GSEB Class 7 Sanskrit Solutions Chapter 4 हास्ययोगः

हास्ययोगः स्वाध्यायन प्रश्नोत्तर Exercise

 

Question 1. Pronounce the following words orally: નીચેના શબ્દોનું મોટેથી ઉચ્ચારણ કરો:
Answer: The words to be pronounced orally are: आपणिकः, क्रीणातु, पञ्चाशत्, दृष्ट्ा, गृहपाठलेखनम्, श्वानभयम्, दशनस्वभावः, परीक्षणम्, चोरद्वयम्, लुण्ठनम्, रूप्यकाणि, आगत्य, व्यर्थश्रमम्, कृत्रिमदन्तावलिः. These words should be spoken three times clearly under your Sanskrit teacher's guidance.
In simple words: Say these Sanskrit words out loud, practicing their pronunciation carefully, as guided by your teacher.

Exam Tip: Correct pronunciation is crucial in Sanskrit. Pay attention to the specific sounds of each letter and practice regularly.

 

Question 2. Read Sanskrit words for the following Sentences : શોધોઃ
Answer:
1. खरीदी – purchase – ક્રયઃ, ક્રયણમ્
2. બેંક – bank – ધેન – વિત્તકોષઃ, વિત્તકોષમ્ (also વિત્તકોશઃ, વિત્તકોશમ્)
3. લૂંટ – robbery – ઘૂંટ – લુણ્ઠનમ્
4. પ્રતિશત – percent – 2 – પ્રતિશતમ્
5. દુકાનદાર – shopkeeper – ૬૬ાનહાર – આપણેિ

In simple words: This section asks you to match English and Gujarati words with their Sanskrit equivalents, helping you understand important terms from the lesson.

Exam Tip: Learning vocabulary is easier when you connect words to their meanings in multiple languages. Practice saying the Sanskrit words aloud.

 

Question 3. Write, who speaks the following sentences : નીચેનાં વાક્યો કોણ બોલે છે તે કહો?
Answer:
Question. 1. तर्हि कृपया द्वे यन्त्रे ददातु ।
ग्राहकः आपणिकं वदति।
Question. 2. भवतः गृहकार्ये बदल छात्रं वदति ।
शिक्षकः छात्रं वदति।
Question. 3. श्वानभयं न अनुभवतु ।
गृहस्वामी अतिथिं वदति ।
Question. 4. व्यर्थश्रमं मा करोतु ।
द्वितीयः चोरः प्रथमं चोरं वदति।
In simple words: You need to identify which character says each of these sentences in the story. For example, the customer tells the shopkeeper to give him two machines.

Exam Tip: Understanding dialogue and character roles is important for comprehension. Read the story carefully to identify who speaks each line.

 

Question. રેખાંકિત પદોના સ્થાને કસમાં આપેલ શબ્દોનો ઉપયોગ કરી અન્ય વાક્યો બનાવો.
Answer: This task involves replacing the underlined words with alternatives provided in brackets to create new sentences. We aim to show different uses of similar sentence structures. This helps in building vocabulary and grammatical skills.
In simple words: You need to swap words in sentences with other words from the list to make new, different sentences. This helps you learn how to use words.

Exam Tip: When making new sentences, ensure the new word fits both grammatically and in meaning. Always check if the sentence still makes sense.

 

Question 1. एतत् यन्त्रं क्रीणातु। (फेनकम्, पुस्तकम्, फलम्)
Answer:
एतत् फेनकं क्रीणातु । (Buy this soap.) (આ સાબુ ખરીદો.)
एतत् पुस्तकं क्रीणातु। (Buy this book.) (આ પુસ્તક ખરીદો.)
एतत् फलं क्रीणातु। (Buy this fruit.) (આ ફળ ખરીદો.)
In simple words: For the sentence "Buy this machine," we changed "machine" to "soap," "book," and "fruit" to make three new sentences: "Buy this soap," "Buy this book," and "Buy this fruit."

Exam Tip: Practice using different nouns with the same verb to expand your sentence construction abilities. This builds a stronger understanding of verb-noun agreement.

 

Question 2. सा भोजनं करोति। (दुग्धपानम्, दानम्, प्रार्थनाम्)
Answer:
सा दुग्धपानं करोति। (He drinks milk.) (તેણી દૂધ પીવે છે.)
सा दानं करोति। (He gives donation.) (તેણી દાન કરે છે.)
सा प्रार्थनां करोति। (He prays.) (તેણી પ્રાર્થના કરે છે.)
In simple words: For "She eats food," we changed "food" to "milk-drinking," "donation," and "prayer" to show other actions she does.

Exam Tip: Pay attention to how the object of the verb changes when you substitute different nouns. This impacts the overall meaning of the sentence.

 

Question 3. व्यर्थश्रमं मा करोतु। (व्यर्थव्यवहारम्, दुर्व्यवहारम्, व्यर्थव्ययम्)
Answer:
व्यर्थव्यवहारं मा करोतु। (Don't do useless dealing.) (ખોટો વ્યવહાર ન કરો.)
दुर्व्यवहारं मा करोतु । (Don't behave badly.) (ખરાબ વ્યવહાર ન કરો.)
व्यर्थव्ययं मा करोतु । (Don't waste money.) (ખોટો ખર્ચ ન કરો.)
In simple words: For the sentence "Don't do useless work," we swapped "useless work" for "useless dealing," "bad behavior," and "wasting money" to give different warnings.

Exam Tip: The negative command 'मा करोतु' means 'do not do'. It's useful to practice different actions with this command to express what should not be done.

 

Question 4. श्वानभयं न अनुभवतु। (चोरभयम्, सिंहभयम्, अन्धकारभयम्)
Answer:
चोरभयं न अनुभवतु। (Don't be afraid of a thief.) (ચોરની બીક ન રાખો.)
सिंहभयं न अनुभवतु । (Don't be afraid of a lion.) (સિંહની બીક ન રાખો.)
अन्धकारभयं न अनुभवतु । (Don't be afraid of darkness.) (અંધારાની બીક ન રાખો.)
In simple words: For "Don't be afraid of the dog," we replaced "dog fear" with "thief fear," "lion fear," and "darkness fear" to show different things one might be afraid of.

Exam Tip: The phrase 'न अनुभवतु' means 'do not experience'. This grammatical structure can be used with various fears to practice expressing caution or reassurance.

 

Question 5. Frame sentences. Follow the illustration :
Answer: This section provides an example of how to frame sentences using a given structure, asking to identify what is suitable or worthy. Students must observe the example and apply the same pattern to new words. It helps to understand Sanskrit sentence structure for descriptive purposes.
In simple words: You need to make new sentences by following a simple example. The example shows how to say if something is 'fit for' or 'worthy of' an action, and you'll do the same with new words.

Exam Tip: Pay attention to the suffixes used to indicate suitability or worthiness. This pattern is common in Sanskrit for describing an object's purpose or quality.

 

Example: • एतत् _____ अस्ति। (यन्त्रम्, क्रयणम्)
Answer: एतत् यन्त्रं क्रयणयोग्यम् अस्ति। (This machine is worth buying.)
In simple words: The example teaches how to say "This machine is suitable for buying" using the words 'machine' and 'buying'.

Exam Tip: The key is to transform the action word (like 'क्रयणम्' - buying) into an adjective of suitability ('क्रयणयोग्यम्' - worth buying). This is a common Sanskrit construction.

 

Question 1. एतत् _____ अस्ति। (पुस्तकम्, पठनम्)
Answer: एतत् पुस्तकं पठनयोग्यम् अस्ति। (This book is worth reading.)
In simple words: We used the words 'book' and 'reading' to make the sentence: "This book is worthy of being read."

Exam Tip: Remember to use the correct grammatical form for "worthy of" (योग्यम्) after the action noun (पठनम् becomes पठनयोग्यम्).

 

Question 2. एतत् _____ अस्ति। (स्थानम्, भ्रमणम्)
Answer: एतत् स्थानं भ्रमणयोग्यम् अस्ति। (This place is worth visiting.)
In simple words: Using 'place' and 'visiting', we form the sentence: "This place is suitable for visiting."

Exam Tip: Always make sure the noun (स्थानम्) and the adjective (भ्रमणयोग्यम्) agree in gender and number, which is common for Sanskrit grammar.

 

Question 3. एतत् _____ अस्ति। (चलचित्रम्, दर्शनम्)
Answer: एतत् चलचित्रं दर्शनयोग्यम् अस्ति । (This film is worth watching.)
In simple words: Combining 'film' and 'watching', the sentence becomes: "This film is fit for being watched."

Exam Tip: Recognize 'चलचित्रम्' as a neutral noun, which means 'दर्शनयोग्यम्' must also be in the neutral form.

 

Question 4. एतत् _____ अस्ति। (जलम्, स्नानम्)
Answer: एतत् जलं स्नानयोग्यम् अस्ति। (This water is suitable for bathing.)
In simple words: With 'water' and 'bathing', the sentence formed is: "This water is good for bathing."

Exam Tip: In Sanskrit, context often dictates word choice. Here, 'योग्यम्' means 'suitable' or 'fit for' rather than just 'worth'.

 

Question 6. Change forms of verbs. Follow the illustration : उदाहरण मुजब क्रियापदोंमा परिवर्तन करो:
Answer: This exercise involves changing verbs from the present tense, third-person singular, into the simple future tense (third-person singular) and then into the first-person singular. This helps students grasp verb conjugation across different tenses and persons. It's a key grammar practice for Sanskrit language learners.
In simple words: This activity asks you to take a verb, change it from how 'he/she/it does' now, to how 'he/she/it will do' later, and then to how 'I will do' later. This helps you learn how verbs change.

Exam Tip: Pay close attention to the verb endings for each tense and person. Regular practice with conjugation tables is the best way to master these transformations.

 

Example : • भवति – भविष्यति – भविष्यामि
Answer: (He becomes.) – (He will be.) – (I will be.)
In simple words: The example shows how 'becomes' (present, he) changes to 'will be' (future, he) and then to 'I will be' (future, I).

Exam Tip: Notice the distinct suffixes for third-person singular future (\( -ष्यति \)) and first-person singular future (\( -ष्यामि \)). These are important patterns.

 

Question 1. वदति – वदिष्यति – वदिष्यामि
Answer: (He speaks.) – (He will speak.) – (I will speak.)
In simple words: This shows changing 'he speaks' to 'he will speak' and 'I will speak'.

Exam Tip: The root remains consistent while the endings change to indicate tense and person. Understand the base verb and its modifications.

 

Question 2. करोति – करिष्यति – करिष्यामि
Answer: (He does.) - (He will do.) – (I will do.)
In simple words: This example changes 'he does' to 'he will do' and 'I will do'.

Exam Tip: Verbs like 'करोति' (to do) are important. Practice their conjugations thoroughly as they appear frequently.

 

Question 3. तरति – तरिष्यति – तरिष्यामि
Answer: (He swims.) – (He will swim.) – (I will swim.)
In simple words: This shows how 'he swims' changes to 'he will swim' and 'I will swim'.

Exam Tip: Observe the slight variations in stems for some verbs when moving from present to future tense. This is part of the regular conjugation pattern.

 

Question 7. Find out such jokes: આવી બીજી હાસ્યકણિકાઓ શોધો.
Answer: This section presents several humorous stories and dialogues. These jokes are designed to make learning engaging and fun, demonstrating the practical use of language in amusing contexts. They also help in understanding cultural nuances and simple conversational Sanskrit.
In simple words: This part shares funny stories and conversations in Sanskrit. They help you learn the language in a fun way and see how it's used in jokes.

Exam Tip: Reading jokes helps improve comprehension and vocabulary in an enjoyable manner. Try to understand the punchline and the humor in each story.

 

Question. 1. "मम शुनकः कुत्रापि अदृश्यतां गतः।” ("My dog is lost somewhere.")
“एवम् ! तर्हि पत्रिकायां विज्ञापिकां प्रकाशयतु भवान् एतद्विषये।” "Oh! 'then print the news in newspaper.”
"किम् तेन? मम शुनकः पठितुं न जानाति।” "So what? My dog doesn't know to read.”
Answer: In this joke, a person is upset because their dog is lost. When suggested to put an advertisement in the newspaper, they respond that it's useless because the dog cannot read. The humor comes from the person's literal interpretation and misunderstanding of the advertisement's purpose.
In simple words: Someone lost their dog. When advised to put an ad in the newspaper, they said it was no use because the dog couldn't read. The joke is about not understanding how ads work.

Exam Tip: Humor often comes from misinterpretations or literal understandings of phrases. Analyze the logic presented in the joke to find the funny part.

 

Question. 2. शिक्षकः वर्गे छात्रान् अपृच्छत् – “गृहे पिपीलिकानाम् उपस्थितिः भवति तर्हि अस्मान् किम् लाभः?”
The teacher asked students in the class, What benefits do we have when the ants come in the house?
रमण : – महोदय ! पिपीलिका अस्मान् दर्शयन्ति यत् गृहे मिष्टान्नं कुत्र स्थापितमस्ति।
Raman : Sir, ants show us where the sweets are kept in the house.
Answer: The teacher asks the students what advantage they gain when ants appear in the house. Raman humorously replies that ants help them locate where sweets are hidden. This joke highlights a child's innocent and practical (though not the intended) perspective on an everyday occurrence.
In simple words: The teacher asked about the good part of ants being in the house. Raman said that ants show them where the sweets are hidden, which is a funny answer.

Exam Tip: Jokes frequently use unexpected answers to common questions. Identifying the unexpected, humorous response is key to understanding the joke.

 

Question. 3. पिता – (पुत्रं प्रति) सर्वकारीविद्यालयस्य शिक्षकस्य आङ्गलभाषायां नाम किम् अस्ति?
Father - (To his son) What is the English name of Government School Teacher ?
पुत्र – G.S.T.
Son - G.S.T.
पिता – (क्रोधेन) किं वदसि त्वम्?
Father - (Angrily) What are you speaking ?
पुत्रः- सत्यं वदामि 'Government School Teacher' इति।
Son – I am speaking true, Government School Teacher.
Answer: In this joke, a father asks his son the English name for a Government School Teacher. The son replies "G.S.T." (likely referencing the Goods and Services Tax, a common acronym). When the father gets angry, the son clarifies that G.S.T. actually stands for "Government School Teacher" in English, revealing the clever wordplay. The humor is based on a pun and abbreviation.
In simple words: The father asked for the English name of a "Government School Teacher". The son jokingly said "G.S.T." When the father got mad, the son said that G.S.T. truly stands for "Government School Teacher", making a clever play on words.

Exam Tip: Puns and acronyms are common forms of humor. Look for words or abbreviations that have multiple meanings, especially in different contexts.

 

Question. 4. वैद्यः – (रुग्णम् उद्दिश्य) दीर्घ श्वासं स्वीकृत्य त्रिवारं 'सप्त' वदतु।
Doctor: (To the patient) Take long breathe and speak 'seven' three times.
रुग्णः – (दीर्घ श्वासं स्वीकृत्य) एकविंशतिः।
Patient : (Taking long breathe) Twenty-one.
Answer: A doctor instructs a patient to take a deep breath and say "seven" three times. The patient, instead, takes a deep breath and says "twenty-one" (three times seven). The humor arises from the patient's literal but incorrect interpretation of the doctor's instructions, focusing on the mathematical result rather than the repeating instruction.
In simple words: The doctor told a patient to breathe deep and say "seven" three times. The patient instead said "twenty-one," showing a funny misunderstanding of the simple instructions.

Exam Tip: This joke plays on literal versus implied meaning. Always consider the context when interpreting instructions, especially in humorous situations.

 

Question 1. आपणिकः ग्राहकं प्रति किं वदति?
Answer: आपणिकः ग्राहकं प्रति वदति, “एतत् यन्त्रं क्रीणातु क्रयणयोग्यम् अस्ति।”
In simple words: The shopkeeper tells the customer, "Buy this machine; it is worth buying."

Exam Tip: For direct questions about dialogue, quote the exact words spoken by the character if possible to score full marks.

 

Question 2. यन्त्रस्य का विशेषता अस्ति?
Answer: यन्त्रं ग्राहकस्य पञ्चाशत् प्रतिशतं कार्यभारम् अल्पं करोति, एतत् तस्य विशेषता अस्ति।
In simple words: The machine's special quality is that it reduces the customer's workload by fifty percent.

Exam Tip: When asked about a "विशेषता" (specialty), always highlight the unique benefit or feature of the object in question.

 

Question 3. द्वितीयः चौरः प्रथमं चौरं किं वदति?
Answer: द्वितीयः चौरः प्रथमं चौरं वदति, "व्यर्थश्रमं मा करोतु । श्वः वर्तमानपत्रे वार्ताम् आगमिष्यति एव। ततः गणनाज्ञानं भविष्यति।
In simple words: The second thief tells the first thief, "Don't do useless work. Tomorrow, the news will come in the newspaper, then we will know the count."

Exam Tip: Pay attention to commands ("मा करोतु" - do not do) and future tense verbs ("आगमिष्यति" - will come, "भविष्यति" - will be) when quoting dialogues.

 

Question 4. अतिथिः कस्मात् भयम् अनुभवति?
Answer: अतिथिः श्वानात् भयम् अनुभवति।
In simple words: The guest feels fear from the dog.

Exam Tip: Identify the source of fear directly from the text. "कस्मात्" asks for the reason or source.

 

Question 5. शम्भुनाथस्य पत्नी तस्य भोजनस्य पश्चात् किमर्थं भोजनं करोति?
Answer: शम्भुनाथस्य पत्नी तस्य भोजनस्य पश्चात् भोजनं करोति, यतः तयोः एका एव कृत्रिमदन्तावलिः अस्ति।
In simple words: Shambhunath's wife eats after he finishes his meal because they both possess only one artificial denture between them.

Exam Tip: "किमर्थं" asks for the reason. Your answer should directly state the cause, often introduced by "यतः" (because).

 

Question 1. What is the specialty in machine ? યંત્રમાં શી વિશેષતા છે?
Answer: The machine will lessen the workload of customers (people) by fifty percent. યંત્ર (મશીન) ગ્રાહકોનો (લોકોનો) પચાસ ટકા કામનો બોજો ઓછો કરે છે.
In simple words: The machine's special feature is that it will reduce customers' work by half.

Exam Tip: When a question is in two languages, ensure your answer addresses both parts, providing a complete response based on the context.

 

Question 2. What does the teacher say after seeing the student's homework ? શિક્ષક વિદ્યાર્થીનું ગૃહકાર્ય જોઈને શું કહે છે?
Answer: After checking the student's homework, the teacher says, "There are many mistakes in your homework. Only you make these (mistakes)." શિક્ષક વિદ્યાર્થીનું ગૃહકાર્ય જોઈને કહે છે કે, તમારા ગૃહકાર્યમાં ઘણી ભૂલો છે. તે (ભૂલો) પણ તમે એકલા જ કરો છો.
In simple words: The teacher told the student that his homework had many errors, and he was the only one making them.

Exam Tip: For direct speech questions, accurately reproduce the speaker's words as found in the text. This demonstrates careful reading.

 

Question 3. Why does the owner of the house ask the guest not to be afraid of dog ? ઘરનો માલિક શા માટે કૂતરાનો ભય ન રાખવાનું કહે છે?
Answer: The owner of the house asks the guest not to be afraid of the dog because it will be the test of its nature now, to see whether it bites or not. ઘરનો માલિક કૂતરાનો ભય ન રાખવાનું કહે છે, કારણ કે કૂતરાનો કરડવાનો સ્વભાવ છે કે નહિ તેની પરીક્ષા હવે થશે.
In simple words: The homeowner tells the guest not to fear the dog, explaining that they are testing if it bites or not.

Exam Tip: When giving reasons, state the cause clearly and concisely. The explanation should directly address the "why" of the question.

 

Question 4. Why is the first thief counting money ? પહેલો ચોર શા માટે પૈસાની ગણતરી કરે છે?
Answer: The first thief is counting money because he wants to know how much money they have gotten. પહેલો ચોર કેટલા પૈસા મળ્યા તે જાણવા માટે પૈસાની ગણતરી કરે છે.
In simple words: The first thief is counting the money to find out how much they have managed to get.

Exam Tip: Always identify the motive or purpose when asked "why." The answer should explain the character's internal reason.

 

Question 5. Why does Shambhunath's wife take dinner after he takes his dinner ? શંભુનાથના પત્ની તેમના પતિના ભોજન કર્યા પછી જ શા માટે ભોજન કરે છે?
Answer: Shambhunath's wife takes dinner after he takes his dinner because they both have only one denture. શંભુનાથના પત્ની તેમના પતિના ભોજન કર્યા પછી જ ભોજન કરે છે. કેમ કે તેઓ પતિ-પત્ની વચ્ચે એક જ કૃત્રિમ દાંતનું ચોકઠું છે.
In simple words: Shambhunath's wife eats after him because they share a single set of artificial teeth.

Exam Tip: For questions involving unique circumstances, ensure your answer clearly explains the unusual situation that leads to the stated action.

 

Question 3. Choose the correct option for the answer of each of the given questions :
Answer: This section tests your understanding of the story by asking multiple-choice questions. You need to select the most appropriate option from the given choices for each question.
In simple words: Pick the best answer from the given choices for each question, based on what you learned in the lesson.

Exam Tip: Always read all options carefully before selecting an answer. Sometimes, multiple options seem plausible, but only one is entirely correct according to the text.

 

Question 1. यन्त्रं कीदृशम् अस्ति?
(a) विक्रीयोग्यम्
(b) क्रयणयोग्यम्
(c) सुन्दरम्
(d) दृढं विशिष्टं च
Answer: (b) क्रयणयोग्यम्
In simple words: The machine is described as "worthy of being bought" or "buyable."

Exam Tip: Understand the difference between "विक्रीयोग्यम्" (saleable) and "क्रयणयोग्यम्" (buyable). The question focuses on the machine's quality for a buyer.

 

Question 2. ग्राहकः कतिपयानि यन्त्राणि याचते?
(a) एकं यन्त्रम्
(b) त्रीणि यन्त्राणि
(c) द्वे यन्त्रे
(d) पञ्च यन्त्राणि
Answer: (c) द्वे यन्त्रे
In simple words: The customer asks for two machines.

Exam Tip: Pay attention to specific numbers mentioned in the story. "कतिपयानि" asks for "how many."

 

Question 3. छात्रस्य गृहकार्ये शिक्षकः किं पश्यति?
(a) एकं दोषम्
(b) द्वौ दोषौ
(c) बहून् दोषान्
(d) अशुद्धं लेखनम्
Answer: (c) बहून् दोषान्
In simple words: The teacher sees many mistakes in the student's homework.

Exam Tip: The word "बहून्" means "many," indicating the quantity of mistakes observed by the teacher.

 

Question 4. गृहपाठलेखने छात्रस्य अपि सहायतां करोति। – रिक्तस्थाने उचितं पदं किम्?
(a) मित्रम्
(b) पितामहः
(c) पिता
(d) None of the options
Answer: (c) पिता
In simple words: The father also helps the student in writing homework.

Exam Tip: Fill-in-the-blank questions often test your recall of specific details from the narrative. Refer back to the story to confirm the correct helper.

 

Question 5. चौरद्वयं कुत्र लुण्ठनं करोति?
(a) धनिकगृहे
(b) राजप्रासादे
(c) धनभाण्डारे
(d) वित्तकोषे
Answer: (d) वित्तकोषे
In simple words: The two thieves commit robbery in a bank.

Exam Tip: "कुत्र" asks for the location. Your answer should specify where the action took place, in this case, the bank.

 

Question 6. वर्तमानपत्रे वार्ता आगमिष्यति एव। – रिक्तस्थाने उचितः शब्दः कः?
(a) अद्य
(b) ह्यः
(c) श्वः
(d) एकदा
Answer: (c) श्वः
In simple words: The news will definitely come in the newspaper tomorrow.

Exam Tip: Contextual clues are important for fill-in-the-blank questions. The phrase "आगमिष्यति एव" (will surely come) indicates a future event, making "श्वः" (tomorrow) the correct choice.

 

Question 7. शम्भुनाथस्य पत्नी तस्य भोजनस्य एव भोजनं करोति । – रिक्तस्थाने उचितः शब्दः कः?
(a) पश्चात्
(b) प्रति
(c) पूर्वम्
(d) मध्ये
Answer: (a) पश्चात्
In simple words: Shambhunath's wife eats only after his meal.

Exam Tip: "पश्चात्" means "after." This word is crucial for indicating sequence of actions, as seen in the story about the shared denture.

 

Question 8. Find the Sanskrit word for the 'Bank'.
(a) प्रतिशतम्
(b) विपणिः
(c) वित्तम्
(d) वित्तकोषः
Answer: (d) वित्तकोषः
In simple words: The Sanskrit word for 'Bank' is 'वित्तकोषः'.

Exam Tip: Vocabulary questions test your knowledge of Sanskrit equivalents. Regularly review the glossary and word meanings from the chapter.

 

Question 9. What is the meaning of word 'लुण्ठनम्' ?
(a) Percentage
(b) Robbery
(c) Bank
(d) Theft
Answer: (b) Robbery
In simple words: The word 'लुण्ठनम्' means 'Robbery'.

Exam Tip: Distinguish between similar-sounding words or concepts. While "theft" is close, "robbery" implies a more forceful act, aligning with the story's context.

 

Question 10. 'व्यर्थश्रमं मा करोतु ।' – Who says this sentence ?
(a) आपणिकः
(b) प्रथमः चोरः
(c) द्वितीयः चोरः
(d) शिक्षकः
Answer: (c) द्वितीयः चोरः
In simple words: The second thief says, "Don't do useless work."

Exam Tip: Identifying the speaker of a quote requires a good understanding of the dialogue and character interactions in the story.

 

Question 4. Fill in the blanks by selecting proper words from the brackets:
Answer: This task requires choosing the correct word from a given set of options to complete each sentence. It tests your vocabulary and grammatical understanding of how words fit into different contexts.
In simple words: Pick the best word from the list to fill in each blank in the sentences. This shows you know what the words mean and how to use them correctly.

Exam Tip: Read the entire sentence first to understand its meaning before trying to fill the blank. Consider both grammar and semantics when choosing the word.

 

Question. 1. आपणिकः- (ग्राहकं प्रति) एतत् यन्त्रं __________.
Answer: आपणिकः- (ग्राहकं प्रति) एतत् यन्त्रं क्रीणातु.
In simple words: The shopkeeper tells the customer, "Buy this machine." The missing word means "buy."

Exam Tip: In commands or requests, the verb is often in the imperative mood. "क्रीणातु" (buy) is the correct imperative form here.

 

Question. 2. तर्हि कृपया ______ द्वे यन्त्रे ददातु।
Answer: तर्हि कृपया द्वे यन्त्रे ददातु।
In simple words: Then, please give me two machines. The missing word means "please."

Exam Tip: The word "कृपया" (please) is a common polite interjection used to make requests softer.

 

Question. 3. गृहपाठलेखने मम पिता अपि __________ करोति ।
Answer: गृहपाठलेखने मम पिता अपि सहायतां / सहायताम् करोति ।
In simple words: My father also helps in writing homework. The missing word means "help."

Exam Tip: Both "सहायतां" and "सहायताम्" are correct forms for "help" depending on the grammatical context. In this sentence, both are acceptable.

 

Question. 4. एतस्य स्वभावस्य परीक्षणम् __________ भविष्यति।
Answer: एतस्य स्वभावस्य परीक्षणम् अधुना भविष्यति।
In simple words: The test of its nature will happen now. The missing word means "now."

Exam Tip: "अधुना" means "now," indicating the immediate future for the test of the dog's nature.

 

Question. 5. श्वः __________ वार्ताम् आगमिष्यति एव।
Answer: श्वः वर्तमानपत्रे वार्ताम् आगमिष्यति एव।
In simple words: Tomorrow, the news will definitely come in the newspaper. The missing word means "in the newspaper."

Exam Tip: "वर्तमानपत्रे" (in the newspaper) is the correct locative form needed here to indicate where the news will appear.

 

Question. 6. आवयोः एका एव __________ अस्ति।
Answer: आवयोः एका एव कृत्रिमदन्तावलिः अस्ति।
In simple words: Both of us have only one artificial denture. The missing word means "artificial denture."

Exam Tip: This blank refers to the key item in Shambhunath's joke, highlighting the importance of recalling specific details.

 

Question 5. Put a v against the true statement and a against the false statement :
Answer: This exercise requires you to evaluate each statement and determine whether it is true or false based on the information provided in the chapter. You then mark it with either a 'v' for true or 'a' for false.
In simple words: Decide if each sentence is true or false according to the lesson. Write 'v' for true and 'a' for false.

Exam Tip: Always refer back to the text to confirm the accuracy of each statement. Do not rely on assumptions or outside knowledge.

 

Question 1. एतत् यन्त्रं ग्रहणयोग्यम् अस्ति।
Answer: (v) True
In simple words: This statement says the machine is suitable for buying, which is true.

Exam Tip: The shopkeeper's dialogue confirms that the machine is presented as "क्रयणयोग्यम्" (worth buying), making this statement true.

 

Question 2. सर्वान् दोषान् छात्रः एकः एव करोति।
Answer: (a) False
In simple words: This statement claims the student alone makes all the mistakes, which is false because his father also helps him with homework.

Exam Tip: The joke reveals that the father helps the student with homework, implying the student is not solely responsible for all errors, making the statement false.

 

Question 3. अतिथिः श्वानभयम् अनुभवति।
Answer: (v) True
In simple words: This statement says the guest experiences fear of the dog, which is true.

Exam Tip: The house owner's reassurance to the guest about the dog confirms that the guest was indeed feeling apprehension, so the statement is true.

 

Question 4. एकः चोरः वित्तकोषे चौर्यं करोति।
Answer: (a) False
In simple words: This statement says one thief robs the bank, which is false; two thieves are involved.

Exam Tip: The story explicitly mentions "चोरद्वयम्" (two thieves) robbing the bank, making the statement that only one thief did it false.

 

Question 5. शम्भुनाथः पन्या सह भोजनं न करोति।
Answer: (v) True
In simple words: This statement says Shambhunath does not eat with his wife, which is true because they cannot eat at the same time due to sharing one denture.

Exam Tip: The key detail is that they share a single denture, which prevents them from eating simultaneously. Hence, they do not eat *together*, making the statement true.

 

Question 6. Pronounce the following words clearly and write English meaning:
Answer: This section provides a list of Sanskrit words and asks you to pronounce them correctly and then write their English meanings. It is a vocabulary and pronunciation practice exercise.
In simple words: Say each Sanskrit word clearly and then write down what it means in English. This helps with your speaking and word knowledge.

Exam Tip: For pronunciation, focus on each syllable. For meaning, be precise and use the most common English equivalent from the lesson context.

 

Question. 1. आपणिकः
Answer: Shopkeeper
In simple words: "आपणिकः" means the person who runs a shop.

Exam Tip: Connect the Sanskrit word to its primary role or profession as depicted in the story.

 

Question. 2. क्रीणातु
Answer: Buy
In simple words: "क्रीणातु" means to purchase something.

Exam Tip: Recognize this as an imperative verb, meaning "you buy" or "let him buy," depending on context. Here, it is a command.

 

Question. 3. पञ्चाशत्
Answer: Fifty
In simple words: "पञ्चाशत्" is the number fifty.

Exam Tip: Be familiar with Sanskrit numbers, especially those used for quantities in the lesson.

 

Question. 4. दृष्ट्रा
Answer: See
In simple words: "दृष्ट्रा" means to look or to have seen.

Exam Tip: This is a gerund or absolutive, meaning "having seen" or "after seeing," but it can be simply translated as "see" in context.

 

Question. 5. दंशनस्वभावः
Answer: Biting nature
In simple words: "दंशनस्वभावः" means the habit or characteristic of biting.

Exam Tip: Break down compound words to understand their meaning. "दंशन" (biting) + "स्वभावः" (nature) gives the full meaning.

 

Question. 6. चौरद्वयम्
Answer: Two thieves
In simple words: "चौरद्वयम्" refers to a pair of thieves.

Exam Tip: The suffix "द्वयम्" indicates a pair or a duo. This is a common way to express "two of something" in Sanskrit.

 

Question. 7. आगत्य
Answer: Having come
In simple words: "आगत्य" means after arriving or coming.

Exam Tip: Similar to "दृष्ट्रा," this is a gerund. It signifies an action completed before another main action.

 

Question. 8. कृत्रिमदन्तावलिः
Answer: Artificial denture
In simple words: "कृत्रिमदन्तावलिः" means a set of false teeth.

Exam Tip: This is another compound word where "कृत्रिम" means artificial and "दन्तावलिः" means a row of teeth or dentures.

 

Question. 9. प्रतिशतम्
Answer: Percent
In simple words: "प्रतिशतम्" means a part out of every hundred.

Exam Tip: This term is directly analogous to "per cent" in English, signifying a fraction of 100.

 

Question. 10. परीक्षणम्
Answer: Test
In simple words: "परीक्षणम्" means an examination or a trial.

Exam Tip: This word appears in the context of testing the dog's biting nature. Understand its application in different situations.

 

Question 7. Find the Sanskrit meaning of following English words from the lesson and write :
Answer: This section provides English words and asks for their Sanskrit equivalents found in the lesson. This helps reinforce vocabulary from English to Sanskrit.
In simple words: For each English word given, write its Sanskrit meaning as it was used in the lesson.

Exam Tip: Ensure that the Sanskrit word you provide is specifically from the chapter's vocabulary. Some English words might have multiple Sanskrit translations, but only the lesson's version is correct here.

 

Question. 1. Buying
Answer: क्रयणम्
In simple words: The Sanskrit word for "Buying" is "क्रयणम्."

Exam Tip: Relate "Buying" back to the verb "क्रीणातु" (to buy) from earlier in the lesson.

 

Question. 3. Robbery
Answer: लुण्ठनम्
In simple words: The Sanskrit word for "Robbery" is "लुण्ठनम्."

Exam Tip: This word is central to the story of the two thieves. Knowing its meaning is crucial for understanding that narrative.

 

Question. 4. Percent
Answer: प्रतिशतम्
In simple words: "Percent" in Sanskrit is "प्रतिशतम्."

Exam Tip: This term appeared when describing the machine's efficiency. It directly translates to "percentage."

 

Question. 5. Shopkeeper
Answer: आपणिकः
In simple words: The Sanskrit word for "Shopkeeper" is "आपणिकः."

Exam Tip: This is a key character in one of the jokes. Associate the word with its role in the story.

 

Question. 6. Less
Answer: अल्पम्
In simple words: The Sanskrit word for "Less" is "अल्पम्."

Exam Tip: "अल्पम्" refers to a small amount or quantity, or something being less than before.

 

Question. 7. Then
Answer: पश्चात्, ततः
In simple words: "Then" can be translated as "पश्चात्" or "ततः" in Sanskrit.

Exam Tip: Both words indicate sequence or consequence. "पश्चात्" often implies "after" in a temporal sense, while "ततः" can mean "from that" or "then."

 

Question. 8. Newspaper
Answer: वर्तमानपत्रम्
In simple words: "Newspaper" in Sanskrit is "वर्तमानपत्रम्."

Exam Tip: This word is used in the joke about the thieves and the news, making it a relevant vocabulary item.

 

Question 8. Translate the following sentences in Sanskrit and write in your notebook properly :
Answer: This section provides English sentences that need to be translated into Sanskrit. This exercise tests your ability to construct Sanskrit sentences, applying grammatical rules and vocabulary learned in the chapter. It encourages proper sentence formation.
In simple words: Change the English sentences into correct Sanskrit sentences. Write them carefully in your notebook to practice forming sentences.

Exam Tip: When translating, identify the subject, verb, and object first. Then, choose appropriate Sanskrit words and apply correct case endings and verb conjugations.

 

Question 1. Then please give me two machines.
Answer: तर्हि कृपया द्वे यन्त्रे ददातु।
In simple words: The Sanskrit translation for "Then please give me two machines" is given.

Exam Tip: Note the use of "तर्हि" (then), "कृपया" (please), and the imperative verb "ददातु" (give) for a request.

 

Question 2. My father also helps me in doing my homework.
Answer: गृहपाठलेखने मम पिता अपि सहायतां करोति।
In simple words: This is the Sanskrit way to say "My father also helps me with my homework."

Exam Tip: "गृहपाठलेखने" is in the locative case, meaning "in writing homework." "अपि" means "also."

 

Question 3. Please welcome. Don't be afraid of the dog.
Answer: भवान् आगच्छतु। श्वानभयं न अनुभवतु।
In simple words: This translates to "You are welcome. Do not experience fear of the dog."

Exam Tip: "आगच्छतु" is an imperative verb for "come" (welcome), and "न अनुभवतु" is a negative command "do not experience."

 

Question 4. I am counting money because I want to know how much money we have got.
Answer: कियत् धनं प्राप्तं तस्य ज्ञानार्थं धनगणनां करोमि।
In simple words: This Sanskrit sentence states, "I count the money to know how much wealth has been received."

Exam Tip: "ज्ञानार्थं" (for the sake of knowledge) expresses purpose. The verb "करोमि" is first-person singular present, meaning "I do."

 

Question 5. My wife takes dinner only after take my dinner.
Answer: मम पत्नी (भार्या) मम भोजनस्य पश्चात् एव भोजनं करोति।
In simple words: This means "My wife eats only after my meal."

Exam Tip: "पश्चात् एव" emphasizes "only after." Both "पत्नी" and "भार्या" mean "wife."

 

Question 9. Write synonyms of the Sanskrit words :
Answer: This section asks you to provide synonyms (words with similar meanings) for given Sanskrit words. This helps expand your vocabulary and understand the nuances of different words that can be used interchangeably.
In simple words: For each Sanskrit word, write another Sanskrit word that means the same thing. This will help you learn more words.

Exam Tip: Practice identifying different words that convey the same core meaning. This is useful for writing and understanding varied texts.

 

Question. 1. अल्पम्
Answer: अल्पम् \( = \) नूनम्
In simple words: A synonym for "अल्पम्" (little) is "नूनम्" (lesser).

Exam Tip: Both words denote a small quantity or amount. Recognizing such pairs is essential for building a rich vocabulary.

 

Question. 2. कृपा
Answer: कृपा \( = \) करुणा, दया
In simple words: Synonyms for "कृपा" (kindness) are "करुणा" and "दया" (compassion).

Exam Tip: These words are often used in contexts of mercy and empathy. Knowing multiple options helps in expressing similar feelings.

 

Question. 3. छात्रः
Answer: छात्रः \( = \) विद्यार्थी
In simple words: A synonym for "छात्रः" (student) is "विद्यार्थी" (learner).

Exam Tip: These terms are almost interchangeable and refer to a pupil or student. Both are commonly used.

 

Question. 4. दृष्ट्रा
Answer: दृष्ट्रा \( = \) ईक्षित्वा
In simple words: A synonym for "दृष्ट्रा" (having seen) is "ईक्षित्वा" (having looked).

Exam Tip: Both are gerunds conveying the sense of completing an action of seeing or looking before another action begins.

 

Question. 5. सहायता
Answer: सहायता \( = \) साहाय्यम्
In simple words: A synonym for "सहायता" (help) is "साहाय्यम्" (assistance).

Exam Tip: Both words refer to providing aid or support. They are often used synonymously in Sanskrit texts.

 

Question. 6. पिता
Answer: पिता \( = \) जनकः
In simple words: A synonym for "पिता" (father) is "जनकः" (parent/creator).

Exam Tip: While "जनकः" can mean 'parent' more broadly, in the context of "पिता," it functions as a synonym for 'father'.

 

Question. 7. श्वानः
Answer: श्वानः \( = \) कुक्कुरः
In simple words: A synonym for "श्वानः" (dog) is "कुक्कुरः" (canine).

Exam Tip: Both terms are widely used to refer to a dog. Knowing both enhances your descriptive ability.

 

Question. 8. स्वभावः
Answer: स्वभावः \( = \) प्रकृतिः
In simple words: A synonym for "स्वभावः" (nature) is "प्रकृतिः" (inherent quality).

Exam Tip: Both words refer to the inherent characteristics or disposition of a person or thing.

 

Question. 9. चोरः
Answer: चोरः \( = \) चौरः, स्तेनः
In simple words: Synonyms for "चोरः" (thief) are "चौरः" and "स्तेनः" (robber).

Exam Tip: "चोरः" and "चौरः" are often used interchangeably, while "स्तेनः" is another common term for a thief.

 

Question. 10. गृहम्
Answer: गृहम् \( = \) भवनम्, सदनम्
In simple words: Synonyms for "गृहम्" (house) are "भवनम्" and "सदनम्" (building/abode).

Exam Tip: All three words refer to a dwelling or a building. "भवनम्" can be more general (building), while "सदनम्" often implies a residence.

 

Question 10. Write opposite Sanskrit words :
Answer: This section requires you to provide the antonyms (opposite meanings) for the given Sanskrit words. This is a crucial exercise for deepening your vocabulary and understanding word relationships.
In simple words: For each Sanskrit word, write another Sanskrit word that means the exact opposite. This helps you understand word differences.

Exam Tip: Think about the core meaning of each word and find a word that expresses the direct contrast. Many opposites are formed by adding prefixes like 'अ-' or 'अन्-'.

 

Question. 2. योग्यम्
Answer: योग्यम् \( \times \) अयोग्यम्
In simple words: The opposite of "योग्यम्" (suitable) is "अयोग्यम्" (unsuitable).

Exam Tip: The prefix 'अ-' often denotes negation or the opposite meaning in Sanskrit.

 

Question. 3. अल्पम्
Answer: अल्पम् \( \times \) अनल्पम्, प्रभूतम्
In simple words: The opposite of "अल्पम्" (little) is "अनल्पम्" (not little) or "प्रभूतम्" (plentiful).

Exam Tip: Both "अनल्पम्" (using the negation prefix) and "प्रभूतम्" (a different word) serve as valid antonyms.

 

Question. 4. दोषाः
Answer: दोषाः \( \times \) गुणाः
In simple words: The opposite of "दोषाः" (faults) is "गुणाः" (virtues).

Exam Tip: This pair represents a common contrast between negative qualities and positive attributes.

 

Question. 5. उदयः
Answer: उदयः \( \times \) अस्तः
In simple words: The opposite of "उदयः" (rise) is "अस्तः" (set).

Exam Tip: This pair is frequently used in the context of the sun or moon rising and setting.

 

Question. 6. भयम्
Answer: भयम् \( \times \) अभयम्
In simple words: The opposite of "भयम्" (fear) is "अभयम्" (fearlessness).

Exam Tip: Again, the 'अ-' prefix effectively creates the antonym here.

 

Question. 7. अधुना
Answer: अधुना \( \times \) पश्चात्
In simple words: The opposite of "अधुना" (now) is "पश्चात्" (after).

Exam Tip: These terms contrast immediate time with a later time.

 

Question. 8. प्राप्तम्
Answer: प्राप्तम् \( \times \) अप्राप्तम्
In simple words: The opposite of "प्राप्तम्" (obtained) is "अप्राप्तम्" (not obtained).

Exam Tip: The prefix 'अ-' indicates the absence or negation of the state of being obtained.

 

Question. 9. व्यर्थम्
Answer: व्यर्थम् \( \times \) सार्थकम्
In simple words: The opposite of "व्यर्थम्" (useless) is "सार्थकम्" (meaningful).

Exam Tip: This pair contrasts futility with purpose or utility.

 

Question. 10. श्वः
Answer: श्वः \( \times \) ह्यः, अद्य
In simple words: The opposite of "श्वः" (tomorrow) is "ह्यः" (yesterday) or "अद्य" (today).

Exam Tip: "ह्यः" is the direct opposite in terms of time, while "अद्य" represents the present in contrast to the future.

 

Question. 11. ज्ञानम्
Answer: ज्ञानम् \( \times \) अज्ञानम्
In simple words: The opposite of "ज्ञानम्" (knowledge) is "अज्ञानम्" (ignorance).

Exam Tip: The 'अ-' prefix is commonly used to form antonyms of abstract nouns, indicating a lack of the quality.

 

ज्ञातव्यम् (Fit to be Known)
Answer: This section provides a list of twelve fruit names in Sanskrit, along with their English equivalents. It serves as an informational vocabulary builder, encouraging students to learn and correctly pronounce these words. This enhances general knowledge and Sanskrit vocabulary related to common objects.
In simple words: This part gives a list of twelve fruit names in Sanskrit and their English meanings. It's to help you learn more words and say them correctly.

Exam Tip: Memorize these common fruit names. Practice pronouncing them to improve your spoken Sanskrit and expand your practical vocabulary.

 

Question. Names of twelve fruits in Sanskrit have been given here. Read them with correct pronunciation again and again.
Answer:
1. आम्रम्, आम्रफलम् – mango
2. सीताफलम् – custard-apple
3. बदरिका – berry
4. सेवम् – apple
5. जम्बूफलम् – rose-apple, jamun
6. दाडिमम् - pomegranate
7. कदलीफलम् – banana
8. नारङ्गम् – orange
9. आमलकम् – hog-plum
10. निम्बूकम् – lemon
11. खबूंजः- watermelon
12. नारिकेलम् – coconut
In simple words: This is a list of Sanskrit words for fruits like mango, apple, and banana, along with their English names, for you to read and learn.

Exam Tip: Learn to recognize these words visually and auditorily. This helps in understanding texts that mention common items like fruits.

 

हास्ययोगः Summary in English
Answer: To create interest in language, funny stories and jokes are very useful. In this chapter, we have tried to make language education easy by using some humorous jokes. These jokes serve to illustrate various grammatical concepts and vocabulary in an entertaining format, enhancing the learning experience.
In simple words: Funny stories and jokes really help make learning a language interesting. This lesson uses some humorous jokes to make learning the language simpler and more enjoyable.

Exam Tip: Summaries help to consolidate your understanding of the chapter's main theme and purpose. Reviewing the summary can reinforce key takeaways.

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