GSEB Class 7 Social Science Solutions Chapter 16 રાજ્ય સરકાર

Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words or numbers in the following statements:

Question 1. ગુજરાત વિધાનસભામાં સભ્યસંખ્યા ......... છે.
Answer: 182
In simple words: The Gujarat Legislative Assembly has a total of 182 members.

Exam Tip: Remember the total number of members in the state's Legislative Assembly, as this is a common factual question.

Question 2. રાજ્યની ધારાસભાના ઉપલા ગૃહને ................ કહે છે.
Answer: વિધાનપરિષદ
In simple words: The upper house of a state legislature is often called the Legislative Council.

Exam Tip: Differentiate between Vidhan Sabha (lower house) and Vidhan Parishad (upper house) in terms of their roles and names.

Question 3. ગુજરાતના વિધાનસભા ભવનનું નામ .................... છે.
Answer: વિઠ્ઠલભાઈ પટેલ ભવન
In simple words: The Gujarat Assembly building is named after Vitthalbhai Patel.

Exam Tip: Knowing the names of important government buildings is helpful for general knowledge and matching questions.

Question 4. ગુજરાત વિધાનસભાના સભ્યોની મુદત કેટલા વર્ષની હોય છે?
Answer: પાંચ વર્ષ
In simple words: The members of the Gujarat Legislative Assembly serve for a term of five years.

Exam Tip: Understand the fixed term for elected representatives in state assemblies, which is typically five years.

Question 5. દર્દીને તાત્કાલિક સેવા મળે તે માટે ગુજરાતમાં .............. યોજના છે.
Answer: 108ની
In simple words: Gujarat has the 108 emergency service for immediate medical help.

Exam Tip: Familiarize yourself with key government initiatives and emergency services provided by the state.

Exercise 2. State whether the following statements are true or false:

Question 1. મુખ્યમંત્રી અમૃતમ્ (મા) યોજના કેન્દ્ર સરકાર ચલાવે છે.
Answer: આ વિધાન ખોટું છે.
In simple words: The statement is false; the Mukhyamantri Amrutam (MA) scheme is actually run by the state government, not the central government.

Exam Tip: Understand which level of government (central or state) is responsible for specific welfare schemes.

Question 2. દિલ્લી રાજ્ય એક રાષ્ટ્રીય રાજધાની પ્રદેશ છે.
Answer: આ વિધાન ખરું છે.
In simple words: This statement is true; Delhi is officially recognized as a National Capital Territory.

Exam Tip: Know the special status of Delhi as the National Capital Territory of India.

Question 3. વિધાનસભાને નીચલું ગૃહ પણ કહેવાય છે.
Answer: આ વિધાન ખરું છે.
In simple words: This statement is true; the Legislative Assembly is generally known as the lower house of the state legislature.

Exam Tip: Recall the terms 'Lower House' and 'Upper House' for state legislatures and their corresponding names (Vidhansabha and Vidhan Parishad).

Question 4. ઉત્તર પ્રદેશમાં વિધાનપરિષદ છે.
Answer: આ વિધાન ખરું છે.
In simple words: This statement is true; Uttar Pradesh is one of the states that possesses a Legislative Council.

Exam Tip: Be aware that not all states have a Legislative Council (Vidhan Parishad); know which states do.

Question 5. વિધાનસભા કાયમી ગૃહ છે.
Answer: આ વિધાન ખોટું છે.
In simple words: This statement is false; the Legislative Assembly is not a permanent body, as it can be dissolved before its term ends.

Exam Tip: Understand that the Vidhan Sabha can be dissolved, unlike some permanent bodies like the Vidhan Parishad (where it exists).

Exercise 3. Answer the following questions in one or two sentences:

Question 1. ખરડો કાયદો ક્યારે બને છે?
Answer: A bill, whether general or financial, becomes a law when it passes through various stages (three stages) in the Legislative Assembly and is then sent to the Governor for approval. When the Governor grants assent, the bill becomes a law.
In simple words: A bill becomes a law after it goes through different steps in the Assembly and gets the Governor's signature.

Exam Tip: Focus on the two main steps for a bill to become law: passage in the legislature and assent by the Governor.

Question 2. રાજ્ય સરકારનાં અંગો જણાવો.
Answer: The state government possesses three main branches:
1. Legislature,
2. Executive, and
3. Judiciary.
In simple words: The state government has three parts: the law-making body, the body that carries out laws, and the courts.

Exam Tip: Clearly list the three main organs of government and know their basic functions.

Question 3. મુખ્યમંત્રીની નિમણૂક કોણ કરે છે?
Answer: The Governor appoints the Chief Minister.
In simple words: The Governor chooses and appoints the Chief Minister.

Exam Tip: Remember that the Governor's role includes appointing the Chief Minister after elections.

Question 4. વિધાનસભામાં કોના માધ્યમથી પ્રશ્ન પુછાય છે?
Answer: Questions are asked in the Legislative Assembly through the Speaker (Adhyaksh).
In simple words: In the Assembly, questions are posed through the Speaker.

Exam Tip: Understand the role of the Speaker in managing proceedings and questions in the legislative assembly.

Question 5. રાજ્યમાં રાષ્ટ્રપ્રમુખશાસન હોય ત્યારે રાજ્યનો વહીવટ કોણ સંભાળે છે?
Answer: When President's Rule is imposed in the state, the Governor manages the state's administration.
In simple words: If President's Rule is active, the Governor takes charge of running the state.

Exam Tip: Know the role of the Governor during President's Rule, acting as the President's representative.

Exercise 4. Write short notes:

Question 1. રાજ્યપાલનાં કાર્યો
Answer: The main functions of the Governor are as follows:

• They appoint the leader of the majority party in the State Legislative Assembly as the Chief Minister.
• They appoint ministers of the cabinet based on the Chief Minister's advice.
• They summon meetings of the Legislative Assembly and can dissolve the Assembly if necessary. The Governor also issues ordinances when needed.
• They appoint the Advocate General of the state and the chairperson of the State Public Service Commission.
• They sign bills passed in the Legislative Assembly, giving them the force of law.
• They remain neutral and impartial, overseeing the state's administration.
• They inform the President about the functioning of the state government.
• If President's Rule is imposed in the state, they manage the state's administration as the President's representative.

Exam Tip: When listing the Governor's functions, use clear bullet points and highlight their key constitutional roles, especially concerning appointments and legislative approval.

Question 2. જાહેર સ્વાથ્ય સેવાઓ
Answer: Public health services in the state include various facilities and initiatives aimed at improving citizens' well-being. These include public health centers (PHCs), primary health centers, sub-centers in rural areas, and civil hospitals in major cities. They offer various vaccination programs for children, sanitation campaigns, access to clean drinking water, environmental protection initiatives, and family welfare programs. Additionally, efforts are made to control various diseases like malaria, jaundice, leprosy, blindness, diabetes, TB, and cancer. The state also implements measures to curb adulteration in food, control addiction to harmful substances, and prevent and manage deadly diseases. These measures contribute to the increased welfare of the state's population. The 108 emergency service is available throughout the state for immediate medical attention.
In simple words: Public health services involve providing healthcare through hospitals and health centers, organizing vaccination drives, ensuring clean water, and running welfare programs. They also work to control diseases and respond to emergencies, all to improve people's health.

Exam Tip: For public health services, categorize your answer by types of facilities, specific programs (vaccination, sanitation), disease control, and emergency services.

Question 3. મુખ્યમંત્રીનાં કાર્યો
Answer: The primary functions of the Chief Minister are as follows:

• They call meetings of the Council of Ministers.
• They oversee the work of each minister.
• They provide guidance to ministers when necessary.
• They inform the Governor about decisions made by the Council of Ministers.
• They allocate different administrative departments to the ministers of the cabinet.
• They reorganize the Council of Ministers as they deem fit or necessary.
• They ensure that the Finance Minister presents the state budget in the Legislative Assembly.
• They consistently work for the welfare, prosperity, and development of the state's citizens.
• They fulfill their duties as the announcer of government policies, a guide, and the leader.

Exam Tip: When explaining the Chief Minister's role, emphasize their leadership in the cabinet, their communication with the Governor, and their responsibility for state development.

Question 4. વિધાનસભાની રચના
Answer: The lower house of the state legislature is commonly called the 'Legislative Assembly'. As per constitutional provisions, the number of members in the Legislative Assembly should not be less than 60 and not more than 500. The formation of the Legislative Assembly involves the citizens of the state. The state's areas are divided into different constituencies, and one member is elected from each constituency. Currently, the Gujarat State Legislative Assembly has a total of 182 seats. The number of members in each state's Legislative Assembly is determined based on the state's population. Members of the Legislative Assembly are elected by registered voters aged 18 years or older using a secret ballot system. An elected member is called a Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) in English. The term of the Legislative Assembly is five years. It is dissolved after its term ends. In some unusual situations, if the government cannot function according to constitutional provisions or if a government cannot be formed, the Governor recommends 'President's Rule' in the state to the President. During such times, the Governor manages the state's administration. The Legislative Assembly, formed in this manner, elects a Speaker (Adhyaksh) and a Deputy Speaker (Upadhyaksh) from among its members.
In simple words: The Legislative Assembly, the state's lower house, has members elected by citizens over 18 through secret voting for a five-year term. The number of seats depends on the state's population. The Assembly chooses a Speaker and Deputy Speaker from its members and can be dissolved under certain conditions.

Exam Tip: For the formation of the Legislative Assembly, include details about member strength (min/max), election process, term, and the roles of the Speaker and Deputy Speaker.

Exercise 5. Answer the following questions in three or four sentences:

Question 1. રાજ્ય સરકારનાં કાર્યો જણાવો.
Answer: The main functions of the state government are as follows:
1. It works for public welfare.
2. It performs tasks related to the basic needs of the state's people, such as electricity, proper roads, pure drinking water, and health services.
3. It distributes food supplies through fair-price shops.
4. It provides immediate assistance to people during natural disasters like floods, heavy rains, droughts, earthquakes, and cyclones.
5. It offers facilities to the public for justice, transport, educational institutions, hospitals, and other services within the state.
6. It plays an important role in maintaining law, peace, and order in the state.
In simple words: The state government's jobs include ensuring public well-being, providing essential services like water and roads, distributing food, offering disaster relief, and managing justice, education, and healthcare. It also works to keep law and order throughout the region.

Exam Tip: When discussing state government functions, classify them into welfare, infrastructure, public services, disaster management, and law and order for a comprehensive answer.

Question 2. નાગરિકોના સ્વાથ્ય માટે રાજ્ય સરકાર કયાં કાર્યો કરે છે?
Answer: To ensure good health for its citizens, the state government performs the following health-related functions:
1. It distributes grain to the poor through fair-price shops.
2. It organizes vaccination programs to control diseases like measles, chickenpox, and polio.
3. It regulates alcohol prohibition and monitors adulteration in food products.
4. It operates the 108 emergency service for immediate healthcare.
5. It manages sanitation campaigns and toilet construction schemes.
6. It distributes generic medicines at affordable prices through Jan Aushadhi Kendras.
7. It plans health services to control diseases like malaria, jaundice, leprosy, blindness, diabetes, tuberculosis, and cancer.
In simple words: The state government works for public health by offering cheap food, running vaccination drives, checking for food fraud, providing emergency services, and overseeing sanitation. It also works to control many common diseases.

Exam Tip: When detailing health-related functions, mention specific programs like vaccinations, emergency services, and disease control efforts.

Question 3. વિધાનસભાના સભ્ય બનવા માટેની લાયકાતો જણાવો.
Answer: The qualifications required to become a member of the Legislative Assembly are as follows:

• They must be a citizen of India.
• Their age must be 25 years or more.
• They should not hold any salaried position in a government organization.
• They should not be bankrupt, mentally unsound, or a convicted criminal.

Exam Tip: List the essential qualifications for a legislator, focusing on citizenship, age, absence of disqualifying conditions (e.g., bankruptcy, criminal record, office of profit).

Question 4. રાજ્યની કારોબારીની રચના કઈ રીતે થાય છે?
Answer: The state executive comprises the Governor, the Chief Minister, and the Council of Ministers. The Governor appoints the leader of the majority party in the Legislative Assembly as the Chief Minister. Based on the Chief Minister's recommendation, the Governor appoints the members of the Council of Ministers. This is how the state executive is formed. Administrative officials working under the control and guidance of the ministers are also part of the executive. The Council of Ministers is known as the 'Political Executive,' while the administrative officials are referred to as the 'Administrative Executive.'
In simple words: The state executive is made up of the Governor, the Chief Minister, and the other ministers. The Governor chooses the Chief Minister, who then suggests other ministers. This creates the executive, which includes both elected leaders and government workers.

Exam Tip: Explain the composition of the state executive, emphasizing the roles of the Governor, Chief Minister, and Council of Ministers, and the distinction between political and administrative executives.

Question 5. રાજ્યની કારોબારીની ફરજો લખો.
Answer: The main duties (functions) of the state executive are as follows:
1. It implements the laws made by the Legislative Assembly in the state.
2. It ensures that law and order are maintained in the state.
3. It tries to solve the state's economic and social problems.
4. It provides services like education, health, transport, communication, and electricity in the state.
5. It plans to ensure that citizens receive essential goods for daily life.
6. It makes sure that the entire state administration runs smoothly.
7. It carries out public welfare activities.
8. It introduces bills in the Legislative Assembly and gets them passed into law.
9. The Finance Minister prepares the state budget and gets it approved in the Legislative Assembly, then manages the state's finances according to it.
In simple words: The state executive's main jobs are to put laws into action, maintain peace, tackle money and social issues, and provide public services like health and education. It also plans for basic needs, oversees administration, and manages the state's finances.

Exam Tip: Structure your answer on the executive's duties by covering implementation of laws, maintenance of order, social and economic development, provision of services, and financial management.