GSEB Class 10 Sanskrit Solutions Chapter 4 जनार्दनस्य पश्चिमः सन्देशः

GSEB Class 10 Sanskrit जनार्दनस्य पश्चिमः सन्देशः Textbook Questions and Answers

अधोलिखितेभ्यः विकल्पेभ्यः समुचितम् उत्तरं चिनुत
Choose the correct answer from the given alternatives:

Question 1. यदुकुलप्रवालः कः?
(क) घटोत्कचः
(ख) अर्जुनः
(ग) अभिमन्युः
(घ) दुर्योधनः
Answer: (ग) अभिमन्युः
In simple words: The question asks who is "Yadukul Pravalah". The correct choice is Abhimanyu.

Exam Tip: Remember to identify key characters and their descriptions from the text for MCQ questions. "Yadukul Pravalah" refers to a distinguished member of the Yadu dynasty.

Question 2. अभिमन्युः कस्य पुत्रः आसीत्?
(क) जनार्दनस्य
(ख) धृतराष्ट्रस्य
(ग) अर्जुनस्य
(घ) शकुनेः
Answer: (ग) अर्जुनस्य
In simple words: The question asks whose son Abhimanyu was. The right answer is Arjuna.

Exam Tip: Family relations of central characters are frequently tested. Ensure you know the lineage of important figures like Abhimanyu.

Question 3. अभिमन्योः मातुलः कः?
(क) दुर्योधनः
(ख) शकुनिः
(ग) जनार्दनः
(घ) घटोत्कचः
Answer: (ग) जनार्दनः
In simple words: The question asks who Abhimanyu's maternal uncle was. The correct person is Janardana.

Exam Tip: Knowledge of familial relationships is crucial. "Matula" specifically means maternal uncle.

Question 4. 'शान्तं पापं शान्तं पापम्'- इति कः वदति?
(क) घटोत्कचः
(ख) धृतराष्ट्रः
(ग) शकुनिः
(घ) अर्जुनः
Answer: (क) घटोत्कचः
In simple words: The question asks who says "Shantam Papam, Shantam Papam". It is Ghatotkacha who utters these words.

Exam Tip: Attributing famous quotes or dialogues to the correct character is important. Pay attention to who speaks which lines in the play.

Question 5. 'वयं दूतघातकाः न।' इदं वाक्यं केन कथितम?
(क) दुर्योधनेन
(ख) घटोत्कचेन
(ग) शकुनिना
(घ) धृतराष्ट्रेण
Answer: (क) दुर्योधनेन
In simple words: The question asks who says the sentence "We are not killers of envoys". Duryodhana is the one who speaks these lines.

Exam Tip: Understanding the context and speaker of specific dialogues helps to answer such questions accurately. This line highlights Duryodhana's perspective on envoys.

Question 6. चक्रायुधः कः?
(क) अभिमन्युः
(ख) जनार्दनः
(ग) धृतराष्ट्रः
(घ) शकुनिः
Answer: (ख) जनार्दनः
In simple words: The question asks who is "Chakrayudha". This title refers to Janardana.

Exam Tip: Know the various epithets and alternative names of important gods and characters from the epic for complete marks.

Question 7. भवन्तः "........." अपि क्रूरतराः।
(क) राक्षसान्
(ख) राक्षसैः
(ग) राक्षसेभ्यः
(घ) राक्षसेषु
Answer: (ग) राक्षसेभ्यः
In simple words: The sentence implies a comparison, stating "You are crueller than.........". The correct word to fill in the blank is "rakshasebhyah", meaning "than demons".

Exam Tip: Pay attention to the correct case and number when filling in blanks, especially in Sanskrit, where word forms change significantly.

Question 8. कृतान्तः शब्दस्य कः अर्थ:?
(क) पाण्डवः
(ख) सूर्यः
(ग) यमराजः
(घ) नष्टः
Answer: (ग) यमराजः
In simple words: The question asks for the meaning of the word "Kritantah". It means "Yamaraja", the god of death.

Exam Tip: Familiarize yourself with the vocabulary from the chapter, as direct meaning-based questions are common.

2. एकवाक्येन संस्कृतभाषायाम् उत्तरं लिखत-
Answer in one Sanskrit sentence :

Question 1. घटोत्कचः कस्य संदेशं नयति।
Answer: घटोत्कचः जनार्दनस्य संदेशं नयति।
In simple words: Ghatotkacha carries Janardana's message.

Exam Tip: When answering in one sentence, keep the response concise and directly address the question without extra details.

Question 2. अभिमन्युः कं द्रष्टुं स्वर्गम् अभिगतः?
Answer: अभिमन्युः पितामहं द्रष्टुं स्वर्गम् अभिगतः।
In simple words: Abhimanyu went to heaven to see his grandfather.

Exam Tip: Ensure the verb and noun endings match the question's grammatical structure for a correct Sanskrit response.

Question 3. कुत्र सुप्तान् भ्रातॄन् निशाचराः न दहन्ति?
Answer: जतुग्रहे सुप्तान् भ्रातॄन निशाचराः न दहन्ति।
In simple words: Night-roaming demons do not burn sleeping brothers in a house of lacquer.

Exam Tip: This question refers to a specific incident in the Mahabharata. Providing the specific location, "Jatugriha" (house of lacquer), is key.

Question 4. घटोत्कचः कस्य वचनात् दूतः भवति?
Answer: घटोत्कचः जनार्दनस्य वचनात् दूतः भवति।
In simple words: Ghatotkacha becomes an envoy at Janardana's command.

Exam Tip: Clearly state whose instructions Ghatotkacha is following to serve as a messenger.

3. अधोलिखितां कृदन्तानां प्रकारं लिखत
Name the type of following कृदन्त।

Question 1. (1) श्रोतव्यः (2) परित्यज्य (3) अभिगतः (4) उपसृत्य (5) द्रष्टुम् (6) काङ्क्षितम्।
Answer:
(1) श्रोतव्यः - विध्यर्थक कर्मणि कृदन्तम्।
(2) परित्यज्य - पूर्वकालकं ल्यबन्तं धातुसाधितम् अव्ययम्।
(3) अभिगतः - त-प्रत्ययान्तं कर्तरि भूतकृदन्तम्।
(4) उपसृत्य - पूर्व कालकं ल्यबन्तं धातुसाधितम् अव्ययम्।
(5) द्रष्टुम् - हेत्वर्धक धातुसाधितं तुमुन्तम् अव्ययम्।
(6) काङ्क्षितम् - कर्मणि भूतकाल वाचकं धातुसाधितं विशेषण।
In simple words: This question asks us to identify the type of 'Krudanta' (participle) for each given word. We need to categorize them based on their grammatical function and form, such as action for 'Vidhyarthaka Karmani Krudantam' or past tense for 'Bhutakrudantam'.

Exam Tip: For each 'Krudanta', memorize its suffix and the specific grammatical purpose it serves (e.g., potential, perfect, infinitive). This helps in accurate classification.

4. सन्धिविच्छेदं कुरुतः
Dissolve the sandhis.

Question 1. (1) घटोत्कचोऽहम् (2) शकुनिरेषः (3) दूतोऽहमस्मि (4) दूत इति
Answer:
(1) घटोत्कचोऽहम् - घटोत्कचः + अहम्
(2) शकुनिरेषः - शकुनिः + एषः
(3) दूतोऽहमस्मि - दूतः + अहम् + अस्मि
(4) दूत इति - दूतः + इति
In simple words: We need to separate each compound word into its original parts. This involves breaking down the 'Sandhi' (conjunction rules) to find the individual words that formed it.

Exam Tip: Practice identifying common Sandhi rules like Visarga Sandhi, Svar Sandhi, and Vyanjan Sandhi to accurately dissolve compound words.

5. समासप्रकारं लिखतः
Name the type of the compound:

Question 1. (1) कुरुकुलप्रदीपः (2) चक्रायुधः (3) पुत्रशोकसमुत्थितः (4) धृतराष्ट्रः
Answer:
(1) कुरुकुलप्रदीपः - षष्ठी तत्पुरुष समासः
(2) चक्रायुधः - बहुव्रीहि समासः (चक्रम् आयुधं यस्य सः इति)
(3) पुत्रशोकसमुत्थितः - पञ्चमी तत्पुरुष समासः (पुत्रशोकात् समुत्थितः इति)
(4) धृतराष्ट्रः - बहुव्रीहि समासः (धृतं राष्ट्रं येन सः इति)
In simple words: For each word, we need to name the type of 'Samas' (compound) it represents. For example, 'Kurukulapradipah' is a Shashti Tatpurusha Samas because it shows a possessive relationship ("lamp of the Kuru clan").

Exam Tip: Understand the defining characteristics of each Samas type (e.g., which member is prominent, what kind of relationship it describes) to classify them correctly. For Bahuvrihi, the compound refers to something else entirely.

8. रेखाड़ित पदानां स्थाने प्रकोष्ठात् उचितं पदं चित्वा प्रश्नवाक्यं रचयत
Choose the correct word from the brackets to replace the underlined word and make interrogative sentences:
(कस्य, केन, कीवृशाः, कम्, किमर्थम्)

Question 1. (1) घटोत्कचः पितामहम् अभिवादयति। (2) त्वं युद्धार्थम् न आगतः। (3) वयं दुतघातकाः न। (4) जनार्दनस्य पश्चिमः सन्देशः श्रोतव्यः।
Answer:
(1) घटोत्कचः कम् अभिवादयति?
(2) त्वं किमर्थम् न आगतः?
(3) वयं कीदृशाः न?
(4) कस्य पश्चिमः सन्देशः श्रोतव्यः?
In simple words: For each given sentence, we need to replace the underlined word with an appropriate interrogative (question word) from the provided options. This changes the statement into a question. For example, "Ghatotkacha salutes the grandfather" becomes "Whom does Ghatotkacha salute?".

Exam Tip: To frame correct interrogative sentences, ensure the question word matches the gender, number, and case of the word it replaces. Understand the meaning of each interrogative pronoun.

7. उदाहरणानुसारं नामरूपस्य परिचये कारयत
Write ofted according to example. –

Question 1. Fill in the table above based on the example provided.
Answer:

Exam Tip: Thoroughly learn the declension patterns for different genders (masculine, feminine, neuter) and vowel/consonant endings. This is fundamental for Sanskrit grammar.

8. धातुरूपाणां परिचयं कारयत
Write the form of root verb.

Question 1. Fill in the table above based on the example provided.
Answer:

Exam Tip: Master the different 'Lakaars' (tenses and moods) and their endings for each person and number. Recognize prefixes that modify the verb's meaning.

9. कोष्ठगतपवानि प्रयुग्ध वाक्यानि रचयत्
Use words from brackets and make sentences:

Question 1. (1) (धृतराष्ट्र कौरव जनक अस्) (2) (घटोत्कच जनार्दन सन्देश आ + नी – नय्) (3) (अस्मद् दूतघातक न) (4) (घटोत्कच धृतराष्ट्र प्र + नम्)
Answer:
(1) धृतराष्ट्रः कौरवाणां जनकः आसीत्।
(Translation: Dhritarashtra was the father of Kauravas.)
(2) घटोत्कचः जनार्दनस्य सन्देशम् आनयति।
(Translation: Ghatotkacha brings the message of Janardana.)
(3) वयं दूतघातकाः नः।
(Translation: We are not killers of an envoy.)
(4) घटोत्कचः धृतराष्ट्रं प्रणमति।
(Translation: Ghatotkacha bows to Dhritarashtra.)
In simple words: For each set of words provided in brackets, we must form a complete and grammatically correct sentence in Sanskrit. The meaning of the sentence should accurately reflect the given words.

Exam Tip: Pay close attention to verb conjugations, noun declensions, and the correct placement of words to form meaningful sentences. Ensure the case of each noun aligns with its role in the sentence (e.g., subject, object).

10. अधोलिखिताना प्रश्नानाम् उत्तराणि आपलभाषायां लिखत –
Answer the following questions in English:

Question 1. What does घटोत्कच advise शकुनि to do?
Answer: Ghatotkacha advises Shakuni to give up playing dice. He tells him to prepare for war with arrows instead.
In simple words: Ghatotkacha tells Shakuni to stop gambling with dice and get ready for a battle with bows and arrows.

Exam Tip: Clearly state both parts of Ghatotkacha's advice: what to stop doing and what to start preparing for.

Question 2. Why does घटोत्कच call दुर्योधन more cruel than a demon?
Answer: Ghatotkacha calls Duryodhana more cruel than a demon because Duryodhana tried to burn his own brothers in a lac-house. Even a demon would not perform such a terrible act. By mentioning this evil deed, Ghatotkacha states that Duryodhana is crueller than a demon.
In simple words: Ghatotkacha says Duryodhana is worse than a demon because Duryodhana tried to burn his own brothers in a house of lac. Even demons wouldn't do something so mean.

Exam Tip: Cite the specific cruel act (burning brothers in a lac-house) that Ghatotkacha uses to justify his comparison.

Question 3. Describe अर्जुन s lamentation on अभिमन्य death.
Answer: Lamenting Abhimanyu's death in the battle, Arjuna says, "Alas! O son, the burning lamp of the Kuru dynasty! the scion of the Yadu clan! Leaving your mother Subhadra and myself, you went to meet your grandfather in heaven."
In simple words: Arjuna mourns Abhimanyu's death, calling him the bright lamp of the Kuru and Yadu families. He sadly notes that Abhimanyu left him and his mother to join his grandfather in heaven.

Exam Tip: Include the key phrases of sorrow and the important relationships mentioned in Arjuna's lament to show a complete understanding.

11. Write short note in English.

Question 1. Character of घटोत्कचः
Answer: Despite being the son of the demoness Hidimba, Ghatotkacha behaves like a perfect gentleman. He does not forget to mention the elders like Yudishthira when he bows down to Dhritarashtra. He shows his regard for Dhritarashtra further by calling him the source of all good things. While talking with Duryodhana and Shakuni, he displays his skill in witty replies.
In simple words: Ghatotkacha is polite and respectful, even though he is a demon's son. He shows respect to elders like Dhritarashtra but is also sharp-witted when speaking to Duryodhana and Shakuni.

Exam Tip: Highlight Ghatotkacha's dual nature: respectful yet sharp, and a representative of dharma despite his demonic heritage.

Question 2. Message conveyed by step श्रीकृष्णा
Answer: Ghatotkacha conveys Shri Krishna's message, first to Dhritarashtra and then a final message to all Kuru princes. In the first message, Shri Krishna warns the old king Dhritarashtra about the grim future of losing a hundred sons and asks him to get ready. In the final message, the princes are told that death would come upon them with the rays of the sun. The Lord's message starts with a short, benign sentence, "Do what is right. Have regard for your kinsmen." and the third sentence – "whatever is your desire, fulfil here on the earth" – prepares them for the final climax – death will come upon them with the rays of the sun.
In simple words: Ghatotkacha delivers Krishna's message, first warning Dhritarashtra about losing his sons, then telling the Kuru princes that death awaits them. The message advises doing what is right and honoring family.

Exam Tip: Differentiate between the message given to Dhritarashtra and the message for the Kuru princes, noting the urgency and warning in both.

Write short note in English:

Question 1. अभिमन्यु, the light of Kuru race.
Answer: Abhimanyu was the son of Arjuna and Subhadra, Lord Krishna's sister. He was a very brave and illustrious warrior, rightly called "Kuru Kulapradipa," the light of the Kuru race, and "Yadukulaparalava," the scion of the Yadu race. He was killed unfairly by the Kauravas. As a result, Arjuna decided to kill Jayadratha, who was responsible for Abhimanyu's death.
In simple words: Abhimanyu, son of Arjuna and Krishna's sister, was a brave and famous warrior. He was unfairly killed by the Kauravas. Arjuna then vowed to kill Jayadratha for his death.

Exam Tip: Focus on Abhimanyu's lineage, his character traits (bravery, illustriousness), and the specific cause and consequence of his death.

Question 2. शकुनि
Answer: Shakuni was Duryodhana's maternal uncle and Gandhari's brother. He was known as a cunning adviser to Duryodhana and engaged in wicked dealings with the Pandavas. He was eventually killed by Sahadeva in the great Mahabharata war. In this lesson, Ghatotkacha insults him for his schemes.
In simple words: Shakuni, Duryodhana's maternal uncle, was a cunning character. He often plotted against the Pandavas and was eventually killed by Sahadeva in the Mahabharata war. Ghatotkacha criticizes him in this play.

Exam Tip: Describe Shakuni's role as an antagonist, his family relations, and his ultimate fate in the Mahabharata narrative.

जनार्दनस्य पश्चिमः सन्देशः Introduction

Bhasa's name is famous in Sanskrit literature. His plays are known as Terrich, and the current extract is taken from his one-act play Dootaghatotkacham. After Abhimanyu's death, Lord Krishna sends Ghatotkacha as his envoy. He approaches Dhritarashtra and is politely received by the latter. Ghatotkacha brings three messages: one for Yaksha, another for Geter, and the third for the five princes, which is a warning that death would come upon them with the sun's rays on the next day.

जनार्दनस्य पश्चिमः सन्देशः Summary Of The Chapter

Ghatotkacha (Entering): Ah, here is his majesty, the father of the ignoble hundred. Grandfather, here I salute you. I am a child (Having uttered half of that word) No, no, this is not the proper order. It is my elders, the Pandavas, and the rest that salute you, and after them.

Ghatotkacha: Salute you.
Dhritarashtra: Come, come, my son.
Ghatotkacha: Oh, how noble your majesty is! Lord Krishna, the wielder of the discus, has this message for my grandfather, who is the source of all auspicious things.
Dhritarashtra (Rising from his seat): What are the commands of the divine wielder of the discus?
Ghatotkacha: No, no, no, your majesty should listen to the message of Krishna, but being seated on the seat.
Dhritarashtra: As Lord Krishna commands (sits down).
Ghatotkacha: Listen, grandfather – oh, child Abhimanyu, Ah my child, the lamp of the Kuru dynasty, the scion of the Yadu family, you have left your mother and me, your maternal uncle too, and have gone to heaven in the hope of meeting your grandfather. Grandfather, such is the plight of Arjuna as a result of the death of one son. What then will be yours? So, quickly gather all the strength of your soul so that the fire rising from grief for your sons should not burn your life like an oblation.
Shakuni: If it were possible to conquer the earth by mere words, if by words and yet more words it could be done, all the warriors were indeed killed.
Ghatotkacha: This is Toofa speaking. O professor, leaving dice, be prepared for arrows.
Duryodhana: Ah, ha! He displays his true nature. We, too, are terrible, having the fierce nature of demons.
Ghatotkacha: Heaven forbid! You are much more ruthless than demons because demons do not burn their brother asleep in a house of lac. Similarly, demons do not touch the head of a brother's life.
Duryodhana: You have indeed come here as an envoy, and not to fight. Take your message and go; we are not those who kill messengers.
Ghatotkacha (Angrily): Are you insulting me saying that I am an envoy? No, indeed, I am not an envoy. Strike me all together (All get up).
Dhritarashtra: My grandson, please forbear, forbear. Pay attention to what I am saying.
Ghatotkacha: All right, let it be, I am an envoy at grandfather's word. O you kings, listen to the final message of Shri Krishna! Do what is right. Fulfill the particular expectations of the brothers, whatever is desired in your mind, do all that here in this world. For with the rays of the sun, death in the guise of a rose, as if it was the most excellent advice, will come upon you.

संस्कृतम्:

घटोत्कचः – (प्रविश्य) अये अयम् अत्रभवान् धृतराष्ट्रः। अनार्यशतस्य उत्पादयिता। (उपसृत्य) पितामह! अभिवादये घटोत्क ....। (इत्य|क्त) न न, अयम् अक्रमः। युधिष्ठिरादयश्च मे गुरवो भवन्तमभिवादयन्ति, पश्चात् घटोत्कचोऽहम् अभिवादये।
धृतराष्ट्रः – एहि एहि पुत्र।

Translation : घटोत्कच (Entering) Ah, Here is his majesty, Dhritarashtra, the father of the ignoble hundred. (Advancing) Grandfather, here I salute you. I am Ghatotkacha – (Having uttered half of that word) No, no, this is not the proper order. It is my elders, and the rest that salute you and after them.

घटोत्कच – Salute you.
धृतराष्ट्र – Come, come, my son.

Glossary: जनार्दनः – Lord श्रीकृष्णः the destroyer of the wicked people, पश्चिमः – last, घटोत्कचः – Name of a son of भीम, प्रविष्य – entering; a stage direction in dramas is given in brackets, अत्रभवान् – This respected sir; भवत् is used to show respect and takes the third person verb, धृतराष्ट्रः – धृतं राष्ट्र येन सः – बहुव्रीहि समास The word धृतराष्ट्र means a good king, अनार्यशतस्य – आर्याणां शतम्, आर्यशतम्, षष्ठी तत्पुरुष समास, न आर्यशतम्, नार्यशतम्, तस्य – नञ् तत्पुरुष समास, उत्पादयिता – producing, उपसृत्य – going near, approaching, पितामह – grandfather, इत्य|क्ते – इति + अर्थोक्ते; when half was said, अक्रमः – न क्रमः – नञ् तत्पुरुषः not the right order, युधिष्ठिरादयश्चः – युधिष्ठिरः आदी येषां ते – बहुव्रीहि समास and युधिष्ठिर, मे गुरवः – my elder, भवन्तम् – to you, अभिवादयन्ति - they bow down, पश्चात् – after, अभिवादये – I am saluting the verb of the object, एहि एहि पुत्र – come son, come.

संस्कृतम् – घटोत्कचः अहो कल्याणः खलु अत्रभवान्। कल्याणानां प्रसूति पितामहमाह भगवान् चक्रायुधः। धृतराष्ट्रः – (आसनात् उत्थाय) किमाज्ञापयति भगवान् चक्रायुधः। घटोत्कचः – न न न। आसनस्थेन एव भवता श्रोतव्यो जनार्दनस्य सन्देशः। धृतराष्ट्रः – यदाज्ञापयति भगवान् चक्रायुधः। (उपशिति)।