CBSE Class 10 Physics Electricity MCQs Set 21

Physics Objective Questions and Answers: Chapter 11 Electricity

Review structured MCQ sets for Class 10 Physics Chapter 11 Electricity. Built according to official CBSE guidelines, these downloadable questions support daily revision and core concept reinforcement.

Download Chapter 11 Electricity MCQs with Answers

Access the complete set of multiple-choice questions for Chapter 11 Electricity below. This focused format allows students to isolate specific topics for thorough review and uninterrupted practice alongside official CBSE textbooks.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Most power stations produce:
(a) direct current
(b) electric power
(c) potential difference
(d) alternating current
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) alternating current

Explanation:
1. Generators at power stations produce alternating current.
2. AC can be stepped up by transformers for long-distance transmission.

Teacher's Note:
1. AC is chosen because transformers reduce transmission losses.

Question 2: Two lamps A (100 W, 220 V) and B (60 W, 220 V) are connected in series across a 220 V supply. The ratio of heat produced in A to that in B is:
(a) 3 : 5
(b) 5 : 3
(c) 4 : 5
(d) 5 : 4
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) 3 : 5

Explanation:
1. \( R_A = 220^2/100 = 484\ \Omega \), \( R_B = 220^2/60 \approx 806.7\ \Omega \).
2. Same current, so \( H \propto R \).
3. \( H_A:H_B = 484:806.7 = 3:5 \).

Teacher's Note:
1. For series connection use \( P = I^2R \).
2. The ratio of resistances is inverse to the ratio of the wattage ratings.

Question 3: The resistance of a conductor depends on:
(a) only the potential difference across its ends
(b) only the current flowing through it
(c) both the potential difference and the current
(d) neither the potential difference nor the current
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) neither the potential difference nor the current

Explanation:
1. \( R = \rho l/A \) depends on material, length, area and temperature.
2. \( V/I \) stays constant for an ohmic conductor, so R depends on neither V nor I.

Teacher's Note:
1. V and I change together, their ratio does not.

Question 4: An ammeter has 10 divisions between the marks 0 and 2 on its scale. Which reading can it NOT show?
(a) 0.2 A
(b) 1.0 A
(c) 1.8 A
(d) 1.9 A
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) 1.9 A

Explanation:
1. Least count = 2/10 = 0.2 A.
2. Readings are multiples of 0.2 A: 0.2, 1.0, 1.8 are possible.
3. 1.9 A is not a multiple of 0.2 A.

Teacher's Note:
1. Least count = range ÷ number of divisions.

Question 5: Which copper conductor has the least resistance?
(a) thin, long and hot
(b) thick, short and cool
(c) thick, long and hot
(d) thin, short and cool
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) thick, short and cool

Explanation:
1. R is smaller for larger area (thick), smaller length (short) and lower temperature (cool).

Teacher's Note:
1. Metals' resistance increases with temperature.

Question 6: Four 20 Ω resistors are connected in series across a 20 V source. The potential difference across any one resistor is:
(a) 5 V
(b) 2 V
(c) 4 V
(d) 20 V
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) 5 V

Explanation:
1. Total R = 80 Ω, \( I = 20/80 = 0.25 \) A.
2. Drop across one = 0.25 × 20 = 5 V.

Teacher's Note:
1. Equal resistors in series share the voltage equally.

Question 7: Which of the following relations is incorrect?
(a) 1 ampere × 1 second = 1 coulomb
(b) 1 coulomb × 1 joule = 1 volt
(c) 1 volt × 1 coulomb = 1 joule
(d) 1 volt × 1 ampere = 1 joule per second
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) 1 coulomb × 1 joule = 1 volt

Explanation:
1. \( q=It \) is correct.
2. \( V = W/q \), so 1 V = 1 J/C, not 1 C × 1 J.
3. \( W = qV \) and \( P = VI \) are correct.

Teacher's Note:
1. Check each statement through units.

Question 8: A power station produces electric power of 200 megawatt. The electrical energy produced daily is:
(a) 200 megawatt hour
(b) 4800 megawatt hour
(c) 4800 megawatt
(d) 4800 joule
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) 4800 megawatt hour

Explanation:
1. Energy = power × time = 200 MW × 24 h = 4800 MWh.

Teacher's Note:
1. Power is in watts, energy in watt hour or joule.

Question 9: A bulb is marked 100 W, 250 V. Its resistance is:
(a) 25000 Ω
(b) 625 Ω
(c) 25 Ω
(d) 2.5 Ω
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) 625 Ω

Explanation:
1. \( R = V^2/P = 250^2/100 = 625\ \Omega \).

Teacher's Note:
1. Use the rated V and P to find R.

Question 10: Three equal resistors connected in series across a source of emf dissipate 10 W. If the same resistors are connected in parallel across the same source, the power dissipated is:
(a) 90 W
(b) 80 W
(c) 70 W
(d) 75 W
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) 90 W

Explanation:
1. Series: \( P_s = V^2/(3R) = 10 \) W.
2. Parallel: \( R_p = R/3 \), so \( P_p = 3V^2/R \).
3. \( P_p/P_s = 9 \), so \( P_p = 90 \) W.

Teacher's Note:
1. Parallel combination of n equal resistors dissipates n² times the series power.

Question 11: The fuse wire used in house electrical circuits should be of:
(a) high resistance and high melting point
(b) low resistance and high melting point
(c) low resistance and low melting point
(d) high resistance and low melting point
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) high resistance and low melting point

Explanation:
1. A fuse is a deliberate weak link made of a tin-lead alloy.
2. High resistance gives strong heating, and low melting point makes it melt quickly at excess current.

Teacher's Note:
1. A fuse is always connected in series with the live wire.

Question 12: If the current through a resistor is increased by 100% and at the same time its resistance is reduced to 25% of the original, the power dissipated will:
(a) not change
(b) increase by 100%
(c) decrease by 400%
(d) increase by 400%
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) not change

Explanation:
1. \( P = I^2R \).
2. New \( P' = (2I)^2 \times (R/4) = 4I^2 R/4 = I^2R \).

Teacher's Note:
1. Apply the squares: current doubles, power gets 4 times, resistance gives 1/4.

Question 13: Of a 50 W, 220 V bulb and a 100 W, 220 V bulb, which glows brighter when (i) connected in series and (ii) connected in parallel?
(a) (i) 100 W bulb, (ii) 50 W bulb
(b) (i) 50 W bulb, (ii) 100 W bulb
(c) (i) both equally, (ii) 100 W bulb
(d) none of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) (i) 50 W bulb, (ii) 100 W bulb

Explanation:
1. The 50 W bulb has the larger resistance.
2. Series: same current, \( P = I^2R \), larger R is brighter, so the 50 W bulb.
3. Parallel: same voltage, \( P = V^2/R \), smaller R is brighter, so the 100 W bulb.

Teacher's Note:
1. Series favours high resistance, parallel favours low resistance.

Question 14: An ammeter can read up to 5 A and has twenty divisions between the marks 0 and 2 A on its scale. The least count of the ammeter is:
(a) 0.02 A
(b) 0.01 A
(c) 0.2 A
(d) 0.1 A
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) 0.1 A

Explanation:
1. Least count = 2 A ÷ 20 = 0.1 A.

Teacher's Note:
1. Use only the divisions between the two marks.

Question 15: The work done in carrying a charge of 2 µC from point A to point B is 6 × 10⁻⁴ J. The potential difference between A and B is:
(a) 600 V
(b) 500 V
(c) 300 V
(d) 100 V
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) 300 V

Explanation:
1. \( V = W/q = 6\times10^{-4}/(2\times10^{-6}) = 300 \) V.

Teacher's Note:
1. 1 µC = 10⁻⁶ C.

Question 16: A current of 0.2 A passes through a resistance of 20 Ω. The voltage applied at the ends of the resistance is:
(a) 40 V
(b) 20 V
(c) 10 V
(d) 4 V
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) 4 V

Explanation:
1. \( V = IR = 0.2\times20 = 4 \) V.

Teacher's Note:
1. Direct use of Ohm's law.

Question 17: Four resistors of 4 Ω each are connected in parallel. The resultant resistance is:
(a) 4 Ω
(b) 3 Ω
(c) 2 Ω
(d) 1 Ω
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) 1 Ω

Explanation:
1. \( 1/R = 4\times(1/4) = 1 \), so \( R = 1\ \Omega \).

Teacher's Note:
1. n equal resistors R in parallel give R/n.

Question 18: If the current flowing through a fixed resistor is halved, the heat produced in it becomes:
(a) double
(b) half
(c) one fourth
(d) four times
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) one fourth

Explanation:
1. \( H = I^2Rt \); with I halved, H becomes one fourth.

Teacher's Note:
1. Heat is proportional to the square of the current.

Question 19: Two electrodes are maintained at a potential difference of 100 V. An electron moving from the cathode to the anode gains kinetic energy:
(a) 160 × 10⁻¹⁹ erg
(b) 100 J
(c) 160 × 10⁻¹⁹ J
(d) 100 erg
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) 160 × 10⁻¹⁹ J

Explanation:
1. Gain in KE = eV = 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ × 100 = 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁷ J.
2. This is 160 × 10⁻¹⁹ J.

Teacher's Note:
1. 1 erg = 10⁻⁷ J, so the erg options are far too small.

Question 20: Three resistors, each of resistance R, form a triangle. The equivalent resistance between any two vertices is:
(a) 3R
(b) 2R
(c) R
(d) 2R/3
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) 2R/3

Explanation:
1. Between two vertices there are two paths: one resistor R and two resistors in series (2R).
2. \( R_{eq} = \dfrac{R\times2R}{R+2R} = \dfrac{2R}{3} \).

Teacher's Note:
1. The two paths are in parallel.

Question 21: An electric bulb rated 500 W at 100 V is used on a 200 V supply. The resistance that must be connected in series with the bulb so that it still draws 500 W is:
(a) 30 Ω
(b) 5 Ω
(c) 10 Ω
(d) 20 Ω
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) 20 Ω

Explanation:
1. Rated current \( I = P/V = 500/100 = 5 \) A.
2. Voltage to be dropped \( = 200-100 = 100 \) V.
3. \( R = 100/5 = 20\ \Omega \).

Teacher's Note:
1. Series resistor takes the extra voltage while carrying the rated current.

Question 22: A uniform wire of resistance 100 Ω is melted and recast into a uniform wire of double the length. The resistance of the new wire is:
(a) 200√2 Ω
(b) 800 Ω
(c) 200 Ω
(d) 400 Ω
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) 400 Ω

Explanation:
1. Volume constant: length ×2 means area ÷2.
2. \( R' = \rho(2l)/(A/2) = 4R = 400\ \Omega \).

Teacher's Note:
1. Recasting keeps volume, so area changes inversely to length.

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Download Chapter MCQs: Class 10 Physics Chapter 11 Electricity

Download Multiple Choice Questions: Chapter 11 Electricity (Class 10 Physics)

Review structured objective questions for Class 10 Physics Chapter 11 Electricity. Built according to official CBSE guidelines, these MCQ sets support daily revision and core concept reinforcement.

Concept Clarification for Chapter 11 Electricity

Each question includes structured solution keys mapped directly to standard CBSE textbooks, helping students evaluate their reasoning and correct mistakes early in their revision.

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FAQs

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