CBSE Class 8 Science Chapter 03 Health The Ultimate Treasure MCQs Set 03

Science Objective Questions and Answers: Chapter 03 Health The Ultimate Treasure

Explore reliable objective questions for Chapter 03 Health The Ultimate Treasure tailored for Class 8 learners. Utilizing these Science multiple-choice formats ensures thorough preparation and strengthens problem-solving speed for upcoming school assessments.

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Access the complete set of multiple-choice questions for Chapter 03 Health The Ultimate Treasure below. This focused format allows students to isolate specific topics for thorough review and uninterrupted practice alongside official CBSE textbooks.

Question: According to the chapter, which combination of factors is most commonly associated with the development of diabetes as a non-communicable disease?
A. genetics alone without any lifestyle influence
B. hormonal imbalances, unhealthy eating habits, lack of physical activity, and being overweight or obese
C. exposure to contaminated water and poor sanitation
D. inheritance from family members who have already been vaccinated
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) hormonal imbalances, unhealthy eating habits, lack of physical activity, and being overweight or obese

Explanation:
The chapter explicitly states that diabetes 'often develops due to a combination of hormonal imbalances, unhealthy eating habits, lack of physical activity, being overweight or obese, and other reasons.' This indicates multiple lifestyle and physiological factors working together rather than a single cause.

Question: What central idea does the case of the lonely Grade 8 student in Activity 3.1 demonstrate about what constitutes true health?
A. physical fitness alone is sufficient to maintain good health
B. health requires physical, mental, and social well-being working together
C. mental health problems can be solved only through medication
D. social isolation has no significant impact on physical health
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) health requires physical, mental, and social well-being working together

Explanation:
The student experienced poor physical symptoms (weight loss, sleeplessness, headaches) and psychological distress despite having no obvious infection. Recovery required both reduced screen time and social connection through counselling and friendship, illustrating that health encompasses physical, mental, and social dimensions as WHO defines it.

Question: In the context of disease transmission, insects like mosquitoes and houseflies are given a specific scientific term in the chapter. What is this term?
A. pathogens
B. vectors
C. antibodies
D. parasites
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) vectors

Explanation:
The chapter clearly states in section 3.4.1: 'Some pathogens are also spread by insects like mosquitos and houseflies—these insects are called vectors.' Vectors are organisms that transmit infectious agents from one host to another, whereas pathogens are the disease-causing organisms themselves.

Question: Based on the chapter's description of Edward Jenner's discovery process, which observation formed the foundation for his hypothesis about vaccination?
A. he noticed that cows never got sick from any disease
B. he observed that milkmaids who had cowpox did not contract smallpox
C. he found that smallpox was becoming less common over time
D. he documented that cowpox was more deadly than smallpox
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) he observed that milkmaids who had cowpox did not contract smallpox

Explanation:
The 'Think like a scientist' section specifically states under Observations: 'Jenner observed that milkmaids who had cowpox did not catch smallpox, likely because the two viruses are related.' This real-world observation prompted his hypothesis that cowpox material could protect against smallpox.

Question: Why does the chapter indicate that antibiotics would be ineffective if taken for a viral infection such as influenza?
A. viruses reproduce too quickly for any medicine to stop them
B. antibiotics target specific structures in bacterial cells that viruses do not possess
C. viruses mutate immediately upon exposure to antibiotics
D. the immune system attacks antibiotics before they can reach viruses
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) antibiotics target specific structures in bacterial cells that viruses do not possess

Explanation:
Section 3.5.1 explains: 'Antibiotics work only against bacterial infections because they target parts of bacterial cells that are different from human or other animal cells. They do not work against viruses.' The structural differences between bacterial and viral cells mean antibiotics cannot damage viral structures.

Question: What does the Ayurvedic concept of dinacharya and ritucharya aim to achieve according to the chapter's 'Our scientific heritage' section?
A. to cure diseases that have already developed
B. to maintain balance of body, mind, and surroundings through daily and seasonal routines
C. to replace modern medical treatment entirely
D. to increase physical strength beyond normal human capacity
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) to maintain balance of body, mind, and surroundings through daily and seasonal routines

Explanation:
The chapter states: 'Following dinacharya (daily routine) and ritucharya (seasonal routine) helps maintain this balance' in reference to Ayurveda's teaching that 'true health is a balance of body, mind, and surroundings.' These practices are preventive and holistic rather than curative.

Question: According to the information provided in the chapter about India's role in vaccine production, what global impact did Indian vaccine companies have during the COVID-19 pandemic?
A. they developed the first COVID-19 vaccine worldwide
B. they played a key role in producing and supplying vaccines to many countries
C. they prevented the spread of COVID-19 within India only
D. they provided only limited support to neighbouring countries
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) they played a key role in producing and supplying vaccines to many countries

Explanation:
The 'Ever heard of' section explicitly states: 'Indian vaccine companies played a key role during the COVID-19 pandemic and continue to support global health efforts.' This demonstrates India's capacity for large-scale vaccine manufacturing and distribution on a global scale.

Question: In the community-led sanitation campaign described in Activity 3.6, how did improved sanitation lead to better health outcomes?
A. • vaccination programs were introduced simultaneously • reduced open defecation decreased contamination of drinking water • fewer diarrheal infections and other water-borne illnesses resulted
B. better drainage systems eliminated all mosquitoes permanently
C. people moved to cleaner neighborhoods away from their original homes
D. the campaign provided free antibiotics to all residents
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) • vaccination programs were introduced simultaneously • reduced open defecation decreased contamination of drinking water • fewer diarrheal infections and other water-borne illnesses resulted

Explanation:
Building and using toilets reduced open defecation, which prevented contamination of water sources and soil, thereby breaking the transmission chain for water and food-borne communicable diseases. The chapter notes this 'reduced open defecation significantly, and improved child health, with fewer cases of diarrhoea and infections.'

Question: What distinction does the chapter make between how non-communicable diseases are treated compared to communicable diseases?
A. non-communicable diseases are always curable while communicable diseases are not
B. treatment of non-communicable diseases focuses on managing symptoms and lifestyle changes rather than eliminating a pathogen
C. vaccines work equally well for both types of diseases
D. antibiotics can treat both communicable and non-communicable diseases equally effectively
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) treatment of non-communicable diseases focuses on managing symptoms and lifestyle changes rather than eliminating a pathogen

Explanation:
Section 3.5.1 states: 'Therapies for non-communicable diseases focus on managing symptoms and improving quality of life through medication, lifestyle changes, and rehabilitation.' Unlike communicable diseases where the goal is to eliminate the pathogen, NCDs require long-term symptom management since they result from lifestyle and environmental factors rather than infectious agents.

Question: According to the chapter, what is the primary reason that some people contract diseases more frequently than others living in similar environments?
A. genetics determine disease susceptibility completely
B. the natural ability of the body to fight diseases, known as immunity, varies among individuals
C. poor neighborhoods always have more disease regardless of immunity
D. children are naturally immune to all common diseases
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) the natural ability of the body to fight diseases, known as immunity, varies among individuals

Explanation:
The chapter explains in section 3.5: 'The natural ability of our body to fight diseases is known as immunity... You would have noticed that some people get sick more frequently than others, although living in a similar environment. Do you know why?' This acknowledges the variation in individual immune capacity despite similar environments.

Question: Based on the traditional Indian practice of variolation described in the chapter's 'Our scientific heritage' section, how did this practice compare to modern vaccination in its underlying principle?
A. variolation used the same weakened pathogens as modern vaccines
B. variolation exposed people to a mild form of infection to build immunity, similar to how vaccines train the immune system
C. variolation was entirely different and did not work at all
D. variolation could cure diseases after they had already developed
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) variolation exposed people to a mild form of infection to build immunity, similar to how vaccines train the immune system

Explanation:
The chapter notes that variolation 'involved using material from a smallpox sore to scratch the skin and create a mild infection and build immunity,' which parallels modern vaccination's principle of training the immune system through controlled exposure. Both methods build acquired immunity without causing full disease.

Question: What does the chapter suggest about the relationship between emotional well-being and physical health when discussing the importance of social connections?
A. emotions have no effect on physical symptoms or disease
B. even with good nutrition and clean living conditions, loneliness or stress can prevent feeling healthy
C. only emotions matter; physical conditions are unimportant
D. social relationships cannot improve physical health outcomes
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) even with good nutrition and clean living conditions, loneliness or stress can prevent feeling healthy

Explanation:
Section 3.2.2 states: 'But health is not only about the body. Our feelings and relationships matter too. Even if we eat well and live in a clean place, we may not feel good if we are lonely or upset. Spending time with friends and family, talking, laughing, and having fun help keep our minds healthy too.' This shows the interconnection between emotional and physical health.

Question: In the chapter's infographic about antibiotic resistance (Fig. 3.5b), at what point in the sequence does resistance first develop according to the explanation provided?
A. resistance occurs only after bacteria have been exposed to multiple antibiotics
B. a few bacteria naturally develop resistance to antibiotics even during the first exposure
C. resistance develops only in hospitals after prolonged treatment
D. bacteria cannot develop resistance to antibiotics under any circumstances
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) a few bacteria naturally develop resistance to antibiotics even during the first exposure

Explanation:
The figure shows in the circular process that 'Few bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics' as the first step, followed by 'When antibiotics kill bacteria causing illness, they also kill good bacteria protecting the body from infection' and then 'The antibiotic resistant bacteria grow and take over.' This demonstrates that resistance begins at the individual bacterial level.

Question: According to the chapter, what is the key difference between how deficiency diseases like scurvy and goitre are caused compared to communicable diseases?
A. deficiency diseases are caused by pathogens that can spread person-to-person
B. deficiency diseases result from lacking specific nutrients in the diet rather than from pathogenic infection
C. goitre and scurvy are communicable diseases transmitted through water
D. deficiency diseases are more contagious than any communicable disease
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) deficiency diseases result from lacking specific nutrients in the diet rather than from pathogenic infection

Explanation:
Section 3.4.2 explains: 'These are called deficiency diseases and are also non-communicable' when discussing diseases like 'scurvy, anaemia, and goitre, which are caused by a lack of specific nutrients in the diet.' This contrasts sharply with communicable diseases caused by pathogens that spread between people.

Question: What can be inferred from the chapter's description of the two playgrounds in Activity 3.3 regarding the relationship between environmental conditions and health?
A. a polluted environment has no measurable impact on health outcomes
B. clean, well-maintained surroundings reduce disease transmission while polluted areas increase illness frequency
C. only genetics determines health regardless of environmental quality
D. playground design is irrelevant to community health
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) clean, well-maintained surroundings reduce disease transmission while polluted areas increase illness frequency

Explanation:
The chapter notes that the polluted playground in Fig. 3.3b is 'full of flies and mosquitos' and 'People living in such areas may fall sick more often,' while the clean playground is preferable. This demonstrates a direct causal link between environmental cleanliness and reduced disease transmission, supporting the importance of keeping surroundings clean for health.

Question: According to the chapter, which of the following best explains why the Grade 8 student in Activity 3.1 experienced physical symptoms like headaches and weight loss?
A. His symptoms were caused by a bacterial infection he contracted at school
B. His lack of social connections and increased screen time affected his mental health, which in turn impacted his physical well-being
C. He was exposed to air pollution in his new city that directly caused respiratory problems
D. His symptoms developed because he was not eating a balanced diet or exercising regularly
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) His lack of social connections and increased screen time affected his mental health, which in turn impacted his physical well-being

Explanation:
The chapter describes how the student felt lonely with no friends, spent excessive time on his phone and social media, and subsequently developed headaches, lost weight, and had sleep problems. The doctor's advice to reduce screen time and see a counselor, combined with help making friends, led to improvement. This demonstrates how mental and social factors directly influence physical health outcomes.

Question: In the chapter's discussion of communicable diseases, pathogens can enter the body through multiple routes. Which of the following is explicitly mentioned as a pathway for pathogen entry?
A. Through insect bites only
B. By consuming contaminated food or water, and through the air we breathe
C. Only through direct contact with infected individuals
D. Exclusively through wounds in the skin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) By consuming contaminated food or water, and through the air we breathe

Explanation:
Section 3.4.1 states that 'pathogens can enter our body through the air we breathe or by consuming contaminated food or water and more,' establishing these as primary routes of entry.

Question: When the chapter explains how vaccines function, it describes them as helping the immune system recognize and attack harmful germs. Which term does the chapter use to describe the protection developed after exposure to a pathogen or vaccine?
A. Natural immunity
B. Acquired immunity
C. Permanent immunity
D. Passive immunity
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Acquired immunity

Explanation:
The chapter explicitly states that a vaccine provides 'acquired immunity—protection developed after exposure to a pathogen or a vaccine.' This is the specific terminology used in section 3.5 when discussing how vaccines train the immune system.

Question: The chapter's discussion of antibiotic resistance includes an important distinction about when resistance develops. According to the infographic in Fig. 3.5b, resistance first emerges in bacteria when what occurs?
A. A person takes antibiotics that are not prescribed by a doctor
B. Antibiotics kill bacteria causing illness but also eliminate good bacteria protecting the body
C. Someone refuses to take any antibiotics despite having a serious infection
D. A patient completes a full course of antibiotics as directed
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Antibiotics kill bacteria causing illness but also eliminate good bacteria protecting the body

Explanation:
• Fig. 3.5b shows that when antibiotics kill bacteria causing illness, they simultaneously kill good bacteria protecting the body
• This allows antibiotic-resistant bacteria to grow and take over
• The diagram illustrates this as the critical moment when resistance begins to develop in the bacterial population

Question: According to the chapter's description of disease transmission in Fig. 3.4, insects such as mosquitoes and houseflies are given a specific scientific term. What is this term?
A. Pathogens
B. Vectors
C. Communicable agents
D. Disease carriers
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Vectors

Explanation:
The chapter explicitly states in section 3.4.1 that 'some pathogens are also spread by insects like mosquitos and houseflies—these insects are called vectors.' This technical term distinguishes insect transmitters from other disease-spreading mechanisms.

Question: The chapter contrasts two playgrounds in Activity 3.3. What specific environmental condition mentioned in the polluted playground would most directly cause breathing difficulties according to the chapter's discussion of air quality?
A. The presence of insects and flies
B. Smoke and dust in the air from pollution
C. The lack of maintenance and cleanliness
D. The absence of trees and vegetation
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Smoke and dust in the air from pollution

Explanation:
In section 3.2.2, the chapter asks 'Have you ever found it hard to breathe in a place with a lot of smoke or dust?' and explains that 'clean air and water are important for our health.' The text specifically identifies smoke and dust as causing breathing difficulties and mentions air pollution from vehicles and factories causing problems like coughing or asthma.

Question: The chapter describes Edward Jenner's discovery of the first vaccine through a scientific process involving observations and hypothesis testing. Which observation formed the critical foundation for his hypothesis?
A. He observed that people who recovered from smallpox could never catch it again
B. He noticed that milkmaids who had cowpox did not get smallpox, likely because the two viruses are related
C. He found that weakened forms of smallpox could protect against the full disease
D. He discovered that vaccination was widely practiced in ancient India and decided to study it
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) He noticed that milkmaids who had cowpox did not get smallpox, likely because the two viruses are related

Explanation:
The 'Observations' section of the 'Think like a scientist' box clearly states: 'Jenner observed that milkmaids who had cowpox did not catch smallpox, likely because the two viruses are related.' This observation directly led to his hypothesis that cowpox content could protect people from smallpox.

Question: The chapter explains that India has a traditional method of protection against smallpox that predated modern vaccines. What was this practice called, and who performed it?
A. Variolation, performed by doctors called physicians
B. Variolation, performed by practitioners known as teekedaars
C. Inoculation, performed by traditional healers called vaidyas
D. Vaccination, performed by government health workers
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Variolation, performed by practitioners known as teekedaars

Explanation:
In the 'Our scientific heritage' section, the chapter states: 'Long before modern vaccines, India had a traditional method called variolation to protect against smallpox...People who performed this practice were known as teekedaars.'

Question: The chapter discusses how non-communicable diseases like diabetes develop and mentions multiple contributing factors. Which combination of factors is presented in the chapter as most commonly associated with diabetes development?
A. Poor hygiene and exposure to pathogens
B. Hormonal imbalances, unhealthy eating habits, lack of physical activity, and being overweight or obese
C. Excessive screen time and social isolation alone
D. Genetic factors inherited exclusively from parents
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Hormonal imbalances, unhealthy eating habits, lack of physical activity, and being overweight or obese

Explanation:
Section 3.4.2 explicitly states: 'It often develops due to a combination of hormonal imbalances, unhealthy eating habits, lack of physical activity, being overweight or obese, and other reasons.' This comprehensive list identifies the interconnected lifestyle and physiological factors that contribute to diabetes.

Question: According to the chapter, what is the primary mechanism by which vectors like mosquitoes and houseflies transmit diseases to humans?
A. They directly transfer bacteria and viruses through their bite wounds into the bloodstream
B. They carry pathogenic organisms on their bodies and deposit them when they land on skin or food
C. They introduce weakened versions of pathogens that help build immunity
D. They produce toxins that weaken the immune system before infection occurs
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) They carry pathogenic organisms on their bodies and deposit them when they land on skin or food

Explanation:
The chapter identifies insects like mosquitoes and houseflies as vectors that spread certain communicable diseases. Fig. 3.4 shows how these vectors transmit diseases from infected to healthy persons, indicating they are carriers that facilitate disease transmission through their contact with people and food.

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