GSEB Solutions Class 7 Social Science Chapter 06 Administrative System and Architecture During the Medieval Age 2026-27

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Detailed Chapter 06 Administrative System and Architecture During the Medieval Age GSEB Solutions for Class 7 Social Science

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Class 7 Social Science Chapter 06 Administrative System and Architecture During the Medieval Age GSEB Solutions PDF

1. Answer The Following Questions

Question 1. Explain the administrative system of the Rajput Era. OR * How was the administrative system during Rajput Age?
Answer: The subsequent points explain the administrative system of Rajput Era kingdoms:

A. Succession to throne: The throne succession was hereditary. The king's son typically became the next king. However, the king could choose any son he wanted to enthrone. The chosen heir was known as the Prince of the state. There were a few exceptional cases in the Rajput Era where the king was selected by the people or the ministers. For instance, King Yashaskara of Kashmir was chosen and enthroned by a group of Brahmins, while King Kumarpala of Gujarat was enthroned by the royal court's ministers.

B. Division of labour: Kings of this time primarily worked for the people's welfare. The king appointed various ministers for proper administration and the kingdom's management. These ministers were responsible for different tasks. Nevertheless, there are a few historical instances of poor administration where people faced much suffering.

C. Village administration: The kingdom was divided into various villages. These villages had self-rule institutions that played a vital role in village administration. These bodies were called Panchayats. Each village had its own Panchayat, with its head known as the Mukhi or Sarpanch. The Mukhi or Sarpanch was responsible for the village's protection and justice. Their decisions were final. However, in some situations, the Gramsabha would pass judgment and punish offenders instead of the Mukhi or Sarpanch. Even today, Gram Panchayats and/or Mukhi exist at the village level.

D. Revenue: Land revenue was the primary source of income for the king and his kingdom. Each kingdom determined its own revenue collection amount. However, as a common practice, the sixth part of the revenue generated from crop cultivation was collected as land revenue. Feudal lords or landlords were tasked with collecting these taxes. The lords gave some portion of the tax to the king for state administration and kept the rest to maintain their army. Besides land revenue, people also paid a few other taxes. Furthermore, taxes were collected at ports and octroi centers.
In simple words: The Rajput Era had a hereditary succession, a clear division of labor with ministers, and self-governing village Panchayats. Land revenue, typically one-sixth of the crop, was the main income.

Exam Tip: When explaining administrative systems, break down the answer into key areas like succession, division of labor, and local governance for clarity and completeness.

Question 2. How was art and literature developed in the Medieval Age?
Answer:

Rajput kings were great supporters of art and literature.
The kings sponsored many scholars, academicians, and literary figures.
The age's notable authors composed numerous literary works in Sanskrit, Prakrit, Tamil, Kannada, Telugu, and other languages.

A. Works of Hemchandracharya:

The renowned Jain saint, Guru Hemchandracharya, created 'Kumarpal Charita', a lengthy poetry-based work about the King of Gujarat, Raja Kumarpal, who belonged to the Solanki dynasty.
He also authored a grammar book called 'Siddhem Shabdanushashan'. The term 'Siddh' refers to King Siddhraj Jaisinh, the ruling king, and 'hem' refers to Hemchandracharya.
This book was highly regarded; it was placed on an elephant, and a procession was held in Patan to honor it.

B. Important Poetry:

Magha, a great poet of the Medieval Era, composed 'Shishupalvadha', an epic in Sanskrit. This epic tells the story of Lord Krishna killing Shishupal.
Shriharsh, another poet, wrote 'Naishadacharita', an epic poem about Nal and Damyanti.
Besides these two classic works, poems describing Krishna bhakti (devotion to Lord Krishna) by Radha and Gopis were also composed.
Many poems were also written about the lives and achievements of kings. 'Kumarapal Charita' is one such poem.

C. Other important works:

In addition to poems, dramas were also written during this period.
The great playwright Bhavbhuti wrote ‘Uttaramcharita’ during this era.
Pandit Narayana compiled a collection of stories called 'Hitopdesh', which were based on Panchtantra tales.
Other works include Vishakhadatta's ‘Mudrarakshash’, Kalhana's 'Rajtarangini', Bilhan's ‘Vikramakadev Charit’, Somdeva's ‘Kathasaritsagar’, and Merutunga's 'Prabodhchintamani'.

Thus, the Rajput Era was a golden age for art and literature.
In simple words: The Rajput period saw a significant rise in art and literature, with kings supporting many scholars. Famous works include 'Kumarpal Charita', 'Shishupalvadha', 'Naishadacharita', 'Uttaramcharita', and 'Hitopdesh', showcasing rich contributions in poetry, grammar, and drama.

Exam Tip: When discussing cultural development, remember to mention both general patronage (by kings) and specific examples of notable works and authors to demonstrate a comprehensive understanding.

Question 3. How was the development of sculpture and architecture in the Medieval Age?
Answer:

Rajput kings greatly enjoyed constructing grand and artistic buildings.
They built numerous temples, forts, lakes, palaces, step-wells, and similar structures.
However, the most notable construction during the Rajput Age was temples.

Temple architecture:
(a) Sun Temples:
(1) Sun Temple of Konark:

Many temples dedicated to the Sun God exist in India.
The most famous one is the Sun Temple of Konark in Orissa.
This magnificent artwork was built during the Rajput Age.
It is designed in the shape of a chariot pulled by seven horses.
The temple's splendor has been admired globally.

(2) Sun Temple of Modhera:

The Sun Temple of Modhera is located in Gujarat's Mehsana district.
It is also an outstanding architectural example because it was constructed so that the rising sun's first rays directly fall upon the idol inside the temple.

(3) Sun temple of Kashmir:
Besides the two temples mentioned above, Kashmir's Martand temple is also equally renowned.

(b) Other famous temples:

Many large and famous temples in India were constructed during the Rajput Age.
The Khajuraho temple in Madhya Pradesh and the Puri temple in Bhubaneswar, Orissa, are well-known for their architecture and sculpture.
The Minakshi temple of Madurai is equally famous.
Like the Minakshi temple, almost all South Indian temples feature Gopurams.
Gopurams are grand and decorative entrances placed in front of South Indian temples.
The magnificent and legendary Somnath temple is also very famous.

B. Cave architecture:

Many caves were painted and decorated during the Rajput Era.
The Ellora caves in Maharashtra feature caves depicting Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism.
Among all the Ellora caves, the one housing the Kailash temple is very grand and artistic.
The Elephanta Caves near Mumbai are also beautifully carved and sculpted.
These caves contain a beautiful sculpture of the three-faced Lord Shiva.

India's temples and caves were so artistic and intricately carved that many foreign invaders attempted to loot and plunder them multiple times.
In simple words: The Rajput era saw significant architectural growth, especially in temples, forts, palaces, and step-wells. Notable examples include the Konark, Modhera, and Martand Sun Temples, known for their artistic design and engineering. Cave architecture also flourished, with sites like Ellora and Elephanta showcasing elaborate carvings and religious depictions.

Exam Tip: When describing architectural and sculptural development, categorize your examples (e.g., Sun Temples, Other Temples, Cave Architecture) and highlight unique features of each to provide a structured answer.

Question 4. How did the Rajput rule come to an end? Why?
Answer:

After Mohammad Gazni passed away, many leaders fought amongst themselves to claim the throne of Gazna.
However, India's honorable Rajput kings did not capitalize on this situation.
They did not wish to engage in conspiracy or seize power over Gazna.
Shah-bud-din Ghori then became the King of Gazna.
He was a strong and ambitious ruler.
Similar to Mohammad Gazni, he also planned to attack India.
However, his aim was not to loot or plunder India like Gazni but to establish his own rule in India.
Initially, when he attacked India, he did not succeed.
Queen Naikadevi of Anhilwada Patan offered strong resistance to Shah-bud-din Ghori and defeated him.
Ghori could not forget this defeat for a long period.
Consequently, he did not attack India for 12 years following this defeat.
However, after 12 years, he attacked Delhi again.
Prithviraj Chauhan was the King of Delhi at that time.
He bravely fought against Ghori.
Yet, he was defeated because no Rajput kings supported him in his fight against Ghori.
With this, the Rajput Era concluded in Delhi.
Shah-bud-din Ghori became the King of Delhi after defeating Prithviraj Chauhan.
He expanded his kingdom by conquering more and more territories.
After Shah-bud-din Ghori, his slave Qutub-ud-din Aibak became the king.
Qutub-ud-din Aibak is considered the founder of the Gulam dynasty in India.

Thus, the Rajput Era ended, and the Gulam Age began in India.
In simple words: The Rajput rule ended due to internal disunity and a lack of support for Prithviraj Chauhan against Shah-bud-din Ghori. After Mohammad Gazni, Ghori, an ambitious ruler, aimed to establish his rule in India. Despite an initial defeat by Queen Naikadevi, he returned after 12 years, defeated Prithviraj Chauhan, and laid the foundation for the Gulam dynasty, effectively ending the Rajput Era.

Exam Tip: When detailing historical events like the end of a rule, provide a chronological account, mentioning key figures, their motives, major battles, and the resulting change in power.

Question 5. Who was the first sultan of the Slave Dynasty to rule Delhi?
Answer: Iltutmish was the first Sultan of Delhi to issue standard currency and declare Delhi as his empire's capital. He was the third ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, associated with the Mamluk Dynasty. The Delhi Sultanate lasted for 320 years (1206–1526) across a large part of the Indian subcontinent, situated within the Islamic Empire. The Delhi Sultanate was successively ruled by five dynasties: the Mamluk dynasty (1206–1290), the Khilji dynasty (1290–1320), the Tughlaq dynasty (1320–1414), the Syed dynasty (1814–1851), and the Lodhi dynasty (1851–1527). It included parts of India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. Iltutmish, also known as Shams al-Din Iltutmish, also wrote Altamash (2 April 9, 1236), and was the third great Delhi Sultan of the so-called Das Dynasty. Iltutmish was sold into slavery, but he later married his master's daughter, Cube Al-Din Abak. He strengthened and expanded the Muslim empire in Northern India and made Delhi his capital, where he achieved significant victories. An intelligent and patient politician, trained as a trusted administrator under his predecessors Mu'izz Al-Din Muhammad ibn Samay and Qutb al-Din, he effectively managed the entry of the Iltutmish. In 1225, he forced the Bengali governor to accept Delhi's rights, and immediately after that, he consolidated Muslim holdings again. Iltutmish Mongol managed to protect his kingdom from the threat of attacks, which defined his reign, and he successfully built an administrative structure for the empire. He commissioned 11th-century Islamic classics on governance; and 'Half al-Muluk' ("the conduct of kings”), the first Indo-Muslim classic on governance and warfare, was written for him. He tolerated Hindus despite his advisors and established suitable government seats in Delhi for the first time. His reign and his advisor, Vizier Juni, were praised by contemporary people.
In simple words: Iltutmish was the first Sultan of the Slave Dynasty to rule Delhi. He established Delhi as the capital, issued regular currency, and significantly expanded and consolidated the Muslim empire in Northern India, also known as the Mamluk dynasty.

Exam Tip: When asked about historical figures, state their primary role clearly and then briefly describe their significant contributions or achievements during their rule.

2. Choose The Correct Option And Answer The Following Questions

Question 1. Who had appointed Kumarpal as a king?
(a) His father
(b) His grandfather
(c) Ministers
(d) Army
Answer: (c) Ministers
In simple words: Kumarpal was chosen as king by the ministers.

Exam Tip: Pay attention to specific details about appointments and successions in historical contexts, as these often highlight political structures.

Question 2. Which grammar book was written by Jain Guru Hemchandracharya?
(a) Siddhem Shabdanushashan
(b) Shishupalvadha
(c) Naishadacharita
(d) Kathasaritsagar
Answer: (a) Siddhem Shabdanushashan
In simple words: Jain Guru Hemchandracharya wrote the grammar book 'Siddhem Shabdanushashan'.

Exam Tip: For questions about authors and their works, memorize key pairings to avoid confusion between similar-sounding titles.

Question 3. Where is the Khajuraho temple situated?
(a) Madhya Pradesh
(b) Maharashtra
(c) Gujarat
(d) Karnataka
Answer: (a) Madhya Pradesh
In simple words: The Khajuraho temple is located in Madhya Pradesh.

Exam Tip: Geographic locations of famous monuments are common questions; visualize a map or associate temples with their respective states.

Question 4. Who was the first sultan of Delhi of Gulam dynasty?
(a) Qutub-ud-din Aibak
(b) Iltutmish
(c) Raziya Sultan
(d) None of the options
Answer: (a) Qutub-ud-din Aibak
In simple words: Qutub-ud-din Aibak was the first sultan of the Gulam dynasty in Delhi.

Exam Tip: Remember the founding rulers of dynasties, as they are fundamental to understanding historical periods.

GSEB Class 7 Social Science Administrative System and Architecture During the Medieval Age Additional Important Questions and Answers

Question 1. Explain what is Paliya.
Answer:

Paliya is a type of epitaph or memorial stone.
However, it is erected only for those who achieved martyrdom by protecting and reforming the country.
It serves as a symbol of sacrifice.
These are memorial stones set up as a tribute to martyrs.
During festivals, Paliyas are honored, and songs describing the heroes' glory (in whose memory the Paliyas were built) are sung.

Paliyas play an important part in transmitting our country's culture from one generation to the next.
In simple words: Paliyas are memorial stones or epitaphs built to honor martyrs who sacrificed their lives for the country. They are worshipped during festivals and help pass on cultural stories.

Exam Tip: Define the term clearly and then elaborate on its purpose and cultural significance to give a complete explanation.

Question 2. Who became the new king after the old king died or retired? Explain.
Answer:

Succession to throne: The succession to the throne was hereditary. The king's son typically became the king. However, it was not necessary that only the eldest son would become king. The king could enthrone any son of his choice. The heir selected by the king was called the Prince of the state. There are a few exceptional cases in the Rajput Era where the king was selected by the people or the ministers. For instance, King Yashaskara of Kashmir was chosen and enthroned by a group of Brahmins, while King Kumarpala of Gujarat was enthroned by the royal court's ministers.
In simple words: In the Rajput Era, the throne usually passed to the king's son, following a hereditary system. However, the king had the power to choose any son as his heir, who was known as the Prince. Sometimes, even the people or ministers had a role in selecting the king.

Exam Tip: When discussing succession, highlight both the general rule (hereditary) and any exceptions or specific conditions that applied.

Question 3. Explain how a village was administered in Rajput Era.
Answer:

Village administration: The kingdom was divided into various villages. These villages had self-rule institutions that played a vital role in village administration. These bodies were called Panchayats. Each village had its own Panchayat, with its head known as the Mukhi or Sarpanch. The Mukhi or Sarpanch was responsible for the village's protection and justice. Their decisions were final. However, in some situations, the Gramsabha would pass judgment and punish offenders instead of the Mukhi or Sarpanch. Even today, Gram Panchayats and/or Mukhi exist at the village level.
In simple words: In the Rajput Era, villages had self-governing Panchayats led by a Mukhi or Sarpanch, who handled protection and justice. Their word was final, but sometimes the Gramsabha would make decisions and punish culprits.

Exam Tip: Focus on key terms like "Panchayat," "Mukhi/Sarpanch," and "Gramsabha" to accurately describe village administration.

Question 4. How did the king generate revenue in the Rajput Era?
Answer:

Revenue: Land revenue was the primary source of income for the king and his kingdom. Each kingdom determined its own revenue collection amount. However, as a common practice, the sixth part of the revenue generated from crop cultivation was collected as land revenue. Feudal lords or landlords were tasked with collecting these taxes. The lords gave some portion of the tax to the king for state administration and kept the rest to maintain their army. Besides land revenue, people also paid a few other taxes. Furthermore, taxes were collected at ports and octroi centers.
In simple words: Kings in the Rajput Era mainly earned money from land revenue, typically collecting one-sixth of the crop. Feudal lords collected these taxes, giving a portion to the king and keeping the rest for their army. Other taxes were also collected at ports and octroi centers.

Exam Tip: When explaining revenue systems, identify the main source of income and any additional taxes, along with the collection mechanism.

Question 5. Who helped the king in administration? Explain.
Answer:

Division of labour: Kings of this time primarily worked for the people's welfare. The king appointed various ministers for proper administration and the kingdom's management. These ministers were responsible for different tasks. Nevertheless, there are a few historical instances of poor administration where people faced much suffering.
In simple words: Kings in the Rajput Era appointed various ministers to help with administration. These ministers managed different tasks to ensure the proper functioning and welfare of the kingdom.

Exam Tip: Clearly state the roles of the ministers and their importance in assisting the king with governance.

Question 6. Why is the Rajput Age called the golden period for literature?
Answer:

Rajput kings were passionate about art and literature.
The kings sponsored many scholars, academics, and literary figures.
The age's notable authors composed numerous literary works in Sanskrit, Prakrit, Tamil, Kannada, Telugu, and other languages.

Following is a list of the main works composed during the Rajput Era:

Author/Poet	Work
1. Hemchandracharya	Kumarpal Charita, Siddhem Shabdanushashan
2. Magha	Shishupalvadha
3. Shriharsh	Naishadacharita
4. Bhavbhuti	Uttaramcharita
5. Pandit Narayana	Hitopdesh
6. Vishakhadatta	Mudrarakshash
7. Kalhana	Rajtarangini
8. Bilhan	Vikramakadev Charit
9. Somdeva	Kathasaritsagar
10. Chandbardai	Prithviraj Raso
11. Merutunga	Prabodhchintamani

Besides these, many other works were also composed during this period.

Therefore, the Rajput Age is recognized as a golden era for art and literature.
In simple words: The Rajput Age is considered a golden period for literature because kings generously supported scholars and authors. This patronage led to the creation of many significant literary works in various languages, including famous epics, grammar books, and story collections.

Exam Tip: To answer "golden period" questions, explain *why* it was golden by citing examples of patronage, literary output, and famous works/authors.

Question 7. List the famous temples of India.
Answer: The famous temples of India constructed during the Rajput Era and mentioned in the text are:

(a) Sun Temples:
(1) Sun Temple of Konark (Orissa)
(2) Sun Temple of Modhera (Mehsana district of Gujarat)
(3) Martand temple of Kashmir

(b) Other famous temples:
(1) Khajuraho temple (Madhya Pradesh)
(2) Puri temple (Bhubaneswar, Orissa)
(3) Minakshi temple (Madurai)
(4) Somnath temple (Gujarat)
(5) Kailash temple (Ellora caves)
Additionally, temples at Girnar, Sankheshwar, Shetrunjay, Ambaji, Dwarka, and Shamlaji in Gujarat are also very well-known.
In simple words: Famous Indian temples from this era include the Sun Temples of Konark, Modhera, and Martand, along with Khajuraho, Puri, Minakshi, Somnath, and Kailash temples, showcasing remarkable architecture.

Exam Tip: When listing famous sites, try to group them by type (e.g., Sun Temples) or region if possible, and include their locations for complete answers.

Question 8. Write a note on the Sun Temple of Konark.
Answer:

Sun Temple of Konark:

Many temples dedicated to the Sun God exist in India.
The most famous one is the Sun Temple of Konark in Orissa.
This magnificent artwork was built during the Rajput Age.
It is designed in the shape of a chariot pulled by seven horses.

The temple's splendor has been admired globally.
In simple words: The Sun Temple of Konark in Orissa is a famous Rajput-era masterpiece built like a chariot with seven horses. It honors the Sun God and is globally recognized for its artistic brilliance.

Exam Tip: For notes on specific monuments, include its location, architectural style/unique features, and historical period of construction.

Question 9. Write a note on the Sun Temple of Modhera.
Answer:

Sun Temple of Modhera:

The Sun Temple of Modhera is located in Gujarat's Mehsana district.

It is also an outstanding architectural example because it was constructed so that the rising sun's first rays directly fall upon the idol inside the temple.
In simple words: The Sun Temple of Modhera, found in Gujarat's Mehsana district, is a remarkable piece of architecture built so that the first rays of the rising sun directly shine on its idol.

Exam Tip: When describing temples, focus on unique design elements like the alignment with the sun, which often makes them historically significant.

Question 10. Write a note on the caves of India.
Answer:

Cave architecture:

Many caves were painted and decorated during the Rajput Era.
The Ellora caves in Maharashtra feature caves depicting Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism.
Among all the Ellora caves, the one housing the Kailash temple is very grand and artistic.
The Elephanta Caves near Mumbai are also beautifully carved and sculpted.
These caves contain a beautiful sculpture of the three-faced Lord Shiva.

India's temples and caves were so artistic and intricately carved that many foreign invaders attempted to loot and plunder them multiple times.
In simple words: During the Rajput Era, many caves in India, such as Ellora and Elephanta, were painted, decorated, and intricately carved. They showcase Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain cultures, featuring grand structures like the Kailash temple and beautiful sculptures like the three-faced Lord Shiva.

Exam Tip: For questions about cave architecture, mention key locations (e.g., Ellora, Elephanta), the religions they represent, and notable sculptures or features.

Question 11. List out the famous temples of India.
Answer: The famous temples of India are:

Khajuraho temple of Madhya Pradesh
Puri temple of Bhubaneswar
Sun temple of Konark
Martand temple of Kashmir
Sun temple of Modhera
Minakshi temple of Madurai
Somnath temple of Gujarat
Kailash temple of Ellora caves

Besides these, the temples located at Girnar, Sankheshwar, Shetrunjay, Ambaji, Dwarka, Shamlaji, and other places in Gujarat are also very well-known.
In simple words: Key temples in India include Khajuraho, Puri, Konark, Martand, Modhera, Minakshi, Somnath, and Kailash. Many other famous temples are also found in Gujarat.

Exam Tip: When providing a list, ensure each item is distinct and, if possible, include a relevant detail like location or specific feature.

Question 12. Write a short note on Mohammad Gazni.
Answer:

Rajput kings were brave warriors and known for their sacrifices.
The structures and buildings built during the Rajput Age were so artistic and intricately carved that many foreign invaders repeatedly attempted to loot and plunder them.
These invaders entered India and tried to take away many of its valuables, precious statues, and wonderful art pieces.
One such invader was Mohammad Gazni, the Sultan (King) of Gazna.
He attacked India numerous times between 1000 and 1075 A.D.
Each time he came to India, the Rajputs fiercely fought him. Yet, he somehow managed to loot and plunder our nation.
On one occasion, he attempted to attack the Somnath temple of Gujarat.
King Bhimdev Solanki was the ruling King at that time.

The King and his army, along with the people of Saurashtra and Gujarat—all of them—joined forces and fought Mohammad Gazni, yet he still managed to loot Somnath.
In simple words: Mohammad Gazni, the Sultan of Gazna, was a foreign invader who repeatedly attacked India between 1000 and 1075 A.D. He often looted valuables and temples, including the Somnath temple, despite strong resistance from Rajput kings and the local population.

Exam Tip: When writing about historical figures, include their title, key actions (e.g., invasions, targets), dates, and their impact or encounters with local rulers.

Question 13. Write a short note on the foreign invasions during the Rajput Age.
Answer:

The Rajput Age is renowned for its magnificent structures and grand buildings.
Rajput kings were brave warriors and famous for their sacrifice.
The structures and buildings built during the Rajput Age were so artistic and intricately carved that many foreign invaders repeatedly tried to loot and plunder them.

These invaders entered India and tried to take away many of its valuables, precious statues, and wonderful art pieces.
In simple words: During the Rajput Age, India faced many foreign invasions, driven by the desire to loot the nation's rich artistic structures, precious statues, and other valuables. Despite the valiant efforts and sacrifices of Rajput kings, invaders often succeeded in plundering these treasures.

Exam Tip: Summarize the main reasons for foreign invasions (wealth, art) and the typical outcome (looting, resistance) during the Rajput Age.

Question 14. Write a short note on Shah-bud-din Ghori.
Answer:

After Mohammad Gazni passed away, many leaders fought amongst themselves to claim the throne of Gazna.
However, India's honorable Rajput kings did not capitalize on this situation.
They did not wish to engage in conspiracy or seize power over Gazna.
Shah-bud-din Ghori then became the King of Gazna.
He was a strong and ambitious ruler.
Similar to Mohammad Gazni, he also planned to attack India.
However, his aim was not to loot or plunder India like Gazni but to establish his own rule in India.
Initially, when he attacked India, he did not succeed.
Queen Naikadevi of Anhilwada Patan offered strong resistance to Shah-bud-din Ghori and defeated him.
Ghori could not forget this defeat for a long period.
Consequently, he did not attack India for 12 years following this defeat.
However, after 12 years, he attacked Delhi again.
Prithviraj Chauhan was the King of Delhi at that time.
He bravely fought against Ghori.
Yet, he was defeated because no Rajput kings supported him in his fight against Ghori.
With this, the Rajput Era concluded in Delhi.
Shah-bud-din Ghori became the King of Delhi after defeating Prithviraj Chauhan.
He expanded his kingdom by conquering more and more territories.
After Shah-bud-din Ghori, his slave Qutub-ud-din Aibak became the king.
Qutub-ud-din Aibak is considered the founder of the Gulam dynasty in India.

Thus, the Rajput Era ended, and the Gulam Age began in India.
In simple words: Shah-bud-din Ghori became the King of Gazna after Mohammad Gazni's death and aimed to establish permanent rule in India, unlike Gazni who only looted. Despite an early defeat by Queen Naikadevi, he later conquered Delhi by defeating Prithviraj Chauhan, marking the end of the Rajput Era and the beginning of the Gulam Dynasty.

Exam Tip: Differentiate Ghori's intentions (establishing rule) from Gazni's (looting). Mention his key defeat and subsequent victory, which led to significant political change.

Question 15. Write a note on the works of Hemchandracharya.
Answer:

Works of Hemchandracharya:

The renowned Jain saint, Guru Hemchandracharya, created 'Kumarpal Charita', a lengthy poetry-based work about the King of Gujarat, Raja Kumarpal, who belonged to the Solanki dynasty.
He also authored a grammar book called 'Siddhem Shabdanushashan'. The term 'Siddh' refers to King Siddhraj Jaisinh, the ruling king, and 'hem' refers to Hemchandracharya.

This book was highly regarded; it was placed on an elephant, and a procession was held in Patan to honor it.
In simple words: Hemchandracharya, a Jain saint, is famous for 'Kumarpal Charita,' a poem about King Kumarpal, and 'Siddhem Shabdanushashan,' a grammar book. His works were highly respected and celebrated.

Exam Tip: When detailing a scholar's works, list specific titles and briefly explain their subject matter or significance to show depth of knowledge.

Question 16. Describe the significant works of poetry and literature from the Rajput Era.
Answer: The Rajput Era was rich in literary output, with significant contributions in poetry and other forms:

Magha, a great poet, composed the Sanskrit epic 'Shishupalvadha', detailing the slaying of Shishupal by Lord Krishna.
Shriharsh wrote 'Naishadacharita', another epic poem based on the tale of Nal and Damyanti.
Besides these classics, many poems focused on Krishna bhakti (devotion to Lord Krishna), featuring Radha and Gopis.
Dramas were also prominent; Bhavbhuti wrote ‘Uttaramcharita’, and Pandit Narayana compiled 'Hitopdesh', a collection of stories based on Panchtantra.
Other notable authors and their works include Vishakhadatta’s ‘Mudrarakshash’, Kalhana’s 'Rajtarangini', Bilhan’s ‘Vikramakadev Charit’, Somdeva’s ‘Kathasaritsagar’, and Merutunga’s 'Prabodhchintamani'.

These diverse literary creations highlight why the Rajput Age is recognized as a golden period for literature.
In simple words: The Rajput Era saw many important literary works like Magha's 'Shishupalvadha', Shriharsh's 'Naishadacharita', and Bhavbhuti's 'Uttaramcharita'. Pandit Narayana also created 'Hitopdesh'. These works, spanning epics, dramas, and story collections, showcased a vibrant literary period.

Exam Tip: When asked to describe literary works, name key authors and their titles, and briefly mention the genre or theme of each to provide a comprehensive overview.

Question 17. Which different literary works were composed in the Rajput Age?
Answer:
• Rajput rulers appreciated art and writing.
• These monarchs supported scholars, academics, and writers.
• Important writers during this period produced numerous literary pieces in languages like Sanskrit, Prakrit, Tamil, Kannada, and Telugu.

Author/Poet	Work
1. Hemchandracharya	Kumarpal Charita, Siddhem Shabdanushashan
2. Magha	Shishupalvadha
3. Shriharsh	Naishadacharita
4. Bhavbhuti	Uttaramcharita
5. Pandit Narayana	Hitopdesh
6. Vishakhadatta	Mudrarakshash
7. Kalhana	Rajtarangini
8. Bilhan	Vikramakadev Charit
9. Somdeva	Kathasaritsagar
10. Chandbardai	Prithviraj Raso
11. Merutunga	Prabodhchintamani

Exam Tip: When discussing literary works, always list specific authors and their creations to demonstrate thorough knowledge.

Answer In One Or Two Sentence

Question 1. What are Paliyas?
Answer: Commemorative stones built as a mark of respect for martyrs.
In simple words: Paliyas are memorial stones put up to honor heroes who died for their country.

Exam Tip: Briefly define key historical terms, focusing on their purpose or significance.

Question 2. When are Paliyas worshipped?
Answer: They are honored during festive celebrations.
In simple words: Paliyas are worshipped during festivals to remember the heroes.

Exam Tip: Identify the specific time or event associated with a practice to provide a complete answer.

Question 3. Who enthroned Kumarpal?
Answer: The royal court's ministers placed him on the throne.
In simple words: Ministers in the king's court made Kumarpal the new king.

Exam Tip: When asked about appointments, name the individuals or groups responsible.

Question 4. Who was called the Prince?
Answer: The person chosen by the monarch to inherit the crown was known as the Prince.
In simple words: The son selected by the king to become the next ruler was called the Prince.

Exam Tip: Clearly state who held a specific title and how they attained it, if mentioned.

Question 5. Why did the king appoint ministers?
Answer: Monarchs appointed ministers to ensure effective governance and proper handling of state affairs.
In simple words: Kings chose ministers to help them run the kingdom well and manage everything properly.

Exam Tip: Focus on the primary reasons or objectives behind historical decisions or actions.

Question 6. What was the Mukhi or Sarpanch responsible for?
Answer: The Mukhi or Sarpanch held responsibility for ensuring the village's safety and providing justice.
In simple words: The Mukhi or Sarpanch was in charge of keeping the village safe and fair for everyone.

Exam Tip: When describing roles, list the main duties and responsibilities clearly.

Question 7. Which different taxes existed in the Rajput Age?
Answer: During the Rajput period, various taxes were levied, including land revenue, octroi duty, and port taxes.
In simple words: People in the Rajput Age paid different taxes like land tax, market entry tax, and port fees.

Exam Tip: List specific examples when asked about different types of items or concepts.

Question 8. In which languages were literary works composed in the Rajput Age?
Answer: Literary compositions during the Rajput Age were created in languages such as Sanskrit, Prakrit, Tamil, Telugu, and Kannada.
In simple words: Books and writings in the Rajput Age were made in languages like Sanskrit, Prakrit, Tamil, Telugu, and Kannada.

Exam Tip: Provide a comprehensive list of languages when asked about linguistic diversity in historical periods.

Question 9. What is Shishupalvadha?
Answer: It is an epic poem, penned by the poet Magha in Sanskrit, detailing Lord Krishna's act of slaying Shishupal.
In simple words: Shishupalvadha is a long poem written by Magha in Sanskrit, telling the story of Lord Krishna killing Shishupal.

Exam Tip: When identifying literary works, mention the author, language, and main theme.

Question 10. What is Naishadacharita?
Answer: This is an epic poem composed by the poet Shriharsh, narrating the tale of Nal and Damyanti.
In simple words: Naishadacharita is an epic poem by Shriharsh, which tells the story of Nal and Damyanti.

Exam Tip: Include the author and the central theme when describing an epic poem or story.

Question 11. Which works of Hemchandracharya are very famous?
Answer: Hemchandracharya's renowned works include 'Kumarpal Charita', a life story of Solanki King Kumarpal of Gujarat, and 'Siddhem Shabdanushashan', a significant grammar book.
In simple words: Hemchandracharya is famous for 'Kumarpal Charita', a book about King Kumarpal, and 'Siddhem Shabdanushashan', a grammar book.

Exam Tip: For influential figures, list their significant contributions, especially major literary or academic works.

Question 12. How was Siddhem Shabdanushashan honoured?
Answer: This book received honor by being placed on an elephant, followed by a procession in Patan, Gujarat, as a mark of respect.
In simple words: To honor the book 'Siddhem Shabdanushashan', it was carried on an elephant in a parade through Patan, Gujarat.

Exam Tip: Describe unique historical events or ceremonies associated with important artifacts or individuals.

Question 13. What does the term 'Siddhem' refer to?
Answer: The term 'Siddhem' represents a combination, referring to King Siddhrai Jaisinh and the respected Acharya Hemchandracharya.
In simple words: 'Siddhem' is a name that includes both King Siddhrai Jaisinh and Acharya Hemchandracharya.

Exam Tip: Define historical terms clearly, providing all associated names or meanings.

Question 14. What is Uttaramcharita?
Answer: 'Uttaramcharita' is a play authored by Bhavbhuti during the Rajput period.
In simple words: Uttaramcharita is a drama written by Bhavbhuti from the Rajput Era.

Exam Tip: Identify the type of work (e.g., drama, epic) and its author for literary questions.

Question 15. What is Hitopdesh?
Answer: 'Hitopdesh' is a compilation of tales, drawing inspiration from the Panchtantra, created by Pandit Narayana.
In simple words: Hitopdesh is a collection of stories based on the Panchtantra, written by Pandit Narayana.

Exam Tip: Mention the nature of the work, its inspiration, and the author.

Question 16. Which temples are famous for their architecture and sculpture?
Answer: Famous temples renowned for their beautiful architecture and intricate sculptures include the Khajuraho temple in Madhya Pradesh and the Puri temple in Bhubaneswar.
In simple words: The Khajuraho temple in Madhya Pradesh and the Puri temple in Bhubaneswar are known for their great architecture and carvings.

Exam Tip: List prominent examples when asked to identify famous structures or artworks.

Question 17. Which are the famous Sun temples of India?
Answer: Notable Sun temples in India include the Sun temple of Konark, the Sun temple of Modhera, and the Martand temple of Kashmir.
In simple words: Famous Sun temples in India are the Konark Sun temple, the Modhera Sun temple, and the Martand temple in Kashmir.

Exam Tip: Provide a comprehensive list of specific examples for geographically significant structures.

Question 18. What is the speciality of the Sun temple of Modhera?
Answer: The unique feature of the Modhera Sun Temple is that the first rays of the rising sun directly illuminate the idol of the Sun God within.
In simple words: The Modhera Sun Temple is special because the sun's first rays hit the idol of the Sun God directly when it rises.

Exam Tip: Describe unique architectural or design elements that make a structure special.

Question 19. Why is the Sun temple of Konark considered a brilliant masterpiece?
Answer: The Konark Sun Temple is regarded as an architectural marvel because it is designed in the form of a grand chariot pulled by seven horses.
In simple words: The Konark Sun Temple is a masterpiece because it looks like a huge chariot being pulled by seven horses.

Exam Tip: Explain the specific design features that contribute to a structure's renown.

Question 20. The caves of which religion are there in Ellora?
Answer: The Ellora caves feature religious sites associated with Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism.
In simple words: Ellora caves have sites for Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism.

Exam Tip: List all relevant religions or cultures when discussing multi-religious sites.

Question 21. What is the most beautiful sculpture of the Elephanta Caves?
Answer: The most stunning sculpture in the Elephanta Caves is the depiction of the three-faced Lord Shiva.
In simple words: The best sculpture at Elephanta Caves is the one showing Lord Shiva with three faces.

Exam Tip: Identify specific prominent artworks or sculptures when asked about a site's artistic highlights.

Question 22. What is Gopuram?
Answer: A Gopuram is a large, ornate, and decorative gateway typically found at the entrance of South Indian temples.
In simple words: A Gopuram is a tall, fancy entrance gate for temples in South India.

Exam Tip: Define architectural terms accurately, specifying their location and function.

Question 23. What is the Rajput Age well known for?
Answer: The Rajput Age is highly regarded for its periods of great glory and acts of noble sacrifice.
In simple words: The Rajput Age is famous for its great achievements and brave sacrifices.

Exam Tip: Summarize the key characteristics or reputation of a historical era.

Question 24. Who was Mohammad Gazni?
Answer: Mohammad Gazni was the Sultan of Gazna, known for repeatedly invading and plundering India.
In simple words: Mohammad Gazni was the King of Gazna who often attacked and robbed India.

Exam Tip: Identify historical figures by their title, origin, and most significant actions.

Question 25. Who became the King of Gazna after Mohammad Gazni?
Answer: After Mohammad Gazni's death, Shah-bud-din Ghori took over as the King of Gazna.
In simple words: Shah-bud-din Ghori became the King of Gazna after Mohammad Gazni died.

Exam Tip: Accurately name successors or key figures in leadership transitions.

Question 26. Why did Shah-bud-din Ghori attack India?
Answer: Shah-bud-din Ghori attacked India with the intention of establishing his own dominion here.
In simple words: Shah-bud-din Ghori invaded India because he wanted to set up his own rule in the country.

Exam Tip: State the primary motive or goal behind major historical conflicts.

Question 27. Who gave a tough fight to Shah-bud-din Ghori?
Answer: Queen Naikadevi of Anhilwada Patan presented a strong resistance against Shah-bud-din Ghori.
In simple words: Queen Naikadevi of Anhilwada Patan fought bravely against Shah-bud-din Ghori.

Exam Tip: Identify key figures involved in significant historical battles or confrontations.

Question 28. When did the Rajput Era end?
Answer: The Rajput Era concluded when Shah-bud-din Ghori defeated Prithviraj Chauhan and subsequently assumed the throne of Delhi.
In simple words: The Rajput Era ended after Shah-bud-din Ghori beat Prithviraj Chauhan and became the King of Delhi.

Exam Tip: Describe the pivotal event that marked the end of a historical period, including key individuals.

Question 29. Who was Qutub-ud-din Aibak?
Answer: Qutub-ud-din Aibak was a slave of Shah-bud-din Ghori, who founded the Gulam dynasty's rule in India and ascended the throne after Ghori.
In simple words: Qutub-ud-din Aibak was Shah-bud-din Ghori's slave. He started the Gulam dynasty in India and became king after Ghori.

Exam Tip: Provide a brief description of significant historical figures, highlighting their origins and main achievements.

Question 30. Why was Prithviraj Chauhan defeated by Ghori?
Answer: Prithviraj Chauhan suffered defeat against Ghori because he lacked support from other Rajput rulers.
In simple words: Prithviraj Chauhan lost to Ghori because other Rajput kings did not help him in the fight.

Exam Tip: Identify the main factors, especially strategic alliances or lack thereof, influencing historical battle outcomes.

Question 31. What happened when the Rajput Era ended?
Answer: With the end of the Rajput Era, significant changes occurred, including shifts in the kingdom's administration and numerous societal transformations.
In simple words: When the Rajput Era finished, the way the kingdom was run changed, and many big changes happened in society.

Exam Tip: Describe the broad consequences or shifts that follow a major historical period's conclusion.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1. Paliya is a symbol of
(a) Sacrifice
(b) Glory
(c) Warriorship
(d) Tribute
Answer: (a) Sacrifice
In simple words: Paliya represents an act of giving up something important for a greater cause.

Exam Tip: Understand the symbolic meaning of historical artifacts or practices.

Question 2. The Paliyas are a tribute to
(a) Kings
(b) Warriors
(c) Martyrs
(d) All of the options
Answer: (c) Martyrs
In simple words: Paliyas are monuments honoring people who died for their beliefs or country.

Exam Tip: Know the purpose and intended recipients of memorial structures.

Question 3. The Rajputs ruled over India after the \( 7^{th} \) century.
(a) \( 5^{th} \)
(b) \( 6^{th} \)
(c) \( 7^{th} \)
(d) \( 8^{th} \)
Answer: (c) \( 7^{th} \)
In simple words: The Rajput rulers started their reign in India after the seventh century.

Exam Tip: Remember the approximate timeframes and key historical periods for rulers and dynasties.

Question 4. In the Rajput dynasty, who selected the next king?
(a) The ruling king
(b) His ministers
(c) His people
(d) All of the options
Answer: (d) All of the options
In simple words: During the Rajput period, the next king could be chosen in various ways: by the current king, by his ministers, or sometimes even by the people. This meant there was no single fixed rule for succession.

Exam Tip: Be aware that historical succession rules could be complex, involving different stakeholders.

Question 5. King Yashaskara was the King of
(a) Himachal Pradesh
(b) Haryana
(c) Kashmir
(d) Bengal
Answer: (c) Kashmir
In simple words: King Yashaskara was the ruler of Kashmir.

Exam Tip: Associate specific historical rulers with their respective kingdoms or regions.

Question 6. King Yashaskara was enthroned by a group of
(a) Muslims
(b) Vaishyas
(c) Kshatriyas
(d) Brahmins
Answer: (d) Brahmins
In simple words: A group of Brahmins were responsible for placing King Yashaskara on the throne.

Exam Tip: Identify the social or political groups involved in significant historical events like enthronement.

Question 7. Which king was selected for the throne by the ministers of the royal court?
(a) Bhimdev-II
(b) Kumarpal
(c) Siddhraj
(d) Devraja
Answer: (b) Kumarpal
In simple words: The ministers of the royal court chose Kumarpal to be the king.

Exam Tip: Distinguish between kings who inherited their throne and those who were chosen by others.

Question 8. __________ was the main income of the kingdom.
(a) Land revenue
(b) Octroi taxes
(c) Import duties
(d) Export duties
Answer: (a) Land revenue
In simple words: The primary source of money for the kingdom was taxes collected from land.

Exam Tip: Understand the primary economic sources that supported kingdoms in different historical periods.

Question 9. __________ part of the cultivation was taken as the land revenue.
(a) Fourth
(b) Sixth
(c) Eight
(d) Tenth
Answer: (b) Sixth
In simple words: One-sixth of the farmed crops was collected as tax on land.

Exam Tip: Recall specific historical ratios or percentages related to taxation systems.

Question 10. Who wrote Shishupalvadha?
(a) Bhavbhuti
(b) Bana
(c) Magha
(d) Kalhana
Answer: (c) Magha
In simple words: The epic poem 'Shishupalvadha' was authored by the poet Magha.

Exam Tip: Memorize the authors associated with major literary works of a period.

Question 11. Who killed Shishupal?
(a) Lord Shiva
(b) Lord Brahma
(c) Lord Vishnu
(d) Lord Krishna
Answer: (d) Lord Krishna
In simple words: Lord Krishna was the one who defeated and killed Shishupal.

Exam Tip: Know the key figures and events in mythological or epic narratives.

Question 12. Who wrote Naishadacharita?
(a) Shriharsh
(b) Vishakhadatta
(c) Merutunga
(d) Somdeva
Answer: (a) Shriharsh
In simple words: The renowned epic 'Naishadacharita' was written by Shriharsh.

Exam Tip: Match authors to their specific literary contributions.

Question 13. Naishadacharita is the story of __________ and __________.
(a) Jesal, Toral
(b) Nal, Damyanti
(c) Radha, Krishna
(d) Savitri, Yamraj
Answer: (b) Nal, Damyanti
In simple words: The 'Naishadacharita' tells the tale of Nal and Damyanti.

Exam Tip: Recall the main characters or subjects of renowned historical narratives.

Question 14. Kumarpal was a __________ King.
(a) Gohil
(b) Parmar
(c) Solanki
(d) Chedi
Answer: (c) Solanki
In simple words: Kumarpal belonged to the Solanki dynasty of kings.

Exam Tip: Associate kings with their specific dynasties or lineages.

Question 15. Who wrote Kumarpal Charita?
(a) Siddhraj Jaisinh
(b) Pandit Narayana
(c) Hemchandracharya
(d) Chandbardai
Answer: (c) Hemchandracharya
In simple words: Hemchandracharya was the author of the 'Kumarpal Charita'.

Exam Tip: Identify the authors of prominent historical or literary biographies.

Question 16. Which book was kept on an elephant and a procession was carried out to honour it?
(a) Kumarpal Charita
(b) Siddhem Shabdanushashan
(c) Uttaramcharita
(d) Shishupalvadha
Answer: (b) Siddhem Shabdanushashan
In simple words: The book 'Siddhem Shabdanushashan' was paraded on an elephant as a sign of respect.

Exam Tip: Remember unique historical events related to the recognition of literary works.

Question 17. A procession was carried out in in the honour of Siddhem Shabdanushashan.
(a) Siddhpur
(b) Morbi
(c) Sankheda
(d) Patan
Answer: (d) Patan
In simple words: The honoring procession for Siddhem Shabdanushashan took place in the city of Patan.

Exam Tip: Recall the specific locations where significant historical events took place.

Question 18. 'Uttaramcharita' is a __________
(a) Drama
(b) Poetry
(c) Fiction
(d) Short story
Answer: (a) Drama
In simple words: 'Uttaramcharita' is categorized as a dramatic work.

Exam Tip: Classify literary works by their genre (e.g., drama, epic, poetry).

Question 19. 'Hitopdesh' is based on __________
(a) Mahabharata
(b) Quran of Islam
(c) Tales of Panchtantra
(d) Kalidas' epic Meghdoot
Answer: (c) Tales of Panchtantra
In simple words: 'Hitopdesh' draws its inspiration from the stories of Panchtantra.

Exam Tip: Identify the source material or inspiration for classic literary collections.

Question 20. Who wrote Uttaramcharita?
(a) Hemchandracharya
(b) Magha
(c) Shriharsh
(d) Bhavbhuti
Answer: (d) Bhavbhuti
In simple words: Bhavbhuti is recognized as the author of 'Uttaramcharita'.

Exam Tip: Match authors to their major literary creations.

Question 21. Uttaramcharita : Bhavbhuti : Mudrarakshash : __________
(a) Vishakhadatta
(b) Kalhan
(c) Merutunga
(d) Somdeva
Answer: (a) Vishakhadatta
In simple words: This question asks you to complete the pattern: Uttaramcharita was written by Bhavbhuti, so Mudrarakshash was written by Vishakhadatta.

Exam Tip: Recognize patterns of author-work relationships and complete analogies based on historical literary facts.

Question 22. Which book did Kalhan write?
(a) Mudrarakshash
(b) Rajtarangini
(c) Kathasaritsagar
(d) Prabodhchintamani
Answer: (b) Rajtarangini
In simple words: Kalhan is famously known for writing the book 'Rajtarangini'.

Exam Tip: Directly recall the specific works attributed to well-known historical authors.

Question 23. Hemchandracharya : Kumarpal Charita : Bilhan : __________ Charita
(a) Naishada
(b) Prithviraj
(c) Uttaram
(d) Vikramakadev
Answer: (d) Vikramakadev
In simple words: The pattern shows Hemchandracharya wrote Kumarpal Charita, so Bilhan wrote Vikramakadev Charita.

Exam Tip: Apply given examples to deduce the correct match in an author-work relationship.

Question 24. Pandit Narayana : Hitopdesh : Somdeva : __________
(a) Uttaramcharita
(b) Naishadcharita
(c) Prabodhchintamani
(d) Kathasaritsagar
Answer: (d) Kathasaritsagar
In simple words: Following the pattern where Pandit Narayana wrote Hitopdesh, Somdeva wrote Kathasaritsagar.

Exam Tip: Complete author-work analogies by identifying the correct literary piece for the given author.

Question 25. Who is the author of Prabodhchintamani?
(a) Kalhan
(b) Bilhan
(c) Somdeva
(d) Merutunga
Answer: (d) Merutunga
In simple words: Merutunga is credited with writing the text 'Prabodhchintamani'.

Exam Tip: Identify the author of historical texts by name, especially for less common works.

Question 26. The construction of the __________ of the Rajput Age is most noteworthy.
(a) Temples
(b) Forts
(c) Palaces
(d) Step-wells
Answer: (a) Temples
In simple words: Temples were the most remarkable constructions made during the Rajput Age.

Exam Tip: Recognize the most significant architectural contributions of a specific historical period.

Question 27. Where are the temples of Khajuraho located?
(a) Madhya Pradesh
(b) Maharashtra
(c) Gujarat
(d) Karnataka
Answer: (a) Madhya Pradesh
In simple words: The Khajuraho temples are located in the state of Madhya Pradesh.

Exam Tip: Memorize the states or regions where famous historical sites are situated.

Question 28. Puri temple is in __________
(a) Bhubaneswar
(b) Ujjain
(c) Chandigarh
(d) Siliguri
Answer: (a) Bhubaneswar
In simple words: The famous Puri temple is located in Bhubaneswar.

Exam Tip: Associate major temples with their specific cities or locations.

Question 29. The Sun temple of __________ is very famous.
(a) Mandu
(b) Jaisalmer
(c) Varangal
(d) Konark
Answer: (d) Konark
In simple words: The Sun temple of Konark is widely known and highly regarded.

Exam Tip: Identify specific famous temples by their distinct names and historical significance.

Question 30. In Gujarat, the Sun temple is located at __________
(a) Morbi
(b) Modhera
(c) Champaner
(d) Anjar
Answer: (b) Modhera
In simple words: The Sun temple in Gujarat can be found in Modhera.

Exam Tip: Distinguish between famous temples and their exact geographical locations within a region.

Question 31. Which temple has the shape of a chariot?
(a) Sun Temple of Konark
(b) Minakshi temple
(c) Martand temple
(d) Sun Temple of Modhera
Answer: (a) Sun Temple of Konark
In simple words: The Sun Temple of Konark is uniquely designed to resemble a chariot.

Exam Tip: Recall unique architectural features that define famous religious structures.

Question 32. Martand temple is in __________
(a) Punjab
(b) Tamil Nadu
(c) Kashmir
(d) Bengal
Answer: (c) Kashmir
In simple words: The Martand temple is situated in the region of Kashmir.

Exam Tip: Link specific historical temples to their precise geographical states or regions.

Question 33. The chariot of the Sun temple of Konark is driven by ---------- horses.
(A) 5
(B) 7
(C) 11
(D) 21
Answer: (B) 7
In simple words: The famous Konark Sun Temple features a chariot pulled by seven horses, symbolizing the sun god's movement.

Exam Tip: Remember the specific number of horses associated with the Konark Sun Temple chariot, as it's a common detail tested.

Question 34. One finds the caves of ---------- in Ellora.
(A) Hinduism
(B) Buddhism
(C) Jainism
(D) All of these
Answer: (D) All of these
In simple words: The Ellora Caves hold a mix of Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain rock-cut architecture.

Exam Tip: Note that the Ellora Caves are unique for representing three major Indian religions in one complex, showcasing religious harmony.

Question 35. The ---------- temple of Ellora is very grand.
(A) Kailash
(B) Omkareshwar
(C) Kameshwar
(D) Shiva-Parvati
Answer: (A) Kailash
In simple words: The Kailash Temple at Ellora is a huge, single-rock structure known for its impressive size and detailed carvings.

Exam Tip: The Kailash Temple at Ellora is a standout example of Indian rock-cut architecture; remember its name and location.

Question 36. The Elephanta caves are near ----------.
(A) Aurangabad
(B) Mumbai
(C) Nasik
(D) Nagpur
Answer: (B) Mumbai
In simple words: The Elephanta Caves are located close to the city of Mumbai.

Exam Tip: Remember the geographical proximity of Elephanta Caves to Mumbai, as it helps in localizing this historical site.

Question 37. A beautiful sculpture of Lord ---------- is there in the Elephanta caves.
(A) Brahma
(B) Vishnu
(C) Shiva
(D) Krishna
Answer: (C) Shiva
In simple words: The Elephanta Caves are famous for having a stunning sculpture of Lord Shiva.

Exam Tip: The multi-faced sculpture of Lord Shiva is the most iconic artwork at the Elephanta Caves; ensure you link it correctly.

Question 38. Minakshi temple is in ----------.
(A) Thiruvananthpuram
(B) Thirucherrapalli
(C) Madurai
(D) Pondicherry
Answer: (C) Madurai
In simple words: The Minakshi Temple can be found in the city of Madurai.

Exam Tip: Accurately place famous temples like the Minakshi Temple with their corresponding cities for full marks.

Question 39. Gopurams are found in the temples of ---------- India.
(A) East
(B) West
(C) North
(D) South
Answer: (D) South
In simple words: Large, decorated gateways called Gopurams are typically seen in temples located in South India.

Exam Tip: Gopurams are a characteristic architectural element of South Indian temples; associate them with this region.

Question 40. The grand temple of ---------- of Gujarat was attacked many a times.
(A) Ambaji
(B) Somnath
(C) Shetrunjay
(D) Dwarka
Answer: (B) Somnath
In simple words: The great Somnath Temple in Gujarat was attacked several times throughout history.

Exam Tip: The Somnath Temple is historically significant for its repeated destruction and rebuilding; remember its resilience.

Question 41. Who was the ruling king when Mohammad Gazni attacked Somnath?
(A) Siddhraj Jaisinh
(B) Bhimdev Solanki
(C) Kumarpal
(D) Krishna Kumar Sinhji
Answer: (B) Bhimdev Solanki
In simple words: King Bhimdev Solanki was the ruler when Mohammad Gazni attacked the Somnath temple.

Exam Tip: Knowing the rulers contemporary to major invasions helps in understanding the historical context and responses.

Question 42. Naikadevi was the Queen of ----------.
(A) Dwar Samudra
(B) Indraprastha
(C) Anhilwada Patan
(D) Bundelkhand
Answer: (C) Anhilwada Patan
In simple words: Queen Naikadevi was the queen of Anhilwada Patan.

Exam Tip: Identify the correct kingdom or region associated with historical figures to ensure accuracy in your answers.

Question 43. Which king gave a tough fight to Shah-bud-din Ghori?
(A) Mulraj Solanki
(B) Bhimdev Solanki
(C) Someshwar Chauhan
(D) Prithviraj Chauhan
Answer: (D) Prithviraj Chauhan
In simple words: King Prithviraj Chauhan bravely fought against Shah-bud-din Ghori.

Exam Tip: Remember key battles and the rulers involved in significant historical conflicts, such as Prithviraj Chauhan's resistance against Ghori.

Question 44. After his defeat, Shah-bud-din Ghori did not attack India for ---------- years.
(A) 20
(B) 18
(C) 16
(D) 12
Answer: (D) 12
In simple words: After his first loss, Shah-bud-din Ghori waited for 12 years before attacking India again.

Exam Tip: Exact durations and intervals in historical events are often tested; commit them to memory.

Question 45. Shah-bud-din Ghori established his rule in ----------.
(A) Gujarat
(B) Bhopal
(C) Delhi
(D) Lahore
Answer: (C) Delhi
In simple words: Shah-bud-din Ghori set up his rule in the city of Delhi.

Exam Tip: Focus on the capital cities established by invaders, as they signify major political shifts.

Question 46. Shah-bud-din Ghori was the King of ----------.
(A) Afghan
(B) Ghana
(C) Peru
(D) Gazna
Answer: (D) Gazna
In simple words: Shah-bud-din Ghori was the king who came from Gazna.

Exam Tip: Identify the origin or kingdom of significant historical figures like Ghori for factual accuracy.

Question 47. In which district of Gujarat is the Sun temple of Modhera situated?
(A) Sabarkantha
(B) Mehsana
(C) Banaskantha
(D) Ahmedabad
Answer: (B) Mehsana
In simple words: The Sun Temple of Modhera is found in the Mehsana district of Gujarat.

Exam Tip: Remember specific district-level locations of famous monuments to score well on detailed geography questions.

Fill In The Blanks

Question 1. A group of people who sing folk songs is called ----------.
Answer: Lokdayaro
In simple words: A group of folk singers is known as Lokdayaro.

Exam Tip: Accurately define cultural terms like 'Lokdayaro' to demonstrate knowledge of local traditions.

Question 2. The heir selected by the king to succeed his throne was called the ----------.
Answer: Prince
In simple words: The king's chosen successor was known as the Prince.

Exam Tip: Understand royal titles and their roles in succession to accurately answer questions about leadership transitions.

Question 3. Kings always worked for ----------.
Answer: Public welfare
In simple words: Kings constantly focused on the benefit of their people.

Exam Tip: Remember that a primary duty of ancient rulers was to ensure the well-being of their kingdom, often referred to as public welfare.

Question 4. The King appointed various ---------- to assist him in his work.
Answer: Ministers
In simple words: The king chose different ministers to help him with his duties.

Exam Tip: Understand the structure of ancient administration, noting the king's reliance on ministers for governance.

Question 5. The ---------- looked after the administration of the village in the Medieval period.
Answer: Gram Panchayat
In simple words: The Gram Panchayat managed the village affairs during the Medieval Age.

Exam Tip: Focus on the local governance bodies and their responsibilities, such as the Gram Panchayat's role in village administration.

Question 6. The head of the Viliage Panchayat was called ---------- or ----------.
Answer: Mukhi, Sarpanch
In simple words: The leader of the village council was called either a Mukhi or a Sarpanch.

Exam Tip: Be aware of the various titles given to village heads in different historical contexts or regions.

Question 7. The words of the ---------- was the final verdict in a Gram Panchayat.
Answer: Mukhi/Sarpanch
In simple words: The decision made by the Mukhi or Sarpanch was the ultimate ruling in a village council.

Exam Tip: Understand the authority structure within a Gram Panchayat, recognizing the final say often rested with its head.

Question 8. In some cases, the ---------- institute also passed judgement in the Rajput Age.
Answer: Gramsabha
In simple words: Sometimes, the Gramsabha also made legal decisions during the Rajput period.

Exam Tip: Note that while Mukhi/Sarpanch held authority, the Gramsabha also played a judicial role in certain situations.

Question 9. ---------- collected land revenue.
Answer: Feudal lords
In simple words: Feudal lords were responsible for gathering land tax.

Exam Tip: Understand the role of feudal lords in the financial administration and tax collection systems of the Rajput era.

Question 10. Shishupalvadha has been written in ---------- language.
Answer: Sanskrit
In simple words: The epic 'Shishupalvadha' was composed in the Sanskrit language.

Exam Tip: Correctly identify the language of major literary works to show comprehensive knowledge of historical literature.

Question 11. In 'Siddhem, the first term 'Siddh-' stands for ----------.
Answer: King Siddhraj Jaisinh
In simple words: The word 'Siddh-' in 'Siddhem' refers to King Siddhraj Jaisinh.

Exam Tip: Understanding the origins of names and terms in historical texts can provide deeper insights into their context.

Question 12. Hemchandracharya was a saint of ---------- religion.
Answer: Jain
In simple words: Hemchandracharya was a holy man from the Jain faith.

Exam Tip: Associate prominent historical figures with their religious affiliations, especially when they are known saints or scholars.

Question 13. ---------- wrote 'Hitopdesh'.
Answer: Pandit Narayana
In simple words: Pandit Narayana authored the work called 'Hitopdesh'.

Exam Tip: Accurately attribute famous literary works to their correct authors for factual precision.

Question 14. Chandbardai wrote ----------.
Answer: Prithviraj Raso
In simple words: Chandbardai wrote the epic poem 'Prithviraj Raso'.

Exam Tip: Connect authors with their key literary creations, such as Chandbardai and 'Prithviraj Raso', to show comprehensive knowledge.

Question 15. The Sun temple in Kashmir is called ---------- temple.
Answer: Martand
In simple words: The Sun temple in Kashmir is known as the Martand Temple.

Exam Tip: Be precise with the names of famous temples and their specific locations, like the Martand Sun Temple in Kashmir.

Question 16. The Kailash temple is in ---------- caves.
Answer: Ellora
In simple words: The Kailash Temple is found within the Ellora caves.

Exam Tip: Remember the location of prominent temples within larger cave complexes, such as Kailash Temple in Ellora.

Question 17. In the Sun temple of ---------- the first rays of sun directly fall on the idol of the temple.
Answer: Modhera
In simple words: At the Modhera Sun Temple, the first sunlight shines directly on the main idol.

Exam Tip: Highlight unique architectural features, like the precise alignment of the Modhera Sun Temple with the sun's rays, for specific questions.

Question 18. The grand artistic entrance of the south Indian temples is called ----------.
Answer: Gopuram
In simple words: The large, decorative gate of South Indian temples is named Gopuram.

Exam Tip: Understand key architectural terms specific to different regions, such as 'Gopuram' for South Indian temple entrances.

Question 19. Mohammad Gazni attacked India many times between ---------- to ---------- A.D.
Answer: 1000 to 1075
In simple words: Mohammad Gazni raided India repeatedly between the years 1000 and 1075 A.D.

Exam Tip: Memorize important historical date ranges and periods associated with significant events and invasions.

Question 20. Mohammad Gazni was the sultan of ----------.
Answer: Gazna
In simple words: Mohammad Gazni was the ruler of Gazna.

Exam Tip: Identify the correct place of origin for invaders to accurately place them in historical context.

Question 21. Queen ---------- defeated Shah-bud-din Ghori.
Answer: Naikadevi
In simple words: Queen Naikadevi was the one who defeated Shah-bud-din Ghori.

Exam Tip: Remember the names of significant female rulers and their military achievements, such as Queen Naikadevi's victory.

Question 22. ---------- is the founder of the Gulam dynasty.
Answer: Qutub-ud-din Aibak
In simple words: Qutub-ud-din Aibak established the Gulam dynasty.

Exam Tip: Focus on the founders of major dynasties as this is crucial information for understanding historical periods.

Question 23. Qutub-din Aibak was the slave of ----------.
Answer: Shah-bud-din Ghori
In simple words: Qutub-din Aibak served as a slave to Shah-bud-din Ghori.

Exam Tip: Understand the relationships between historical figures, especially those that influenced political power and succession.

Question 24. The Rajput rule ended in ---------- city.
Answer: Delhi
In simple words: The Rajput rule finished in the city of Delhi.

Exam Tip: Recognize key cities that marked significant political transitions and the end of major rules, such as Delhi for the Rajput era.

Question 25. People from ---------- joined King Bhimdev Solanki to save Somnath but failed.
Answer: Saurashtra, Gujarat
In simple words: Residents from Saurashtra and Gujarat helped King Bhimdev Solanki defend Somnath, but they were unsuccessful.

Exam Tip: Note regional participation in major historical defenses to understand the collective efforts during invasions.

True Or False

Question 1. Paliya symbolizes sacrifice.
Answer: True
In simple words: Paliya represents an act of giving up something important for a greater cause.

Exam Tip: Remember that Paliyas are memorial stones dedicated to martyrs, embodying the concept of sacrifice for the country.

Question 2. In Rajput Era, even the younger son of the king had an equal chance as the elder son, for becoming the king.
Answer: True
In simple words: During the Rajput Era, the king could choose any of his sons, not just the oldest, to be the next ruler.

Exam Tip: Understand that succession rules in the Rajput Era allowed kings flexibility in choosing their heir, not strictly adhering to primogeniture.

Question 3. Kings always worked for public welfare.
Answer: True
In simple words: Rulers consistently aimed to improve the well-being of their community.

Exam Tip: Recognize that public welfare was a fundamental duty of monarchs in most ancient and medieval societies.

Question 4. Gramsabha used to take majority of the decisions in the panchayats.
Answer: False
In simple words: The Gramsabha did not make most of the decisions in the village councils.

Exam Tip: Differentiate between the Gram Panchayat and the Gramsabha; the Mukhi or Sarpanch often made final verdicts, with Gramsabha intervening in some cases.

Question 5. People had to pay land revenue, octroi and port taxes.
Answer: True
In simple words: People were required to pay various taxes, including land, octroi, and port taxes.

Exam Tip: Remember the different types of taxes levied during the Rajput Era, indicating a multi-faceted revenue system.

Question 6. 'Kumarpal Charita' is a long story-based work belonging to Solanki dynasty and based on a king of Gujarat.
Answer: False
In simple words: 'Kumarpal Charita' is a long poem, not a story, about a Solanki king from Gujarat.

Exam Tip: Be precise about the genre of literary works; 'Kumarpal Charita' is a poetry-based work, not a story.

Question 7. Magha composed Shishupal-vadha.
Answer: True
In simple words: Magha was the author who wrote 'Shishupal-vadha'.

Exam Tip: Accurately connect prominent authors with their specific literary creations for factual correctness.

Question 8. An epic on the killing of Shishupal was written in Magadhi.
Answer: False
In simple words: The epic about Shishupal's killing was written in Sanskrit, not Magadhi.

Exam Tip: Pay attention to the specific languages in which major epics were composed, such as Sanskrit for 'Shishupalvadha'.

Question 9. Hitopdesh was based on Panchtantra.
Answer: True
In simple words: The 'Hitopdesh' collection of stories was inspired by the 'Panchtantra'.

Exam Tip: Understand the influences and sources for classic literary works, recognizing the connection between 'Hitopdesh' and 'Panchtantra'.

Question 10. Several authors made the Rajput Era rich in literature by composing work in Sanskrit, Prakrit, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, etc.
Answer: True
In simple words: Many writers made the Rajput period rich with literature in various languages like Sanskrit, Prakrit, Tamil, Telugu, and Kannada.

Exam Tip: Note the linguistic diversity of literary production during the Rajput Era, indicating a vibrant cultural period.

Question 11. The Rajput forts were among the most notable constructions of the Rajputs.
Answer: False
In simple words: While Rajputs built many forts, their temples were considered their most significant constructions.

Exam Tip: Identify the most noteworthy architectural achievements of an era; for the Rajputs, temples often overshadowed forts in significance.

Question 12. There is one sun temple even in Kashmir.
Answer: True
In simple words: A Sun temple can indeed be found in Kashmir.

Exam Tip: Remember the locations of various significant temples, including less common ones like the Martand Sun Temple in Kashmir.

Question 13. South Indian temples have grand and decorative entrances.
Answer: True
In simple words: South Indian temples feature very large and artistically decorated entryways.

Exam Tip: Recognize 'Gopurams' as a characteristic feature of South Indian temples, known for their grandeur and intricate decorations.

Question 14. Ellora caves near Mumbai are very beautifully carved and sculpted.
Answer: False
In simple words: The Elephanta Caves near Mumbai are beautifully carved, not the Ellora Caves.

Exam Tip: Distinguish between different cave complexes; while both are in Maharashtra, the detailed carving near Mumbai refers to Elephanta, not Ellora.

Question 15. Mohammad Gazni looted the Somnath Temple
Answer: True
In simple words: Mohammad Gazni did indeed plunder the Somnath Temple.

Exam Tip: Key historical events like the looting of the Somnath Temple by Mohammad Gazni are important factual points to remember.

Question 16. Shahbud Khan Ghori became the king of Gazna after Mohammad Gazni.
Answer: False
In simple words: Shah-bud-din Ghori became the king of Gazna after Mohammad Gazni died, but not as his direct successor.

Exam Tip: Understand the timeline of succession; Ghori rose to power after a period of struggle following Gazni's death, not as his immediate heir.

Question 17. A slave formed his dynasty.
Answer: True
In simple words: A slave, Qutub-ud-din Aibak, established a ruling family known as the Gulam dynasty.

Exam Tip: Remember the unique origin of the Gulam dynasty, founded by a former slave, which marked a significant historical development.

Match The Following

A	B
1. Vishakhadatta	a. Rajtarangini
2. Kalhana	b. Hitopdesh
3. Bilhan	c. Kathasaritsagar
4. Bhavbhuti	d. Naishadacharita
5. Chandbardai	e. Mudrarakshash
6. Merutunga	f. Uttaramcharita
7. Pandit Narayana	g. Prabodhchintamani
8. Shriharsh	h. Prithviraj Raso
	i. Vikramakadev Charit

Answer:
1. Vishakhadatta - (e) Mudrarakshash
2. Kalhana - (a) Rajtarangini
3. Bilhan - (i) Vikramakadev Charit
4. Bhavbhuti - (f) Uttaramcharita
5. Chandbardai - (h) Prithviraj Raso
6. Merutunga - (g) Prabodhchintamani
7. Pandit Narayana - (b) Hitopdesh
8. Shriharsh - (d) Naishadacharita
In simple words: Match each author with their correct literary work. Vishakhadatta wrote Mudrarakshash, Kalhana wrote Rajtarangini, Bilhan wrote Vikramakadev Charit, Bhavbhuti wrote Uttaramcharita, Chandbardai wrote Prithviraj Raso, Merutunga wrote Prabodhchintamani, Pandit Narayana wrote Hitopdesh, and Shriharsh wrote Naishadacharita.

Exam Tip: For matching questions, it is crucial to accurately associate authors with their specific works to avoid common errors.

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GSEB Solutions Class 7 Social Science Chapter 06 Administrative System and Architecture During the Medieval Age

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