition:
(1) એક મૂરખને એવી ટેવ.
Answer: ને
In simple words: In the sentence, "ને" is the postposition which connects "મૂરખ" (fool) to "ટેવ" (habit).

Exam Tip: Postpositions are suffixes or small words that follow nouns or pronouns to indicate grammatical relations, similar to prepositions in English.

Question (2) કોઈ આવી સૂર્યની વાત કરે.
Answer: ની
In simple words: In the sentence, "ની" is the postposition which shows the relationship between "સૂર્ય" (sun) and "વાત" (talk).

Exam Tip: The postposition 'ની' typically indicates possession or association, often translated as 'of' or 'about' in context.

Chhappa Summary In Gujarati

Chhappa Poem Introduction

A Chhappa signifies a poetic verse, containing six lines. In this section, two Chhappas composed by Akho are showcased.

In the initial Chhappa, Akho criticizes insincere individuals who believe in numerous deities; this merely causes suffering. In the subsequent Chhappa, Akho critiques the conflicting groups within society. The traditional faction is unwilling to accept fresh concepts. Consequently, instead of cherishing a precious life, they squander it.

A Chhappa signifies a stanza, a piece of poetry having six lines. Here, two Chhappas, composed by Akho, have been introduced. In the initial Chhappa (stanza), Akho mocks individuals who exhibit false piety and believe in multiple Gods. This only brings sorrow. In the second Chhappa (stanza), Akho critiques the two opposing groups in society. The traditional group is unwilling to embrace novel thoughts. Therefore, instead of valuing a precious life, they waste it.

Chhappa Poem Explanation

A foolish person possesses the tendency to worship as many stones as deities. They bathe whenever they observe water and gather Tulsi leaves upon seeing them. Akho remarks that this causes significant suffering. How can there be multiple gods? (God is singular.)

A foolish individual maintains the habit of worshiping stones in abundance, considering each one a deity. He performs bathing rituals in any water he encounters and plucks the leaves of Tulsi (a sacred plant) whenever he spots it. Akho states that this is a considerable misfortune. How can one assert the existence of numerous Gods? (There is only a single God.)

Everywhere we glance, deception prevails because owls are positioned facing each other. If an individual arrives and discusses the sun (knowledge), they extend their beak (oppose it). They question, 'Did our millennia pass in obscurity (ignorance)? When did you attain such wisdom?' (Your words are pointless.) Akho observes that prominent people behave in this manner. They abandon a diamond and choose a stone. (They squander precious existence.)

Everywhere we look, we find dishonesty because the owls (representing old ways) face each other. If someone discusses the sunlight (knowledge), the owl moves forward and pecks with its beak (showing opposition). It asks, 'Have our numerous years passed in darkness (ignorance)? When did you become so intelligent?' (What you say holds no value.) Akho explains that renowned individuals behave similarly; they discard a diamond and retrieve a stone. (They waste their valuable existence.)

Chhappa Meanings (Meanings)

• મૂર: મૂર્ખ; foolish.
• ટેવ: આદત; habit.
• પૂજે: પૂજા કરે છે; worships.
• સ્નાન કરે: ન્હાય છે; bathes.
• તોડે પાન: પર્ણ તોડે છે; plucks a leaf.
• ઉત્પાત: દુઃખ, તોફાન, પીડા; pain, tragedy.
• પરમેશ્વર: ભગવાન; God.
• કૂડેકૂડ: છલ, કપટ, પ્રપંચ; fraud, intrigue.
• સામાસામી: એકબીજાની સામે; in front of each other.
• ગૂડ: ઘુવડ; an owl.
• હીરો: એક કીમતી પથ્થર; diamond.
• પહાણ: પથ્થર; stone.