Revision Notes for Class 6 Social Science: All Chapters
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How the name India came about
The Iranians and Greeks called the River Indus Hindos or Indos. The land to the east of this river was therefore called India. So even the name of our country comes from its geography.
Physical features and their effect on history
| Region | Effect on history |
|---|---|
| The Great Himalayas | Very high mountains in the north. They act as a natural barrier, so very few invasions came from this side. |
| The Northern Plains | Areas along the rivers developed faster than other parts. Rivers gave water, were the main way of travel and made the land fertile. Farming became prosperous and trade flourished near the rivers. Important rivers: Beas, Ganga, Yamuna and Indus. |
| The Deccan Plateau | It was always a strong military base. Powerful northern rulers found it hard to win and control the Deccan for a long time. |
| The Coastal Plains | Open to the sea, they let Indians build trade links with Europeans, south-east Asians and Africans. |
BCE and CE
The birth of Jesus Christ is taken as year zero. Dates before it are counted backwards and written BCE (Before Common Era). Dates after it are written CE (Common Era). Historians now use BCE and CE in place of the older BC and AD.
Questions
1. How did the Northern Plains influence the history of India?
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Answer: Places along the rivers developed faster than the rest of the country. Rivers gave water and transport and made the land fertile, so farming and trade grew well near them.
Teacher's Note: Use the key term in your answer.
2. Why did very few invasions come from the north?
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Answer: The Himalayas in the north are very high and work as a natural barrier against invaders.
Teacher's Note: Give an example if the question allows.
3. Why was it difficult for northern rulers to control the Deccan?
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Answer: The Deccan Plateau was a strong and powerful military base, so it could not be conquered and held for long.
Teacher's Note: Write a short, clear answer.
4. How did the coastal plains help India?
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Answer: They were open to the sea, so India could trade with Europeans and with south-east Asian and African countries.
Teacher's Note: Remember this for your exam.
5. How did India get its name?
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Answer: The Iranians and Greeks called the River Indus Hindos or Indos. The land to the east of the river came to be called India.
Teacher's Note: Learn this point and write it in your own words.
6. Name any two important rivers of North India.
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Answer: The Ganga and the Yamuna. (The Beas and the Indus are also correct.)
Teacher's Note: Use the key term in your answer.
7. What is the difference between history and prehistory?
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Answer: Prehistory is the period before writing was invented, so there are no written records. History is the period after writing was invented, for which written records are available.
Teacher's Note: Give an example if the question allows.
8. Name the two types of literary sources and explain them.
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Answer: Religious literature deals with religion, for example the Vedas, Brahmanas and Upanishads. Secular literature is not religious, for example historical accounts and biographies such as the Arthashastra by Kautilya and Indika by Megasthenes.
Teacher's Note: Write a short, clear answer.
9. Define secular literature and artefacts.
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Answer: Secular literature is writing that is not religious. Artefacts are objects made by humans in the past, such as tools, pottery, ornaments, metal objects and sculptures.
Teacher's Note: Remember this for your exam.
10. Match the following: (a) Archaeological, (b) Manuscripts, (c) Indika, (d) Coins with: Handwritten records, Sources of information, Non-written, Megasthenes.
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Answer: (a) Archaeological - Non-written; (b) Manuscripts - Handwritten records; (c) Indika - Megasthenes; (d) Coins - Sources of information.
Teacher's Note: Learn this point and write it in your own words.
11. How do historians find out about our past?
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Answer: They study archaeological sources such as artefacts, monuments, coins and inscriptions, and literary sources such as manuscripts and religious and secular books.
Teacher's Note: Use the key term in your answer.
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Study Material and Revision Notes for Class 6 Social Science All Chapters
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You can download the teacher prepared revision notes for CBSE Class 6 Social Science How Geography Shaped Indian History Notes with Questions Set 01 from StudiesToday.com. These notes are designed as per 2026-27 academic session to help Class 6 students get the best study material for Social Science.
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