GSEB Class 8 Social Science Solutions Chapter 10 Following the Mahatma Part II

Answer The Following Questions:

Question 1. Why did Gandhiji launch the Dandi March ?
Answer: The British government had made salt a taxable good. Moreover, they controlled the making and selling of salt. Mahatma Gandhi and other nationalists felt it was unfair to put a tax on salt, as it is an important part of our daily food. So Gandhiji announced that he would lead a walk to break the salt rule. On 12th March, 1930, Gandhiji, along with 78 companions, began the Dandi March from Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad. This important journey became known as the 'Dandi March'.
In simple words: Gandhiji launched the Dandi March because the British government made salt expensive by taxing it and controlling its production, which was unfair since salt is a daily necessity.

Exam Tip: When explaining historical movements, always mention the core reason, key figures, and important dates for a comprehensive answer.

Question 2. Why did the Second Round Table Conference fail?
Answer: Gandhiji went to the Second Round Table Conference, held in London in 1931, as the only representative of the Indian National Congress. During this conference, a request for distinct voting groups for Dalits and other communities occurred. Since the community issues were not resolved, this conference also failed. Gandhiji came back to India feeling sad.
In simple words: The Second Round Table Conference failed because community issues, especially the demand for separate voting groups for Dalits, could not be solved, even with Gandhiji present.

Exam Tip: Understanding the key demands and unresolved issues is crucial when discussing the failure of political conferences.

Question 3. What were the proposals of the Cabinet Mission ?
Answer: The different suggestions of the Cabinet Mission were:
1. To create complete independence in the country.
2. To split the entire nation into three provinces.
3. To allow India to create its own laws.
4. Setting up a temporary government until the constitution was written.
In simple words: The Cabinet Mission suggested that India should become fully independent, be divided into three provinces, write its own constitution, and have a temporary government until that constitution was ready.

Exam Tip: List the proposals clearly and concisely. Remember to use active verbs and precise language to convey each point effectively.

Write Short Notes On The Following:

Question 1. Quit India Movement
Answer: In 1942, Gandhiji told the British to depart from India at once. He asked the people of India to adopt the idea of 'Do or Die' and to keep fighting against the British in a peaceful way. The important decision of 'Quit India' was approved on 8th August, 1942, at the Mumbai meeting of the Indian National Congress. Gandhiji and other leaders got detained on 9th August. This added new energy to the movement. Thus, the ‘Quit India' movement covered the entire nation. To control this movement, the government used harsh methods like large-scale arrests; however, they failed to halt the Indians. So the British government understood that their control over the people of India would not last. This revolution holds much significance in India's fight for freedom.
In simple words: In 1942, Gandhiji started the Quit India Movement, telling the British to leave immediately and urging Indians to 'Do or Die' through peaceful resistance. Despite harsh government actions, the movement spread widely, making the British realize their rule would end soon.

Exam Tip: For short notes, ensure you cover the date, key figure, slogan, immediate cause, spread, and significance of the movement.

Question 2. Dandi March
Answer: The British government had made salt a taxable good. Moreover, they controlled the making and selling of salt. Mahatma Gandhi and other nationalists felt it was unfair to put a tax on salt, as it is an important part of our daily food. So Gandhiji announced that he would lead a walk to break the salt rule. On 12th March, 1930, Gandhiji, along with 78 companions, began the Dandi March from Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad. Gandhiji reached Dandi on 5th April, 1930. The next day, on 6th April, he got to the Dandi shore and took a handful of salt, violating the salt rule. He stated, “With this I am weakening the base of the British Empire." Farmers, tribal people, and women took an active part in the movement. The government used harsh tactics and detained many protestors.
In simple words: The Dandi March was a peaceful protest led by Mahatma Gandhi in 1930 against the unfair British salt tax. Gandhiji and 78 companions walked from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi, where he broke the salt law by picking up salt, symbolizing India's resistance.

Exam Tip: Highlight the purpose, date, participants, route, and symbolic action of the Dandi March for a complete answer.

Choose The Appropriate Option And Circle It:

Question 1. Which incident occurred during the Civil Disobedience Movement ?
(a) Establishment of National Universities
(b) Dandi March
(c) Jallianwala Baugh Massacre
(d) Bardoli Satyagraha
Answer: (b) Dandi March
In simple words: The Dandi March was a key event that happened as part of the Civil Disobedience Movement, which was a big protest against British rules.

Exam Tip: Connect major events with the broader movements they belong to, such as the Dandi March with the Civil Disobedience Movement.

Question 2. Where were the Round Table Conferences held ?
(a) Delhi
(b) Mumbai
(c) London
(d) Lahore
Answer: (c) London
In simple words: The Round Table Conferences, where British and Indian leaders met to discuss India's future, took place in London.

Exam Tip: Remember the specific locations of significant historical meetings as they are often tested.

Question 3. Who was selected as the first Individual Satyagrahi by Gandhiji?
(a) Vinoba Bhave
(b) Sardar Patel
(c) Jawaharlal Nehru
(d) Maulana Azad
Answer: (a) Vinoba Bhave
In simple words: Gandhiji chose Vinoba Bhave to be the very first person to do Individual Satyagraha, a special kind of peaceful protest where one person stands up against injustice.

Exam Tip: Learn the names of key figures associated with specific roles or movements, like the first Individual Satyagrahi.

Question 4. In which movement was the slogan of 'Do or Die' given by Gandhiji ?
(a) Non-cooperation
(b) Dandi March
(c) Champaran Satyagraha
(d) Quit India Movement
Answer: (d) Quit India Movement
In simple words: The famous slogan 'Do or Die' was used by Gandhiji during the Quit India Movement, which was a strong call for complete independence from British rule.

Exam Tip: Associate famous slogans with their respective historical movements and leaders to answer such questions accurately.

Question 1. Answer the following questions based on the Dandi March map:
(i) Write the names of the places on the route of Dandi March with the help of the given map.
(ii) What is the distance between Ahmedabad to Dandi? Decide the scale and write.
(iii) Across which districts did the Dandi March pass ?
(iv) Which are the centres of salt industry in Gujarat ?
(v) In how many days did Gandhiji and his companions reach Dandi ?
(vi) How many kilometres must they have walked per day ?
Answer:
(i) Some prominent places on the Dandi March route include Sabarmati Ashram, Aslali, Navagam, Barejadi, Anand, Borsad, Ras, Kareli, Ankhi, Jambusar, Amod, Samni, Bhalod, Bhatgam, Surat, and Dandi.
(ii) The approximate distance from Ahmedabad to Dandi is around 385 kilometers. The exact scale cannot be decided without a specific scale provided on the map.
(iii) The Dandi March passed through districts such as Kheda, Anand, Vadodara, Bharuch, Surat, and Navsari.
(iv) Dandi and other coastal areas of Gujarat were known centers of the salt industry.
(v) Gandhiji and his companions reached Dandi in 24 days, starting on March 12 and arriving on April 5, 1930.
(vi) They walked approximately 16 kilometers per day (385 km divided by 24 days).
In simple words: The Dandi March started from Sabarmati Ashram, covered about 385 km through several districts, and ended in Dandi in 24 days, with participants walking around 16 km daily. Dandi was a salt center.

Exam Tip: For map-based questions, identify key geographical features, routes, and associated historical facts. For calculations, show your working and state assumptions if a scale is missing.

GSEB Class 8 Social Science Following The Mahatma – Part II Additional Important Questions And Answers

Choose The Correct Alternative From Those Given Below Each Question:

Question 1. Which movement was started to break the unjust laws of the government?
(a) Non-cooperation Movement
(b) Khilafat Movement
(c) The Champaran Movement
(d) Civil Disobedience Movement
Answer: (d) Civil Disobedience Movement
In simple words: The Civil Disobedience Movement was started to go against the unfair rules and regulations made by the government.

Exam Tip: Understand the primary aim of each movement. The Civil Disobedience Movement specifically targeted breaking unjust laws peacefully.

Question 2. What did Gandhiji declare in 1930 ?
(a) That he would undertake a march to break the salt law.
(b) That he would start a Satyagraha by going into the indigo fields.
(c) That he would remain present for the First Round Table Conference.
(d) That he would undertake the leadership of the Dharasana Satyagraha.
Answer: (a) That he would undertake a march to break the salt law.
In simple words: In 1930, Gandhiji announced that he would begin a march to oppose the salt rule, which led to the famous Dandi March.

Exam Tip: Pay close attention to dates and specific declarations made by leaders to correctly identify events.

Question 3. Who started the Dandi March ?
(a) Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
(c) Mahatma Gandhiji
(d) Sarojini Naidu
Answer: (c) Mahatma Gandhiji
In simple words: Mahatma Gandhiji was the leader who began the Dandi March, a significant event in India's struggle for independence.

Exam Tip: Key historical events are often associated with specific leaders; ensure you remember these connections.

Question 4. From where did Gandhiji start the Dandi March ?
(a) From Sabarmati Ashram
(b) From Kochrab Ashram, Paldi
(c) From Pavnar Ashram, Vardha
(d) From Sanyas Ashram, Ellisbridge
Answer: (a) From Sabarmati Ashram
In simple words: Gandhiji commenced the Dandi March from Sabarmati Ashram, a place closely linked with his activities in Ahmedabad.

Exam Tip: Specific starting points for important marches or movements are essential details to recall for exam questions.

Question 5. How many Satyagrahis joined the Dandi March ?
(a) 82
(b) 78
(c) 62
(d) 92
Answer: (b) 78
In simple words: A total of 78 followers, called Satyagrahis, participated in the Dandi March alongside Gandhiji.

Exam Tip: Numerical facts like the number of participants or days are specific details that are often asked in multiple-choice questions.

Question 6. When did the Dandi March start ?
(a) On 12th March, 1932
(b) On 6th April, 1930
(c) On 12th March, 1930
(d) On 12th March, 1931
Answer: (c) On 12th March, 1930
In simple words: The Dandi March began on the twelfth day of March in the year 1930.

Exam Tip: Precise dates for major historical events are crucial. Remember both the day, month, and year.

Question 7. When did Gandhiji break the salt law ?
(a) On 5th April, 1930
(b) On 6th April, 1930
(c) On 6th April, 1942
(d) On 12th March, 1930
Answer: (b) On 6th April, 1930
In simple words: Gandhiji violated the salt rule on the sixth day of April in 1930, marking the end of the Dandi March.

Exam Tip: Distinguish between the start date of a movement and the date a significant action within that movement occurred.

Question 8. Which Round Table Conference did Gandhiji attend ?
(a) First
(b) Second
(c) Third
(d) Fourth
Answer: (b) Second
In simple words: Gandhiji participated in the Second Round Table Conference, which was held in London to discuss India's constitutional future.

Exam Tip: Knowing which specific conferences or meetings a leader attended helps in chronological understanding of history.

Question 9. Gandhiji was disappointed with the Second Round Table Conference because ...
(a) The representatives of every community were demanding a separate region for themselves.
(b) The representatives of every community were demanding a separate electorate for themselves.
(c) The representatives of every community were demanding separate laws for themselves.
(d) The representatives of every community were demanding majority of jobs for themselves.
Answer: (b) The representatives of every community were demanding a separate electorate for themselves.
In simple words: Gandhiji was unhappy about the Second Round Table Conference because delegates from each group were asking for distinct voting systems, which he believed would further divide India.

Exam Tip: Understanding the underlying causes of disappointment or failure in historical events often relates to unresolved political or social demands.

Question 10. When was the Government of India Act implemented ?
(a) In 1931
(b) In 1932
(c) In 1939
(d) In 1935
Answer: (d) In 1935
In simple words: The Government of India Act, which introduced significant constitutional reforms, was put into effect in 1935.

Exam Tip: Exact years for major acts and legislations are important historical facts to memorize.

Question 11. In 1939 the Congress committees resigned because ...
(a) British Government had given special powers to regional governors.
(b) British Government had encouraged the wrong elements of various classes and communities.
(c) The National Congress workers were thrown into prisons.
(d) The British government declared that India would be a part of war without first consulting the Federal Legislature.
Answer: (d) The British government declared that India would be a part of war without first consulting the Federal Legislature.
In simple words: The Congress groups stepped down in 1939 because the British government announced India's involvement in World War II without asking the elected Indian representatives first.

Exam Tip: Focus on the direct cause-and-effect relationships in historical events. Congress's resignation was a direct protest against being drawn into war without consultation.

Question 12. During which session did the Muslim League pass the resolution of demanding Pakistan as a separate nation ?
(a) During the Patna session held in March, 1939.
(b) During the Lahore session held in March, 1940.
(c) During the Cuttack session held in March, 1942.
(d) During the Lahore session held in December, 1940.
Answer: (b) During the Lahore session held in March, 1940.
In simple words: The Muslim League approved the decision to ask for Pakistan as a separate nation during its Lahore session in March 1940.

Exam Tip: Remember the specific session (e.g., Lahore session) and date where major political resolutions were passed.

Question 13. Gandhiji decided to start Individual Satyagraha because ...
(a) He had no faith in mass Satyagraha.
(b) He wished to increase England's difficulties during the time of World War.
(c) He had found a creative worker in the form of Vinoba Bhave.
(d) He did not wish to embarrass the British during wartimes.
Answer: (d) He did not wish to embarrass the British during wartimes.
In simple words: Gandhiji chose to begin Individual Satyagraha because he did not want to trouble the British government too much while they were busy fighting World War II.

Exam Tip: Understand the rationale behind Gandhiji's decisions, especially his moral stance on not exploiting Britain's wartime vulnerability.

Question 14. When did Vinoba Bhave start the Individual Satyagraha ?
(a) In 1931
(b) In 1940
(c) In 1939
(d) In 1935
Answer: (b) In 1940
In simple words: Vinoba Bhave commenced his Individual Satyagraha campaign in the year 1940.

Exam Tip: Be precise with dates for the start of important movements and campaigns initiated by key figures.

Question 15. When was Vinoba Bhave arrested after he started the Individual Satyagraha?
(a) On the fifth day
(b) On the fourth day
(c) On the sixth day
(d) On the seventh day
Answer: (a) On the fifth day
In simple words: Vinoba Bhave was detained on the fifth day after he began his Individual Satyagraha, showing the quick response of the authorities.

Exam Tip: Remember specific details, such as the duration or timing of arrests, for key figures in historical movements.

Question 16. When was the historical resolution of ‘Quit India' passed ?
(a) At night on 8th August, 1941
(b) During the day on 8th April, 1942
(c) At night on 8th August, 1942
(d) During the day on 30th November, 1942
Answer: (c) At night on 8th August, 1942
In simple words: The important decision for the ‘Quit India' movement was approved at night on August 8, 1942.

Exam Tip: Distinguish between different dates associated with a movement, such as when a resolution was passed versus when arrests occurred.

Question 17. Which British Prime Minister declared that India will be given complete freedom?
(a) Ramsay McDonald
(b) Clement Atlee
(c) Lord Linlithgow
(d) Winston Churchill
Answer: (b) Clement Atlee
In simple words: Clement Atlee, the British Prime Minister, announced that India would be granted full independence.

Exam Tip: Identify the specific British leaders responsible for key declarations or policies regarding India's independence.

Question 18. In which year did the Cabinet Mission come to India ?
(a) In 1943
(b) In 1946
(c) In 1944
(d) In 1945
Answer: (b) In 1946
In simple words: The Cabinet Mission, a group of British ministers, arrived in India in the year 1946 to discuss the transfer of power.

Exam Tip: Remember the year of arrival for significant missions that shaped India's path to independence.

Question 19. This was not one of the proposals put forth by the Cabinet Mission Plan
(a) To establish a single rule in the whole country.
(b) To divide the whole country into three provinces.
(c) Formation of an interim or provisional government till the constitution was framed.
(d) To allow the nation to frame its own constitution.
Answer: (a) To establish a single rule in the whole country.
In simple words: Establishing one government over the entire country was not among the suggestions made by the Cabinet Mission Plan.

Exam Tip: Be careful with 'not' questions. Understand all the actual proposals of the Cabinet Mission to identify the one that was not included.

Question 20. Who was the Prime Minister of the interim government ?
(a) Gandhiji
(b) Mohammad Ali Jinnah
(c) Vallabhbhai Patel
(d) Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru
Answer: (d) Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru
In simple words: Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru was the head of the temporary government formed before India gained full independence.

Exam Tip: Identify key roles held by prominent leaders during the transition period, such as the Prime Minister of the interim government.

Question 21. When did the Muslim League observe the ‘Direct Action Day' ?
(a) On 2nd August, 1945
(b) On 13th August, 1947
(c) On 16th August, 1946
(d) On 31st December, 1946
Answer: (c) On 16th August, 1946
In simple words: The Muslim League marked ‘Direct Action Day' on the sixteenth day of August in the year 1946.

Exam Tip: Remember significant dates related to communal politics and the partition of India, like 'Direct Action Day'.

Fill In The Blanks With Proper Words Or Numbers In The Following Statements:

Question 1. In 1930 Gandhiji declared that he would undertake a march to break the unjust ___________.
Answer: salt law
In simple words: Gandhiji announced he would march to oppose the unfair salt law.

Exam Tip: For fill-in-the-blanks, recall the specific terms and phrases used in historical declarations.

Question 2. Gandhiji started the Dandi March from ___________ Ashram in Ahmedabad.
Answer: Sabarmati
In simple words: The Dandi March began from Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad.

Exam Tip: Memorize the specific locations associated with the start of important historical events.

Question 3. Gandhiji started the Dandi March on 12th March, ___________.
Answer: 1930
In simple words: Gandhiji began the Dandi March on March 12, 1930.

Exam Tip: Knowing the exact year for key events is vital for fill-in-the-blank questions.

Question 4. Gandhiji broke the salt law on ___________, 1930.
Answer: 6th April
In simple words: Gandhiji violated the salt rule on April 6, 1930.

Exam Tip: Distinguish between the start date of the march and the date the salt law was broken.

Question 5. The British Government organized the First Round Table Conference in ___________ city.
Answer: London
In simple words: The British Government held the First Round Table Conference in the city of London.

Exam Tip: Always remember the location of significant historical conferences.

Question 6. Gandhiji attended the ___________ Round Table Conference.
Answer: Second
In simple words: Gandhiji was present at the Second Round Table Conference.

Exam Tip: Recall which specific Round Table Conference Gandhiji chose to attend.

Question 7. With the help of the Government of India Act, 1935 the ___________ phase of constitutional amendment started in India.
Answer: second
In simple words: The second phase of constitutional changes began in India due to the Government of India Act, 1935.

Exam Tip: Understand the different phases or stages of constitutional development and their corresponding acts.

Question 8. According to ___________ the real provincial Swaraj of 1935 in relation to administration was given to the governors.
Answer: Dr Rajendra Prasad
In simple words: As per Dr. Rajendra Prasad, true regional self-rule for governance was granted to the governors in 1935.

Exam Tip: Attribute quotes or specific interpretations to the correct historical figures.

Question 9. The 2nd World War started in ___________.
Answer: 1939
In simple words: The Second World War began in the year 1939.

Exam Tip: Key global historical dates are often relevant to national history, so know them well.

Question 10. Muslim leaders ___________ and ___________ propagated the division of India into two separate nations.
Answer: Mohammad Iqbal, Choudhary Rehmat Ali
In simple words: Mohammad Iqbal and Choudhary Rehmat Ali promoted the splitting of India into two countries.

Exam Tip: Identify the specific individuals who were instrumental in advocating for the partition of India.

Question 11. The resolution to demand Pakistan was passed during the ___________ session which met in March, 1940.
Answer: Muslim League
In simple words: The decision to ask for Pakistan was approved during the Muslim League session in March 1940.

Exam Tip: Connect specific resolutions to the political party and session where they were adopted.

Question 12. After the conference held at Lahore in March 1940, the formation of ___________ became the main objective of the Muslim League.
Answer: Pakistan
In simple words: Following the Lahore conference in March 1940, creating Pakistan turned into the chief aim of the Muslim League.

Exam Tip: Understand the long-term objectives that political parties adopted after key conferences.

Question 13. Gandhiji selected ___________ as an Individual Satyagrahi.
Answer: Vinoba Bhave
In simple words: Gandhiji chose Vinoba Bhave to be the first Individual Satyagrahi.

Exam Tip: Remember the name of the first person selected for significant roles in national movements.

Question 14. Vinoba Bhave started his Individual Satyagraha by giving ___________ speeches.
Answer: anti-war
In simple words: Vinoba Bhave began his Individual Satyagraha by delivering talks against the war.

Exam Tip: Recall the specific methods or themes used by leaders to initiate movements.

Question 15. Gandhiji ordered the people of India to follow the principle of '___________' and to continue the non-violent struggle against the British.
Answer: Do or Die
In simple words: Gandhiji told the public to adopt the idea of 'Do or Die' and to keep up the peaceful fight against the British.

Exam Tip: Familiarize yourself with the famous slogans associated with major freedom movements.

Question 16. The historical resolution of '___________' was passed on 8th August, 1942, during the meeting of the Indian National Congress at Mumbai.
Answer: Quit India
In simple words: The important decision for 'Quit India' was approved on August 8, 1942, at the Indian National Congress gathering in Mumbai.

Exam Tip: Identify the specific resolution passed during significant sessions of the Indian National Congress.

Question 17. ___________ became the Prime Minister of England after 2nd World War.
Answer: Atlee
In simple words: Clement Atlee was appointed the Prime Minister of England after the Second World War.

Exam Tip: Remember the names of world leaders who came to power during critical historical junctures.

Question 18. British Prime Minister Atlee made an announcement of giving India ___________.
Answer: Purna Swaraj (Complete freedom / Independence)
In simple words: British Prime Minister Atlee declared that India would be granted Purna Swaraj, meaning full independence.

Exam Tip: Focus on the exact terms used in declarations, especially those related to independence or self-rule.

Question 19. In 1946 a ___________-member commission of the British Council of Ministers came to India.
Answer: three
In simple words: In 1946, a three-member committee from the British Council of Ministers arrived in India.

Exam Tip: Numerical details, like the number of members in a commission, are important for factual accuracy.

Question 20. The plan put forth by the 3-member commission of the British Council of Ministers is known as the '___________'.
Answer: Cabinet Mission Plan
In simple words: The proposal presented by the three-member British commission is called the Cabinet Mission Plan.

Exam Tip: Connect the commission to the plan they proposed, understanding its specific name and purpose.

Question 21. ___________ was the Prime Minister of the interim government.
Answer: Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru
In simple words: Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru was the head of the temporary government.

Exam Tip: Identify the key leader who held the position of Prime Minister in the interim government.

Question 22. British Prime Minister Atlee announced that the British Government would leave India by June ___________.
Answer: 1948
In simple words: British Prime Minister Atlee declared that the British Government would depart from India by June 1948.

Exam Tip: Remember specific deadlines or timelines announced for the transfer of power or independence.

State Whether The Following Statements Are True Or False:

Question 1. Gandhiji started the Dandi March on 31st March, 1930.
Answer: False
In simple words: This statement is false because the Dandi March actually began on March 12, 1930, not March 31.

Exam Tip: For true/false questions, verify specific dates mentioned against your historical knowledge.

Question 2. Due to the absence of the Congress, the First Round Table Conference that met in London was unsuccessful.
Answer: True
In simple words: This statement is true; the First Round Table Conference failed because the Indian National Congress did not attend it.

Exam Tip: Understand the reasons for the success or failure of historical events, especially the participation of key political groups.

Question 3. Elections were held in the country, according to the Government of India Act of 1940.
Answer: False
In simple words: This statement is false because elections were conducted as per the Government of India Act of 1935, not 1940.

Exam Tip: Be precise about the years of significant acts and their provisions to avoid common errors.

Question 4. After March 1940, the Muslim League made the formation of Pakistan their main goal.
Answer: True
In simple words: This statement is true; after March 1940, creating Pakistan became the Muslim League's chief aim.

Exam Tip: Recognize the turning points in political party objectives, such as the Muslim League's shift after 1940.

Question 5. During the 2nd World War, Gandhiji started Group Satyagrahas.
Answer: False
In simple words: This statement is false because Gandhiji initiated Individual Satyagraha, not Group Satyagrahas, during World War II.

Exam Tip: Distinguish between different forms of Satyagraha and when each was employed by Gandhiji.

Question 6. Gandhiji selected Kasturba Gandhi for the first Individual Satyagrah.
Answer: False
In simple words: This statement is false; Gandhiji chose Vinoba Bhave as the first Individual Satyagrahi, not Kasturba Gandhi.

Exam Tip: Accurately recall the names of individuals chosen for specific, pioneering roles in movements.

Question 7. After the 2nd World War, Gandhiji warned the British to leave India immediately.
Answer: True
In simple words: This statement is true; Gandhiji told the British to depart from India at once following the Second World War.

Exam Tip: Remember Gandhiji's strong calls for immediate British withdrawal after major global conflicts.

Match the pairs correctly:

Answer: (1 – 4), (2 – 1), (3 – 5), (4 – 3).
In simple words: The Dandi March is linked to Mahatma Gandhi. Individual Satyagraha is linked to Vinoba Bhave. The Prime Minister of England after World War II was Clement Atlee. The Prime Minister of the Interim Government was Jawaharial Nehru.

Exam Tip: For matching pairs, carefully connect each item from Column A with its correct counterpart in Column B. Review historical figures and their key contributions.

Answer the following questions in one or two sentences:

Question 1. What rights did the Indian National Congress that met in Ahmedabad authorize Gandhiji with?
Answer: The Indian National Congress, meeting in Ahmedabad, gave Gandhiji all the power to start the Civil Disobedience Movement to achieve Swaraj (freedom).
In simple words: The Congress in Ahmedabad gave Gandhi the power to begin the Civil Disobedience Movement for India's freedom.

Exam Tip: Remember to name the specific movement (Civil Disobedience) and its goal (Swaraj or freedom) when answering questions about Gandhiji's authority.

Question 2. Why was Gandhiji ready to undertake a march to break the salt law? OR Why did Gandhiji march to Dandi? OR Give reason : Gandhiji marched to Dandi.
Answer: The British government had made salt a taxable item and also held a monopoly on its production and trade. Mahatma Gandhi and other nationalist leaders believed it was unfair to tax salt because it is a very important part of our daily food. Therefore, Gandhiji declared that he would conduct a march to break this salt law.
In simple words: Gandhiji marched to Dandi because the British government unfairly taxed salt and controlled its production, which he felt was unjust since salt is a basic need.

Exam Tip: When explaining Gandhiji's actions, always mention both the British government's policy (tax on salt, monopoly) and the nationalist's sentiment (unjust, essential commodity).

Question 3. Who started the Dandi march ? From where and when was it started?
Answer: On 12th March, 1930, Gandhiji, along with 78 companions, started the Dandi March from Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad. This historical march became well-known as the 'Dandi March'.
In simple words: Gandhiji started the Dandi March on March 12, 1930, from Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad with 78 helpers.

Exam Tip: Include the exact date (March 12, 1930), starting point (Sabarmati Ashram, Ahmedabad), and the number of companions (78) for a complete answer.

Question 4. Why did the British government convene Round Table Conferences? OR Give reason: The British government convened Round Table Conferences.
Answer: The British government arranged Round Table Conferences in London to talk about the constitutional changes needed for India.
In simple words: The British held Round Table Conferences to discuss how to change India's constitution.

Exam Tip: Clearly state the purpose (discuss constitutional changes) and location (London) of the Round Table Conferences.

Question 5. Why was the First Round Table Conference unsuccessful ?
Answer: The First Round Table Conference, which happened in London, was boycotted by the Indian National Congress as there were no representatives from the Indian National Congress present. Thus, the First Round Table Conference failed to achieve its goals.
In simple words: The first Round Table Conference failed because the Indian National Congress did not attend it.

Exam Tip: The key reason for the failure of the First Round Table Conference was the absence of the Indian National Congress.

Question 6. Why did various Congress committees resign in 1939 ? OR Give reason: Various Congress committees resigned in 1939.
Answer: When the Second World War began in 1939, the British government declared that India would be a part of it without asking the Federal Legislature first. The leaders of many committees left their positions to show their disagreement.
In simple words: Congress committees resigned in 1939 because the British involved India in World War II without consulting the Federal Legislature.

Exam Tip: The main cause for the resignations was the unilateral decision by the British to involve India in World War II without Indian consent.

Question 7. Who were the first to propagate the theory of Pakistan ?
Answer: Mohammad Iqbal and Choudhary Rehmat Ali were the Muslim leaders who first proposed the idea that Hindus and Muslims should form two separate nations: India and Pakistan.
In simple words: Mohammad Iqbal and Choudhary Rehmat Ali were the first Muslim leaders to suggest the idea of Pakistan as a separate nation for Muslims and Hindus.

Exam Tip: Name both individuals clearly and mention their role in propagating the two-nation theory.

Question 8. When and where was the resolution to demand Pakistan passed?
Answer: The resolution calling for Pakistan was passed during the Muslim League session held at Lahore in March, 1940.
In simple words: The demand for Pakistan was officially made at the Muslim League meeting in Lahore in March 1940.

Exam Tip: Provide the exact month and year (March 1940) and the location (Lahore) for a precise answer.

Question 9. When did the Muslim League make the formation of Pakistan its main objective?
Answer: The resolution demanding Pakistan was passed in the Muslim League session held at Lahore in March, 1940. After that, forming Pakistan became the Muslim League's main goal.
In simple words: After the Lahore session in March 1940, where the Pakistan resolution was passed, the Muslim League focused on creating Pakistan.

Exam Tip: Connect the Lahore session of March 1940 directly with the Muslim League's adoption of Pakistan as its primary objective.

Question 10. Why did Gandhiji start Individual Satyagraha? OR Give reason : Gandhiji started Individual Satyagraha.
Answer: During World War II, Gandhiji started Individual Satyagraha instead of Mass Satyagraha because he did not want to put the British government in a difficult situation during wartime.
In simple words: Gandhiji chose Individual Satyagraha during World War II to avoid embarrassing the British government in a time of war.

Exam Tip: Highlight the context of World War II and Gandhiji's strategic decision not to cause undue difficulty for the British at that specific time.

Question 11. Whom did Gandhiji select as the first individual Satyagrahi ?
Answer: Gandhiji chose Vinoba Bhave as the first individual Satyagrahi.
In simple words: Vinoba Bhave was chosen by Gandhiji to be the first individual Satyagrahi.

Exam Tip: This is a direct factual question, so ensure the name "Vinoba Bhave" is spelled correctly.

Question 12. How did Vinoba Bhave start his individual Satyagraha ?
Answer: Vinoba Bhave started his individual Satyagraha by giving an anti-war speech.
In simple words: Vinoba Bhave began his Individual Satyagraha by delivering a speech against the war.

Exam Tip: The method chosen by Vinoba Bhave was a speech, which is a key detail for this question.

Question 13. What did Gandhiji ask the British to do in 1942 ?
Answer: In 1942, Gandhiji told the British that they should leave India right away.
In simple words: In 1942, Gandhiji demanded that the British leave India at once.

Exam Tip: The year 1942 is crucial, linking this question to the 'Quit India' context and Gandhiji's direct demand.

Question 14. What did Gandhiji ask the people of India to do in 1942?
Answer: Gandhiji asked the people of India to follow the principle of 'Do or Die' and to keep fighting against the British in a non-violent way.
In simple words: In 1942, Gandhiji urged Indians to 'Do or Die' and continue their peaceful fight against the British.

Exam Tip: Mention the slogan 'Do or Die' and the method 'non-violent struggle' as both are vital components of Gandhiji's appeal.

Question 15. When and where was the historical resolution of 'Quit India' passed?
Answer: The historical resolution of 'Quit India' was approved on 8th August, 1942, during the Mumbai session of the Indian National Congress.
In simple words: The 'Quit India' resolution was passed on August 8, 1942, at the Indian National Congress meeting in Mumbai.

Exam Tip: State the exact date (8th August, 1942) and location (Mumbai session) for full credit.

Question 16. When and why did the British Prime Minister Atlee send the Cabinet Mission to India?
Answer: The Prime Minister of Britain, Mr. Clement Atlee, sent a Cabinet Mission to India in 1946. This mission aimed to discuss and plan for the transfer of power from the British to Indian leaders, thereby giving India full independence (Purna Swaraj).
In simple words: British Prime Minister Clement Atlee sent the Cabinet Mission to India in 1946 to discuss and plan how to transfer power and give India complete freedom.

Exam Tip: Specify the year (1946) and the dual purpose of the mission: discussing power transfer and planning for complete independence.

Question 17. What announcement did the British Prime Minister Atlee make on 20th February, 1947 ?
Answer: On 20th February, 1947, the British Prime Minister announced that powers would be given to India by June 1948 at the latest.
In simple words: On February 20, 1947, British Prime Minister Atlee announced that India would get its power transferred by June 1948.

Exam Tip: Note the specific date of the announcement (20th February, 1947) and the deadline for power transfer (June 1948).

Question 18. What was the effect of British Prime Minister Atlee's announcement of leaving India on the people and national leaders of India?
Answer: The excitement of Indian leaders and ordinary people knew no limits. Gandhiji welcomed this decision by the British, saying it was their best choice.
In simple words: Indians and their leaders were very happy about Atlee's announcement, and Gandhiji praised it as a good decision.

Exam Tip: Focus on the positive reaction: increased enthusiasm among people and leaders, and Gandhiji's approval.

Answer the following questions in brief:

Question 1. When and why did the Muslim League declare the 'Direct Action Day' ? What was its result ?
Answer: The Congress gained a majority in the subsequent elections, and Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru became the Prime Minister of the interim government formed at the center during this period. The Muslim League became annoyed by the poor response to their demands. As a result, they declared 16th August, 1946, as 'Direct Action Day'. This led to communal tension throughout the country, and many areas experienced communal riots.
In simple words: The Muslim League declared 'Direct Action Day' on August 16, 1946, because they were unhappy with the Congress winning the elections and their demands not being met. This caused widespread communal riots and tension.

Exam Tip: Clearly explain the cause (Muslim League's dissatisfaction with election results and unmet demands), the date (August 16, 1946), and the major consequence (communal riots and tension).