CBSE Class 10 Social Science Sectors of the Indian Economy MCQs Set 03

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for Class 10 Social Science: Chapter 02 Sectors of the Indian Economy

Access targeted multiple-choice questions for Chapter 02 Sectors of the Indian Economy designed to align with the latest CBSE academic syllabus for Class 10 Social Science. These objective practice sets help students evaluate their conceptual understanding and improve exam readiness.

Practice Chapter 02 Sectors of the Indian Economy MCQs for Class 10 Social Science

Access the complete set of multiple-choice questions for Chapter 02 Sectors of the Indian Economy below. This focused format allows students to isolate specific topics for thorough review and uninterrupted practice alongside official CBSE textbooks.

Question 1: What is the secondary sector?
(a) Production of a good by exploiting natural resources
(b) Activities in which natural products are changed into other forms through manufacturing
(c) Activities that, by themselves, do not produce a good, but are an aid or support for the production process
(d) Mineral excavation
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Activities in which natural products are changed into other forms through manufacturing

Explanation:
1. The secondary sector covers activities where natural products are transformed into other forms through manufacturing.

Teacher's Note:
a) Secondary sector = manufacturing/transforming natural products.
b) This distinguishes it from the primary sector (extraction) and tertiary sector (services).

Question 2: Using sugarcane as raw material to make sugar or gur comes under which sector?
(a) Primary
(b) Private
(c) Industrial
(d) Tertiary
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Industrial

Explanation:
1. Converting sugarcane into sugar or gur is a manufacturing activity, placing it in the industrial (secondary) sector.

Teacher's Note:
a) Making sugar/gur from sugarcane is a secondary-sector (industrial) activity.
b) Growing the sugarcane itself would instead be primary sector.

Question 3: Activities that, by themselves, do not produce a good but are an aid or support for the production process are called:
(a) Primary
(b) Private
(c) Industrial
(d) Tertiary
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Tertiary

Explanation:
1. Such support activities — like transport, trade, banking — belong to the tertiary (service) sector.

Teacher's Note:
a) Support activities for production belong to the tertiary sector.
b) Examples include transport, trade, banking and communication.

Question 4: Name one function/activity of the tertiary sector.
(a) Goods that are produced need to be transported by trucks or trains, then sold in wholesale and retail shops
(b) This sector gradually became associated with different kinds of industries
(c) Activities in which natural products are changed into other forms through manufacturing
(d) Producing a good by exploiting natural resources
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Goods that are produced need to be transported by trucks or trains, then sold in wholesale and retail shops

Explanation:
1. Transporting and selling goods through wholesale/retail shops is a genuine tertiary-sector activity, unlike the others which describe secondary or primary sector work.

Teacher's Note:
a) Transport and retail/wholesale trade are tertiary-sector activities.
b) Manufacturing (secondary) and resource extraction (primary) are different sectors entirely.

Question 5: Which sector is also called the service sector?
(a) Primary
(b) Public
(c) Industrial
(d) Tertiary
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Tertiary

Explanation:
1. The tertiary sector is also known as the service sector, covering activities that support production and consumption.

Teacher's Note:
a) Tertiary sector = service sector.
b) It includes trade, transport, banking, communication and more.

Question 6: The sum of production in the three sectors gives what is called the ______ of a country.
(a) Gross income
(b) Gross Domestic Product
(c) Net Domestic Product
(d) Net income
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Gross Domestic Product

Explanation:
1. Adding up production across the primary, secondary and tertiary sectors gives a country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

Teacher's Note:
a) GDP = sum of production across all three sectors.
b) It is the standard measure of a country's total economic output.

Question 7: The value of final goods and services produced in each sector during a particular year provides the:
(a) Average production of the sector for that year
(b) Net production of the sector for that year
(c) Total production of the sector for that year
(d) Gross production of the sector for that year
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Total production of the sector for that year

Explanation:
1. This value represents the total production of that sector for the year in question.

Teacher's Note:
a) Value of final goods/services produced = that sector's total production for the year.
b) This feeds into calculating the overall GDP.

Question 8: ______ gradually became the most important sector in total production and employment (during early industrialisation).
(a) Secondary sector
(b) Tertiary sector
(c) Public sector
(d) Primary sector
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Secondary sector

Explanation:
1. During early industrialisation, the secondary sector gradually overtook the primary sector in importance for production and employment.

Teacher's Note:
a) Secondary sector overtook primary sector during early industrialisation.
b) This reflects the historical shift from agriculture towards manufacturing.

Question 9: Which one is a primary occupation?
(a) Tailor
(b) Basket weaver
(c) Flower cultivator
(d) Milk vendor
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Flower cultivator

Explanation:
1. A flower cultivator grows flowers directly from natural resources, making it a primary-sector occupation; the others involve processing (secondary) or trade/service (tertiary) activities.

Teacher's Note:
a) Flower cultivation is a primary-sector (agriculture-related) occupation.
b) Tailoring and basket weaving are secondary; milk vending is tertiary (trade).

Question 10: Not every good or service produced and sold needs to be counted for GDP. It makes sense to include only the ______ to get total production.
(a) Values of goods and services in production
(b) Final goods and services
(c) Adding up the actual numbers of goods
(d) Goods and services in the three sectors
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Final goods and services

Explanation:
1. Only final goods and services are counted, to avoid double-counting intermediate goods used up in further production.

Teacher's Note:
a) Only final goods/services count towards GDP, avoiding double-counting.
b) Intermediate goods (like wheat flour used to bake bread) are excluded from this total.

Question 11: Give an example of an intermediate good.
(a) Woven basket
(b) Chair production from wood
(c) Wheat flour
(d) Biscuits
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Wheat flour

Explanation:
1. Wheat flour is an intermediate good, since it is typically used to make a further product (like bread) rather than being a final product itself.

Teacher's Note:
a) Wheat flour is a classic intermediate good.
b) It gets used up in making a further final product, like bread.

Question 12: It has been noted from the histories of many now-developed countries that at the initial stages of development, the ______ sector was the most important sector of economic activity.
(a) Public
(b) Tertiary
(c) Secondary
(d) Primary
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Primary

Explanation:
1. In the initial stages of development, the primary (agricultural) sector was historically the most important source of economic activity.

Teacher's Note:
a) Primary sector dominated in early stages of most countries' development.
b) Industrialisation later shifted this balance towards the secondary sector.

Question 13: As farming methods changed and the agriculture sector began to prosper, most of the goods produced from the primary sector were ______, and most people were also employed in this sector.
(a) Synthetic products
(b) Involved machines
(c) Natural products
(d) Mixed products
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Natural products

Explanation:
1. As agriculture prospered, the goods produced from the primary sector remained natural products, with most people still employed in this sector.

Teacher's Note:
a) Primary sector output remained 'natural products' even as agriculture prospered.
b) This differs from secondary-sector output, which transforms these natural products further.

Question 14: Why did the secondary sector later become the most important sector?
(a) People began using many more goods produced in factories at cheap rates
(b) Employment increased
(c) Agriculture declined
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Both (a) and (b)

Explanation:
1. The secondary sector grew in importance both because cheap factory-made goods became widely used and because employment in this sector increased.

Teacher's Note:
a) Cheap factory goods and rising secondary-sector employment both drove this shift.
b) These two factors reinforced each other during industrialisation.

Question 15: In developed countries, the ______ sector has become the most important in terms of total production.
(a) Primary
(b) Industrial
(c) Service
(d) Public
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Service

Explanation:
1. In most developed countries today, the service (tertiary) sector has become the most important in total production.

Teacher's Note:
a) Developed economies are now dominated by the service (tertiary) sector.
b) This represents a further shift beyond the earlier industrial (secondary) dominance.

Question 16: Looking at India's GDP data by sector, which was the most productive sector in 1974?
(a) Primary sector
(b) Tertiary sector
(c) Secondary sector
(d) Equal production across sectors
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Primary sector

Explanation:
1. In 1974, the primary sector was still the most productive sector in India's GDP, reflecting the still largely agriculture-based economy of that time.

Teacher's Note:
a) In 1974, India's GDP was dominated by the primary sector.
b) This reflects India's then still largely agrarian economy.

Question 17: The primary sector is also called:
(a) Service sector
(b) Agriculture and related sector
(c) Pre-industry sector
(d) Unorganised sector
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Agriculture and related sector

Explanation:
1. The primary sector is also known as the 'agriculture and related sector', since it covers farming, fishing, forestry and mining.

Teacher's Note:
a) Primary sector = 'agriculture and related sector'.
b) This includes farming, fishing, forestry and mining together.

Question 18: Looking at India's GDP data by sector, which was the most productive sector in 2013-14?
(a) Primary sector
(b) Tertiary sector
(c) Secondary sector
(d) Equal production across sectors
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Tertiary sector

Explanation:
1. By 2013-14, the tertiary (service) sector had become the most productive in India's GDP, overtaking both primary and secondary sectors.

Teacher's Note:
a) By 2013-14, the tertiary sector led India's GDP.
b) This marks India's shift towards a service-sector-dominated economy.

Question 19: Which of the following statements is correct about GDP?
(a) It shows how big the economy of a country is in terms of purchasing power
(b) It shows the total product of a country in a given year without calculating the national income
(c) It shows the number of people involved in production in the tertiary sector in a year
(d) It shows the value of total goods and services produced in a country in a year
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) It shows the value of total goods and services produced in a country in a year

Explanation:
1. GDP is defined as the total value of all goods and services produced within a country in a given year.

Teacher's Note:
a) GDP measures the total value of goods and services produced in a year.
b) It is not about purchasing power, employment numbers, or any single sector alone.

Question 20: Choose the organisation most likely to conduct a survey on employment and unemployment in India.
(a) NSSO
(b) Economics Ministry
(c) ILO
(d) NITI Aayog
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) NSSO

Explanation:
1. The National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) conducts India's employment and unemployment surveys.

Teacher's Note:
a) NSSO conducts India's employment/unemployment surveys.
b) This is distinct from the Finance/Economics Ministry or NITI Aayog's broader policy roles.

Question 21: Which of the following does NOT fall under the unorganised sector?
(a) A shoemaker mending shoes
(b) A daily wage labourer working to build a house
(c) An HR employee working for a software company
(d) A cook cooking in the house of her boss
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) An HR employee working for a software company

Explanation:
1. An HR employee at a software company works in the organised sector, with regulated employment terms, unlike the other three unorganised, informal roles.

Teacher's Note:
a) Software company employment is organised-sector work.
b) Shoemakers, daily wage labourers and domestic cooks typically work in the unorganised sector.

Question 22: Fill in the blank: ___ owns Reliance Industries.
(a) The government
(b) A private business or group
(c) A Bank
(d) Jointly by private companies and the government
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) A private business or group

Explanation:
1. Reliance Industries is privately owned, not government or jointly owned.

Teacher's Note:
a) Reliance Industries is privately owned.
b) This makes it a private-sector company, unlike jointly-owned or state-owned enterprises.

Question 23: Fill in the blank: MGNREGA (2005) has guaranteed ___ days of employment to unemployed, willing rural youth in a year.
(a) 365 days
(b) 100 days
(c) 50 days
(d) 180 days
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) 100 days

Explanation:
1. MGNREGA guarantees 100 days of wage employment per year to rural households willing to do unskilled manual work.

Teacher's Note:
a) MGNREGA guarantees 100 days of employment per year.
b) This applies to rural households seeking unskilled manual work.

Question 24: Where is disguised unemployment most likely to be found?
(a) Among agricultural workers working on self-owned small farmlands
(b) Factory workers
(c) Private company owners and employees
(d) Government officials
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Among agricultural workers working on self-owned small farmlands

Explanation:
1. Disguised unemployment is common on small family farms, where more family members work than the land actually requires.

Teacher's Note:
a) Disguised unemployment is common on small, self-owned farms.
b) More family members work the land than is actually needed, hiding real unemployment.

Question 25: Choose the odd one out.
(a) Small and scattered shoe-making units are largely outside government control
(b) Rules and regulations are not followed in the matchstick industry
(c) Jobs here are high-paid and often regular, in the IT sector
(d) No provision for overtime, paid leave, holidays or medical leave is found in local ration shops
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Jobs here are high-paid and often regular, in the IT sector

Explanation:
1. The IT sector example describes organised-sector traits (high pay, regularity), unlike the other three options, which all describe unorganised-sector characteristics.

Teacher's Note:
a) The IT-sector example describes organised-sector traits.
b) The other three examples all describe unorganised-sector conditions.

Question 26: A severe global energy crisis in 2023 caused energy shortages and soaring prices, impacting global supply chains. Which sectors of production are affected by such events?
(a) Primary and Secondary
(b) Secondary and Tertiary
(c) Tertiary, Primary and Secondary
(d) Tertiary and Primary
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Tertiary, Primary and Secondary

Explanation:
1. Energy is a fundamental input across all three sectors — primary (extraction, farming), secondary (manufacturing) and tertiary (services) — so an energy crisis affects all of them.

Teacher's Note:
a) Energy is a fundamental input across primary, secondary and tertiary sectors.
b) An energy crisis therefore ripples through all three, not just one or two.

Question 27: Rohit works in a hotel with regulated work hours, gets lunch daily, and can take leave if unwell. Of which sector is he most likely an employee?
(a) Agriculture sector
(b) Private sector
(c) Organised sector
(d) Unorganised sector
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Organised sector

Explanation:
1. Regulated hours, provided meals and the ability to take sick leave are hallmarks of organised-sector employment.

Teacher's Note:
a) Regulated hours and sick leave are organised-sector benefits.
b) Unorganised-sector jobs typically lack these protections.

Question 28: Observe a cartoon showing a worker extracting raw materials directly from nature (e.g. farming or mining). Which sector does this worker represent?
(a) Primary
(b) Secondary
(c) Tertiary
(d) None
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Primary

Explanation:
1. Extracting raw materials directly from nature is the defining activity of the primary sector.

Teacher's Note:
a) Extracting raw materials directly from nature defines the primary sector.
b) This differs from processing (secondary) or service (tertiary) activities.

Question 29: Observe a graph of sector-wise production over time. Which statement best explains it?
(a) Production in all three sectors has decreased, most in the primary sector
(b) Production in all three sectors has increased, most in the primary sector
(c) Production in all three sectors has increased, most in the tertiary sector
(d) Production in all three sectors has increased, with similar growth across sectors
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Production in all three sectors has increased, most in the tertiary sector

Explanation:
1. India's tertiary sector has seen the fastest growth in production among the three sectors over recent decades.

Teacher's Note:
a) The tertiary (service) sector has grown fastest among India's three sectors.
b) This reflects the broader structural shift of India's economy towards services.

Question 30: Shazia answered her teacher's question with 'MGNREGA 2005'. What was most likely the teacher's question?
(a) Name the act devised to implement the Right to Work
(b) Name the act devised to implement the Right to Equality
(c) Name the act devised to implement the Right to Freedom
(d) Name the act devised to implement the Right to Education
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Name the act devised to implement the Right to Work

Explanation:
1. MGNREGA (2005) was specifically devised to implement a guaranteed Right to Work for rural households.

Teacher's Note:
a) MGNREGA (2005) implements the Right to Work.
b) It is not related to rights of equality, freedom or education.

Question 31: Which steps would guarantee the welfare of employees in the organised sector? (I) Equal remuneration for men and women. (II) Protection of women's employment during maternity. (III) Prohibition of child marriage and relief for victims. (IV) A one-time bonus payment to all retired employees.
(a) Only (I) and (IV)
(b) Only (I), (III) and (IV)
(c) Only (I), (II) and (IV)
(d) (I), (II), (III) and (IV)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Only (I), (II) and (IV)

Explanation:
1. Equal pay (I), maternity protection (II), and retirement bonuses (IV) are all genuine organised-sector welfare measures; prohibiting child marriage (III) is a broader social protection, not specifically an organised-sector workplace measure.

Teacher's Note:
a) Equal pay, maternity protection and retirement bonuses are organised-sector welfare measures.
b) Child marriage prohibition is a broader social protection, not a workplace-specific measure.

Question 32: Match: (A) Tea maker with a street stall, (B) Government Official, (C) A CEO in a technology company, (D) An editor in a publication, with: (I) Organised Sector, (II) Unorganised Sector, (III) Public Sector, (IV) Private Sector.
(a) (A)-(II), (B)-(III), (C)-(IV), (D)-(I)
(b) (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(II), (D)-(I)
(c) (A)-(III), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(II)
(d) (A)-(I), (B)-(III), (C)-(II), (D)-(I)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) (A)-(II), (B)-(III), (C)-(IV), (D)-(I)

Explanation:
1. A street tea stall is unorganised-sector work (II); a government official works in the public sector (III); a tech company CEO works in the private sector (IV); and a publication editor typically works in the organised sector (I).

Teacher's Note:
a) Street tea stall = unorganised sector; government official = public sector.
b) Tech CEO = private sector; publication editor = organised sector.

Question 33: Assertion (A): There is also a need for protection and support of workers in the unorganised sector. Reason (R): Workers in the unorganised sector get paid very little and are heavily exploited.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(c) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong
(d) (A) is wrong but (R) is correct
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

Explanation:
1. The need to protect unorganised-sector workers is directly and correctly explained by their low pay and vulnerability to exploitation.

Teacher's Note:
a) Low pay and exploitation are exactly why unorganised workers need protection.
b) Both statements are true, and R correctly explains why this protection is needed.

Question 34: Which of the following is another name for the primary sector?
(a) Service sector
(b) Agriculture and related sector
(c) IT sector
(d) Industrial sector
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Agriculture and related sector

Explanation:
1. This answer was corrected — see the note below.
2. The primary sector is also called the agriculture sector, since it covers farming and other activities directly tied to the natural environment.

Teacher's Note:
a) IT sector belongs to the tertiary (services) sector, not the primary sector — don't mix them up.

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Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for Class 10 Social Science Chapter 02 Sectors of the Indian Economy

Chapter MCQs with Answers for Class 10 Social Science

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