CBSE Class 10 Social Science Manufacturing Industries MCQs Set 05

Answer: (c) Secondary

Explanation:
1. Manufacturing involves processing raw materials into finished goods, which places it in the secondary sector.

Teacher's Note:
a) Manufacturing belongs to the secondary sector.
b) The primary sector extracts raw materials; the secondary sector processes them.

Answer: (b) Public sector, private sector, joint and cooperative sectors

Explanation:
1. Ownership-based classification gives four categories: public sector, private sector, joint sector and cooperative sector.

Teacher's Note:
a) Ownership-based classification has four categories: public, private, joint, cooperative.
b) The other options classify industries by scale, product role, or raw material instead.

Answer: (d) Joint sector industries

Explanation:
1. Joint sector industries are owned jointly by the state and private individuals or companies, for example Oil India Ltd (OIL).

Teacher's Note:
a) Joint sector = part-state, part-private ownership.
b) Example: Oil India Ltd (OIL).

Answer: (c) TISCO

Explanation:
1. TISCO (Tata Iron and Steel Company) is a private sector industry.
2. BHEL and SAIL are public sector; OIL is a joint sector undertaking.

Teacher's Note:
a) TISCO is privately owned (Tata group).
b) BHEL and SAIL are public sector; OIL is joint sector.

Answer: (d) All of these

Explanation:
1. Silk/woollen textiles, sugar, cotton, jute and edible oil are all agro-based industries, drawing their raw material from agriculture.

Teacher's Note:
a) All of these industries use agricultural produce as their raw material.
b) This makes them agro-based industries.

Answer: (b) Mumbai

Explanation:
1. India's first textile mill was established in Mumbai.

Teacher's Note:
a) Mumbai was the site of India's first textile mill.
b) Mumbai (and later Ahmedabad) became early centres of the cotton textile industry.

Answer: (b) 18th century

Explanation:
1. Powerlooms came into use after the 18th century, as mechanisation of textile production began.

Teacher's Note:
a) Powerlooms are an 18th-century-onward development.
b) Before that, cotton textiles were produced by hand spinning and handloom weaving.

Answer: (c) SAIL

Explanation:
1. SAIL (Steel Authority of India Limited) is the public-sector body through which public-sector steel is mostly marketed.

Teacher's Note:
a) SAIL handles marketing for public-sector steel.
b) BHEL makes heavy electrical equipment, not steel; TISCO is private sector.

Answer: (d) Iron and Steel Industry

Explanation:
1. The iron and steel industry is the basic industry that supplies machinery-making material to all other industries, light, medium and heavy.

Teacher's Note:
a) Iron and steel is the basic industry supplying machinery to all others.
b) This is why it's called the backbone of modern industry.

Answer: (a) Chhotanagpur Plateau

Explanation:
1. The Chhotanagpur Plateau region has the maximum concentration of iron and steel industries in India, due to its rich mineral deposits.

Teacher's Note:
a) Chhotanagpur Plateau has India's densest cluster of iron and steel plants.
b) This is due to easy access to iron ore, coal and other minerals in the region.

Answer: (a) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
1. The iron and steel industry truly is the basic industry, and this is precisely because all other industries depend on it for their machinery — so R correctly explains A.

Teacher's Note:
a) Both statements are true, and R directly explains why A is true.
b) This makes iron and steel the foundation industry for all others.

Answer: (a) Largest producer

Explanation:
1. India is the largest producer of raw jute in the world.

Teacher's Note:
a) India is the world's largest producer of raw jute.
b) It is the second-largest exporter of jute products, after Bangladesh.

Answer: (b) Bengaluru

Explanation:
1. Bengaluru has emerged as India's electronic capital, hosting major electronics and IT industries.

Teacher's Note:
a) Bengaluru is India's electronic capital.
b) It hosts a dense cluster of electronics and IT companies.

Answer: (b) Presence of high proportion of sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide and air-borne particulate materials

Explanation:
1. Air pollution is caused by gases like sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide and particulate matter, not water effluents, land waste, or noise.

Teacher's Note:
a) Sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide and particulates cause air pollution.
b) The other options instead describe water, soil and noise pollution respectively.

Answer: (b) Bringing down regional disparities

Explanation:
1. Industries were set up in tribal/backward areas specifically to reduce regional disparities in development.

Teacher's Note:
a) Industrial development in backward areas aimed to reduce regional disparity.
b) This was a deliberate policy goal, distinct from broader unemployment/poverty measures.

Answer: (c) Clue (I) and (II)

Explanation:
1. Clues I and II directly and specifically describe the automobile industry's role in transport and its post-liberalisation growth; clue III lists an inaccurate set of locations, and clue IV is too generic to identify this specific industry.

Teacher's Note:
a) Transport role and liberalisation-driven growth specifically identify the automobile industry.
b) The location list (III) is inaccurate, and 'employment generation' (IV) is too generic to pin down this industry.

Answer: (b) (III), (II), (IV) and (I)

Explanation:
1. Fibre is produced first (III), then spun into yarn (II), then knitted into fabric (IV), and finally dyed (I).

Teacher's Note:
a) Textile process order: fibre → spinning → knitting → dyeing.
b) Each step builds on the product of the previous one.

Answer: (d) Caustic Soda

Explanation:
1. Caustic soda is an inorganic chemical product, while pharmaceuticals, synthetic rubber and dyes are mainly organic (petrochemical-based) products.

Teacher's Note:
a) Caustic soda is a classic inorganic chemical product.
b) Pharmaceuticals, synthetic rubber and dyes are instead organic/petrochemical products.

Answer: (c) Water from industries must be stored in containers, treated and cooled before being recycled for factory use

Explanation:
1. Treating, cooling and recycling industrial wastewater directly addresses water pollution from industrial discharge.

Teacher's Note:
a) Treating and recycling wastewater directly prevents water pollution.
b) The other options instead address noise, land and solid-waste pollution.

Answer: (b) Odisha

Explanation:
1. Odisha, home to the Paradeep fertiliser complex, is a significant fertiliser industry location.

Teacher's Note:
a) Odisha (Paradeep) hosts a major fertiliser industry hub.
b) This parallels Lucknow's role for the automobile industry.

Answer: (c) Potash

Explanation:
1. Potash is entirely imported, as India has no domestic potash reserves.

Teacher's Note:
a) India has no domestic potash deposits, so it must import all of it.
b) This differs from phosphate and nitrogenous fertilisers, which India partly produces domestically.

Answer: (a) (I), (III) and (IV)

Explanation:
1. NTPC is indeed a major power provider (I), has a plant at Ramagundam (IV), and enforces ecological monitoring at its power stations (III); it is not a major cause of air pollution, since it actively works to prevent it (making II false).

Teacher's Note:
a) NTPC actively monitors and manages pollution at its plants, rather than being a major polluter.
b) Statements I, III and IV are correct; II incorrectly blames NTPC for pollution.

Answer: (b) Aluminium Smelting

Explanation:
1. Aluminium smelting is the second most important metallurgical industry in India, after iron and steel.

Teacher's Note:
a) Aluminium smelting ranks second among metallurgical industries, after iron and steel.
b) Chemical, textile and fertiliser industries are not classified as metallurgical industries.

Answer: (c) Cotton

Explanation:
1. Adhesives, dyes and synthetic rubber are all petrochemical products, while cotton is a natural agricultural fibre, making cotton the odd one out.

Teacher's Note:
a) Adhesives, dyes and synthetic rubber are petrochemical products.
b) Cotton, by contrast, is a natural agricultural fibre, unrelated to petrochemicals.

Answer: (c) (A)-(II), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(III)

Explanation:
1. A major textile mill is in Mumbai, Maharashtra (II); the Electronics Park is in Hyderabad, Telangana (I); a chemical industry hub exists in Kerala (IV); and a major aluminium industry (NALCO) is in Odisha (III).

Teacher's Note:
a) Textile mill = Mumbai; Electronics Park = Hyderabad.
b) Chemical industry = Kerala; Aluminium industry (NALCO) = Odisha.

Answer: (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

Explanation:
1. Organic chemical plants are indeed located near refineries, and this is correctly explained by the difficulty and impracticality of transporting petrochemical feedstock over long distances.

Teacher's Note:
a) Petrochemical feedstock is hard to transport far, so plants locate near refineries.
b) Both statements are true, and R correctly explains why A holds.