GSEB Class 8 Social Science Solutions Chapter 11 The United Nations (U.N.)

Answer the Following Questions:

Question 1. What is global unity ? What is the need to establish an international organization?
Answer: 'Global Unity' means the entire world being united. This is vital for global peace. Much damage was caused in most countries during World War I. People wished for peace, and historical lessons showed that it was crucial to set up an international body to protect peace worldwide, unite countries, and foster co-operation. If all the world's nations come together with the belief that the whole world is one family and Earth is our shared home that we must safeguard, only then can 'world unity' be achieved.
In simple words: Global unity means the world is united, which is important for peace. After World War I caused much destruction, people realized an international organization was needed to keep peace, bring countries together, and encourage teamwork. True world unity happens when all nations feel like one family.

Exam Tip: When explaining concepts like 'Global Unity,' always define the term first and then explain its significance or necessity with relevant historical context if provided.

Question 2. Under which circumstances was U.N.O. established ?
Answer: World War II (1939-1945) was more damaging than the previous war. An atomic bomb was utilized during World War II. Millions of innocent individuals were killed, and property worth billions of rupees was ruined in this conflict. Nearly all countries were affected in some way by this war, creating widespread chaos globally. Diplomats across the globe worked to free the world from the upcoming risk of war. The President of U.S.A., Franklin D. Roosevelt, put in effort to establish a global organization. On 24th October, 1945, the United Nations Organization (U.N.O.) was formed to promote world peace and care for people's well-being. Initially, this body was known as the United Nations Organization U.N.O., but now it is simply called the United Nations (U.N.). The U.N. started with 51 nations as members, and today that number has increased to 193.
In simple words: The UNO was formed after World War II, which caused immense destruction, deaths, and chaos, including the use of an atomic bomb. Leaders realized a global body was needed to prevent future wars and ensure peace and well-being worldwide.

Exam Tip: Always mention key events like World War II, significant figures like Franklin D. Roosevelt, and specific dates like October 24, 1945, when discussing the establishment of major international bodies.

Question 3. What are the main objectives of U.N.O. ?
Answer: Main objectives of U.N.O. are:
1. To keep international peace and safety.
2. To encourage feelings of friendship among member nations.
3. To address economic, social, cultural, and human-related problems at a global level.
4. To seek co-operation to build respect for human rights and the fundamental right to freedom.
In simple words: The UNO aims to keep global peace, foster friendly relations between countries, solve worldwide issues like poverty or cultural problems, and promote respect for human rights and freedom.

Exam Tip: When listing objectives, use clear, concise points. Memorize at least 3-4 main objectives for such questions.

Question 4. Which are the main organs of the United Nations ?
Answer: The main organs of the United Nations are:
1. Secretariat
2. General Assembly
3. Security Council
4. International Court of Justice
5. Trusteeship Council and
6. Economic and Social Council.
In simple words: The United Nations has six main parts: the Secretariat, General Assembly, Security Council, International Court of Justice, Trusteeship Council, and Economic and Social Council.

Exam Tip: List all organs accurately. A brief description of each organ's role can earn extra marks if time permits.

Question 5. What is the contribution of India in the achievements of the U.N. ?
Answer: World peace is a core part of India's foreign policy, and India has always helped in the achievements of the U.N.O. :

• India has always helped greatly in the peacekeeping forces of the U.N.
• India had sent a team of doctors to care for injured soldiers in the Korean war.
• Indian representatives holding various posts in the U.N. have helped to improve conditions with their knowledge and experience.
• The important principles of 'Panchsheel' are a gift from India to the world. Therefore, India's contribution to the goals of the United Nations is significant.

Exam Tip: When discussing contributions of a country, provide specific examples rather than general statements to demonstrate a deeper understanding.

Question 1. 'Veto Power' means the right of denial or to reject the decision of the Security Council.
Answer: ✓
In simple words: Veto power is the right to say no or block a decision made by the Security Council.

Exam Tip: For true/false questions, always mark clearly. For such definitions, understanding the core concept is key.

Question 2. India was not an independent nation when the 'League of Nations' was established.
Answer: ✓
In simple words: India was not a free country when the League of Nations was first set up.

Exam Tip: Factual questions require precise knowledge. Confirm dates and historical contexts.

Question 3. Vijayalaxmi Pandit of India was elected as the President of UNESCO.
Answer: X
In simple words: Vijayalaxmi Pandit from India was not chosen as the President of UNESCO.

Exam Tip: Be careful with names and specific organizations. Small details matter in factual questions.

Write a Short Note on the Following:

Question. (1) General Assembly
Answer: The General Assembly is an organization of countries that talk about and fix international issues. The General Assembly of the United Nations (U.N.) is also known as the 'World Parliament'. Representatives from all member nations go to it. The General Assembly is the largest part of the U.N. Every member nation can send at least five representatives to the General Assembly. However, every member nation has a right to cast only one vote. The meeting of the General Assembly is usually held once a year in September. The General Assembly also picks its president and vice president every year. Mrs. Vijayalaxmi Pandit of India was chosen as the President of the General Assembly of the United Nations in 1953-54. The assembly introduced the Universal Declaration of Human Rights on 10th December, 1948. The General Assembly can talk about and suggest solutions or give advice on any world issue within the limits described in the Charter of the U.N. The General Assembly immediately draws the Security Council of U.N.O.'s attention to any situation that could endanger global peace and safety. The authority to give membership to a nation rests with the General Assembly.
In simple words: The General Assembly is like the UN's 'World Parliament' where all member countries discuss global issues. Each country gets one vote, and meetings are held yearly to address problems, offer advice, and approve new members.

Exam Tip: When describing an organ, include its purpose, composition, key functions, and any notable historical facts related to it.

Question. (2) Security Council
Answer: The Security Council is the most important part of the U.N. It works to protect international peace and safety. The Security Council has huge authority to handle peace and safety worldwide. Its goal is to settle disagreements between nations peacefully, whenever possible. It acts as the executive council of the United Nations and consists of 15 members. U.S.A., Russia, United Kingdom (Britain), France, and China are its 5 permanent members. The other 10 members are chosen by the General Assembly. The Chief Administrative Officer of the U.N. and the head of the Security Council are known as the 'Secretary General'. 'Veto Power' or 'Right to Deny' is a negative vote cast against a proposal made in the Security Council. All five permanent members, who possess the 'Veto Power', must agree on any decision. If they do not agree, they can cast 'a negative vote,' and the decision or resolution cannot be passed.
In simple words: The Security Council is the UN's main body for keeping global peace. It has 15 members, with 5 permanent members (USA, Russia, UK, France, China) who have veto power, meaning they can block decisions. Its goal is to resolve conflicts peacefully.

Exam Tip: Highlight the permanent members and their 'Veto Power' when discussing the Security Council, as these are critical distinguishing features.

Question. (3) Need for disarmament
Answer: If all the world's countries work together with the U.N., true global peace can really be reached. For global peace, it is important that all nations agree to the policy of disarmament; this means they agree to halt making very dangerous weapons. Millions of rupees that are spent on

Question 19. Make a list of Indians who have rendered their services in various Councils of United Nations.
Answer:

Exam Tip: Memorize the names and their associated positions, especially for prominent Indian figures, as these are common GK questions.

GSEB Class 8 Social Science The United Nations (U.N.) Additional Important Questions and Answers

Choose the correct alternative from those given below each question:

Question 1. Who first proposed the thought of forming a World Organization ?
(a) George Washington
(b) Abraham Lincoln
(c) Woodrow Wilson
(d) F. D. Roosevelt
Answer: (c) Woodrow Wilson
In simple words: Woodrow Wilson was the first person to suggest the idea of creating a global organization for peace.

Exam Tip: Remember the historical context and key figures associated with the formation of international organizations like the League of Nations and the U.N.

Question 2. When was League of Nations established ?
(a) In 1920
(b) In 1941
(c) In 1924
(d) In 1945
Answer: (a) In 1920
In simple words: The League of Nations was created in 1920 to help keep peace in the world after World War I.

Exam Tip: Knowing the establishment dates of major international bodies like the League of Nations and U.N. is crucial.

Question 3. By whose efforts was the plan of World Organization formed during World War II ?
(a) The Prime Minister of England, Churchill
(b) The American President, George Washington
(c) The American President, E D. Roosevelt
(d) The Indian politician, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru
Answer: (c) The American President, E D. Roosevelt
In simple words: President Franklin D. Roosevelt played a key role in developing the idea for a world organization during World War II.

Exam Tip: Identify the key leaders and their contributions to the establishment of the U.N. during and after WWII.

Question 4. When was the United Nations (U.N.) established?
(a) On 1st August, 1944
(b) On 10th October, 1945
(c) On 10th October, 1945
(d) On 24th October, 1945
Answer: (d) On 24th October, 1945
In simple words: The United Nations was officially set up on October 24, 1945.

Exam Tip: October 24th is celebrated as U.N. Day, a vital date to remember.

Question 5. How many nations were members of the U.N. at the time of its establishment?
(a) 51
(b) 21
(c) 41
(d) 108
Answer: (a) 51
In simple words: When the U.N. first started, it had 51 countries as its members.

Exam Tip: It is important to know the initial number of member states as a key fact about the U.N.'s origin.

Question 6. How many nations are members of the United Nations at present?
(a) 198
(b) 193
(c) 191
(d) 202
Answer: (b) 193
In simple words: Currently, there are 193 countries that are part of the United Nations.

Exam Tip: Stay updated with the current number of U.N. member states as it can change over time.

Question 7. Which of the following was not included in the main objectives of the U.N, ?
(a) To keep feeling of friendliness among the member nations,
(b) To maintain international peace and security,
(c) To increase business among member nations,
(d) To protect human rights.
Answer: (c) To increase business among member nations,
In simple words: While the U.N. aims for peace, security, and human rights, increasing business among member nations is not one of its primary objectives.

Exam Tip: Be familiar with the core objectives of the U.N. to identify statements that don't fit.

Question 8. Which day is celebrated as 'U.N. Day' every year ?
(a) 15th January
(b) 24th October
(c) 20th October
(d) 20th October
Answer: (b) 24th October
In simple words: Every year, October 24th is celebrated as U.N. Day, marking its establishment.

Exam Tip: Specific dates for international observances, like U.N. Day, are frequently asked in exams.

Question 9. Which is the largest organ of U.N. ?
(a) Secretariat
(b) Security Council
(c) Trusteeship Council
(d) General Assembly
Answer: (d) General Assembly
In simple words: The General Assembly is the biggest part of the U.N. because all member countries are represented there.

Exam Tip: Understand the structure of the U.N. and the roles of its principal organs.

Question 10. How many maximum representatives to the General Assembly of the U.N. can every member nation send ?
(a) 4
(b) 5
(c) 6
(d) 10
Answer: (b) 5
In simple words: Each country can send up to five representatives to the General Assembly.

Exam Tip: While a nation can send multiple representatives, it only gets one vote in the General Assembly.

Question 11. Who was appointed as the President of General Assembly of U.N. in 1953 - 54?
(a) Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
(c) Srimati Vijayalaxmi Pandit
(d) Dr Nagendra Sinh
Answer: (c) Srimati Vijayalaxmi Pandit
In simple words: Srimati Vijayalaxmi Pandit, from India, became the President of the U.N. General Assembly in 1953-54.

Exam Tip: Prominent individuals and their specific roles in U.N. history, especially those from India, are important for general knowledge questions.

Question 12. When was the Universal Declaration of Human Rights presented by the U.N. General Assembly?
(a) On 24th October, 1945
(b) On 10th December, 1948
(c) On 1st January, 1951
(d) On 31st December, 1960
Answer: (b) On 10th December, 1948
In simple words: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was introduced by the U.N. General Assembly on December 10, 1948.

Exam Tip: December 10th is Human Rights Day, a very important date to remember concerning fundamental rights.

Question 13. Who possesses the power to allot new membership to U.N. ?
(a) General Assembly
(b) General Secretary of U.N.
(c) Security Council
(d) Secretariat
Answer: (a) General Assembly
In simple words: The General Assembly has the power to decide which new countries can become members of the U.N.

Exam Tip: Understand the specific powers and responsibilities of each U.N. organ, especially regarding membership.

Question 14. Which is the most important organ of United Nations ?
(a) Economic and Security Council
(b) General Assembly
(c) Trusteeship Council
(d) Security Council
Answer: (d) Security Council
In simple words: The Security Council is considered the most crucial part of the U.N. because it is responsible for maintaining global peace and security.

Exam Tip: The Security Council's role in international peace and security makes it a highly significant organ.

Question 15. What is the total number of members in Security Council ?
(a) 15
(b) 21
(c) 12
(d) 10
Answer: (a) 15
In simple words: The Security Council has a total of 15 members, including both permanent and non-permanent ones.

Exam Tip: Differentiate between the total number of members and the number of permanent members in the Security Council.

Question 16. Which of the following nations is a permanent member of the U.N. ?
(a) India
(b) Germany
(c) China
(d) Egypt
Answer: (c) China
In simple words: Among the options provided, China is one of the five permanent members of the U.N. Security Council.

Exam Tip: Remember the five permanent members of the Security Council: China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

Question 17. Which of the following nations is not a permanent member of the Security Council of U.N. ?
(a) U.S.A.
(b) France
(c) Germany
(d) China
Answer: (c) Germany
In simple words: Germany is not a permanent member of the U.N. Security Council; it is one of the non-permanent members.

Exam Tip: Be able to distinguish between permanent and non-permanent members of the Security Council.

Question 18. What is the head of the Secretariat of U.N. known as ?
(a) General Secretary
(b) President
(c) Chairman
(d) Chief minister
Answer: (a) General Secretary
In simple words: The person in charge of the U.N. Secretariat is called the Secretary-General.

Exam Tip: Know the titles and roles of the leaders of each main U.N. organ.

Question 19. How many positive votes of permanent members are necessary for any proposal to be accepted by the U.N. ?
(a) Four
(b) Three
(c) Five
(d) Two
Answer: (c) Five
In simple words: All five permanent members must agree, meaning they must cast a positive vote, for a proposal to be approved by the U.N. Security Council.

Exam Tip: Understand the "Veto Power" concept, where any one permanent member can block a resolution.

Question 20. Where are the headquarters of World Health Organization (WHO) ?
(a) In Paris
(b) In New York
(c) In London
(d) In Geneva
Answer: (d) In Geneva
In simple words: The main office for the World Health Organization is located in Geneva.

Exam Tip: It is helpful to know the headquarters locations of major U.N. specialized agencies.

Question 21. Where are the headquarters of UNESCO?
(a) In Berlin
(b) In Paris
(c) In New York
(d) In Geneva
Answer: (b) In Paris
In simple words: UNESCO's main office is situated in Paris.

Exam Tip: Associate UNESCO with its focus on education, science, and culture, and its headquarters location.

Question 22. Where are the headquarters of International Labour Organization (ILO)?
(a) In Geneva
(b) In New York
(c) In Rome
(d) In Washington D.C.
Answer: (a) In Geneva
In simple words: The International Labour Organization has its headquarters in Geneva.

Exam Tip: Pay attention to the concentration of certain international organizations in cities like Geneva and New York.

Question 23. Where are the headquarters of UNICEF ?
(a) In Paris
(b) In Geneva
(c) In Washington D.C.
(d) In New York
Answer: (d) In New York
In simple words: UNICEF's main office, which works for children, is located in New York.

Exam Tip: Remember UNICEF's focus on children's welfare and its headquarters in New York.

Question 24. Where are the headquarters of Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) ?
(a) In Rome
(b) In Delhi
(c) In Berlin
(d) In Paris
Answer: (a) In Rome
In simple words: The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has its main office in Rome.

Exam Tip: Link FAO's mission to food and agriculture with Rome, known for its culinary heritage.

Question 25. Where are the headquarters of World Bank (IBRD) ?
(a) In Moscow
(b) In Beijing
(c) In Washington D.C.
(d) In London
Answer: (c) In Washington
In simple words: The World Bank's main office is located in Washington D.C.

Exam Tip: Major financial institutions often have their headquarters in key global financial centers.

Question 26. During which war did India send a team of doctors for the treatment of wounded soldiers?
(a) Vietnam
(b) Cambodia
(c) Korea
(d) Somaliya
Answer: (c) Korea
In simple words: India sent medical teams to treat injured soldiers during the Korean War.

Exam Tip: Note India's contributions to U.N. peacekeeping and humanitarian efforts in historical conflicts.

Fill in the blanks with proper words or numbers in the following statements:

Question 1. An organization named ............ was established for world peace in 1920.
Answer: League of Nations
In simple words: The League of Nations was founded in 1920 to work for global peace.

Exam Tip: Recognize the League of Nations as the predecessor to the United Nations, established after WWI.

Question 2. A deadly weapon like the ............ was used in the World War II.
Answer: Atom bomb
In simple words: A very dangerous weapon, the atom bomb, was deployed during World War II.

Exam Tip: The use of the atom bomb was a pivotal event in World War II, highlighting the need for peace organizations.

Question 3. During the World War II, a plan to constitute an International Organization was formed with the efforts of president ............ of U.S.A. to establish world peace.
Answer: E D. Roosevelt
In simple words: During World War II, U.S. President F.D. Roosevelt worked to create a world organization for lasting peace.

Exam Tip: Connect President Roosevelt's leadership with the foundational ideas for the United Nations.

Question 4. The organization that was first known as United Nations Organization is known as the ............ now.
Answer: United Nations (U.N.)
In simple words: The body initially called the United Nations Organization is now simply known as the United Nations (U.N.).

Exam Tip: Understand the full and abbreviated forms of the organization's name.

Question 5. The headquarters of United Nations (U.N.) are in ............ city.
Answer: New York
In simple words: The main office of the United Nations is in New York City.

Exam Tip: New York City is the primary headquarters for the overall U.N., distinct from its specialized agencies.

Question 6. The number of member nations at the time when the U.N.O. was established was ............ today that number is ............
Answer: 51, 193
In simple words: When the U.N. first began, it had 51 member countries; now, that number has grown to 193.

Exam Tip: Be able to recall both the initial and current number of U.N. member states.

Question 7. Every member nation can send a maximum of five representatives to the ............ of the U.N.
Answer: General Assembly
In simple words: Each member country can send up to five people to represent them in the U.N.'s General Assembly.

Exam Tip: The General Assembly is the representative body where all member states have a voice.

Question 8. The General Assembly of United Nations meets ............ in a year.
Answer: once
In simple words: The U.N.'s General Assembly holds its main meeting one time each year.

Exam Tip: The General Assembly convenes annually for its regular session, usually in September.

Question 9. The General Assembly of United Nations had presented Universal Declaration of ............ on 10th December, 1948.
Answer: Human rights
In simple words: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was introduced by the U.N. General Assembly on December 10, 1948.

Exam Tip: December 10th marks Human Rights Day, commemorating this significant declaration.

Question 10. The General Assembly of the United Nations can hold discussions and talks about any world problem within the limits prescribed in the ............
Answer: Charter
In simple words: The U.N. General Assembly can discuss global issues, but only within the rules set by the U.N. Charter.

Exam Tip: The U.N. Charter is the foundational treaty, outlining the rights and duties of member states and the framework of the U.N.

Question 11. The General Assembly possesses the power to admit new members to the ............
Answer: United Nations (U.N.)
In simple words: The General Assembly has the authority to approve new countries joining the United Nations.

Exam Tip: While the Security Council recommends, the General Assembly makes the final decision on new U.N. members.

Question 12. ............ is the most important organ of United Nations.
Answer: Security Council
In simple words: The Security Council is considered the most vital part of the United Nations.

Exam Tip: The Security Council's primary responsibility is to maintain international peace and security.

Question 13. The total number of members in Security Council are ............
Answer: 15
In simple words: There are 15 members in total on the Security Council.

Exam Tip: Remember the total number of members in the Security Council is 15 (5 permanent, 10 non-permanent).

Question 14. Out of the total number of members in the Security Council ............ are permanent members, while ............ are temporary members.
Answer: 5, 10
In simple words: The Security Council has five permanent members and ten temporary members.

Exam Tip: Clearly distinguish between the two categories of members in the Security Council.

Question 15. The temporary members of Security Council are elected by the General Assembly for ............ years.
Answer: 2
In simple words: The non-permanent members of the Security Council are chosen by the General Assembly for a two-year term.

Exam Tip: Know the duration of the term for non-permanent members and the body responsible for their election.

Question 16. The head of the Secretariat of United Nations is known as ' ............ '.
Answer: Secretary-General
In simple words: The leader of the U.N. Secretariat is called the Secretary-General.

Exam Tip: The Secretary-General is often considered the chief administrative officer of the U.N.

Question 17. The appointment of the Secretary of United Nations is made by the General Assembly on the recommendation of ............
Answer: Security Council
In simple words: The Secretary-General of the U.N. is chosen by the General Assembly after getting a recommendation from the Security Council.

Exam Tip: Understand the joint role of the General Assembly and Security Council in the appointment of the Secretary-General.

Question 18. The headquarters of World Health Organization are situated in ............ city of Switzerland.
Answer: Geneva
In simple words: The World Health Organization (WHO) has its main office in Geneva, Switzerland.

Exam Tip: Link the WHO with its mission to global health and its key location in Geneva.

Question 19. The headquarters of UNESCO are situated in ............ city of France.
Answer: Paris
In simple words: UNESCO's headquarters are located in Paris, France.

Exam Tip: Relate UNESCO's cultural and educational focus to the culturally rich city of Paris.

Question 20. The headquarters of International Labour Organization are situated in ............ city of Switzerland.
Answer: Geneva
In simple words: The International Labour Organization (ILO) has its main office in Geneva, Switzerland.

Exam Tip: Note Geneva's importance as a hub for many international organizations.

Question 21. The headquarters of UNICEF are situated ............ city of U.S.A
Answer: New York
In simple words: UNICEF's main office is located in New York City, U.S.A.

Exam Tip: Remember UNICEF is based in New York, alongside the main U.N. headquarters.

Question 22. The headquarters of Food and Agricultural Organization are situated in ............ city of Italy.
Answer: Rome
In simple words: The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has its headquarters in Rome, Italy.

Exam Tip: Connect FAO's agricultural focus to Italy, a country known for its food culture.

Question 23. The headquarters of World Bank are situated in ............ city of U.S.A.
Answer: Washington D.C.
In simple words: The World Bank's main office is located in Washington D.C., U.S.A.

Exam Tip: The World Bank, a major financial institution, is based in the capital of the United States.

Question 24. India had sent a team of doctors to treat soldiers wounded in the ............ war.
Answer: Korean
In simple words: India provided medical assistance by sending doctors to treat injured soldiers during the Korean War.

Exam Tip: This fact highlights India's humanitarian role in international conflicts.

Question 25. If all the nations of the world co-operate with the United Nations only then can real ............ be established.
Answer: World Peace
In simple words: Genuine global peace can only be achieved if all countries work together with the United Nations.

Exam Tip: Emphasize the principle of collective security and cooperation as central to achieving world peace.

State whether the following statements are true or false:

Question 1. The World War I caused more destruction than the World War II.
Answer: False
In simple words: World War II actually caused more destruction and loss of life than World War I.

Exam Tip: Understand the comparative scale of destruction and impact of the two World Wars.

Question 2. The number of members in United Nations (U.N.) at present is 193.
Answer: True
In simple words: It is correct that the United Nations currently has 193 member countries.

Exam Tip: This is a factual statement that should be memorized.

Question 3. The General Assembly can be called as the Parliament of United Nations (U.N.).
Answer: False
In simple words: While it is a representative body, the General Assembly is not officially called the 'Parliament' of the U.N.

Exam Tip: Although sometimes referred to metaphorically as a 'world parliament', it's not its official title.

Question 4. France is permanent member of Security Council.
Answer: True
In simple words: Yes, France is indeed one of the permanent members of the Security Council.

Exam Tip: Know the list of five permanent members of the U.N. Security Council.

Question 5. India possesses 'Veto Power' in Security Council.
Answer: False
In simple words: India does not have 'Veto Power' in the Security Council; only the five permanent members do.

Exam Tip: Only the five permanent members (China, France, Russia, UK, US) have veto power.

Question 6. The headquarter of UNICEF is in New York city of U.S.A.
Answer: True
In simple words: It is true that UNICEF's main office is located in New York City, U.S.A.

Exam Tip: Verify the headquarters locations of specialized agencies to avoid common misconceptions.

Question 7. The World Bank lends money to Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation.
Answer: False
In simple words: The World Bank typically lends to national governments or large-scale projects, not directly to municipal corporations like Ahmedabad's.

Exam Tip: Understand the typical clients and scale of projects funded by institutions like the World Bank.

Question 8. Total disarmament is necessary for World Peace.
Answer: True
In simple words: Complete removal of all weapons is considered essential for achieving lasting global peace.

Exam Tip: Disarmament is a key concept in international relations and a goal of organizations promoting peace.

Match the pairs correctly:

Question. Match the pairs correctly.
Answer:

Exam Tip: For matching questions, it's helpful to first identify the most certain pairs to narrow down options.

Answer the following questions in one or two sentences:

Question 1. When and why was League of Nations established ?
Answer: The League of Nations was set up in 1920 after World War I. It was created to help keep peace and security around the world at an international level.
In simple words: The League of Nations started in 1920 after World War I, aiming to maintain global peace and safety.

Exam Tip: Clearly state the establishment date and the primary purpose of the League of Nations.

Question 2. Why did the League of Nations fail ?
Answer: The League of Nations could not effectively protect smaller nations from attacks by stronger ones. As a result, it failed in its main objective of maintaining global peace.
In simple words: The League of Nations failed because it couldn't stop powerful countries from attacking weaker ones.

Exam Tip: Focus on the main reason for its failure: its inability to prevent aggression by powerful states.

Question 3. Why is disarmament important?
Answer: Disarmament is vital for global peace and human welfare, as it involves stopping the production of deadly weapons. This allows resources spent on weapons to be used for humanity's benefit, ensuring the Earth remains a safe home.
In simple words: Disarmament is important for world peace and human well-being, as it means not making destructive weapons and using resources for good instead.

Exam Tip: Explain that disarmament prevents war and redirects resources to human development and welfare.

Question 4. Who was elected as the president of the General Assembly of United Nations in the year 1953-54?
Answer: Srimati Vijayalaxmi Pandit from India was chosen as the president of the General Assembly of United Nations in 1953-54.
In simple words: Srimati Vijayalaxmi Pandit from India was elected president of the U.N. General Assembly in 1953-54.

Exam Tip: Remember significant historical appointments, especially those involving Indian personalities in international roles.

Question 5. Which is the most important organ of United Nations ? How many members does it have ?
Answer: The Security Council is considered the most important organ of the United Nations. It has a total of 15 members; five of these are permanent members, and ten are temporary.
In simple words: The Security Council is the U.N.'s most important part. It has 15 members: 5 permanent and 10 temporary.

Exam Tip: State both the name of the organ and the breakdown of its membership correctly.

Question 6. Which nations are the permanent members of the Security Council ?
Answer: The permanent member nations of the Security Council are the U.S.A., Great Britain, France, Russia, and China.
In simple words: The five permanent members of the Security Council are the USA, UK, France, Russia, and China.

Exam Tip: Accurately list all five permanent members, as this is a fundamental piece of information.

Question 7. What is the main function of Security Council of United Nations ?
Answer: The primary function of the United Nations Security Council is to uphold international peace and security around the world.
In simple words: The Security Council's main job is to maintain peace and safety across the globe.

Exam Tip: Clearly state its core responsibility: maintaining international peace and security.

Question 8. What is the head of the U.N. known as ? Who appoints him?
Answer: The head of the U.N. is known as the 'Secretary-General'. He is appointed by the General Assembly based on the recommendation from the Security Council.
In simple words: The U.N. head is the 'Secretary-General'. He is appointed by the General Assembly, following a suggestion from the Security Council.

Exam Tip: Remember both the title of the head and the two organs involved in the appointment process.

Question 9. What is meant by 'Right to Deny (Veto Power)'? What is its importance?
Answer: 'Right to Deny (Veto Power)' refers to the ability to cast a negative vote against a proposal presented in the Security Council. This unique privilege is held by all five permanent members of the Security Council.
In simple words: 'Veto Power' means a permanent member of the Security Council can say no to a proposal, stopping it from passing. This power is important because it allows these key members to block decisions they disagree with.

Exam Tip: Clearly define 'Veto Power' and then explain its significance for the permanent members of the Security Council.

Question 10. What is the main objective of the United Nations (U.N.)?
Answer: The primary goal of the United Nations (U.N.) is to encourage social, economic, cultural, and educational advancement for people, and to assist them in improving their living standards by creating job opportunities.
In simple words: The U.N. wants to help people worldwide live better lives. It works to improve their social, economic, cultural, and educational situations, and create jobs for them.

Exam Tip: When listing objectives, focus on key areas like social, economic, and cultural development, and human welfare.

Question 11. What is the main function of World Health Organization (WHO)?
Answer: The main duty of the World Health Organization (WHO) is to strive towards improving the physical and mental well-being of people around the world.
In simple words: WHO's main job is to make sure people everywhere are healthy, both physically and mentally.

Exam Tip: Remember that WHO's function covers both physical and mental health on a global scale.

Question 12. What is the main function of UNESCO?
Answer: The main purpose of UNESCO is to help promote peace and security through education, science, and culture. It aims to foster worldwide respect for justice, law, and human rights.
In simple words: UNESCO works for peace and safety by promoting education, science, and culture. It also encourages everyone to respect justice, laws, and human rights.

Exam Tip: When discussing UNESCO, highlight its focus on education, science, culture, and human rights as tools for peace.

Question 13. What is the main function of International Labour Organization (ILO)?
Answer: The main role of the ILO is to advocate for workers' rights, encourage suitable job opportunities, improve social protection, and strengthen discussions on issues related to work.
In simple words: The ILO's main role is to protect workers' rights, help people find good jobs, provide social support, and encourage talks about work-related problems.

Exam Tip: Emphasize the ILO's commitment to workers' rights, employment, social protection, and dialogue in labor matters.

Question 14. What is the main function of UNICEF?
Answer: The main responsibility of UNICEF is to offer long-term humanitarian and developmental support to children and mothers in developing countries. This helps them achieve a good quality of life, access nutritious food, and participate in child welfare programs.
In simple words: UNICEF primarily helps children and mothers in developing nations by providing aid and support to ensure they have a good life, healthy food, and access to welfare programs.

Exam Tip: Focus on UNICEF's specific target groups (children and mothers) and its dual role in humanitarian aid and development.

Question 15. What is the main function of Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO)?
Answer: The main purpose of the FAO is to make sure that people obtain a regular supply of enough and excellent quality food. It also works to promote agriculture.
In simple words: FAO's main job is to ensure everyone gets enough good quality food. It also helps to develop farming and food production.

Exam Tip: Highlight FAO's two key functions: food security for all and agricultural advancement.

Question 16. What is the main function of the World Bank (IBRD)?
Answer: The primary function of the World Bank (IBRD) is to give low-interest loans, interest-free credits, and grants to developing countries. These resources support a broad range of investments in areas like education, health, public administration, infrastructure, financial and private sector growth, agriculture, and environmental and natural resource management.
In simple words: The World Bank gives money, like loans and grants, to developing countries. This money helps them invest in many important areas such as education, health, and building new facilities.

Exam Tip: Describe the World Bank's role in providing financial assistance to developing nations and list a few key sectors it supports.

Question 17. Which principles have been given to the world by India for peace in the world?
Answer: India has offered the principles of 'Panchsheel' to the world for establishing peace.
In simple words: India gave the world the 'Panchsheel' principles, which are rules for keeping peace.

Exam Tip: Identify 'Panchsheel' as India's contribution to global peace, a core part of its foreign policy.

Question 18. What function does Economic and Social Council of United Nations do?
Answer: The Economic and Social Council of the United Nations works to enhance the economic and social conditions for the well-being of people.
In simple words: The Economic and Social Council of the UN helps improve how people live by focusing on their economic and social well-being.

Exam Tip: State that the Economic and Social Council focuses on improving human welfare through economic and social development.

Question 19. What function does the Trusteeship Council of United Nations do?
Answer: The Trusteeship Council of the United Nations assists nations in gaining independence from foreign rule.
In simple words: The Trusteeship Council helps countries that were once under foreign control to become free and govern themselves.

Exam Tip: Explain that the Trusteeship Council's main role was to supervise territories moving towards self-governance or independence.

Question 20. What function does the International Court of Justice of United Nations do?
Answer: The International Court of Justice of the United Nations resolves disputes among member nations.
In simple words: The International Court of Justice settles disagreements between different countries that are members of the UN.

Exam Tip: Remember that the International Court of Justice acts as the principal judicial organ for resolving disputes between states.

Question 21. What function does the secretariat of United Nations do?
Answer: The Secretariat of the United Nations carries out the decisions made by the various parts of the U.N.
In simple words: The Secretariat is like the U.N.'s administrative office; it makes sure that all the decisions from the different U.N. bodies are put into action.

Exam Tip: Understand that the Secretariat is responsible for the daily administrative work and implementation of U.N. policies.

Question 22. Who is the current General Secretary of the U.N.?
Answer: Ban-Ki-Moon of Korea served as the General Secretary of the U.N. since 2007. He was re-elected to the position in 2011 for a second term.
In simple words: Ban-Ki-Moon from Korea was the General Secretary of the U.N. from 2007, serving two terms after being re-elected in 2011.

Exam Tip: Be sure to know the name and nationality of the former or current Secretary-General, as these facts are often tested.

Answer the following questions:

Question 1. Which are the special bodies of United Nations (U.N.)?
Answer: The special bodies of the United Nations (U.N.) are as follows:
1. World Health Organization (WHO),
2. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO),
3. International Labour Organization (ILO),
4. United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF),
5. Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO),
6. World Bank / International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (WB/IBRD).
In simple words: The U.N. has several important groups that focus on specific areas. These include WHO for health, UNESCO for education and culture, ILO for labor rights, UNICEF for children, FAO for food and farming, and the World Bank for development funding.

Exam Tip: Memorize the full names and abbreviations of at least five key specialized agencies of the U.N.

Question 2. organ of United Nations (U.N.).
Answer: An organ of the United Nations assists the organization in achieving its objectives by carrying out particular duties. These include upholding peace, promoting human rights, or aiding in economic development. Every organ has a distinct role within the larger structure of the U.N.
In simple words: An organ of the United Nations is a main part of the UN that does specific jobs to help the organization meet its goals, like keeping peace or helping with development. Each part has its own role.

Exam Tip: Understand that U.N. organs are essential components, each with a specialized function, working together to fulfill the organization's broad mandate.

There are six main organs of United Nations (U.N.). The main function of each organ is as follows:

• General Assembly: This is the organization of countries that discuss and resolve international matters. The General Assembly of the United Nations (U.N.) can also be called the 'World Parliament'. Representatives from all member nations attend it.
• Security Council: This organ works to protect international peace and safety. The Security Council possesses immense authority to manage global peace and security. Its goal is to resolve disputes between nations peacefully, whenever possible.
• Economic and Social Council: This body strives to improve the economic and social conditions for the well-being of people worldwide.
• Trusteeship Council: It helps nations achieve freedom from foreign control.
• International Court of Justice: It assists in resolving conflicts among member nations.
• Secretariat: It implements the decisions made by the various organs of the U.N.