Read and download CBSE Class 11 Engineering Graphics Orthographic Projection in NCERT book for Class 11 Other Subjects. You can download latest NCERT eBooks chapter wise in PDF format free from Studiestoday.com. This Other Subjects textbook for Class 11 is designed by NCERT and is very useful for students. Please also refer to the NCERT solutions for Class 11 Other Subjects to understand the answers of the exercise questions given at the end of this chapter
NCERT Book for Class 11 Other Subjects Orthographic Projection
Class 11 Other Subjects students should refer to the following NCERT Book Orthographic Projection in Class 11. This NCERT Book for Class 11 Other Subjects will be very useful for exams and help you to score good marks
Orthographic Projection NCERT Book Class 11
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION
4.1 INTRODUCTION
We, the human beings are gifted with power to think. The thoughts are to be shared. You will appreciate that different ways and means are available to us. Can you name some? We communicate by signs/gestures/body language/talking/singing and dancing etc. In order to explain our ideas/thoughts both the listener and speaker must understand the language spoken. All our ideas originate in our mind, some are creative/innovative.
What is being imagined in our mind is to be given a reality. In Engineering, we notice that all the objects around us are three dimensional solids. This is to be explained in two dimensions i.e. on the paper/a drawing sheet. We employ a unique method to achieve this. This is called as orthographic method of projection. This method has certain rules which are universal. This method employs the drawing consisting of straight lines, rectilinear figures, arcs and circles. Such a skill can be easily acquired. This is essential, as the Engineering Graphics is for masses.
An object is represented by drawing the boundaries of all the surfaces of the object. The boundary of a surface may be made up of straight lines or curved lines or both. As each curved or straight line is made up of a number of points, the theory of orthographicprojection is logically started with the projection of points. Then we study about projection of lines, planes and solids. In this unit, we aim to introduce some basic concepts of solid geometry. To begin the solid geometry, let us first understand the solids in detail.
4.1.1 INTRODUCTION TO SOLIDS
Whenever we look around, we see many objects which are three dimensional like cube (dice), cuboid (match box, lunch box, notebook etc.), prism (packaging box), cylinders (water bottle, gas cylinder etc.), cone (softy, tent etc.) sphere (ball). Let us now study about these solids and its projections.
4.1.1.1 SOLIDS
A solid is a three dimensional object, i.e. it has three dimensions, viz; length, breadth and height or thickness. It is bounded by plane or curved surfaces. Atleast 2 orthographic views are required to represent a solid on a flat surface. Sometimes, additional views become necessary to describe a solid completely.
The solids under study can be divided into 2 main groups viz;
1. POLYHEDRA – solids bounded by plane surfaces such as prisms, pyramids Fig. 4.1, 4.2
2. SOLIDS OF REVOLUTION – solids formed by revolution of linear figures such as cylinder, cone and sphere Fig. 4.5. NOTE : In our study, only right regular solids are discussed. Such solids have their axis perpendicular totheir base.
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Other Subjects NCERT Book Class 11 Orthographic Projection
The above NCERT Books for Class 11 Other Subjects Orthographic Projection have been published by NCERT for latest academic session. The textbook by NCERT for Orthographic Projection Other Subjects Class 11 is being used by various schools and almost all education boards in India. Teachers have always recommended students to refer to Orthographic Projection NCERT etextbooks as the exams for Class 11 Other Subjects are always asked as per the syllabus defined in these ebooks. These Class 11 Orthographic Projection book for Other Subjects also includes collection of question. We have also provided NCERT solutions for Class 11 Other Subjects which have been developed by teachers of StudiesToday.com after thorough review of the latest book and based on pattern of questions in upcoming exams for Class 11 students.
NCERT Book Class 11 Other Subjects Orthographic Projection
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Orthographic Projection NCERT Book Class 11 Other Subjects
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Class 11 Orthographic Projection NCERT Book Other Subjects
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