CBSE Class 8 Science Chapter 03 Health The Ultimate Treasure MCQs Set 02

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for Class 8 Science: Chapter 03 Health The Ultimate Treasure

Explore reliable objective questions for Chapter 03 Health The Ultimate Treasure tailored for Class 8 learners. Utilizing these Science multiple-choice formats ensures thorough preparation and strengthens problem-solving speed for upcoming school assessments.

Practice Chapter 03 Health The Ultimate Treasure MCQs for Class 8 Science

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Question: According to the chapter, which of the following best describes what distinguishes a communicable disease from a non-communicable disease?
A. Communicable diseases last longer, while non-communicable diseases are always short-term
B. Communicable diseases spread from person to person through pathogens, while non-communicable diseases result from lifestyle and environment
C. Communicable diseases affect only the mind, while non-communicable diseases affect only the body
D. Communicable diseases cannot be prevented, while non-communicable diseases can always be cured with antibiotics
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Communicable diseases spread from person to person through pathogens, while non-communicable diseases result from lifestyle and environment

Explanation:
The chapter explicitly defines communicable diseases as those caused by pathogens that spread between people, whereas non-communicable diseases like diabetes, cancer, and asthma are linked to lifestyle, diet, and environmental factors rather than infectious agents.

Question: In Activity 3.1, the student's health problems developed primarily because of social isolation and increased screen time. What does this case suggest about the components needed for complete health?
A. Physical fitness alone is sufficient for health
B. Mental and social well-being are as important as physical health
C. Screen time is beneficial as long as it does not cause physical pain
D. Only professional medical treatment can improve health in such situations
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Answer: (B) Mental and social well-being are as important as physical health

Explanation:
The case demonstrates that despite having no obvious physical illness, the student's loneliness and excessive screen use harmed his overall well-being—illustrating that mental and social dimensions are essential components of health alongside physical fitness.

Question: The chapter lists several practices from Ayurveda that support health. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as part of Ayurvedic recommendations for maintaining balance?
A. Following a daily routine suited to one's body constitution
B. Eating fresh food appropriate to one's prakriti
C. Practicing yoga and meditation
D. Taking large amounts of supplements and vitamins daily
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (D) Taking large amounts of supplements and vitamins daily

Explanation:
The Ayurveda section emphasizes whole foods suited to body constitution, regular exercise, sleep, cleanliness, and practices like yoga and meditation—but makes no mention of taking large amounts of supplements or vitamins as a recommended practice.

Question: When the chapter describes the difference between a symptom and a sign, which pairing correctly matches each term with its definition?
A. Both symptoms and signs are always visible to others around the patient
B. A symptom is what a patient feels internally, while a sign can be observed or measured by someone else
C. A sign refers to emotional distress, while a symptom refers to physical pain only
D. Symptoms always indicate serious illness, while signs indicate minor health issues
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Answer: (B) A symptom is what a patient feels internally, while a sign can be observed or measured by someone else

Explanation:
The chapter explicitly states that a symptom is what the patient experiences (like pain or dizziness), while a sign is observable or measurable by others or instruments (like fever or rash), helping doctors diagnose conditions.

Question: Based on Table 3.1 in the chapter, tuberculosis is caused by a bacterium and affects the lungs. Which of the following preventive measures from the table directly targets how this disease spreads?
A. Drinking boiled water and consuming properly cooked food
B. Avoiding close contact with infected people and covering mouth and nose
C. Using mosquito nets and wearing long-sleeved clothes
D. Maintaining personal hygiene through regular handwashing only
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Avoiding close contact with infected people and covering mouth and nose

Explanation:
Since tuberculosis spreads through the air when infected people cough, the preventive measures must focus on limiting respiratory transmission—avoiding close contact and covering mouth and nose directly interrupt this airborne route of spread.

Question: The chapter mentions that India has one of the highest numbers of people with diabetes globally. According to the text, which combination of factors contributes most to the development of diabetes?
A. Only genetic inheritance from family members
B. Hormonal imbalances, unhealthy eating, lack of physical activity, and being overweight or obese
C. Infectious pathogens transmitted through contaminated water
D. Air pollution and exposure to smoke alone
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Hormonal imbalances, unhealthy eating, lack of physical activity, and being overweight or obese

Explanation:
• The chapter states diabetes develops due to a combination of factors
• Hormonal imbalances are mentioned as contributing
• Unhealthy eating habits are specifically listed
• Lack of physical activity is identified as a cause
• Being overweight or obese increases diabetes risk
• The chapter contrasts this with communicable disease causes (pathogens)

Question: When studying the antibiotic resistance diagram (Fig. 3.5a), at what point does resistance to antibiotics first emerge in the sequence described?
A. Only after bacteria enter the human bloodstream
B. When a few bacteria develop resistance in response to antibiotic exposure
C. When patients stop taking medication
D. During the manufacturing of antibiotic drugs
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) When a few bacteria develop resistance in response to antibiotic exposure

Explanation:
The chapter and diagram show that resistance begins when some bacteria naturally survive antibiotic treatment and then multiply, gradually replacing susceptible bacteria—this is the origin point before resistance spreads through human and environmental pathways.

Question: The chapter discusses Edward Jenner's observation that milkmaids who had cowpox did not catch smallpox. What scientific principle did this observation lead Jenner to test?
A. That all diseases are caused by similar organisms
B. That exposure to a milder related disease could provide protection against a more serious one
C. That vaccination is ineffective for viral infections
D. That smallpox and cowpox viruses are completely unrelated
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Answer: (B) That exposure to a milder related disease could provide protection against a more serious one

Explanation:
Jenner's observation that cowpox-infected milkmaids were resistant to smallpox led him to hypothesize that exposure to the milder cowpox virus could train the body to resist the deadly smallpox—this principle became the foundation of vaccination.

Question: According to the chapter's explanation of how vaccines work, which statement most accurately describes the mechanism by which vaccines provide protection?
A. Vaccines inject living viruses that fight off pathogens in the bloodstream
B. Vaccines train the immune system to recognize and attack harmful germs without causing the disease
C. Vaccines cure diseases by killing all bacteria in the body
D. Vaccines replace the body's natural immune system entirely
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Vaccines train the immune system to recognize and attack harmful germs without causing the disease

Explanation:
The chapter explains that vaccines work by exposing the immune system to weakened or dead pathogens (or harmless parts) so it learns to recognize and fight the actual disease—acquiring what is called acquired immunity without getting sick.

Question: The chapter states that antibiotics do not work against viral infections. Based on the explanation provided, why is this the case?
A. Viruses are larger than bacteria and cannot be reached by antibiotics
B. Antibiotics target structures unique to bacterial cells that viruses do not have
C. Viruses reproduce faster than antibiotics can kill them
D. The human immune system prevents antibiotics from reaching viral infections
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Answer: (B) Antibiotics target structures unique to bacterial cells that viruses do not have

Explanation:
The chapter explicitly states that antibiotics work only against bacterial infections because they target parts of bacterial cells that differ from human and animal cells—viruses lack these bacterial structures, making antibiotics ineffective against them.

Question: In the Odisha sanitation campaign described in Activity 3.6, what was the chain of causation that led to improved child health?
A. Building toilets directly prevented all infectious diseases
B. Increased toilet use reduced open defecation, which decreased water-borne infection transmission
C. Sanitation campaigns taught children proper nutrition
D. Toilets eliminated air-borne diseases like measles
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Increased toilet use reduced open defecation, which decreased water-borne infection transmission

Explanation:
The case demonstrates that improved sanitation through toilet construction and use reduced open defecation, which interrupted the transmission of water-borne pathogens—resulting in fewer cases of diarrhea and other infections in children.

Question: The chapter compares two playgrounds in Activity 3.3. What connection does the text draw between environmental cleanliness and health outcomes?
A. Clean environments are only important for physical appearance
B. Clean surroundings reduce pathogen transmission and help prevent illness, while polluted environments increase disease incidence
C. Environment has no effect on health if personal hygiene is maintained
D. Polluted areas cause only non-communicable diseases
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Clean surroundings reduce pathogen transmission and help prevent illness, while polluted environments increase disease incidence

Explanation:
The activity illustrates that people in clean, well-maintained environments stay healthier than those in polluted, unhygienic areas with flies and mosquitoes—directly linking environmental cleanliness to the spread of communicable diseases and overall health.

Question: According to the chapter, what is the relationship between the immune system and vaccines in the context of disease prevention?
A. Vaccines replace the function of the immune system entirely
B. The immune system automatically recognizes all pathogens without any help
C. Vaccines train and prepare the immune system to recognize specific pathogens before actual infection occurs
D. The immune system and vaccines are unrelated components of disease defense
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Answer: (C) Vaccines train and prepare the immune system to recognize specific pathogens before actual infection occurs

Explanation:
The chapter explains that vaccines work by training the immune system—exposing it to harmless versions of germs so it learns to recognize and attack them—creating acquired immunity that protects before a real infection happens.

Question: The chapter mentions that some newer vaccines work by instructing the body's own cells to make harmless parts of germs. How does this approach differ from traditional vaccines made from weakened or dead pathogens?
A. Traditional vaccines are more effective than newer vaccines
B. Both work identically with no meaningful difference
C. Newer vaccines allow the body to produce its own antigen rather than receiving pre-made components
D. Newer vaccines contain live viruses and are therefore more dangerous
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (C) Newer vaccines allow the body to produce its own antigen rather than receiving pre-made components

Explanation:
The chapter contrasts two vaccine approaches: traditional ones use weakened or dead pathogens (or their inactive parts), while newer vaccines instruct the person's own cells to manufacture a harmless piece of the germ—shifting production from external to internal.

Question: Based on the chapter's discussion of non-communicable diseases and their treatment, why do therapies for these conditions focus on managing symptoms rather than curing the disease?
A. Because non-communicable diseases are always fatal
B. Because non-communicable diseases like diabetes often persist long-term and cannot be completely cured, making symptom management and lifestyle changes the primary approach
C. Because antibiotics can cure all non-communicable diseases
D. Because non-communicable diseases do not affect the body's organs
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Because non-communicable diseases like diabetes often persist long-term and cannot be completely cured, making symptom management and lifestyle changes the primary approach

Explanation:
• Non-communicable diseases are chronic (lasting more than 3 months or longer)
• They result from lifestyle and environmental factors that are difficult to completely reverse
• The chapter states therapy focuses on managing symptoms, lifestyle changes, and rehabilitation
• Early diagnosis and continuous care control progression and prevent complications
• Complete cure is often not possible, unlike many communicable diseases

Question: When a person follows dinacharya and ritucharya as taught in Ayurveda, what aspect of health is being primarily addressed?
A. Maintaining balance between body, mind, and surroundings
B. Building resistance to communicable diseases
C. Developing antibodies against pathogens
D. Increasing physical strength through intense exercise
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) Maintaining balance between body, mind, and surroundings

Explanation:
Ayurveda emphasizes that true health comes from balancing body, mind, and environment through daily and seasonal routines, not from fighting disease-causing agents or building strength alone.

Question: In the chapter's description of disease transmission methods shown in Fig. 3.4, which pathway represents the spread of diseases like malaria and dengue?
A. Through direct contact like shaking hands
B. By insects like mosquitoes acting as vectors
C. Through contaminated food and water
D. By breathing air from an infected person
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) By insects like mosquitoes acting as vectors

Explanation:
The diagram explicitly shows that certain diseases spread through insects called vectors, and the chapter identifies mosquitoes as vectors for malaria and dengue specifically.

Question: The chapter states that chronic diseases like cancer, diabetes, and asthma "may often persist for a long time (more than 3 months)." Based on this definition, which condition from Table 3.1 would NOT be classified as chronic?
A. Diabetes
B. Common cold and influenza
C. Asthma
D. Heart disease
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Common cold and influenza

Explanation:
• Common cold typically lasts only days to a couple of weeks
• The chapter defines chronic as lasting more than 3 months
• The other three conditions listed are known to persist much longer than this timeframe

Question: According to the chapter, why might a person living in a clean, well-maintained environment still not feel healthy overall?
A. Environmental factors are less important than diet
B. The person may be lonely or emotionally upset
C. Clean surroundings prevent the immune system from developing
D. Physical health is independent from mental health
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) The person may be lonely or emotionally upset

Explanation:
The chapter explicitly states that even with good physical conditions, people may not feel well if they are lonely or upset, demonstrating that mental and social factors are essential components of health.

Question: The chapter describes how Edward Jenner made his discovery about cowpox protecting against smallpox. Which step in his scientific process would have been most critical to verify his hypothesis before vaccination became widespread?
A. Observing that milkmaids did not catch smallpox
B. Testing the hypothesis by injecting cowpox sap into a boy
C. Developing a hypothesis about the protective substance
D. Documenting his observations in writing
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Testing the hypothesis by injecting cowpox sap into a boy

Explanation:
Without experimental testing of his hypothesis through the injection experiment, Jenner's observation alone would have been insufficient to prove the principle of vaccination.

Question: Based on the chapter's explanation of antibiotic resistance shown in Fig. 3.5b, which action most directly contributes to the development of resistant bacteria?
A. Taking a complete course of antibiotics as prescribed
B. Taking antibiotics only when truly needed
C. Avoiding antibiotics for viral infections
D. Taking incomplete doses or using antibiotics unnecessarily
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (D) Taking incomplete doses or using antibiotics unnecessarily

Explanation:
The diagram shows that taking antibiotics when not required or in incomplete doses allows some bacteria to survive and develop resistance, rather than being killed completely by the medication.

Question: The chapter notes that India is one of the world's largest vaccine producers and supplied vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic. What does this information suggest about India's capacity in the global health system?
A. India produces vaccines only for domestic use
B. India has significant manufacturing and distribution capabilities for public health
C. India's vaccine production began only recently during the pandemic
D. Vaccine production is India's primary contribution to global health
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) India has significant manufacturing and distribution capabilities for public health

Explanation:
The section emphasizes that India manufactures vaccines on a massive scale and supplies many countries, indicating established infrastructure and capacity for supporting global health efforts.

Question: In comparing the two playgrounds shown in Activity 3.3, the chapter demonstrates a relationship between environmental conditions and health. Which aspect of the polluted playground would most directly affect respiratory health based on the chapter's discussion?
A. The presence of flies and mosquitoes
B. The lack of people and activity
C. Air pollution from dust and smoke
D. The dirty physical appearance
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (C) Air pollution from dust and smoke

Explanation:
The chapter specifically mentions that air pollution from dust and smoke makes breathing difficult and can cause conditions like coughing or asthma in cities.

Question: The chapter distinguishes between vaccines being preventive rather than curative. Which scenario best illustrates this distinction?
A. A vaccine stops an illness that is already causing symptoms in a person
B. A vaccine trains the immune system to recognize a pathogen before infection occurs
C. A vaccine can replace antibiotics for treating bacterial infections
D. A vaccine provides immediate relief from current disease symptoms
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) A vaccine trains the immune system to recognize a pathogen before infection occurs

Explanation:
Preventive means stopping something before it happens—vaccines prepare the immune system in advance so it can fight a disease if encountered, rather than treating an illness already present.

Question: The chapter explains that parasites like worms live inside the body and feed on nutrients. Based on this description, how would parasitic infections differ from bacterial or viral communicable diseases in terms of transmission?
A. Parasites spread through air in the same way as viruses
B. Parasites typically spread through contaminated food, water, soil, or contact with infected people or animals
C. Parasites cannot spread between people because they require a host
D. Parasitic infections are less common than bacterial infections because they spread more slowly
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Parasites typically spread through contaminated food, water, soil, or contact with infected people or animals

Explanation:
The chapter specifically states that worms usually spread through contaminated food, water, soil, or contact with infected people or animals—a different transmission route than airborne or direct contact diseases.

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FAQs

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