GSEB Class 7 Social Science Solutions Chapter 8 Medieval Architecture

Give information about the places given below.

 

Question 1. Somnath
Answer: The Somnath Temple is located in Prabhas Pallan, near Veraval in Junagadh, Saurashtra, on Gujarat's western coast. It is one of Lord Shiva's twelve Jyotirlinga shrines. This temple was once one of Shaivism's most important pilgrimage centers.
In simple words: The Somnath Temple is a very old and important Shiva temple on Gujarat's west coast, famous as one of the twelve Jyotirlinga shrines.

Exam Tip: When describing a place, always mention its location, significance (religious, historical, architectural), and any unique features.

 

Question 2. Dwarka
Answer: Dwarka is situated in the Jamnagar district, close to Gujarat's coast, on the Gomati river's northern banks. Built in the 13th century, the temple became part of the Char Dham pilgrimage, which Hindus consider very sacred in India. It has Lord Krishna's four-armed deity within the Garbhagruh (inner sanctum) and a 'Mahamandapa' (a large prayer hall). One must climb 80 steps to enter this temple. Its Shikhar rises to six stories. The Mandapa is a five-storied structure built on sixty pillars. The temple features rich carvings on its outer walls, but the interiors are relatively plain. There is a 'Matha' of Shrimad Shankaracharya near the temple. Adi Shankaracharya, the 8th-century reformer and philosopher, had set up 'Mathas' in all four corners of India, and the Dwarkadhish Temple is one of the Shardapith set up by him. Currently, only the old temple site is visible. The new temple's construction was completed by 1951.
In simple words: Dwarka is a famous temple in Gujarat on the Gomati river, dedicated to Lord Krishna. It's an old temple from the 13th century, part of the Char Dham pilgrimage, known for its many steps and grand structure.

Exam Tip: Remember to include details like the deity, construction period, key architectural elements (Shikhar, Mandapa), and historical figures associated with such important temples.

 

Question 3. Rudra Mahalaya
Answer: Rudra Mahalaya is a historical monument, found in Siddhpur in Patan district, in northern Gujarat. This grand temple, dedicated to Lord Shiva and called the 'Rudra Mahalaya,' was initially built by Mulraj Solanki and then finished by Shri Siddhraj Jaysinh, who was the ruler of Patan at that time. The temple was an amazing architectural marvel with a three-storied 'shikhara,' 1600 pillars, 12 entry doors, a central 'mandapa,' and porches on the east, north, and south sides, with a sanctum in the west. Around the temple, there were 11 shrines for Rudra. The eastern gate was decorated with a beautifully carved 'Taran,' with a set of steps leading to the Saraswati River. The temple's decoration was very rich, as seen by the complex and detailed carvings on the pillars and the beautiful Toran, which are the only remaining parts of the temple today.
In simple words: The Rudra Mahalaya is a historic Shiva temple in Siddhpur, Gujarat. It was started by Mulraj Solanki and finished by Siddhraj Jaysinh. The temple was architecturally grand with many pillars, shrines, and beautiful carvings, though only parts of it remain now.

Exam Tip: When describing historical structures, always mention the rulers who commissioned or completed them, their location, and unique architectural elements like shikhara, mandapa, and carvings.

 

Question 4. Sidi Sayyed Jail
Answer: The Sidi Saiyyed Mosque is one of Ahmedabad's most well-known mosques, located near Lal Darwaja. It was built by Sidi Saeed or Sidi Saiyyed, a general in the Gujarat Sultanate's last Sultan Shams-ud-Din Muzaffar Shah III's army. The mosque is entirely arcaded and is famous for its beautifully carved stone latticework windows (jalis) on the side and back arches. The back wall is filled with square stone pierced panels featuring geometric designs. The two bays flanking the main aisle have stone slabs carved with designs of intertwined trees, foliage, and a palm motif.
In simple words: The Sidi Saiyyed Mosque in Ahmedabad is famous for its beautiful stone window carvings, called jalis, and was built by a general during the Gujarat Sultanate.

Exam Tip: When describing mosques or similar structures, focus on the unique architectural features (like jalis), the builder, and the location. Mention the geometric and natural motifs if present.

 

Question 5. Fatehpur Sikh
Answer: After his military successes over Chittor and Ranthambore, Akbar chose to move his capital from Agra to a new spot on the Sikri ridge, to honor the Sufi saint Salim. He constructed a planned walled city and built many royal palaces, courts, a mosque, private quarters, and other utility structures. He named the city Fatehabad, with Fateh meaning 'victorious.' It was later called Fatehpur Sikri. Fatehpur Sikri is one of India's best-preserved collections of Mughal architecture.
In simple words: Emperor Akbar built Fatehpur Sikri as his new capital after military wins, naming it Fatehabad to mean 'victorious'. It is now a well-preserved example of Mughal architecture, built to honor Sufi saint Salim.

Exam Tip: When discussing historical cities, highlight the ruler who founded it, the reason for its establishment, and its significance in terms of architectural style or preservation.

 

Question 6. Red Fort
Answer: The Red Fort was constructed as the fortified family palace of Shahjahanabad, which was the capital of the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan. The Red Fort is considered to represent the peak of Mughal creativity under Shah Jahan and includes other significant structures like the Diwan-e-Aam, Diwan-e-Khas, Moti Masjid, Hayat Bakhsh Bagh, and Rang Mahal.
In simple words: The Red Fort was built by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan as his family palace in Shahjahanabad, showcasing the best of Mughal design and containing famous buildings like Diwan-e-Aam.

Exam Tip: For iconic monuments like the Red Fort, remember to include the builder, the city it was built for, and some of its most important internal structures.

 

Question 7. Taj Mahal
Answer: The Taj Mahal is a white marble mausoleum situated in Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India. Mughal emperor Shah Jahan built it to remember his third wife, Mumtaz Mahal. The Taj Mahal is seen as the finest example of Mughal architecture and is considered one of the Seven Wonders of the World. The Taj Mahal is widely known as the jewel of Muslim art in India and one of the world's universally admired masterpieces. Masons, stonecutters, inlayers, carvers, painters, calligraphers, dome-builders, and other skilled workers were brought from across the empire to work on its construction. The white marble has been polished to highlight the exquisite details of the carvings, and the archways have been inlaid with semi-precious stones. Architecture was a symbol of power. Many foreigners came to India and created architectural styles that reflected their original and new homes. As a result, many artists got a chance to show their talent and skill. Therefore, their need for fame and recognition was met, and they also earned a good living. People, regardless of the era, benefited from such grand structures. Thus, we should be thankful to rulers and emperors who, in their desire for creative excellence, motivated and inspired their subjects, generated income, and indirectly helped society.
In simple words: The Taj Mahal in Agra is a beautiful white marble tomb built by Emperor Shah Jahan for his wife, Mumtaz Mahal. It's a world wonder and a top example of Mughal art, known for its intricate details and the many skilled workers who built it.

Exam Tip: When describing the Taj Mahal, ensure to mention its location, builder, purpose, material, architectural significance, and its status as a world wonder. Also, touch upon the craftsmanship involved.

 

Things to know

 

The town of Dwarka is situated on the banks of river Gomti, which is to the western coast of Gujarat. Set up by Lord Shri Krishna, it is dedicated to Lord Krishna, who is worshipped here by the name of Dwarkadhish, or 'King of Dwarka'. The Dwarkadhish temple is also known as the Jagat Mandir (World Temple).

Exam Tip: Understand the historical significance and alternative names of key locations. Knowing Dwarka's connection to Lord Krishna and its location is crucial.

 

Think: Today there are roads to reach Badrinath, Kedarnath, Gangotri, Jamnotri etc. How did the people of old times go to such places?
Answer: In olden times, people traveled by carts, on foot, or by horses. If horses were not available, bullock carts were very commonly used back then.
In simple words: In the past, people reached these places using carts, walking, or riding horses, with bullock carts being a common way to travel.

Exam Tip: When thinking about historical travel, consider the primary modes of transport available before modern infrastructure, such as animal-drawn carts and walking.

 

On the basis of the following itinerary, plan a tour for your school. (Use the map of
Answer:

In simple words: This table shows a possible school trip itinerary, listing different routes, distances, where to stay overnight, and how many days each stop takes.

Exam Tip: When given an itinerary, ensure all columns are correctly filled and calculations for total days/nights are accurate.

 

GSEB Class 7 Social Science Medieval Architecture Additional Questions and Answers

 

Question 1. Explain what is architecture.
Answer: Man often engages in activities either to earn money or to find happiness. Similarly, in earlier times, most kings and feudal lords took part in various arts to achieve happiness. The different arts they pursued included literature, painting, music, dance, and architecture. Kings built various structures to gain fame or to fulfill the needs of their people. The goal behind building magnificent structures was for others to be able to use them and find joy. Such constructions are worth seeing. They also give us an idea of how buildings were made. Over time, these properties do not remain private; they become public properties. The way a building is designed and constructed, especially considering a specific historical period or culture, is known as 'architecture'.
In simple words: Architecture is the art and science of designing and constructing buildings, focusing on a specific period's style and culture. Kings often built these structures for fame, public use, and to show their power.

Exam Tip: When defining architecture, make sure to include its creative aspect, its historical and cultural context, and the motivations behind its development.

 

Question 2. Write a short note on the Sun Temple of Modhera.
Answer: Sun Temple of Modhera :
A. Location:
The Sun Temple is located in Gujarat's Mahesana district. It lies west of the Tropic of Cancer and is dedicated to the Hindu Sun God, Surya. It shares a unique connection with the Sun Temple of Konark, located in India's eastern part.
B. Construction:

• The Sun Temple of Modhera was constructed in 1026-27 A.D. during King Bhimdev's reign.
• In terms of carvings and architecture, this temple holds a special place among India's heritage temples.
• The temple is octagonal in shape.
• Its entry features beautiful torans.
• The temple is positioned on a high platform.
• The temple can be divided into three sections: Garbhagruh (inner sanctum), Pradakshina Path, and Sabha Mandapa (assembly hall).
• The Mandapa in front of the Garbhagruh has 52 beautifully carved pillars.
• These pillars represent the 52 weeks of the year.
• They show stories from the Ramayana and Mahabharata.
• The entire temple has been carved with great detail.
• The outer walls feature beautiful paintings.
• The temple has been designed so that the sun's rays pass across the entire Sabhamandapa in the Sharad and Vasant months and fall directly on the Garbhagruh.
• There is a rectangular tank at the temple's entrance.
• It is named Surya Kund.
• Among these steps are 108 small carved shrines.
• The Surya Kund itself is a beautiful sight.
• The Sun Temple is a major attraction for historians and architects.
• This is why the Sun Temple is regarded as one of India's best architectural works.
• The Modhera Sun temple is similar in many aspects to the Konark Sun Temple, which is located east of the Tropic of Cancer.

In simple words: The Sun Temple of Modhera, built in 1026-27 A.D. by King Bhimdev in Gujarat, is a famous octagonal temple dedicated to the Sun God. It has three main parts, 52 carved pillars representing weeks, and its design allows sunlight to directly hit the inner sanctum.

Exam Tip: For detailed notes on temples, cover its location, builder, time period, key architectural features (like parts of the temple, number of pillars), and any unique design elements related to natural phenomena (like sun rays).

 

Question 3. Write a short note on Palitana.
Answer:

• Palitana, a large Jain pilgrimage center, is located on the Shatrunjaya Hill, 51 to 60 km southwest of Bhavnagar.
• Palitana is one of the main pilgrimage centers for Jains.
• This location symbolizes faith for Jains.
• Most Jains visit Palitana at least once in their lifetime.
• It is believed that pilgrimage to Palitana is the path to achieve nirvana for Jains.
• There are 863 temples on this hill.
• The main temple is dedicated to the first Jain Tirthankar (God) Lord Adinath, also called Rishabhdev. It is constructed from white marble.
• The main temple features decorative architectural designs.
• The temple's interior is beautifully carved.
• The ceiling has geometric lace patterns.
• The overall construction of Palitana's temples is very artistic.
• The carvings are very beautiful.
• These temples are so sacred that they capture the hearts of pilgrims.
• These temples were built with help from Acharya Hemchandracharya, Siddhraj Jaysinh, Kumarpal, and many other generations of Jains.

In simple words: Palitana is a major Jain pilgrimage site on Shatrunjaya Hill in Gujarat, home to 863 beautifully carved temples. Dedicated to Lord Adinath, it's believed to help Jains achieve spiritual liberation, attracting many devotees.

Exam Tip: When discussing pilgrimage sites, highlight the religion it's associated with, its location, the number of temples, the main deity, and any notable architectural features or historical figures involved in its construction.

 

Question 4. Write a note on Kankaria Lake.
Answer:

• Qutub-ud-din Aibak built a lake in Ahmedabad's Maninagar area during the Sultanate Age.
• The lake was named 'Hauj-e-Qutub' or 'Qutub Hajj'.
• Later, the lake became known as Kankaria Lake.
• Today, Kankaria is a popular tourist destination because of its recreational activities, such as children's gardens, a boat club, a natural history museum, a zoo, and many parks like the 'Bal Vatika'.

In simple words: Kankaria Lake in Ahmedabad was built by Qutub-ud-din Aibak during the Sultanate Age, originally called 'Hauj-e-Qutub'. Today, it's a popular tourist spot with many recreational facilities like gardens, a boat club, and a zoo.

Exam Tip: For historical landmarks, remember to mention who built it, when, its original name, and how its purpose or use has evolved over time (e.g., from a lake to a recreational hub).

 

Question 5. Which type of buildings were constructed in Delhi during the Sultanate Age?
Answer:

• Very unique constructions were done in Delhi during the Sultanate Age.
• They were influenced by Turkish culture.
• Thus, a new architectural style called the Indo-Islamic style emerged. Buildings were constructed by combining Indian, Arabic, and Persian (Iranian) styles. Buildings were made using a mixture of lime powder and bricks.
• For the first time, arches, minarets, and domes were built in structures during the Sultanate Age.
• The buildings were decorated with lines, geometric shapes, flowers, leaves, creepers, and Indian motifs like the lotus and bell.

In simple words: During the Sultanate Age in Delhi, buildings featured a new Indo-Islamic style, mixing Indian, Arabic, and Persian influences. They notably introduced arches, minarets, and domes, adorned with geometric and natural decorations.

Exam Tip: When describing architectural styles, focus on the unique blend of influences (e.g., Indo-Islamic), the new structural elements introduced (arches, minarets, domes), and the common decorative motifs.

 

Question 6. Write a short note on Qutub Minar.
Answer: Qutub Minar is India's tallest architectural monument. It is located in Delhi. It is a five-storied building. The construction of Qutub Minar was started by Qutub-ud-din Aibak. However, Iltutmish completed it. The minar is made of red sandstone. It is covered with intricate carvings and verses from the Quran.
In simple words: Qutub Minar, in Delhi, is India's tallest tower, with five stories made of red sandstone. Qutub-ud-din Aibak started building it, and Iltutmish finished it. It's known for its detailed carvings and Quranic verses.

Exam Tip: For famous monuments, remember its height, number of stories, material, builders (who started and who finished), and distinctive decorative elements.

 

Question 7. Write a note on Bruhadeshwar temple.
Answer:

• The Bruhadeshwar temple, also known as Rajarajeshwar temple, is dedicated to Lord Shiva. It is located in Tanjore.
• There are beautiful Chola Fresco paintings on the temple's inner walls.
• The temple is very unique due to its taller gopuram and smaller vimana compared to other temples.

In simple words: The Bruhadeshwar temple, also called Rajarajeshwar temple, is a Shiva temple in Tanjore known for its unique architecture with a tall gate (gopuram) and smaller main tower (vimana), and beautiful Chola paintings inside.

Exam Tip: For temple descriptions, include the deity, location, specific artistic elements (like frescoes), and unique architectural characteristics (like gopuram and vimana). Always state its alternative name if it has one.

 

Question 8. What kind of architecture was done in the Chola period?
Answer:

• The Cholas, who ruled over south India, were great admirers of art and architecture.
• They constructed many temples at Tanjore, Mahabalipuram (Mamallapuram), and Kanchi.
• The Cholas carried out construction work in the Dravid style.
• The Cholas built massive temples on elevated platforms, supported by distinct sections, mandapas, and many pillars.
• The temples were constructed with a multi-storied pyramid tower-type structure called the 'vimana'.
• The temple's interior had an assembly hall with many pillars, known as 'mandapa'.
• The inner sanctum, where the main deity was kept, was called Garbhagruh.
• The temples featured huge artistic entrance gates, which were known as Gopurams.
• The temple's grounds were covered with high walls.

In simple words: The Cholas, keen on art, built many grand temples in south India using the Dravidian style. These temples featured tall, multi-storied pyramid-like structures called 'vimanas', large halls (mandapas), and impressive entrance gates (gopurams), all on high platforms and enclosed by walls.

Exam Tip: When describing a period's architecture, focus on the ruling dynasty, the locations of their constructions, the dominant style (e.g., Dravidian), and specific features (vimana, mandapa, gopuram, pillars, platforms).

 

Question 9. What kind of architecture was built in the Mughal period?
Answer: The Mughals were very fond of grand architecture. They had their own unique tradition of architecture. They built palaces on high plinths. They used flowing water in the form of fountains in their buildings. Most of the Mughal architecture was made from marble and decorated with precious and semi-precious colored stones.
In simple words: Mughal architecture was grand and unique, featuring palaces on high bases, fountains with flowing water, and extensive use of marble decorated with valuable stones.

Exam Tip: For Mughal architecture, emphasize its grandeur, use of specific materials (marble, precious stones), distinctive features (fountains, high plinths), and its unique traditional style.

 

Question 11. Write a short note on Buland Darwaza.
Answer:

• Buland Darwaza was constructed by Mughal Emperor Akbar at Fatehpur Sikri.
• It is a victory arch that symbolizes Akbar's conquest of Gujarat.
• It is located on the south wall of Jama Masjid at Fatehpur Sikri.
• It is 55 m high.
• It has many pillars and 'chhatris' (carved umbrella-type structures).
• It is clearly influenced by early Mughal architecture.
• The gate is not very decorative but features carved verses from the Quran and magnificent arches.
• Buland Darwaza is one of Fatehpur Sikri's most famous Islamic structures.

In simple words: Buland Darwaza, built by Emperor Akbar at Fatehpur Sikri, is a 55-meter-high victory arch that marks his win in Gujarat. It's a famous Islamic structure with pillars, chhatris, and Quranic verses, showcasing early Mughal design.

Exam Tip: When describing an architectural gateway, include its builder, purpose (e.g., victory arch), location, height, and key design elements like chhatris and inscriptions.

 

Answer in one or two sentence(s)

 

Question 1. What is architecture?
Answer: The design and construction style of a building, especially considering a specific period or culture, is known as architecture.
In simple words: Architecture is the way buildings are designed and constructed, reflecting a particular time or culture.

Exam Tip: Keep your definition concise, focusing on design, construction, and cultural context.

 

Question 2. Why is Somnath an important centre?
Answer: Somnath is an important center because it is the oldest and most populous temple of Shaivism, revered as one of the twelve Jyotirlinga shrines.
In simple words: Somnath is important as the oldest and busiest Shaivism temple, being one of Lord Shiva's twelve special shrines.

Exam Tip: For questions about importance, always state the primary reason, such as religious significance or historical value.

 

Question 3. Whose kiol is found in the Dwarkadhish Temple?
Answer: A four-armed idol of Lord Krishna is found in the Dwarkadhish Temple.
In simple words: The Dwarkadhish Temple houses a four-armed statue of Lord Krishna.

Exam Tip: For specific temple questions, identify the main deity or idol clearly.

 

Question 4. Where is the Sun Temple located in Gujarat?
Answer: The Sun Temple is located near Modhera in Gujarat's Mahesana district, on the west of the Tropic of Cancer.
In simple words: The Sun Temple is in Modhera, Gujarat, in the Mahesana district, west of the Tropic of Cancer.

Exam Tip: Always specify the district and broader geographical context for location-based questions.

 

Question 5. Into how many parts can the Sun Temple of Modhera be divided? Which are they?
Answer: The Sun Temple of Modhera can be divided into three parts: Garbhagruh, Pradakshina Path, and Sabha Mandapa.
In simple words: The Sun Temple of Modhera has three sections: the inner sanctum (Garbhagruh), the path for circling (Pradakshina Path), and the assembly hall (Sabha Mandapa).

Exam Tip: When asked about divisions, list the parts clearly and correctly.

 

Question. What is the unique feature of the Sun Temple of Modhera?
Answer: A unique feature is that the sun's rays pass across the entire SabhaMandapa and fall directly on the Garbhagruh during the Sharad and Vasant months.
In simple words: The special thing about the Sun Temple of Modhera is how sunlight shines right through the main hall and onto the inner shrine during certain seasons.

Exam Tip: For unique features, highlight the most distinctive design element or function that sets the structure apart.

 

Question 7. Where are the Jam temples of Palitana located?
Answer: The Jain temples of Palitana are located on the Shatrunjaya Hill, 51 to 60 km away from Bhavnagar.
In simple words: Palitana's Jain temples are on Shatrunjaya Hill, about 51 to 60 km from Bhavnagar.

Exam Tip: When providing location, mention the specific landmark (hill) and approximate distance from a known city.

 

Question 8. Where is the Sidi Saiyyed Jali?
Answer: The Sidi Saiyyed Jali is located near Lal Darwaza in Ahmedabad.
In simple words: The Sidi Saiyyed Jali is in Ahmedabad, close to Lal Darwaza.

Exam Tip: For specific architectural features, state the city and a prominent nearby landmark.

 

Question 9. Who built the Qutub Minar?
Answer: The Qutub Minar was started by Qutub-ud-din Aibak and completed by Iltutmish.
In simple words: Qutub-ud-din Aibak began building Qutub Minar, and Iltutmish finished it.

Exam Tip: For monuments with multiple builders, ensure you mention both the person who started and the person who completed the construction.

 

Question 10. Where did the Cholas construct temples?
Answer: The Cholas constructed temples in Tanjore, Mahabalipuram (Mamallapuram), and Kanchi.
In simple words: The Cholas built temples in cities like Tanjore, Mahabalipuram, and Kanchi.

Exam Tip: List the primary locations associated with a specific architectural period or dynasty.

 

Question 11. What are Gopurams?
Answer: Gopurams are high artistic entrance gates of temples, typically found in South Indian architecture.
In simple words: Gopurams are tall, decorated main gates of temples, usually seen in South India.

Exam Tip: Define architectural terms clearly, mentioning their function and characteristic appearance.

 

Question 12. Which is the best example of the Dravid style construction?
Answer: The Bruhadeshwar temple is considered the best example of Dravid style construction.
In simple words: The Bruhadeshwar temple is a prime example of Dravid style architecture.

Exam Tip: Link prominent structures to their specific architectural styles. This shows understanding of classification.

 

Question 13. To whom is the Bruhadeshwar temple dedicated?
Answer: The Bruhadeshwar temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva.
In simple words: The Bruhadeshwar temple honors Lord Shiva.

Exam Tip: Always state the deity a temple is dedicated to for such questions.

 

Question 14. Which are the important constructions of the Red Fort?
Answer: The important constructions of the Red Fort include Diwan-e-Aam, Moti Masjid, Diwan-e-Khaas, Rang Mahal, and Hayaat Baksh Bagh.
In simple words: Key buildings inside the Red Fort are Diwan-e-Aam, Moti Masjid, Diwan-e-Khaas, Rang Mahal, and Hayaat Baksh Bagh.

Exam Tip: When asked to list important structures within a complex, provide a few prominent examples.

 

Question 15. Why did kings build huge monuments?
A. Benefit society,
B. Earn personal fame,
C. Meet financial needs of workers,
D. Motivate workers to showcase their skills.
Answer: (B) Earn personal fame,
In simple words: Kings often built grand monuments primarily to gain personal fame and leave a lasting legacy.

Exam Tip: Consider the multiple reasons rulers undertook large-scale construction; self-glorification was often a significant factor.

 

Multiple Choice Questions

 

Question 1. There are .................. jyotirlingas in India.
(a) 12
(b) 9
(c) 6
(d) 15
Answer: (a) 12
In simple words: There are exactly 12 important Jyotirlinga shrines for Lord Shiva located across India.

Exam Tip: Memorize key numbers related to religious sites, such as the number of Jyotirlingas, for quick recall.

 

Question 2. Somnath is in .................. district.
(a) Surendranagar
(b) Porbandar
(c) Amreli
(d) Junagadh
Answer: (d) Junagadh
In simple words: The Somnath temple is situated within the Junagadh district of Gujarat.

Exam Tip: Know the specific districts where major historical or religious sites are located.

 

Question 3. The new Somnath Temple was constructed in ..................
(a) 1941
(b) 1951
(c) 1960
(d) 1971
Answer: (b) 1951
In simple words: The construction of the modern Somnath Temple was finished in the year 1951.

Exam Tip: For important historical constructions, remember key completion dates, as they often mark significant periods.

 

Question 4. There are .................. Haridham pilgrim centres in India.
(a) 4
(b) 8
(c) 12
(d) 16
Answer: (a) 4
In simple words: India has a total of 4 important Haridham pilgrimage centers.

Exam Tip: Be precise with numbers when asked about specific counts of religious or historical sites.

 

Question 5. Dwarkadish temple is located on the banks of river ..................
(a) Mahi
(b) Vishwamitri
(c) Gomati
(d) Sabarmati
Answer: (c) Gomati
In simple words: The Dwarkadish temple sits by the side of the Gomati river.

Exam Tip: Associate major temples or cities with the rivers they are located on, as this is a common geographical fact tested.

 

Question 6. The Dwarkadish temple was constructed in the .................. th century.
(a) 10
(b) 12
(c) 13
(d) 16
Answer: (c) 13
In simple words: The Dwarkadish temple was built during the 13th century.

Exam Tip: Remember the century of construction for historically significant temples to place them in chronological context.

 

Question 7. The city of Dwarka was established by Lord ..................
(a) Ganesha
(b) Shiva
(c) Krishna
Answer: (c) Krishna
In simple words: The ancient city of Dwarka was founded by Lord Krishna.

Exam Tip: Connect important historical or mythological cities with their founders or key figures, especially in religious contexts.

 

Question 8. The Sun Temple of Modhera is located on the
(A) Tropic of Cancer
(B) Tropic of Capricorn
(C) Equator
(D) Arctic Circle.
Answer: (A) Tropic of Cancer
In simple words: The Sun Temple of Modhera can be found on the Tropic of Cancer. This geographic line passes through it.

Exam Tip: Remember specific geographical locations like the Tropic of Cancer when studying temple positions, as it's a key detail.

 

Question 9. Who constructed the Sun Temple of Modhera?
(A) Shrimad Shankaracharya
(B) Bhimdev I
(C) Siddhraj Jaysinh
(D) Guru Hemchandracharya
Answer: (B) Bhimdev I
In simple words: King Bhimdev I was the ruler who ordered the building of the Sun Temple at Modhera.

Exam Tip: Associate key architectural structures with the rulers or periods in which they were built to remember historical facts better.

 

Question 10. The mandapa of the Sun temple of Modhera has been supported by pillars.
(A) 31
(B) 52
(C) 108
(D) 365
Answer: (B) 52
In simple words: The prayer hall of the Modhera Sun Temple is held up by 52 strong columns.

Exam Tip: Specific numbers related to architectural features, like the count of pillars, are frequently tested.

 

Question 11. Who started the construction of Rudra Mahalaya?
(A) Siddhraj Jaysinh
(B) Mulraj Solanki
(C) Kumarpal
Answer: (B) Mulraj Solanki
In simple words: Mulraj Solanki was the person who began the construction work for the Rudra Mahalaya.

Exam Tip: Differentiate between who started a project and who completed it, as both can be important historical figures.

 

Question 12. Palitana is the main pilgrim centre for
(A) Buddhists
(B) Sikhs
(C) Jains
(D) Muslims
Answer: (C) Jains
In simple words: Palitana serves as the primary holy site for people who follow the Jain religion.

Exam Tip: Connect major pilgrimage sites with their respective religions to avoid confusion.

 

Question 13. There are temples on Shatrunjaya hill.
(A) 836
(B) 863
(C) 848
(D) 884
Answer: (B) 863
In simple words: There are 863 different temples situated on the Shatrunjaya hill.

Exam Tip: Remember the specific number of temples for significant sites like Shatrunjaya hill.

 

Question 14. Shatrunjaya is the pilgrim place of Lord
(A) Adinath
(B) Neminath
(C) Parshwanath
(D) Mahavir Swami
Answer: (A) Adinath
In simple words: Shatrunjaya is a sacred place of pilgrimage specifically dedicated to Lord Adinath.

Exam Tip: Link holy places to the specific deities or figures they honor, especially for places with multiple temples.

 

Question 15. is known as Jagat Mandir.
(A) Sun Temple
(B) Somnath Temple
(C) Dwarkadhish Temple
(D) Shatrunjaya Jain Mandir
Answer: (C) Dwarkadhish Temple
In simple words: The Dwarkadhish Temple is also called the Jagat Mandir.

Exam Tip: Note alternative names for famous structures, as questions might use either name.

 

Question 16. Who contributed in the making of the Jain temples of Palitana?
(A) Hemchandracharya
(B) Siddhraj Jaysinh
(C) Kumarpal
(D) All of the options
Answer: (D) All of the options
In simple words: Hemchandracharya, Siddhraj Jaysinh, and Kumarpal all played a part in building the Jain temples at Palitana.

Exam Tip: Be aware that multiple individuals or groups can contribute to large historical projects.

 

Question 17. Sidi Saiyyed Jali was built by a
(A) Commander-in-chief
(B) General
(C) King
(D) Queen
Answer: (B) General
In simple words: The Sidi Saiyyed Jali was built by a military leader, specifically a general.

Exam Tip: Pay attention to the specific roles or titles of people associated with building famous structures.

 

Question 18. Kankaria Lake was built during the Age.
(A) Mughal
(B) Sultanate
(C) Maratha
(D) Rajput
Answer: (B) Sultanate
In simple words: Kankaria Lake was constructed during the time known as the Sultanate Age.

Exam Tip: Associate architectural works with their correct historical periods or ages.

 

Question 19. The buildings built during the Sultanate Age in Delhi were constructed by combining and style.
(A) German, Irish
(B) Indian, Iranian
(C) Turkish, Rajput
(D) Afghani, Mughal
Answer: (B) Indian, Iranian
In simple words: During the Sultanate Age, buildings in Delhi used a mix of Indian and Iranian architectural styles.

Exam Tip: Understand the fusion of architectural styles that characterized different historical periods.

 

Question 20. The tallest architectural monument of India is
(A) Qutub Minar
(B) Char Minar
(C) Julta Minar
(D) Buland Darwaza
Answer: (A) Qutub Minar
In simple words: The Qutub Minar stands as the highest architectural structure in India.

Exam Tip: Memorize superlatives (tallest, oldest, largest) related to famous monuments.

 

Question 21. There is/are Gopuram(s) in the Bruhadeshwar Temple.
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 4
(D) 8
Answer: (B) 2
In simple words: The Bruhadeshwar Temple has two Gopurams, which are its large entrance towers.

Exam Tip: Count the number of specific architectural features when they are mentioned for significant structures.

 

Question 22. The Mughals (Select the incorrect option)
(A) Built huge Gopurams
(B) Decorated buildings with coloured stones
(C) Used flowing water in buildings
(D) Constructed palaces on high plinths
Answer: (A) Built huge Gopurams
In simple words: Mughals did not build large Gopurams; this architectural feature is more common in Dravidian style temples.

Exam Tip: Distinguish the unique architectural styles and features of different dynasties or periods to identify incorrect statements.

 

Question 23. Fatehpur Sikri was set up by
(A) Akbar
(B) Shah Jahan
(C) Aurangzeb
(D) Jahangir
Answer: (A) Akbar
In simple words: Emperor Akbar established and built the city of Fatehpur Sikri.

Exam Tip: Link the establishment of cities and major complexes to the specific rulers responsible.

 

Question 24. Which of the following is an important structure in Fatehpur Sikri?
(A) Diwan-e-Aam
(B) Moti Masjid
(C) Diwan-e-Khaas
(D) Jama Masjid
Answer: (D) Jama Masjid
In simple words: Among the choices, the Jama Masjid is a significant building found in Fatehpur Sikri.

Exam Tip: Be familiar with the key buildings associated with major historical sites like Fatehpur Sikri.

 

Question 25. The Red Fort was built by
(A) Shah Jahan
(B) Akbar
(C) Humayun
(D) Aurangzeb
Answer: (A) Shah Jahan
In simple words: Shah Jahan was the Mughal emperor who commissioned the construction of the Red Fort.

Exam Tip: Clearly differentiate between the builders of major monuments, such as the Red Fort and Fatehpur Sikri.

 

Question 26. Panchmahal is a storied building.
(A) 3
(B) 4
(C) 5
(D) 6
Answer: (C) 5
In simple words: Panchmahal is a building that has five levels or floors.

Exam Tip: Remember specific numerical details about architectural structures like the number of stories or pillars.

 

Question 27. Who was the wife of Shah Jahan?
(A) Nurjahan
(B) Hazrat Mahal
(C) Noor Begum
(D) Mumtaz Mahal
Answer: (D) Mumtaz Mahal
In simple words: Mumtaz Mahal was the wife of Shah Jahan, for whom the Taj Mahal was built.

Exam Tip: Know the prominent figures and their relationships, especially when they are historically significant to monuments.

 

Question 28. Which of the following is one of the seven wonders of the world?
(B) Fatehpur Sikri
(C) Taj Mahal
(D) Qutub Minar
Answer: (C) Taj Mahal
In simple words: The Taj Mahal is recognized internationally as one of the seven great wonders of the world.

Exam Tip: Identify monuments that hold international recognition or special statuses like "Seven Wonders of the World."

 

Question 29. Bruhadeshwar Temple is in
(A) Mudumalai
(B) Trivandrum
(C) Khajuraho
(D) Tanjavur
Answer: (D) Tanjavur
In simple words: The Bruhadeshwar Temple is located in the city of Tanjavur.

Exam Tip: Learn the exact locations of important temples and historical buildings.

 

Question 30. Who built Kankaria?
(A) Sidi Saiyyed
(B) Shams-ud-Din Muzzaffarshah III
(C) Qutub-ud-din Aibak
(D) Iltutmish
Answer: (C) Qutub-ud-din Aibak
In simple words: Qutub-ud-din Aibak was the person responsible for building Kankaria Lake.

Exam Tip: Directly associate the builder's name with the structure they created for fill-in-the-blank questions.

 

Fill in the blanks

 

Question 1. Somnath is an important centre of religion.
Answer: Shaivism
In simple words: Somnath is a key religious place for followers of Shaivism.

Exam Tip: Know which deity or religious sect major temples and centers are dedicated to.

 

Question 2. Dwarka is in district.
Answer: Jamnagar
In simple words: Dwarka is situated in the Jamnagar district.

Exam Tip: Learn the specific district or region where important cities and temples are located.

 

Question 3. The number of steps for entry is in the Dwarkadhish Temple.
Answer: 80
In simple words: One must climb 80 steps to enter the Dwarkadhish Temple.

Exam Tip: Pay attention to unique numerical facts associated with famous structures, like the number of steps.

 

Question 4. There are pillars in the Dwarkadhish Temple.
Answer: 600
In simple words: The Dwarkadhish Temple is supported by 600 pillars.

Exam Tip: Memorize specific quantities, such as the number of pillars in a significant temple.

 

Question 5. The Sun Temple of Modhera was built in the year .
Answer: 1026-27 A.D.
In simple words: The Modhera Sun Temple was constructed during the years 1026 to 1027 A.D.

Exam Tip: Recall the exact years or period of construction for important historical buildings.

 

Question 6. completed the work of Rudra Mahalaya.
Answer: Siddhraj Jaysinh
In simple words: Siddhraj Jaysinh finished the construction of Rudra Mahalaya.

Exam Tip: Distinguish between the person who started a project and the one who completed it.

 

Question 7. There are Jyotirlinga shrines in India.
Answer: 12
In simple words: There are 12 revered Jyotirlinga shrines located throughout India.

Exam Tip: Remember the total number of significant religious sites like Jyotirlingas in India.

 

Question 8. Lord Adinath is also called .
Answer: Rishabhdev
In simple words: Lord Adinath is also known by the name Rishabhdev.

Exam Tip: Be aware of alternative names or titles for important historical or religious figures.

 

Question 9. Sidi Saiyyed was the general of the army of .
Answer: Shams-ud-Din Muzzaffarshah III
In simple words: Sidi Saiyyed served as a general in the army of Shams-ud-Din Muzzaffarshah III.

Exam Tip: Link individuals to the specific rulers or empires they served during the medieval period.

 

Question 10. Kankaria was originally called .
Answer: Hauj-e-Qutub
In simple words: Kankaria Lake was initially known by the name Hauj-e-Qutub.

Exam Tip: Recognize the original names of places or structures that have since been renamed.

 

Question 11. Qutub Minar is in .
Answer: New Delhi
In simple words: The Qutub Minar is located in the city of New Delhi.

Exam Tip: Know the city or location where each famous monument is situated.

 

Question 12. was the first mosque of India.
Answer: Dhai Din ka Jhopda
In simple words: The Dhai Din ka Jhopda is recognized as India's first mosque.

Exam Tip: Memorize unique distinctions such as "first," "tallest," or "oldest" for architectural sites.

 

Question 13. The Cholas built monuments in style.
Answer: Dravid
In simple words: The Chola dynasty constructed its monuments using the Dravid architectural style.

Exam Tip: Associate different dynasties with their specific architectural styles.

 

Question 14. Bruhadeshwar Temple is also called temple.
Answer: Rajeshwar
In simple words: The Bruhadeshwar Temple is sometimes referred to as the Rajeshwar temple.

Exam Tip: Be aware of alternative names or common appellations for significant temples.

 

Question 15. Most of the Mughal buildings were made of .
Answer: Marble
In simple words: The majority of buildings constructed during the Mughal period used marble as their primary material.

Exam Tip: Note the characteristic building materials used by different dynasties for their architecture.

 

Question 16. The south gate of Jama Masjid's entrance is called .
Answer: Buland Darwaza
In simple words: The southern entrance gate of the Jama Masjid is known as the Buland Darwaza.

Exam Tip: Identify specific named gates or entrances of prominent historical structures.

 

Question 17. The Buland Darwaza is m high.
Answer: 55
In simple words: The Buland Darwaza stands at a height of 55 meters.

Exam Tip: Remember key measurements and dimensions for famous architectural features.

 

Question 18. The Taj Mahal was built by .
Answer: Shah Jahan
In simple words: The Taj Mahal was constructed under the command of Emperor Shah Jahan.

Exam Tip: Firmly link world-famous monuments to the rulers who commissioned their construction.

 

Question 19. The Taj Mahal is made of .
Answer: white marble
In simple words: The Taj Mahal is primarily constructed from white marble.

Exam Tip: Know the main materials used in the construction of iconic buildings.

 

Question 20. The Bruhadeshwar Temple was built during the period.
Answer: Chola
In simple words: The Bruhadeshwar Temple was constructed during the Chola dynasty's rule.

Exam Tip: Associate major temples with the specific empires or dynasties that built them.

 

True or False

 

Question 1. Art was the most important form of entertainment for the kings.
Answer: True
In simple words: For kings, art was a very significant way to find enjoyment and amusement.

Exam Tip: Understand the cultural importance of arts and entertainment in historical royal courts.

 

Question 2. Jyotirlinga is a Shiva temple.
Answer: True
In simple words: A Jyotirlinga is a sacred place of worship specifically dedicated to the Hindu deity Shiva.

Exam Tip: Know the primary deity associated with specific religious sites or terms.

 

Question 3. Dwarkadish temple = Jagat Mandir = Temple of the world.
Answer: True
In simple words: The Dwarkadish temple is also called Jagat Mandir, which means "Temple of the world."

Exam Tip: Learn alternative names and their meanings for important historical and religious sites.

 

Question 4. Mahamandap refers to a prayer hall.
Answer: True
In simple words: A Mahamandap is indeed a large hall used for prayers and gatherings within a temple.

Exam Tip: Understand the specific terminology for different parts of temple architecture.

 

Question 5. Many medieval architectural structures were built for religious purposes.
Answer: True
In simple words: A significant number of buildings from the medieval era were constructed for spiritual or worship reasons.

Exam Tip: Recognize the strong connection between religion and the architectural developments of the medieval period.

 

Question 6. The sun temple located in Mehsana district lies on the east of the Tropic of cancer.
Answer: False
In simple words: The Sun Temple in Mehsana district is actually located to the west, not the east, of the Tropic of Cancer.

Exam Tip: Carefully check directional details (east, west, north, south) when studying geographical locations of monuments.

 

Question 7. Both, the sun temple of Modhera and that of Konark lie on the western part of India.
Answer: False
In simple words: While Modhera's Sun Temple is in the west, Konark's Sun Temple is found in the eastern part of India.

Exam Tip: Do not generalize locations; remember that different significant structures might be in different regions of the country.

 

Question 8. King Bhimdev built the Sun temple of Modhera.
Answer: True
In simple words: It is correct that King Bhimdev was the ruler who had the Sun Temple of Modhera built.

Exam Tip: Confirm the ruler associated with the construction of specific historical landmarks.

 

Question 9. Rudra Mahalaya was a famous king who built a few very famous temples of South India.
Answer: False
In simple words: Rudra Mahalaya is a temple, not a king, and it's located in northern Gujarat, not South India.

Exam Tip: Clearly distinguish between names of people and names of places or structures, and their respective locations.

 

Question 10. Rudra = Shiva
Answer: True
In simple words: The name Rudra is indeed another name for the Hindu deity Shiva.

Exam Tip: Be aware of different names or epithets used for important deities in religious texts and history.

 

Question 11. The main temple of Palitana is dedicated to Rishabhdev.
Answer: True
In simple words: The primary temple at Palitana is consecrated to Rishabhdev.

Exam Tip: Identify the specific Tirthankara or deity to whom a major Jain temple is dedicated.

 

Question 12. Sidi Saiyyed jali was constructed by Ahmed Shah, the founder of Ahmedabad city.
Answer: False
In simple words: The Sidi Saiyyed jali was built by Sidi Saeed, a general, not by Ahmed Shah, even though Ahmed Shah founded Ahmedabad.

Exam Tip: Do not confuse the founder of a city with the builders of all structures within it; specific individuals are often responsible for specific monuments.

 

Question 13. Kankariya Lake was once called 'Hauj-e-Qutub'.
Answer: True
In simple words: It is true that Kankariya Lake was originally known by the name 'Hauj-e-Qutub'.

Exam Tip: Recognize historical names and appellations of important landmarks that have changed over time.

 

Question 14. Without Iltutmish, we could not have got Qutub Minar.
Answer: True
In simple words: Since Iltutmish completed the Qutub Minar, it would not have reached its full form without him.

Exam Tip: Understand the roles of different individuals in multi-stage construction projects.

 

Question 15. Taller gopuram and smaller vimana makes Bruhadeshwar Temple quite unique.
Answer: True
In simple words: The Bruhadeshwar Temple's unusual design, with a taller gate tower and a smaller main tower, makes it distinct.

Exam Tip: Note the unique architectural characteristics that set certain temples apart from others.

 

Question 16. Buland Darwaza is in Fatehpur Sikri.
Answer: True
In simple words: The Buland Darwaza is indeed located within the complex of Fatehpur Sikri.

Exam Tip: Confirm the correct location for major historical gates and structures.

 

Match the following

 

(Note: You may choose an option more than once.)

Answer:
1-d (Dwarka - Lord Krishna)
2-f (Sun Temple - Bhimdev I)
3-b (Rudra Mahalaya - Siddhraj Jaysinh)
4-b (Palitana - Siddhraj Jaysinh)
5-a (Kankaria Lake - Qutub-ud-din Aibak)
6-a (Qutub Minar - Qutub-ud-din Aibak)
In simple words: Match each historical site or monument in Column A with its correct associated person or deity from Column B. Some options in Column B may be used more than once.

Exam Tip: For matching questions, eliminate options you are certain about first, then use the remaining information to deduce less obvious matches.