CBSE Class 8 Science Chapter 05 Exploring Forces MCQs Set 02

Practice MCQs for Class 8 Science Chapter 05 Exploring Forces

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Question: When Sonali and Ragini rode their bicycles down the hillside without pedalling, they felt the bicycles moving faster and faster. Based on the chapter's discussion of forces, which statement best explains why the bicycles accelerated downward on their own?
A. Friction from the road surface pushed the bicycles forward
B. The Earth's gravitational force pulled the bicycles toward the ground
C. The muscular force in their legs continued to act on the pedals
D. Magnetic forces from the Earth's core attracted the metal components of the bicycles
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) The Earth's gravitational force pulled the bicycles toward the ground

Explanation:
The chapter defines gravitational force as the force with which the Earth attracts objects toward itself. Since Sonali and Ragini were not pedalling, no muscular force was being applied; instead, gravity acting downward along the slope caused the bicycles to accelerate.

Question: In Activity 5.6, when a plastic scale is rubbed vigorously with polythene and then brought near small paper pieces without touching them, the paper pieces stick to the scale. What type of force is responsible for this attraction?
A. Muscular force from the hand holding the scale
B. Magnetic force between the scale and the paper
C. Electrostatic force due to static charges on the scale
D. Frictional force between the scale and the air
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (C) Electrostatic force due to static charges on the scale

Explanation:
When two materials are rubbed together, electrical charges build up on their surfaces. The rubbed scale becomes charged and exerts an electrostatic force on the uncharged paper pieces, pulling them toward it even without physical contact.

Question: In Activity 5.3, when an object is gently pushed across a table or floor, it eventually stops sliding even though no one is actively stopping it. Which force is responsible for bringing the object to a halt?
A. Gravitational force pulling the object downward
B. Muscular force from the initial push diminishing
C. Friction acting opposite to the direction of motion
D. Electrostatic force between the object and the table surface
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (C) Friction acting opposite to the direction of motion

Explanation:
Friction arises due to irregularities in the surfaces in contact and acts in a direction opposite to the object's motion, gradually slowing it down until it comes to rest.

Question: When two balloons are rubbed with a woollen cloth and then brought near each other, they move away from one another. What does this repulsion indicate about the electrical charges on the two balloons?
A. One balloon has positive charge and the other has negative charge
B. Both balloons have acquired the same type of electrical charge
C. The balloons have lost all electrical charge after repelling
D. The woollen cloth transferred different charges to each balloon
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Both balloons have acquired the same type of electrical charge

Explanation:
• The balloons were rubbed in the same way
• The chapter states that similar (like) charges repel each other
• Since both balloons repel each other, they must have acquired similar charges

Question: A spring balance typically displays two scales: one marked in newtons (N) and another marked in grams (g). Why are these two different units present on the same instrument?
A. Newtons measure weight while grams measure mass, and the balance can determine both
B. The newton scale is for use on Earth while the gram scale is for use on the Moon
C. Grams and newtons are equivalent units for measuring force
D. The gram scale measures the size of the object while the newton scale measures its density
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) Newtons measure weight while grams measure mass, and the balance can determine both

Explanation:
Weight is measured in newtons (a unit of force), while mass is measured in grams. Since weight and mass are related through gravitational force, a spring balance can show both measurements on its two scales, assuming use on Earth.

Question: According to the chapter's explanation of Archimedes' Principle, under what condition will an object float in a liquid?
A. When the object's weight is greater than the weight of the liquid it displaces
B. When the weight of the liquid displaced equals the weight of the object
C. When the object has a density greater than the density of the liquid
D. When the buoyant force is less than the gravitational force
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) When the weight of the liquid displaced equals the weight of the object

Explanation:
Archimedes' Principle states that when an object is immersed in a liquid, it experiences an upward force equal to the weight of the liquid it displaces. The object floats when this upward buoyant force equals the object's weight.

Question: In the chapter's discussion of friction in Activity 5.4, objects are pushed across different surfaces—glass, cloth, wood, ceramic tile, and sand. What is the primary reason the object stops at different distances on each surface?
A. The gravitational force varies depending on the surface material
B. The nature of each surface affects the amount of friction produced
C. Different surfaces have different magnetic properties that slow objects
D. The mass of the object changes slightly on different surfaces
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) The nature of each surface affects the amount of friction produced

Explanation:
The chapter explicitly states that friction depends on the nature of the surfaces in contact. Rough surfaces have greater irregularities that lock together more, producing greater friction, while smooth surfaces produce less friction.

Question: A charged balloon that was rubbed with a woollen cloth is brought near the same woollen cloth. What happens, and what does this tell us about the charges?
A. They repel because they have the same charge
B. They attract because they have opposite charges
C. No force acts between them because the cloth is not charged
D. They repel because the cloth loses its charge over time
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) They attract because they have opposite charges

Explanation:
When an object is rubbed to charge it, both the rubbed object and the rubbing material acquire opposite kinds of charges. The chapter explains that opposite (unlike) charges attract each other, so the balloon and cloth move toward each other.

Question: A 1 kg object weighs 10 N on Earth but only 1.6 N on the Moon. Which of the following best explains this difference?
A. The object's mass changes on the Moon
B. The Moon's gravitational force is weaker than Earth's
C. The definition of a newton is different on the Moon
D. Objects experience less friction on the Moon's surface
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) The Moon's gravitational force is weaker than Earth's

Explanation:
Weight is the force with which a celestial body pulls an object toward itself. Since the Moon's gravitational force is much weaker than Earth's, an object experiences less gravitational pull on the Moon, resulting in lower weight despite having the same mass.

Question: In Activity 5.13, when an empty bottle with a sealed lid is pushed underwater and then released, it bounces back upward. What force causes this upward motion?
A. Gravitational force pushing the bottle upward
B. Friction between the bottle and the water
C. The muscular force of the person who released the bottle
D. Buoyant force exerted by the water on the bottle
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (D) Buoyant force exerted by the water on the bottle

Explanation:
The chapter defines buoyant force (or upthrust) as the upward force applied by a liquid on an object. When the sealed bottle is held underwater, the water exerts an upward buoyant force greater than the bottle's weight, causing it to move upward when released.

Question: According to the chapter, muscular force is used by animals, birds, fish, and insects for movement and survival. What happens inside living organisms when they use muscular force?
A. Blood flow increases and creates pressure
B. Muscles contract and elongate to produce the force
C. Bones slide against each other creating friction
D. Electrical charges build up in the muscle tissues
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Muscles contract and elongate to produce the force

Explanation:
The chapter explicitly states that muscular force occurs when muscles contract and elongate while doing any activity. This contraction and elongation of muscles is what produces muscular force in living beings.

Question: When an object is thrown vertically upward, its speed decreases while moving up, becomes zero momentarily at the top, and then increases while moving downward. Which force is responsible for both the decrease in upward speed and the increase in downward speed?
A. Muscular force from the initial throw gradually weakens
B. Friction from the air constantly opposes motion
C. Gravitational force acts continuously downward on the object
D. Electrostatic force between the object and the Earth
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (C) Gravitational force acts continuously downward on the object

Explanation:
The chapter describes vertical motion as motion under the influence of gravitational force. Gravity continuously pulls the object downward throughout its flight—slowing it on the way up and accelerating it on the way down.

Question: The chapter mentions that even smooth surfaces that appear smooth to the naked eye actually have numerous tiny irregularities. How do these irregularities contribute to friction?
A. They increase the surface area exposed to air resistance
B. The irregularities on two surfaces lock into each other and oppose relative motion
C. They cause the surfaces to generate heat which slows movement
D. They attract opposite electrical charges that create repulsive forces
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) The irregularities on two surfaces lock into each other and oppose relative motion

Explanation:
When two surfaces are placed in contact, the minute irregularities (roughnesses) of one surface fit into the irregularities of the other, creating an interlocking effect that opposes attempts to move one surface over the other.

Question: A force is defined in the chapter as "a push or pull on an object resulting from the object's interaction with another object." Based on this definition, which scenario demonstrates the essential requirement for a force to exist?
A. An isolated object sitting at rest on a table with no other objects nearby
B. A book resting on a table where the table and Earth are interacting with the book
C. A person thinking about moving an object without actually moving it
D. A rock lying undisturbed in outer space far from any other objects
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) A book resting on a table where the table and Earth are interacting with the book

Explanation:
The chapter emphasizes that forces result from interactions between two or more objects. In option B, the table and Earth interact with the book, producing forces (normal force from table, gravitational force from Earth), even though the book appears static. Other options lack the required interaction between objects.

Question: When objects of different materials are placed in water and dip to different depths, what does this variation in depth reveal about the relationship between the objects' weights and the buoyant forces acting on them?
A. Objects that dip deeper have greater weight than the buoyant force
B. All objects experience identical buoyant forces regardless of their material
C. Objects that float highest have the least weight
D. The buoyant force depends only on the size of the object, not its material
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) Objects that dip deeper have greater weight than the buoyant force

Explanation:
An object that dips to a greater depth must displace more water to achieve equilibrium between gravitational force (weight) and buoyant force. If an object dips deeper, it indicates its weight is greater relative to the buoyant force available at that shallower depth, so it sinks further to find the balance point.

Question: In the opening scenario with Sonali and Ragini cycling downhill, when they noticed the bicycles moving faster without pedalling, which type of force was pulling them down the slope?
A. Muscular force applied through the pedals
B. Gravitational force exerted by the Earth
C. Frictional force between the tyres and road
D. Magnetic force from the Earth's magnetic field
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Gravitational force exerted by the Earth

Explanation:
The chapter explicitly states that objects thrown upward or dropped fall back to the Earth due to gravitational force. When bicycles descend a slope without pedalling and accelerate, it is the gravitational force pulling them downward that causes this motion.

Question: When a plastic scale is rubbed with polythene and brought near paper pieces without physical contact, why do the pieces stick to the scale?
A. The scale becomes magnetic due to rubbing
B. Static electrical charges build up on both surfaces, and the charged scale attracts the paper
C. Friction between the materials creates an adhesive effect
D. The polythene transfers muscular energy to the scale
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Static electrical charges build up on both surfaces, and the charged scale attracts the paper

Explanation:
Activity 5.6 demonstrates that rubbing builds static charges on the scale's surface. The chapter explains that a charged object attracts uncharged objects made of certain materials through electrostatic force, which is a non-contact force acting at a distance.

Question: In Activity 5.3, when an object slides across a table and stops without anyone pushing it back, which force brings it to rest?
A. Gravitational force pulling it downward
B. Electrostatic force from the table surface
C. Friction arising from irregularities between the surfaces in contact
D. Magnetic force in the table material
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (C) Friction arising from irregularities between the surfaces in contact

Explanation:
The chapter explains that friction arises when an object moves over a surface due to irregularities in both surfaces locking into each other. Friction always opposes the direction of motion, so it is responsible for slowing and stopping the sliding object.

Question: When two balloons are rubbed with a woollen cloth and brought close to each other, they move away from one another. What does this repulsion indicate?
A. Both balloons have lost their charge during the experiment
B. The balloons have acquired similar (like) electrical charges
C. The woollen cloth has transferred muscular energy to the balloons
D. Friction between the balloons is preventing them from touching
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) The balloons have acquired similar (like) electrical charges

Explanation:
• Activity 5.7 shows that similarly charged balloons repel each other
• The chapter states that similar (like) charges repel
• Both balloons were charged in the same way, so they acquired the same type of charge
• This repulsive interaction demonstrates the principle that like charges push away from each other.

Question: A spring balance displays weight values in newtons on one scale and mass values in grams on another. Why does the same instrument show both measurements?
A. Because newtons and grams are equivalent units for measuring force
B. The chapter assumes the balance will be used on Earth where the relationship between weight and mass is nearly constant
C. Different materials require different measurement scales
D. The grams scale is only for measuring liquids while newtons measure solids
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) The chapter assumes the balance will be used on Earth where the relationship between weight and mass is nearly constant

Explanation:
The chapter's section 'A step further' explains that the mass scale is marked with the assumption that the balance is used on Earth with the Earth's gravitational force. Since weight depends on gravitational force which is nearly constant on Earth, mass can be roughly determined from weight measurements on our planet.

Question: According to the chapter's discussion of Archimedes' Principle, an object will float in water when which condition is met?
A. The weight of water displaced is greater than the object's weight
B. The object's volume equals the volume of water in the container
C. The weight of water displaced equals the object's weight
D. The object's material is less dense than air
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (C) The weight of water displaced equals the object's weight

Explanation:
The 'A step further' box on Archimedes' Principle states that if the weight of the liquid displaced equals the weight of the object, the object will float. This is the equilibrium condition where the buoyant force exactly balances the gravitational force.

Question: In Activity 5.4, when the same object is pushed across different surfaces (glass, cloth, wood, ceramic tile, and sand), it stops at different distances on each. What is the fundamental reason for these varying distances?
A. Different surfaces have different gravitational forces acting on the object
B. The nature and roughness of each surface produce different amounts of friction
C. Different materials have different magnetic properties that affect the object
D. The object loses different amounts of mass depending on the surface
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) The nature and roughness of each surface produce different amounts of friction

Explanation:
The chapter concludes that friction depends upon the nature of surfaces in contact and that friction is greater on rough surfaces. Since different surfaces have different degrees of roughness and different types of irregularities, they produce different frictional forces, causing the object to stop at different distances.

Question: When a charged balloon rubbed with a woollen cloth is brought near the same piece of woollen cloth, what happens and what does this reveal?
A. The balloon and cloth repel each other, showing they have the same charge
B. The balloon and cloth attract each other, showing they have opposite charges
C. No force acts between them because both were part of the same rubbing action
D. They remain stationary because friction balances the electrical force
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) The balloon and cloth attract each other, showing they have opposite charges

Explanation:
Activity 5.7 demonstrates that when the rubbed balloon approaches the woollen cloth used to charge it, they attract each other. The chapter explains that the rubbing object and the rubbed object acquire opposite kinds of charges, and opposite (unlike) charges attract. This attraction shows they have opposite charges.

Question: A 1 kg object weighs 10 N on Earth but only 1.6 N on the Moon. Which factor is primarily responsible for this weight difference?
A. The object loses some of its mass when transported to the Moon
B. The gravitational force exerted by the Moon is much weaker than Earth's gravitational force
C. The Moon's surface is smoother than Earth's surface, reducing friction
D. The object's material composition changes due to exposure to space
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) The gravitational force exerted by the Moon is much weaker than Earth's gravitational force

Explanation:
The chapter's table comparing weights on different celestial bodies shows that while mass remains constant at 1 kg everywhere, weight varies dramatically because gravitational force differs. The Moon exerts a much weaker gravitational force than Earth, resulting in a lower weight for the same object.

Question: When an empty bottle with a tightly closed lid is pushed underwater in a bucket of water and then released, it bounces back to the surface. Which force is responsible for this upward movement?
A. Muscular force from whoever released the bottle
B. Gravitational force pulling the bottle upward
C. Friction between the bottle surface and the water
D. Buoyant force (upthrust) exerted by the water on the bottle
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (D) Buoyant force (upthrust) exerted by the water on the bottle

Explanation:
Activity 5.13 describes exactly this situation and explains that water applies an upward force on the bottle called upthrust or buoyant force. The bottle bounces up because this upward buoyant force overcomes the downward gravitational force, allowing the bottle to return to the surface.

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