CBSE Class 10 Social Science The Rise Of Nationalism In Europe MCQs Set 09

Answer: (a) Censorship laws to control the press

Explanation:
1. Liberal nationalists criticised censorship laws that restricted press freedom, viewing them as a denial of basic liberties.

Teacher's Note:
a) Censorship laws, restricting press freedom, were a key liberal grievance.
b) Liberals sought freedom of the press alongside national unity.

Answer: (b) Aristocratic

Explanation:
1. The conservative regimes set up after 1815 (at the Congress of Vienna) were aristocratic, favouring traditional monarchies and elites.

Teacher's Note:
a) Post-1815 regimes were aristocratic, favouring old elites and monarchies.
b) This was a reaction against the changes brought by the French Revolution.

Answer: (a) French Revolution

Explanation:
1. The French Revolution (1789) is regarded as the first clear expression of nationalism, introducing ideas like 'la patrie' and 'le citoyen'.

Teacher's Note:
a) The French Revolution is seen as nationalism's first expression.
b) It introduced ideas of the nation and citizenship that spread across Europe.

Answer: (b) Victor Emmanuel II

Explanation:
1. Victor Emmanuel II was proclaimed King of a united Italy in 1861.

Teacher's Note:
a) Victor Emmanuel II became King of united Italy in 1861.
b) Cavour and Garibaldi were key leaders of the unification movement but did not become king.

Answer: (b) Ottoman empire

Explanation:
1. Much of the Balkan region was under the control of the Ottoman Empire before the rise of nationalist movements there.

Teacher's Note:
a) The Balkans were largely under Ottoman control.
b) Nationalist movements, like the Greek War of Independence, challenged this control.

Answer: (d) None of the above

Explanation:
1. European conservatives believed in all three listed ideas — traditional institutions, strong monarchy, and a return to pre-revolutionary society — so 'none of the above' correctly captures that there is no exception among them.

Teacher's Note:
a) Conservatives supported traditional institutions, strong monarchy, and a pre-revolutionary order.
b) All three options describe genuine conservative beliefs.

Answer: (c) Italy

Explanation:
1. Napoleon was ultimately defeated by a coalition including Britain, Austria and Germany (Prussia); Italy was not a member of this coalition against him.

Teacher's Note:
a) Britain, Austria and Prussia (Germany) were part of the coalition defeating Napoleon.
b) Italy was not a part of this coalition.

Answer: (a) Greece

Explanation:
1. The Treaty of Constantinople (1832) recognised Greece as an independent nation, following the Greek War of Independence.

Teacher's Note:
a) The Treaty of Constantinople recognised Greek independence.
b) This followed years of nationalist struggle against Ottoman rule.

Answer: (c) Duke Metternich

Explanation:
1. The Congress/Treaty of Vienna (1815) was hosted by Duke Metternich, the Austrian chancellor.

Teacher's Note:
a) Duke Metternich of Austria hosted the Congress of Vienna.
b) It aimed to restore conservative order in post-Napoleonic Europe.

Answer: (d) Russia was given the German Confederation of 39 states

Explanation:
1. Russia was given control of Poland by the Treaty of Vienna, not the German Confederation; the German Confederation of 39 states was a separate outcome, so attributing it to Russia is incorrect.

Teacher's Note:
a) Russia received control of Poland, not the German Confederation, under the Vienna settlement.
b) The German Confederation of 39 states was its own separate outcome of the treaty.

Answer: (b) Spirit of the nation

Explanation:
1. 'Volksgeist' is a German term meaning the 'spirit of the nation', associated with the cultural idea of nationalism advanced by thinkers like Herder.

Teacher's Note:
a) 'Volksgeist' means the spirit of the nation.
b) It reflects the Romantic-era idea that a nation's culture defines its unique spirit.

Answer: (b) Zollverein

Explanation:
1. The Zollverein was the customs union formed by Prussia in 1834 to reduce tariff barriers among German states.

Teacher's Note:
a) The Zollverein was Prussia's customs union, formed in 1834.
b) It helped economically unify the German states ahead of political unification.

Answer: (d) Frédéric Sorrieu

Explanation:
1. Frédéric Sorrieu was the French artist who prepared this series of four prints imagining a world of independent nation-states.

Teacher's Note:
a) Frédéric Sorrieu created the four-print series imagining a world of nations.
b) His work visualised liberty, democracy and social and international organisation as a people's chain.

Answer: (a) Philip Veit

Explanation:
1. Philip Veit painted the allegorical female figure of Germania, representing the German nation.

Teacher's Note:
a) Philip Veit painted the allegorical figure Germania.
b) Marianne similarly represented France, as a national allegory.

Answer: (d) Poland was partitioned at the end of the 18th century by three Great Powers: Russia, Prussia and Austria

Explanation:
1. Poland was partitioned among Russia, Prussia and Austria at the end of the 18th century, losing its independence as a unified state.

Teacher's Note:
a) Poland was partitioned among Russia, Prussia and Austria.
b) This partition ended Poland's independence as a sovereign state.