NEET Biology Excretory Products and their Elimination Notes

NEET Biology Study Guide: NEET Biology Excretory Products and their Elimination Notes

Access comprehensive study materials and useful resources for Excretory Products and their Elimination using the NEET Biology Excretory Products and their Elimination Notes. Designed to align with the 2026-27 NEET academic guidelines, these advanced resources help NEET Biology students reinforce core concepts beyond standard textbooks.

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Excretion is the removal of metabolic waste (mainly) from the body.
 
Faecal matter is undigested waste, and not metabolic waste, so it is not considered as excretory product.
The excretory wastes are of two types.
 
(1) Non-nitrogenous wastes−
 
• Carbon-di-oxide- It is removed through lungs (accessory excretory structure).
• Excess water and excess salts are removed through kidney (primary excretory structure).
 
(2) Nitrogenous wastes−
 
Such wastes are produced from the metabolism of proteins and nucleic acids.
 
(i) Ammonia (NH3)−
 
• The animals in which ammonia is the major excretory product are called Ammonotelics.
• Ammonia is about 1−lakh times more toxic than urea.
• Removal of ammonia requires plenty of water. It is, therefore, the excretory product in aquatic animals.
eg. protozoans, porifers, coelentrates, aquatic molluscs, aquatic crustaceans,
aquatic insects, platyhelminthes, protochordates, teleosts (bony fi shes) and aquatic amphibians.
In fi shes most of the Ammonia is lost as Ammonium ions (NH4 +) through the gills.The kidney in such animals plays a minor role in the excretion of Ammonia.
 
(ii) Urea −
 
• The animals in which urea is the major excretory product are called Ureotelics.
• Urea is less toxic and requires less water for elimination.
• Most of the amphibious animals, therefore, have urea as the major excretory product. eg Cartilaginous fi shes (marine), Amphibians (amphibious), Reptiles (amphibious, like turtle) and all mammals (aquatic, amphibious or terrestrial). Sharks also produce urea but retain a major part of it as osmolyte for maintaining osmolarity of their body fluid.
 
NEET Biology Excretory Products and their Elimination Notes

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