GSEB Class 7 Social Science Solutions Chapter 7 India Location, Border, Area and Physiography

I. Answer the following questions

 

Question 1. How did islands come into existence?
Answer: Islands were formed through various natural processes, including strong earthquakes, powerful volcanic eruptions, or the persistent action of water currents. These geological forces and movements helped to shape and create the landforms we know as islands.
In simple words: Islands formed from things like earthquakes, volcanoes erupting, or strong water flows moving earth around.

Exam Tip: When describing the formation of geological features, always mention the key natural forces involved, such as tectonic activity (earthquakes) and volcanic activity.

 

Question 2. Why are deserts thinly populated?
Answer: Deserts are sparsely populated for several important reasons:
I. Features of the desert:

• The ground is sandy in these desert areas.
• The weather is dry, extremely hot, and barren, making it tough to live there.
• The heat can be unbearable, creating very harsh living conditions.
• There is very little rainfall, often less than 20 cm, leading to severe water shortages.
• Therefore, water is scarce and difficult to obtain for people and agriculture.
• Even the basic necessities needed to support life are often unavailable in these regions.
• The only types of trees that can grow here are dates or cactus, which require very little water.
• Camels are commonly used for transport because they are well-suited to the desert environment.
• Due to all these challenging factors, most parts of the desert are very thinly populated.

In simple words: Deserts are not very populated because the land is sandy, the weather is very hot and dry, there's hardly any water, and basic things needed to live are hard to find.

Exam Tip: When explaining population distribution in deserts, always link it back to environmental factors like climate, water availability, vegetation, and transportation challenges.

 

Question 3. The plains of the North are densely populated. Why?
Answer: The plains of North India are very thickly populated and prosperous for the following important reasons:

• These plains in North India were formed by rivers flowing down from the Himalayas. Consequently, these plains possess rich alluvium deposits, making them very fertile. This fertility has enabled large-scale agricultural development across North India.
• Furthermore, these rivers flow continuously throughout the year, so there is no shortage of water. This consistent water supply has greatly assisted in irrigation, helping to produce excellent crops.
• Because of strong development in the agricultural sector, there are numerous agro-based industries and other agriculture-related businesses located in North India.
• As a result, North India is both prosperous and densely populated, supporting a large population through its rich resources and industries.

In simple words: North Indian plains are crowded and rich because rivers from the Himalayas made the land very fertile for farming. These rivers always have water, helping crops grow. Also, many farm-related businesses have grown there.

Exam Tip: Highlight the role of perennial rivers, alluvial soil, and the resulting agricultural and industrial development when explaining the dense population of northern plains.

 

Question 4. Why do cities near the sea shore develop?
Answer: Cities located near sea shores grow and develop due to the following specific reasons:

• The fishing industry often thrives, providing employment and food resources.
• They serve as hubs for both internal and international waterways, facilitating trade and travel.
• Rich alluvium deposits in the soil make the land fertile for agriculture.
• The presence of black, fertile soil further supports farming and lush vegetation.
• Import-export facilities are easily established, boosting global trade.
• There is significant development of ports and other crucial trading activities, attracting businesses and people.

In simple words: Cities by the sea grow because of fishing, water transport, fertile land, and places for shipping goods in and out.

Exam Tip: Focus on economic and geographical advantages like trade, transport, and resource availability when explaining the development of coastal cities.

 

Question 5. What if there would be no variation in the physiography of India?
Answer: If there were no differences in India's physical geography, several crucial aspects would be absent:

• There would be no Himalayas to block the chilly winds coming from the north, affecting India's climate.
• The Plains of North India would not provide rich agricultural output, impacting food production.
• Coastal plains would not exist for developing ports, fisheries, and transportation industries.
• There would be no hill stations, sea-shores, beaches, rivers, waterfalls, lakes, and other scenic spots for tourist recreation.
• Therefore, variations in physical geography are vital for the nation's overall growth and advancement.

In simple words: Without different types of land like mountains, plains, and coasts, India wouldn't have protection from cold winds, good farmland, ports for trade, or places for tourists. So, varied landforms are important for the country's growth.

Exam Tip: When discussing the importance of physiography, emphasize how different landforms contribute to climate, agriculture, economy, and tourism, affecting national development.

2. State whether the following sentences are true or false

 

Question 1. India is the seventh largest country in the world.
Answer: True. India is indeed the seventh largest country globally in terms of total land area. This position reflects its significant geographical size compared to other nations worldwide.
In simple words: Yes, this is correct. India ranks as the world's seventh largest country by land size.

Exam Tip: Remember India's rank in terms of area and population for quick recall in general knowledge and geography questions.

 

Question 2. Mt. Everest of India is the highest peak.
Answer: False. Mount Everest is indeed the world's tallest peak, but it is primarily situated in Nepal and China, not within India itself. While India has many high mountains, Everest is not directly located in India.
In simple words: No, this is incorrect. Mount Everest is the world's highest mountain, but it is located in Nepal and China, not in India.

Exam Tip: Always remember that while India has a vast mountain range, the very highest peak, Mount Everest, is outside its direct borders.

 

Question 3. Central and Deccan Plateau regions of India are known as treasury of minerals.
Answer: True. The Central and Deccan Plateau regions of India are indeed well-known as a treasure trove of various minerals. These areas contain rich deposits of many valuable resources that are important for the country.
In simple words: Yes, this is correct. India's Central and Deccan Plateaus hold a lot of valuable minerals.

Exam Tip: Understanding the mineral wealth of different regions is crucial for questions about India's geography and economy. The Deccan Plateau is particularly famous for its rich mineral deposits.

 

Question 4. Tropic of Capricorn passes through India.
Answer: False. The Tropic of Capricorn does not pass through India. Instead, the Tropic of Cancer is the major latitude line that crosses through the middle of India, influencing its climate.
In simple words: No, this is wrong. The Tropic of Cancer passes through India, not the Tropic of Capricorn.

Exam Tip: Distinguish between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn; remember that the Tropic of Cancer is relevant to India's geography.

 

Question 5. Rann of Kachchh is very sandy.
Answer: False. While some parts may have sand, the Rann of Kachchh is primarily known for its vast salt marshes and saline wetlands, rather than being a typical sandy desert. Its unique feature is its white, salty land.
In simple words: No, this is incorrect. The Rann of Kachchh is famous for its white salt flats, not mainly sand.

Exam Tip: Highlight the unique characteristic of the Rann of Kachchh (salt marsh/white desert) to avoid common misconceptions about deserts.

GSEB Class 7 Social Science India: Location, Border, Area and Physiography Additional Important Questions and Answers

 

Question 1. Give a brief idea of the location and border of India.
Answer:
A. Location of India:

• India holds a very important strategic location globally.
• It is situated in the Northern Hemisphere, above the Equator.
• It lies in the southern part of the vast continent of Asia.
• Geographically, it is located between 8.4° N to 37.6° N latitudes and 68.7° E to 97.25° E longitudes.

B. Borders of India:

• The great Himalayas stretch across the north of India, forming a natural boundary.
• India shares its northern border with China and Tajikistan, two neighboring countries.
• In the north-east, India shares its boundary with Nepal.
• To the east of India, you will find Bangladesh and the vast Bay of Bengal.
• Meanwhile, the north-western border of India is shared by Pakistan.
• The Arabian Sea is located to the west of India, forming a significant coastline.
• In the south of India lies the huge Indian Ocean, along with a small island nation, Sri Lanka.

In simple words: India is in a key spot in the Northern Hemisphere, in southern Asia. Its borders include the Himalayas in the north, China, Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan, the Arabian Sea in the west, and the Indian Ocean with Sri Lanka in the south.

Exam Tip: For location questions, always mention hemispheres, continents, and precise latitude/longitude ranges. For borders, list neighboring countries and major water bodies accurately.

 

Question 2. Give an idea of the area of India.
Answer:
Area of India:

• India stretches from Kashmir in the north to Kanyakumari in the south, covering a vast area.
• The north-south length of India is approximately 3214 km.
• Additionally, India extends from Arunachal Pradesh in the east to Dwarka in the west.
• The east-west length of India measures about 2933 km.
• Thus, India's total land area is roughly 32,87,263 (calculated as 3214 km × 2933 km) square kilometers.
• This significant landmass makes India the seventh largest country globally in terms of area.
• Currently, there are 28 states and 7 union territories within India.
• The country's shape is narrow in the north, becomes broad in the middle, and then narrows again in the south.

In simple words: India is a large country, seventh in the world by area, covering about 3.29 million sq. km. It stretches 3214 km from north to south and 2933 km from east to west, with 28 states and 7 union territories.

Exam Tip: Remember key geographical facts like north-south and east-west extensions, total area, and India's rank globally in terms of size.

 

Question 3. What is physiography? Which are the physiographic divisions of India?
Answer:

• The study of the earth's physical features, such as mountains, plains, and plateaus, is called physiography.
• In India, the earth's surface is not uniform everywhere; it shows great diversity.
• Our nation displays many different forms of land, from high peaks to vast flat areas.
• Based on these variations in landforms, India can be divided into the following five major physiographic divisions:

physiographic divisions:

1. Northern Mountain Ranges
2. Plains of North India
3. Peninsular Plateaus of Central and South India
4. Coastal Plains
5. Archipelagos (Islands)

In simple words: Physiography is the study of land shapes on Earth. India has five main types of land: northern mountains, northern plains, central and southern plateaus, coastal plains, and islands.

Exam Tip: Clearly define physiography and list all five major divisions accurately. Understanding these divisions is fundamental to Indian geography.

 

Question 4. Write a short note on Northern Mountain Ranges.
Answer:

• The northern part of India is predominantly covered by the Himalayas, a massive mountain system.
• The Himalayas are not just a single mountain but a very long and complex chain of mountains.
• Hence, this entire system is often referred to as the Himalayan chain of mountains.
• It is recognized as the world's highest mountain range, featuring many towering peaks.
• The Himalayan chain comprises three distinct and parallel ranges, each with its own characteristics.
• The northernmost range, which extends towards China, is known as the Greater Himalayas, containing some of the tallest peaks.
• The chain of mountains located right in the middle is called the Central Himalayas, lying between the Greater and Shivalik ranges.
• The southernmost range of mountains that extends towards the eastern part of India is called the Shivalik Himalayas.

Division of Northern Mountain Ranges:
The northern mountain ranges can be divided into the following two main categories:
A. Mountain ranges of Himalayas:

• The highest mountain in the world, Mt. Everest, which measures 8848 m, is situated in the Himalayan range in Nepal.
• The highest peak of the Himalayas located within India is Mt. Godwin Austin (K2), standing at 8611 m high.
• Other significant mountains of the world that are found in the Himalayas and within India include Kanchenjunga (8598 m), Nandadevi (7817 m), and Badrinath (7138 m). All these mountains are located in India.

B. Mountainous region of Eastern Himalayas:

• The Himalayas in the eastern part of India are more hilly and lower in elevation. Consequently, the mountains here are not as towering as those in the central and western parts.
• The primary ranges in this region are Patkoi and Lushai hills.
• The important mountains situated in the southern portion of this region, stretching in an east-west direction, include Garo, Khasi, Jaintia, and Naga hills.

In simple words: The Northern Mountain Ranges are mostly the Himalayas, a very long and high mountain chain with three parallel ranges: Greater, Central, and Shivalik. The world's highest peak, Mt. Everest, is in Nepal, but India also has high peaks like Mt. Godwin Austin. The Eastern Himalayas are hillier and lower, with ranges like Patkoi, Lushai, Garo, Khasi, Jaintia, and Naga hills.

Exam Tip: When describing mountain ranges, mention their main characteristics (e.g., highest, parallel ranges), key peaks, and specific regional variations like the Eastern Himalayas.

 

Question 5. Write a short note on the Plains of North India.
Answer:

• The flatlands located to the south of the northern mountain ranges (Himalayas) of India are known as the Plains of North India.
• These vast plains cover a significant portion of northern India, stretching across many states.
• These plains were created by the alluvium (fine soil and silt) brought down by the Himalayan Rivers over thousands of years.
• The plains are so immense and widespread that they are recognized as one of the largest river-formed plains in the entire world.
• The Plains of North India are among the most prosperous and heavily populated regions in the country due to their fertile soil and abundant resources.

In simple words: The Plains of North India are large, flat areas south of the Himalayas. They formed from river soil, cover a big part of northern India, and are very fertile and densely populated, making them one of the world's biggest river plains.

Exam Tip: Emphasize the formation (alluvial deposits by Himalayan Rivers), extent, and significance (fertility, population density) of the Northern Plains.

 

Question 6. Write a note on the plateaus of India.
Answer:

• Just south of the Plains of North India, in the southern direction, lies the Central and Deccan Plateau region of India.
• This plateau has the shape of an inverted triangle.
• Since this plateau is surrounded by water on three sides, it is called a peninsula.
• This plateau represents the oldest landmass of India and is primarily composed of hard rocks.
• The valleys of the Narmada and Son rivers are located right in the middle of this plateau.
• These river valleys divide the plateau into two distinct parts.
• The northern part is known as the Malwa Plateau, and the southern part is called the Deccan Plateau.
• The soil in the Central and Deccan Plateau regions is black, but it is not highly fertile in all areas.
• However, many parts of this plateau do yield good crops, especially cotton.
• This plateau is incredibly rich in various minerals, earning it the title 'Treasury of Minerals'.

In simple words: India's plateaus, like the Central and Deccan Plateau, sit south of the northern plains. Shaped like an inverted triangle, they are old, made of hard rocks, and rich in minerals, earning them the name 'Treasury of Minerals'. They are divided by the Narmada and Son rivers.

Exam Tip: Include details about shape, age, soil, river divisions (Narmada, Son), and the significance of mineral wealth when describing Indian plateaus.

 

Question 7. Write a note on the coastal plains of India.
Answer:

• The southern part of India is enclosed by the sea on three sides: the Arabian Sea to the west, the Bay of Bengal to the east, and the Indian Ocean to the south.
• India's coastline measures approximately 7517 km in length, indicating its extensive maritime boundary.
• Narrow plains are situated along the border of the southern coast, running between the plateau and the sea.
• Therefore, on one side of these coastal plains is the ocean, and on the other side is the peninsular plateau, creating a unique geographical feature.

Mainly, there are two important coastal plains in the southern part of India:
A. East Coast Plain:

• The plains located on the eastern coast of India are known as the East Coast Plain.
• The major ports and cities in the East Coast Plain include Chennai, Pondicherry, Machhalipatnam, and Vishakhapattanam.
• The East Coast Plain is especially known for its thriving fishing industry.

B. West Coast Plain:

• The plains on the western coast of India are known as the West Coast Plain.
• The important ports and cities located in the West Coast Plain are Kandla, Mumbai, Mangalore, Calicut, and Thiruvananthpuram.
• The West Coast Plain is also recognized for its rich, fertile black soil. Additionally, some regions of this coast have abundant alluvium deposits. Consequently, overall, the West Coast Plain is fertile and yields good crops.
• The West Coast Plain is generally narrower than the East Coast Plain.

In simple words: India's coastal plains run along its 7517 km long shoreline, surrounded by sea on three sides. There are two main parts: the East Coast Plain, known for fishing and major ports like Chennai, and the West Coast Plain, which is narrower, has fertile black soil, and includes ports like Mumbai.

Exam Tip: Differentiate clearly between the East and West Coastal Plains, noting their characteristics (width, soil), important ports, and main economic activities (fishing, trade).

 

Question 8. Write a note on the archipelagos of India.
Answer:

• A group of islands, or a piece of land completely surrounded by water on all sides, is called an archipelago or an island.
• India's islands can be divided into two primary parts, with one group situated in the east and the other in the west.
• The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are located in the east of India, in the Bay of Bengal. These are larger and more numerous islands.
• The Lakshadweep and Minikoyna islands are situated in the west of India, in the Arabian Sea. These are typically smaller coral islands.

In simple words: Archipelagos are groups of islands. India has two main island groups: the Andaman and Nicobar Islands in the east (Bay of Bengal) and the Lakshadweep and Minikoyna islands in the west (Arabian Sea).

Exam Tip: Clearly state the definition of an archipelago and name the two main island groups of India, specifying their locations (Bay of Bengal for Andaman & Nicobar, Arabian Sea for Lakshadweep).

 

Question 9. Write a note on the deserts of India.
Answer: The two primary deserts of India are as follows:
A. Desert of Rajasthan:
The desert of Rajasthan is located to the west of the Aravalli Mountains. It is also known as the Great Indian Desert or the Thar Desert.
I. Features of the desert:

• The land in this desert region is predominantly sandy.
• The climate is dry, intensely hot, and barren, making it challenging for life.
• The temperature can be unbearable, especially during peak summer.
• There is very little rainfall, often less than 20 cm, resulting in severe water scarcity.
• Consequently, there is a great shortage of water for all needs.
• Even the essential goods required for supporting life are often not available in this region.
• The only trees that can grow here are dates or cactus, adapted to arid conditions.
• Camels are widely used for transportation, as they are well-suited to desert travel.
• Due to all these difficult conditions, most of the desert is very thinly populated.

II. Bringing revolution in desert:

• The northern part of Rajasthan has been provided with irrigation facilities from the Satluj River through the Indira Canal.
• This intervention has significantly altered the appearance of the desert region of Rajasthan, making it more hospitable.
• This change has transformed the desert area, making it greener by enabling the development of agriculture in Rajasthan.

B. Desert of Gujarat:

• The desert area of Gujarat lies in the northern part of the state.
• It is also called the Rann of Kachchh, a distinctive geographical feature.
• The Rann of Kachchh is quite different from the desert of Rajasthan in its characteristics.

I. Features of the desert:

• The Rann of Kachchh consists of vast saline land, meaning it is full of salt.
• The ground here is predominantly white in color due to salt deposits.
• In the Rann of Kachchh, it appears as if the earth has been covered with a white sheet, a striking visual.
• This makes it the only white desert in the world, a unique natural phenomenon.
• The Rann of Kachchh can be divided into two parts: The Little Rann of Kachchh and the Great Rann of Kachchh.

In simple words: India has two main deserts: the Thar Desert (Rajasthan) and the Rann of Kachchh (Gujarat). The Thar is sandy, hot, dry, and thinly populated, but irrigation is helping it grow. The Rann of Kachchh is unique, made of vast white, salty land, and is divided into Little and Great Rann.

Exam Tip: When discussing Indian deserts, clearly differentiate between the Thar (sandy, hot) and the Rann of Kachchh (saline, white). Include features, challenges, and any development efforts like canals.

 

Question 10. Write a note on the Thar Desert. OR Give an idea of the desert of Rajasthan.
Answer:
A. Desert of Rajasthan:
The desert of Rajasthan is located in the western part of the Aravalli Mountains. It is also commonly known as the Great Indian Desert or the Thar Desert, covering a large arid area in the region. This desert is characterized by its sandy terrain, extreme temperatures, and very low rainfall, making it a challenging environment for habitation and agriculture. Efforts like the Indira Canal have, however, brought some irrigation and greening to its northern parts.
In simple words: The Thar Desert, also called the Great Indian Desert, is in western Rajasthan, west of the Aravalli Mountains. It's a large, sandy, hot, and dry area.

Exam Tip: Ensure you mention the location (west of Aravalli), alternative names (Great Indian Desert), and key characteristics (sandy, arid) of the Thar Desert.

 

Question 11. Write a note on the Rann of Kachchh.
Answer:
B. Desert of Gujarat:

• The desert area of Gujarat lies in the northern part of the state, extending towards the border.
• It is specifically called the Rann of Kachchh, which is a unique geographical feature.
• The Rann of Kachchh has distinct characteristics that differentiate it significantly from the sandy desert of Rajasthan.
• The Rann consists of vast expanses of saline land, rich in salt deposits.
• The ground in this region is predominantly white in color due to the high salt content, creating a striking landscape.
• When viewed, the Rann of Kachchh often gives the impression that the earth has been covered with a pristine white sheet.
• This unique characteristic makes it the only white desert in the world, a truly remarkable natural phenomenon.
• The Rann of Kachchh is further divided into two main parts: the Little Rann of Kachchh and the Great Rann of Kachchh.

In simple words: The Rann of Kachchh is a special desert in northern Gujarat. It's known as the 'white desert' because its vast lands are covered in salt, making the ground appear white, unlike sandy deserts. It has two main parts: the Little and Great Rann.

Exam Tip: When describing the Rann of Kachchh, always highlight its unique saline, white landscape and its distinction from other sandy deserts. Mention its two main divisions.

 

Question 12. Give an idea of the mountain ranges of Himalayas.
Answer:
Mountain ranges of Himalayas:

• The highest mountain in the world, Mt. Everest, standing at 8848 m, is situated in the Himalayan range, specifically in Nepal.
• The highest peak of the Himalayas located within India is Mt. Godwin Austin (K2), which reaches 8611 m high.
• Other significant mountains of the world that are part of the Himalayas and found in India include Kanchenjunga (8598 m), Nandadevi (7817 m), and Badrinath (7138 m). All these impressive mountains are located within India.
• The Himalayas themselves are not a single peak but a series of three parallel ranges: the Greater Himalayas (Himadri), the Lesser Himalayas (Himachal), and the Outer Himalayas (Shivalik).

In simple words: The Himalayas are a huge mountain range with the world's highest peak, Mt. Everest (in Nepal), and India's highest, Mt. Godwin Austin. Other high peaks in India include Kanchenjunga, Nandadevi, and Badrinath.

Exam Tip: For mountain ranges, mention both the world's highest peak (Everest, and its location) and India's highest peaks along with their heights to score well.

 

Question 13. Write a note on the Himalayas of east India.
Answer:
Mountainous region of Eastern Himalayas:

• The Himalayas situated in the eastern part of India are generally hilly rather than having very tall, jagged peaks. Consequently, the mountains here are not extremely high compared to the central and western Himalayas.
• The primary ranges found in this region are the Patkoi and Lushai hills, which form significant parts of the landscape.
• The important mountains located in the southern section of this region, stretching in an east-west direction, include the Garo, Khasi, Jaintia, and Naga hills, which are well-known for their unique ecosystems.

In simple words: The Eastern Himalayas in India are mostly hilly and not very high. Key ranges include the Patkoi and Lushai, along with Garo, Khasi, Jaintia, and Naga hills in the southern part.

Exam Tip: Highlight that the Eastern Himalayas are distinct for being 'hilly' and less towering than other parts, and name the specific hill ranges found there.

 

Question 14. Write a note on East Coast Plain.
Answer:
A. East Coast Plain:

• The plains situated along the eastern coast of India are known as the East Coast Plain. These plains are broad and fertile.
• The important ports and cities located in the East Coast Plain include Chennai, Pondicherry, Machhalipatnam, and Vishakhapattanam, all significant trade centers.
• The East Coast Plain is particularly well-known for its vibrant fishing industry, which supports many local communities.
• These plains are formed by the alluvial deposits of major rivers like Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, and Cauvery.

In simple words: The East Coast Plain is a wide, fertile area on India's eastern side, formed by large rivers. It has major ports like Chennai and is famous for its fishing industry.

Exam Tip: Remember that the East Coast Plain is wider and formed by deltas of major rivers, making it very fertile and good for agriculture and fishing.

 

Question 15. Write a note on West Coast Plain.
Answer:
B. West Coast Plain:

• The plains located on the western coast of India are known as the West Coast Plain. These plains are relatively narrower.
• The important ports and cities found in the West Coast Plain include Kandla, Mumbai, Mangalore, Calicut, and Thiruvananthpuram, which are crucial for maritime trade.
• The West Coast Plain is also recognized for its rich, fertile black soil. Additionally, some regions along this coast possess abundant alluvium deposits. Consequently, overall, the West Coast Plain is quite fertile and yields good crops, despite being narrower.
• The West Coast Plain is generally narrower than its eastern counterpart, due to the Western Ghats being very close to the coast.

In simple words: The West Coast Plain is a narrow strip on India's western side. It has major ports like Mumbai and fertile black soil, supporting good farming. It is narrower than the East Coast Plain.

Exam Tip: Highlight the key features of the West Coast Plain, such as its narrowness due to the Western Ghats, its fertile black soil, and significant ports.

 

Question 16. Which are the main islands of India?
Answer:

• A piece of land entirely surrounded by water on all sides is referred to as an archipelago or simply an island.
• The islands belonging to India can be broadly categorized into two main groups: one group is situated in the east, and the other is located in the west.
• The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are found in the eastern part of India, within the Bay of Bengal, forming a significant cluster.
• The Lakshadweep and Minikoyna islands are located in the western part of India, in the Arabian Sea, known for their coral formations.

In simple words: India's main islands are the Andaman and Nicobar Islands in the Bay of Bengal (east) and the Lakshadweep and Minikoyna islands in the Arabian Sea (west).

Exam Tip: Remember the names of both island groups and their respective locations (Bay of Bengal for Andaman & Nicobar, Arabian Sea for Lakshadweep).

 

Question 17. Write a note on Mt. Godwin Austin.
Answer:

• Mt. Godwin Austin, also known as K2, is the highest peak of the Himalayas located within India.
• It holds the distinction of being the second-highest mountain in the entire world, after Mount Everest.
• This majestic peak lies in the Karakoram Range of the Himalayas, a significant mountain chain.
• Its impressive height is approximately 8611 m above sea level.

In simple words: Mt. Godwin Austin (K2) is India's highest Himalayan peak and the world's second-tallest mountain, standing at 8611 m in the Karakoram Range.

Exam Tip: For important peaks, always include its alternate name (K2), its rank (highest in India, second highest globally), its mountain range, and its precise height.

Answer in One or Two Sentence

 

Question 1. What is the exact geographical location of India?
Answer: India's precise geographical location is between 8.4°N to 37.6°N latitudes and 68.7°E to 97.25°E longitudes. These coordinates define its position on the global map.
In simple words: India is located between 8.4°N to 37.6°N latitude and 68.7°E to 97.25°E longitude.

Exam Tip: Memorizing the exact latitudinal and longitudinal extent of India is crucial for geographical questions.

 

Question 1. What is the exact geographical location of India?
Answer: India is located between 8.4°N to 37.6°N latitudes and 68.7°E to 97.25°E longitudes.
In simple words: India's precise spot on the globe is defined by these specific latitude and longitude numbers.

Exam Tip: Remember these exact latitude and longitude values as they are fundamental geographical facts about India.

 

Question 2. Which are the extreme corners of India in each direction?
Answer: The extreme corners of India are Kashmir state in the north, Kanyakumari in the south, Arunachal Pradesh state in the east, and Dwarka in the west.
In simple words: The furthest points of India are Kashmir at the top, Kanyakumari at the bottom, Arunachal Pradesh on the right, and Dwarka on the left.

Exam Tip: Visualizing a map helps to easily recall the extreme geographical points of India.

 

Question 3. What is the shape of India?
Answer: The shape of India is narrow in both the north and south, but broad in the middle part.
In simple words: India is thin at the top and bottom, but wider in the center.

Exam Tip: Think of a diamond shape or a kite to remember India's overall landmass outline, which tapers at the ends.

 

Question 4. What is physiography?
Answer: Physiography is the study of the physical characteristics or features of the Earth's surface.
In simple words: Physiography is about studying what the land looks like, such as mountains, plains, and rivers.

Exam Tip: When defining scientific terms, ensure your answer is precise and captures the core meaning, like "study of physical features" for physiography.

 

Question 5. What kind of variations do we see in India?
Answer: In India, we see many kinds of geographical variations, including mountain ranges, vast plains, deserts, huge coastal areas, plateaus, highlands, and archipelagos (islands).
In simple words: India has many different land types like mountains, flat lands, dry areas, coasts, high flat lands, and groups of islands.

Exam Tip: When describing variations, try to list several distinct types to show comprehensive knowledge of India's diverse geography.

 

Question 6. Why are the Himalayas called chain of mountains?
Answer: The Himalayas are called a chain of mountains because they are not just one single mountain, but rather a long series of three distinct and parallel ranges that run side-by-side.
In simple words: The Himalayas are called a "chain" because they are a long line of three mountain ranges, not just one peak.

Exam Tip: Emphasize "not a single mountain" and "three distinct and parallel ranges" to explain why it's termed a 'chain'.

 

Question 7. Which are the three ranges of the Himalayas?
Answer: The three main ranges of the Himalayas are:
A. Greater Himalayas - This is the northernmost range of the Himalayas, stretching towards China.
B. Central Himalayas - This range lies in the middle, between the Greater Himalayas and the Shivalik Range.
C. Shivalik Range - This is the northeasternmost range of the Himalayas, extending towards east India.
In simple words: The Himalayas have three main parts: the Greater Himalayas (north, near China), the Central Himalayas (in the middle), and the Shivalik Range (northeast, toward eastern India).

Exam Tip: List the ranges clearly and specify their relative geographical position to each other for full clarity.

 

Question 8. List out the important Himalayan peaks of India with their height.
Answer: The important Himalayan peaks located in India with their approximate heights are:
A. Mt. Godwin Austin - 8611 m
B. Kanchenjunga - 8598 m
C. Badrinath - 7138 m
D. Nandadevi - 7817 m
In simple words: Some major high points in the Indian Himalayas are Mt. Godwin Austin (8611 meters), Kanchenjunga (8598 meters), Badrinath (7138 meters), and Nandadevi (7817 meters).

Exam Tip: When listing peaks, always include their names and corresponding heights for a complete answer.

 

Question 9. Which are the important ranges and peaks in the Eastern Himalayas?
Answer: The important ranges in the Eastern Himalayas include the Patkoi and Lushai ranges. Key peaks in this region are Garo, Khasi, Jaintia, and Naga peaks.
In simple words: In the eastern Himalayas, you'll find ranges like Patkoi and Lushai, and peaks like Garo, Khasi, Jaintia, and Naga.

Exam Tip: Distinguish between mountain ranges and individual peaks when listing geographical features.

 

Question 10. Which is the most distinct feature of the Eastern Himalayas?
Answer: The most distinct feature of the Eastern Himalayas is that the mountains are generally hilly and not very high compared to the central or western parts.
In simple words: The Eastern Himalayas are mostly made up of hills, so the mountains there aren't extremely tall.

Exam Tip: Focus on comparative characteristics, such as "not very high" when describing regional differences in mountain ranges.

 

Question 11. Why are the plains of North India very prosperous?
Answer: The plains of North India are very prosperous mainly because of their fertile lands. These lands have developed extensive agriculture and numerous agro-based industries.
In simple words: North India's plains are rich because the land is very fertile, which helps a lot of farming and farm-related businesses grow.

Exam Tip: Link prosperity directly to fertile land, agriculture, and related industries when explaining the economic success of a region.

 

Question 12. Which rivers flow from Himalayas?
Answer: Many important rivers flow from the Himalayas, including Sindhu, Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas, Satluj, Indus, Ganga, Yamuna, Gomti, Ghaghra, Gandak, Kosi, Brahmaputra, and Tista.
In simple words: A lot of big rivers start in the Himalayas, like the Ganga, Yamuna, Brahmaputra, and Indus, along with many others.

Exam Tip: Try to list at least 5-7 prominent rivers that originate in the Himalayas to demonstrate broad knowledge.

 

Question 13. Which are the main lakes of India?
Answer: The main lakes of India include Sambhar, Wular, Nainital, Bhimtaal, Chilka, Koleru, Pulicat, and Dal.
In simple words: Some key lakes in India are Sambhar, Wular, Nainital, Chilka, and Dal.

Exam Tip: For questions asking to list geographical features, provide a diverse set of examples to showcase comprehensive understanding.

 

Question 14. Which are the two parts of the Central and Deccan Plateau?
Answer: The Central and Deccan Plateau is divided into two parts: the northern part, which is called the Malwa Plateau, and the southern part, which is known as the Deccan Plateau.
In simple words: The Central and Deccan Plateau has two sections: the Malwa Plateau in the north and the Deccan Plateau in the south.

Exam Tip: Clearly state both parts and their geographical orientation (northern/southern) when describing divisions of a landform.

 

Question 15. What divides the Central and Deccan Plateau into two?
Answer: The valley of the Narmada and Son rivers effectively divides the Central and Deccan Plateau into two distinct parts.
In simple words: The Narmada and Son rivers' valley separates the Central and Deccan Plateau into two halves.

Exam Tip: Identify the specific natural feature, like a river valley, that acts as a divider between geographical regions.

 

Question 16. Where are the coastal plains located?
Answer: The coastal plains are located along the coastal borders of the southern part of India.
In simple words: Coastal plains are found on the edges of India's southern coast.

Exam Tip: Specify both the geographical region ("southern part of India") and their position ("along the coastal borders") for complete detail.

 

Question 17. Which are the famous ports of East Coast Plain?
Answer: The famous ports located on the East Coast Plain include Chennai, Pondicherry, Machhalipattanam, and Vishakhapattanam.
In simple words: Important ports on India's East Coast are Chennai, Pondicherry, Machhalipattanam, and Vishakhapattanam.

Exam Tip: When listing specific examples like ports, aim for accuracy in names and ensure they belong to the specified region.

 

Question 18. Which coastal plain is narrow?
Answer: The West Coast Plain is generally narrower compared to the East Coast Plain.
In simple words: The West Coast Plain is thinner than the East Coast Plain.

Exam Tip: For comparative questions, clearly state both entities being compared and the distinguishing characteristic.

 

Question 19. Why is West Coast Plain fertile?
Answer: The West Coast Plain is fertile because it possesses rich alluvium deposits and has rich black soil, which are both excellent for agriculture.
In simple words: The West Coast Plain is good for farming because it has lots of rich soil and fertile black earth.

Exam Tip: Connect fertility directly to geological features like alluvium deposits and soil type.

 

Question 20. Which are the famous ports of West Coast Plain?
Answer: The famous ports on the West Coast Plain include Kandla, Mumbai, Mangalore, Calicut, and Thiruvananthapuram.
In simple words: Important ports along India's West Coast are Kandla, Mumbai, Mangalore, Calicut, and Thiruvananthapuram.

Exam Tip: As with other listings, ensure the names are correct and are associated with the right geographical region.

 

Question 21. Which islands are in west India?
Answer: Lakshadweep and Minikoyna are the main islands located in west India.
In simple words: Lakshadweep and Minikoyna are the islands found on India's western side.

Exam Tip: Clearly state the names of the islands and their general direction relative to mainland India.

 

Question 22. Where are the Andaman and Nicobar islands located?
Answer: The Andaman and Nicobar islands are located in the east of India, specifically in the Bay of Bengal.
In simple words: The Andaman and Nicobar islands are found in the Bay of Bengal, to the east of India.

Exam Tip: Provide both the specific body of water and the general direction when describing island locations.

 

Question 23. What are usually seen in deserts?
Answer: In deserts, one usually finds date trees and camel caravans due to the arid conditions and specific adaptations needed for survival.
In simple words: Deserts often have date trees and lines of camels.

Exam Tip: When describing typical desert features, include both flora and fauna that are characteristic of the environment.

 

Question 24. Why has north Rajasthan turned green?
Answer: North Rajasthan has become greener primarily due to the availability of irrigation facilities provided by the Satluj River through the Indira Canal.
In simple words: North Rajasthan got greener because water from the Satluj River, brought by the Indira Canal, helped irrigate the land.

Exam Tip: Identify specific infrastructure projects or natural resources when explaining significant environmental changes.

 

Question 25. What is the most unique feature of the Rann of Kachchh?
Answer: The most unique feature of the Rann of Kachchh is that the desert area is covered with white sand, giving it a distinctive appearance.
In simple words: The Rann of Kachchh is special because its desert ground is covered in white sand.

Exam Tip: Focus on the most distinguishing characteristic when asked for a "unique feature" of a place.

 

Question 26. How is the land of the Rann of Kachchh?
Answer: The land of the Rann of Kachchh is notably saline and white in colour, primarily due to salt deposits.
In simple words: The land in the Rann of Kachchh is salty and white.

Exam Tip: Describe the visual and chemical properties of the land when explaining its nature.

 

Question 27. Which are the two parts of the Rann of Kachchh?
Answer: The two distinct parts of the Rann of Kachchh are the Little Rann of Kachchh and the Great Rann of Kachchh.
In simple words: The Rann of Kachchh is split into two sections: the Little Rann and the Great Rann.

Exam Tip: Accurately name the sub-regions when asked about parts of a larger geographical feature.

 

Question 28. How is the weather in desert?
Answer: The weather in deserts is typically dry and extremely hot, with significant temperature fluctuations between day and night.
In simple words: Deserts have very dry and super hot weather.

Exam Tip: When describing desert weather, include both temperature and humidity characteristics.

 

Question 29. Why are deserts sparsely populated?
Answer: Deserts are sparsely populated primarily due to two major factors: the scarcity of water and the general unavailability of basic goods and resources necessary for sustaining life.
In simple words: Few people live in deserts because there's not enough water and it's hard to get basic things needed to live.

Exam Tip: Connect population density directly to essential resources like water and basic goods when explaining settlement patterns.

 

Question 1. India lies between __________°N to __________°N latitudes.
(A) 8.4, 37.6
(B) 9.8, 36.7
(C) 8.4, 36.7
(D) 9.8, 37.6
Answer: (A) 8.4, 37.6
In simple words: India's northern and southern boundaries are set by these specific latitude lines.

Exam Tip: Memorize the exact latitude and longitude values for India's geographical extent, as they are crucial factual details.

 

Question 2. India lies in the continent of __________ .
(A) Africa
(B) Australia
(C) Asia
(D) Europe
Answer: (C) Asia
In simple words: India is located on the continent of Asia.

Exam Tip: Knowing India's continent is a basic geographical fact; ensure you are familiar with its place in the world map.

 

Question 3. __________ is in the east of India.
(A) Indian Ocean
(B) Bay of Bengal
(C) Arabian Sea
(D) Gulf of Kachchh
Answer: (B) Bay of Bengal
In simple words: The Bay of Bengal is situated to the eastern side of India.

Exam Tip: Remember the major water bodies surrounding India, including their correct directional placement.

 

Question 4. The Indian Ocean is in the __________ of India.
(A) East
(B) West
(C) North
(D) South
Answer: (D) South
In simple words: The Indian Ocean lies at the southern tip of India.

Exam Tip: Understand the cardinal directions relative to India's landmass and the surrounding oceans.

 

Question 5. __________ is in the north-west of India.
(A) Sri Lanka
(B) China
(C) Bangladesh
(D) Pakistan
Answer: (D) Pakistan
In simple words: Pakistan is located towards the northwest of India.

Exam Tip: Know India's neighboring countries and their relative positions, especially in border areas.

 

Question 6. Which state is the most northern part of India?
(A) Jammu and Kashmir
(B) Himachal Pradesh
(C) Uttarakhand
(D) Haryana
Answer: (A) Jammu and Kashmir
In simple words: Jammu and Kashmir forms the uppermost region of India.

Exam Tip: Be aware of the extreme geographical points and the states/regions that constitute them.

 

Question 7. The southernmost point of India is __________ .
(A) Thirucherrapalli
(B) Thiruvananthapuram
(C) Munnar
(D) Kanyakumari
Answer: (D) Kanyakumari
In simple words: Kanyakumari is the furthest south you can go in mainland India.

Exam Tip: Kanyakumari is a well-known geographical landmark; ensure its name and location are familiar.

 

Question 8. What is the north-south distance of India?
(A) 3214 km
(B) 2933 km
(C) 3120 km
(D) 2812 km
Answer: (A) 3214 km
In simple words: The distance from the top (north) to the bottom (south) of India is 3214 kilometers.

Exam Tip: Exact figures for geographical measurements, like distances and areas, should be memorized.

 

Question 9. Which state is the eastern most corner of India?
(A) Assam
(B) Meghalaya
(C) Arunchal Pradesh
(D) Sikkim
Answer: (C) Arunchal Pradesh
In simple words: Arunachal Pradesh is the state located at India's furthest eastern edge.

Exam Tip: Identify the states that mark the extreme points of India in different directions.

 

Question 10. __________ is in the extreme western corner of India.
(A) Wanakbori
(B) Khedbrahma
(C) Dwarka
(D) Mundra
Answer: (C) Dwarka
In simple words: Dwarka is the city situated at the very westernmost point of India.

Exam Tip: Learn the names of important cities or places located at India's geographical extremes.

 

Question 11. The east-west distance of India is __________ km.
(A) 3214
(B) 2933
(C) 3120
(D) 2812
Answer: (B) 2933
In simple words: India spans 2933 kilometers from its eastern side to its western side.

Exam Tip: Distinguish between north-south and east-west distances to avoid confusion in numerical answers.

 

Question 12. India is the __________ th largest country of the world in terms of area.
(A) 4
(B) 5
(C) 6
(D) 7
Answer: (D) 7
In simple words: When it comes to land size, India is the seventh biggest country globally.

Exam Tip: This is a fundamental fact about India's global standing; ensure you know its rank correctly.

 

Question 13. India is broad in the __________ .
(A) North
(B) Middle
(C) South
(D) None of the options
Answer: (B) Middle
In simple words: India is widest in its central part.

Exam Tip: Remember India's overall shape (narrow at ends, broad in middle) when answering questions about its width.

 

Question 14. There are __________ states in India.
(A) 27
(B) 28
(C) 29
(D) 30
Answer: (B) 28
In simple words: India currently has 28 states.

Exam Tip: Stay updated on administrative divisions as numbers of states and union territories can change.

 

Question 15. There are __________ union territories in India.
(A) 5
(B) 6
(C) 7
(D) 8
Answer: (C) 7
In simple words: India has 7 union territories.

Exam Tip: Be mindful of both the number of states and union territories, as these are basic civics facts.

 

Question 16. The highest mountain range of the world is __________ .
(A) Aravalli
(B) Western Ghats
(C) Eastern Ghats
(D) Himalayas
Answer: (D) Himalayas
In simple words: The Himalayas are known as the world's tallest mountain range.

Exam Tip: The Himalayas are globally recognized for their towering peaks; this is a key geographical fact.

 

Question 17. There are __________ ranges in the Himalayas.
(A) 2
(B) 3
(C) 4
(D) 5
Answer: (B) 3
In simple words: The Himalayas are made up of three main parallel mountain ranges.

Exam Tip: Remember the three primary parallel ranges of the Himalayas: Greater, Central, and Shivalik.

 

Question 18. The northern most range of mountains towards China is called __________ Himalayas.
(A) Higher
(B) Central
(C) Lower
(D) Greater
Answer: (D) Greater
In simple words: The mountain range closest to China in the north is named the Greater Himalayas.

Exam Tip: Associate the "Greater Himalayas" with its northernmost position and proximity to China.

 

Question 19. Which is the highest peak in world?
(A) Kanchenjunga
(B) Nandadevi
(C) Mt. Everest
(D) Mt. Godwin Austin
Answer: (C) Mt. Everest
In simple words: Mount Everest holds the record as the tallest mountain peak on Earth.

Exam Tip: Mt. Everest's status as the world's highest peak is a universally known geographical fact.

 

Question 20. Which is the highest peak in India?
(A) Kanchenjunga
(B) Nandadevi
(C) Mt. Godwin Austin
(D) Mt. Everest
Answer: (C) Mt. Godwin Austin
In simple words: Mount Godwin Austin, also known as K2, is the tallest peak within India.

Exam Tip: Differentiate between the world's highest peak (Everest) and India's highest peak (Godwin Austin/K2).

 

Question 21. Mt. Everest is located in __________ .
(A) Himachal Pradesh
(B) Kashmir
(C) Sikkim
(D) Nepal
Answer: (D) Nepal
In simple words: Mount Everest is located within the country of Nepal.

Exam Tip: While part of the Himalayas, Mt. Everest itself is situated in Nepal, not India.

 

Question 22. What is the height of Mt. Everest?
(A) 8488 m
(B) 8884 m
(C) 8848 m
(D) 8484 m
Answer: (C) 8848 m
In simple words: Mount Everest stands at an impressive height of 8,848 meters.

Exam Tip: Be precise with numerical facts like mountain heights, as small differences can lead to incorrect answers.

 

Question 23. What are Garo, Khansi and Jaintia?
(A) Important peaks of Eastern Himalayas
(B) Important lakes in the Himalayas
(C) Some of the highest peaks of India
(D) Important peaks of the Karakoram Range
Answer: (A) Important peaks of Eastern Himalayas
In simple words: Garo, Khansi, and Jaintia are significant mountain peaks found in the Eastern Himalayas.

Exam Tip: Associate these names with the Eastern Himalayas and recognize them as peaks, not ranges or lakes.

 

Question 24. What Is the height of the highest mountain of India?
(A) 8611 m
(B) 8616m
(C) 8166m
(D) 8116m
Answer: (A) 8611 m
In simple words: India's tallest mountain reaches a height of 8,611 meters.

Exam Tip: Remember that Mt. Godwin Austin (K2) at 8611 m is India's highest peak.

 

Question 25. The Central and Deccan Plateau is in the __________ direction of the plains of North India.
(A) East
(B) West
(C) North
(D) South
Answer: (D) South
In simple words: The Central and Deccan Plateau lies to the south of North India's plains.

Exam Tip: Understand the relative positions of major physiographic divisions in India.

 

Question 26. What is the shape of the Central and Deccan Plateau?
(A) Triangular
(B) Oblongular
(C) Inverted triangle
(D) Both B and C
Answer: (C) Inverted triangle
In simple words: The Central and Deccan Plateau has a shape like an upside-down triangle.

Exam Tip: Visualize the shape of the plateau on a map to remember its distinct form.

 

Question 27. The northern part of the Central and Deccan Plateau is called __________ Plateau.
(A) Malabar
(B) Malwa
(C) Coromandal
(D) Deccan
Answer: (B) Malwa
In simple words: The upper section of the Central and Deccan Plateau is known as the Malwa Plateau.

Exam Tip: Know the names of the distinct parts of the Central and Deccan Plateau and their locations.

 

Question 28. The Central and Deccan Plateau is a treasure house of __________ .
(A) Minerals
(B) Sea food creatures
(C) Timber
(D) Ayurvedic herbs
Answer: (A) Minerals
In simple words: The Central and Deccan Plateau is very rich in various minerals.

Exam Tip: Understand the natural resources associated with different geographical regions, especially plateaus for minerals.

 

Question 29. What is the colour of the soil of Central and Deccan Plateau?
(A) Brown
(B) Red
(C) Black
(D) Yellowish
Answer: (C) Black
In simple words: The soil in the Central and Deccan Plateau region is black.

Exam Tip: Remember the characteristic soil colors of different Indian geographical regions.

 

Question 30. The coastline of India is approximately __________ km long.
(A) 5717
(B) 7517
(C) 5177
(D) 7715
Answer: (B) 7517
In simple words: India's total coastline stretches for about 7,517 kilometers.

Exam Tip: Exact measurements like coastline length are important geographical facts to memorize.

 

Question 31. The West Coast Plain is famous for its __________ .
(A) Ports
(B) Fishing industry
(C) Transportation industry
(D) All of the options
Answer: (D) All of the options
In simple words: The West Coast Plain is well-known for its ports, its fishing businesses, and its transportation activities.

Exam Tip: Recognize the multi-faceted economic importance of coastal regions, encompassing trade, resources, and connectivity.

 

Question 32. Which of these ports is on the East Coast Plain?
(A) Mangalore
(B) Calicut
(C) Machhalipattanam
(D) Thiruvananthapuram
Answer: (C) Machhalipattanam
In simple words: Machhalipattanam is one of the ports located on the East Coast Plain.

Exam Tip: Distinguish between ports located on the East Coast and those on the West Coast of India.

 

Question 33. Lakshadweep islands are in the __________ .
(A) Arabian Sea
(B) Bay of Bengal
(C) Indian Ocean
(D) Pacific Ocean
Answer: (A) Arabian Sea
In simple words: The Lakshadweep islands are found in the Arabian Sea.

Exam Tip: Remember the specific water bodies where India's island groups are located (Lakshadweep in Arabian Sea, Andaman & Nicobar in Bay of Bengal).

 

Question 34. Where is the desert region of Rajasthan?
(A) In the east of the plains of North India
(B) On the west of Aravalli Mountains
(C) In the south of the East Coast Plain
(D) In the north of the Patkoi and Lushai Hills
Answer: (B) On the west of Aravalli Mountains
In simple words: Rajasthan's desert area is located to the west side of the Aravalli Mountains.

Exam Tip: Understand the relative positioning of mountain ranges and desert regions in Rajasthan.

 

Question 35. The land in desert is __________ .
(A) Lumpy
(B) Sandy
(C) Muddy
(D) Marshy
Answer: (B) Sandy
In simple words: The ground in desert areas is mostly covered with sand.

Exam Tip: The primary characteristic of desert land is its sandy composition.

 

Question 36. Which trees mostly grow in deserts?
(A) Date
(B) Oak
(C) Pine
(D) All of the options
Answer: (A) Date
In simple words: Date trees are common in deserts.

Exam Tip: Identify plants that are adapted to thrive in arid desert conditions.

 

Question 37. North Rajasthan is irrigated by __________ river.
(A) Ganga
(B) Godavari
(C) Son
(D) Satluj
Answer: (D) Satluj
In simple words: Water from the Satluj River is used to irrigate farms in North Rajasthan.

Exam Tip: Connect specific rivers and canals to the regions they irrigate, especially in areas like Rajasthan that rely on external water sources.

 

Question 38. The Rann of Kachchh is in __________ .
(A) Gujarat
(B) Rajasthan
(C) Madhya Pradesh
(D) Both A and B
Answer: (A) Gujarat
In simple words: The Rann of Kachchh is located in the state of Gujarat.

Exam Tip: Associate the Rann of Kachchh with the state of Gujarat, as it is a prominent geographical feature there.

 

Question 39. The Rann of Kachchh is the only desert in Gujarat with __________ coloured sand.
(A) Yellow
(B) Light brown
(C) White
(D) Black
Answer: (C) White
In simple words: The Rann of Kachchh is a desert in Gujarat that uniquely has white-colored sand.

Exam Tip: The white color of the Rann of Kachchh's sand is its unique distinguishing feature, making it stand out from other deserts.

 

Fill in the Blanks

 

Question 1. The ................... (water body) is located in the west of India.
Answer: The Arabian Sea is situated to the west of India.
In simple words: The Arabian Sea is on India's western side.

Exam Tip: Remember the geographical location of major water bodies surrounding India to quickly answer such fill-in-the-blanks questions.

 

Question 2. The total land area of India is ................... sq. km.
Answer: The total land area of India is 32,87,263 sq. km.
In simple words: India's total land size is 32,87,263 square kilometers.

Exam Tip: Memorize key statistical facts like the total area of the country as they are frequently asked.

 

Question 3. The shape of India is ................... in the north.
Answer: The shape of India is narrow in the north.
In simple words: India looks thin in its northern part.

Exam Tip: Visualize the map of India to recall its geographical features and shapes in different regions.

 

Question 4. Study of variations in land forms is called ...................
Answer: The study of variations in land forms is called Physiography.
In simple words: Learning about different land shapes is known as physiography.

Exam Tip: Understand key geographical terms and their definitions, as they form the foundation of the subject.

 

Question 5. There are ................... physiographic divisions of India.
Answer: There are Five physiographic divisions of India.
In simple words: India is split into five main natural land regions.

Exam Tip: Be precise with numbers when listing divisions or categories to ensure full accuracy.

 

Question 6. Himalayas are a chain of ................... distinct mountain ranges.
Answer: Himalayas are a chain of Three distinct mountain ranges.
In simple words: The Himalayas have three separate lines of mountains.

Exam Tip: Remember the major classifications and sub-divisions of prominent geographical features like the Himalayas.

 

Question 7. The range of Himalayas that lies towards east India is called ................... range.
Answer: The range of Himalayas that lies towards east India is called Shivalik range.
In simple words: The Shivalik range is the Himalayan section found in eastern India.

Exam Tip: Familiarize yourself with the names of specific mountain ranges and their directional locations within India.

 

Question 8. Mt. Godwin Austin lies in the ................... range.
Answer: Mt. Godwin Austin lies in the Karakoram range.
In simple words: Mount Godwin Austin is located in the Karakoram mountains.

Exam Tip: Know the highest peaks and the mountain ranges they belong to for accurate answers.

 

Question 9. Badrinath is ................... meters high.
Answer: Badrinath is 7138 meters high.
In simple words: Badrinath is 7,138 meters tall.

Exam Tip: Specific measurements of important geographical features are key details to remember.

 

Question 10. The two important ranges of the Eastern Himalayas are ................... and ...................
Answer: The two important ranges of the Eastern Himalayas are Patkoi and Lushai.
In simple words: The Patkoi and Lushai ranges are significant parts of the Eastern Himalayas.

Exam Tip: Distinguish between the different parts and ranges of the Himalayas, especially the eastern sections.

 

Question 11. The Plains of North India are formed by the ................... brought by Himalayan River.
Answer: The Plains of North India are formed by the Alluvium brought by Himalayan River.
In simple words: Northern India's plains were created by river deposits from the Himalayas.

Exam Tip: Understand the role of rivers and their deposits in shaping India's fertile plains.

 

Question 12. ................... is the oldest landmass of India.
Answer: Central and Deccan Plateau is the oldest landmass of India.
In simple words: The Central and Deccan Plateau is India's most ancient land area.

Exam Tip: Identify and recall which geographical features are known for their age or unique characteristics.

 

Question 13. The Central and Deccan Plateau is made up of ...................
Answer: The Central and Deccan Plateau is made up of Hard rocks.
In simple words: This plateau is formed from solid, hard rocks.

Exam Tip: Knowing the geological composition of different regions helps understand their physical characteristics.

 

Question 14. The valleys of ................... and ................... rivers divide the Central and Deccan Plateau into two parts.
Answer: The valleys of Narmada and Son rivers divide the Central and Deccan Plateau into two parts.
In simple words: The Narmada and Son river valleys separate the Central and Deccan Plateau into two sections.

Exam Tip: Focus on significant rivers and their role in dividing or defining major physiographic regions.

 

Question 15. A piece of land covered by water from three sides is called ...................
Answer: A piece of land covered by water from three sides is called Peninsula.
In simple words: A peninsula is land surrounded by water on three sides.

Exam Tip: Clearly distinguish between terms like peninsula and island based on the number of water-covered sides.

 

Question 16. East Coast Plain is mainly known for its ................... industry.
Answer: East Coast Plain is mainly known for its Fishing industry.
In simple words: The East Coast Plain is well-known for its fishing.

Exam Tip: Connect specific regions with their primary economic activities or industries mentioned in the text.

 

Question 17. A piece of land covered by water from all four sides is called ...................
Answer: A piece of land covered by water from all four sides is called Archipelagos (Island).
In simple words: An island or archipelago is land completely surrounded by water.

Exam Tip: Use the precise geographical term for land surrounded by water, distinguishing between single islands and groups (archipelagos).

 

Question 18. The rainfall is less than ................... cm in desert.
Answer: The rainfall is less than 20 cm in desert.
In simple words: Deserts receive less than 20 cm of rain.

Exam Tip: Remember specific climate data such as annual rainfall figures for different regions like deserts.

 

Question 19. ................... animal is used in deserts.
Answer: Camel animal is used in deserts.
In simple words: Camels are utilized as animals in desert areas.

Exam Tip: Identify animals specifically adapted to certain environments, such as camels in deserts.

 

Question 20. ................... canal provides irrigation facility to north Rajasthan.
Answer: Indira canal provides irrigation facility to north Rajasthan.
In simple words: The Indira Canal offers water for farming in northern Rajasthan.

Exam Tip: Know the names of important irrigation projects and the regions they benefit.

 

True or False

 

Question 1. Nandadevi peak is 7871 m high.
Answer: False
In simple words: This statement about Nandadevi peak's height is incorrect.

Exam Tip: Double-check the exact height and location of famous peaks to avoid common errors in true/false questions.

 

Question 2. The plains of north India are highly populated.
Answer: True
In simple words: Northern India's plains have a large population.

Exam Tip: Understand why certain regions are densely populated, linking it to factors like fertile land and water availability.

 

Question 3. Betwa is a famous lake of India.
Answer: False
In simple words: The idea that Betwa is a famous lake in India is not accurate.

Exam Tip: Familiarize yourself with major rivers, lakes, and other water bodies to correctly identify them.

 

Question 4. Machhalipattanam and Thiruvananthapuram are located on the East Coast Plain.
Answer: False
In simple words: This statement is wrong; Thiruvananthapuram is not on the East Coast Plain.

Exam Tip: Be able to locate important cities and ports accurately on India's east and west coasts.

 

Question 5. Minikoyna Islands are in Bay of Bengal.
Answer: False
In simple words: Minikoyna Islands are not in the Bay of Bengal; this statement is false.

Exam Tip: Know the exact locations of India's island groups, differentiating between those in the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea.