UP Board Solutions Class 9 English Chapter 8 Tenses Form and Uses

Solved Exercises Based On Text Book

Exercise 1

Question 1. Ram .................................... to school daily. (go)
Answer: goes
In simple words: The correct form of the verb 'go' for 'Ram' in the present simple tense is 'goes', indicating a daily habit.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to the subject-verb agreement and the tense indicated by adverbs like 'daily' for simple present tense questions.

Question 2. Geeta does not.... food. (cook)
Answer: cook
In simple words: The base form 'cook' is used after the auxiliary 'does not' in a simple present tense negative sentence.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that after 'do', 'does', or 'did', the main verb always remains in its base form.

Question 3. Your grandmother .................................... with the help of a stick. (walk)
Answer: walks
In simple words: The verb 'walk' is in its simple present form 'walks' to agree with the singular subject 'Your grandmother', describing a regular action.

🎯 Exam Tip: For singular subjects in simple present tense, add '-s' or '-es' to the base form of the verb.

Question 4. I never .................................... a lie. (tell)
Answer: tell
In simple words: The verb 'tell' is used in its base form with the subject 'I' in a simple present tense sentence, indicating a habitual action.

🎯 Exam Tip: With subjects like 'I', 'we', 'you', 'they', and plural nouns, the base form of the verb is used in the simple present tense.

Question 5. You always .................................... to school punctually. (go)
Answer: go
In simple words: The verb 'go' is in its base form with the subject 'You' in the simple present tense, expressing a routine.

🎯 Exam Tip: Adverbs of frequency like 'always' are often used with the simple present tense to describe habitual actions.

Question 6. Rashmi .................................... a melodious song. (sing)
Answer: sings
In simple words: 'Sings' is the correct simple present form of 'sing' for the singular subject 'Rashmi', indicating her ability or habit.

🎯 Exam Tip: Ensure subject-verb agreement; singular subjects take verbs ending in -s/-es in the simple present tense.

Question 7. The servant .................................... milk in the evening. (bring)
Answer: brings
In simple words: 'Brings' is the simple present tense form for the singular subject 'The servant', describing a regular action.

🎯 Exam Tip: Context clues like 'in the evening' can suggest a routine action, requiring the simple present tense.

Question 8. My watch does not .................................... good time. (keep)
Answer: keep
In simple words: The base form 'keep' is used after 'does not' for a negative simple present tense statement.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always use the base form of the verb after auxiliary verbs 'do', 'does', or 'did' in negative and interrogative sentences.

Question 9. Fire and water do not .................................... (agree)
Answer: agree
In simple words: The verb 'agree' is in its base form after 'do not' in a simple present tense sentence, expressing a general truth.

🎯 Exam Tip: Collective subjects joined by 'and' often take a plural verb unless they represent a single idea. Here, 'Fire and water' are distinct entities.

Question 10. Two and two .................................... four. (make)
Answer: make
In simple words: 'Make' is the plural form of the verb, used here for 'Two and two' to state a mathematical fact.

🎯 Exam Tip: For mathematical statements or general truths, the simple present tense is typically used. While 'makes' is also acceptable for mathematical sums, 'make' is common when treating 'two and two' as two separate entities combining.

Question 11. The cow .................................... us milk. (give)
Answer: gives
In simple words: The verb 'gives' is the correct simple present form for the singular subject 'The cow', stating a general fact.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember to add '-s' to the verb for singular subjects in the simple present tense when expressing facts or routines.

Question 12. Dogs .................................... at the night. (bark)
Answer: bark
In simple words: The verb 'bark' is in its base form because 'Dogs' is a plural subject in the simple present tense, describing a common habit.

🎯 Exam Tip: Plural subjects do not take an '-s' or '-es' ending on the verb in the simple present tense.

Question 13. Fortune .................................... the brave. (favour)
Answer: favours
In simple words: 'Favours' is the simple present form of 'favour' for the singular, abstract subject 'Fortune', expressing a well-known proverb.

🎯 Exam Tip: Proverbial truths and general statements always use the simple present tense, ensuring subject-verb agreement with singular subjects.

Question 14. Where do you .................................... these days?(live)
Answer: live
In simple words: The base form 'live' is used with the auxiliary 'do' and subject 'you' in this simple present interrogative sentence.

🎯 Exam Tip: In questions using 'do' or 'does', the main verb always reverts to its base form.

Question 15. The Haj Pilgrims .................................... for Macca. (sail)
Answer: sail
In simple words: The verb 'sail' is in its base form as 'The Haj Pilgrims' is a plural subject in this simple present tense sentence, indicating a customary journey.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always match the verb form with the number of the subject (singular or plural) in simple present tense sentences.

Exercise 2

Question 1. Does your father .................................... before breakfast? (shave)
Answer: shave
In simple words: The base form 'shave' is used after the auxiliary 'Does' in this interrogative simple present tense sentence.

🎯 Exam Tip: When 'do', 'does', or 'did' are used as auxiliary verbs in questions, the main verb always takes its base form.

Question 2. Who.................................... you History? (teach)
Answer: teach
In simple words: 'Teach' is used in its simple present form, agreeing with 'who' when it acts as a singular subject asking about a habitual action.

🎯 Exam Tip: In 'who' questions, if 'who' is the subject, the verb often follows the simple present tense form for a singular third person, but here, it acts as a general question asking about a subject and an object, making 'teach' appropriate.

Question 3. When do classes (begin)
Answer: begin
In simple words: The base form 'begin' is used after the auxiliary 'do' in this simple present interrogative sentence about a schedule.

🎯 Exam Tip: For scheduled events or routines, the simple present tense is used, and the base form follows 'do' or 'does' in questions.

Question 4. The milkman.................................... milk daily in the evening. (bring)
Answer: brings
In simple words: 'Brings' is the correct simple present form of 'bring' for the singular subject 'The milkman', indicating a daily routine.

🎯 Exam Tip: Adverbs like 'daily' clearly signal the use of the simple present tense for routine actions, requiring -s for singular subjects.

Question 5. The earth .................................... around the sun. (move)
Answer: moves
In simple words: 'Moves' is the simple present form of 'move' for the singular subject 'The earth', stating a scientific fact.

🎯 Exam Tip: Scientific facts and universal truths are always expressed using the simple present tense.

Question 6. Where d Where do you .................................... ....? (live)
Answer: live
In simple words: The base form 'live' is used with 'do' and 'you' in this simple present interrogative sentence about current residence.

🎯 Exam Tip: In 'Wh-' questions using 'do/does', the main verb should always be in its base form.

Question 7. Can you .................................... the names of planets? (mention)
Answer: mention
In simple words: The base form 'mention' is used after the modal auxiliary verb 'can' to ask about ability.

🎯 Exam Tip: All modal verbs (can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would) are followed by the base form of the main verb.

Question 8. My father always .................................... the newspaper in the morning. (read)
Answer: reads
In simple words: 'Reads' is the simple present form of 'read' for the singular subject 'My father', indicating a regular habit.

🎯 Exam Tip: The adverb 'always' strongly suggests the use of the simple present tense for habitual actions.

Question 9. Lata ..... ...for half an hour daily. (swim)
Answer: swims
In simple words: 'Swims' is the simple present form of 'swim' for the singular subject 'Lata', indicating a daily activity.

🎯 Exam Tip: 'Daily' is a key indicator for using the simple present tense to describe routine activities.

Question 10. Dogs .................................... at the strangers. (bark)
Answer: bark
In simple words: The base form 'bark' is used for the plural subject 'Dogs' in the simple present tense, describing a characteristic action.

🎯 Exam Tip: For plural subjects in the simple present tense, the verb remains in its base form without an -s/-es ending.

Question 11. We.......... practice tomorrow. (begin)
Answer: begin
In simple words: The base form 'begin' is used, implying a future action when combined with 'tomorrow', fitting the simple present tense for a scheduled event.

🎯 Exam Tip: The simple present tense can be used to talk about future events that are part of a fixed timetable or schedule.

Question 12. The sun.. .................................... in the east and .................................... in the west. (rise, set)
Answer: rises, sets
In simple words: 'Rises' and 'sets' are the simple present forms for the singular subject 'The sun', describing universal facts.

🎯 Exam Tip: Scientific phenomena and universal truths are always expressed in the simple present tense, with verbs agreeing with their singular subjects.

Question 13. The sun .................................... by day and the moon by night. (shine)
Answer: shines
In simple words: 'Shines' is the simple present form for the singular subject 'The sun', describing its natural action.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recognize common phrases like 'by day' that indicate habitual or continuous states, prompting the use of the simple present tense.

Question 14. All the trains .................................... here. (stop)
Answer: stop
In simple words: The base form 'stop' is used for the plural subject 'All the trains' in the simple present tense, indicating a regular occurrence.

🎯 Exam Tip: Ensure that the verb agrees with the plural subject by using its base form in the simple present tense.

Question 15. Rice .................................... 10 Rs. a kilo. (cost)
Answer: costs
In simple words: 'Costs' is the simple present form of 'cost' for the singular subject 'Rice', indicating its fixed price.

🎯 Exam Tip: When stating prices or general facts about items, use the simple present tense, ensuring subject-verb agreement.

Exercise 3

Question 1. They are.................................... a letter. (write)
Answer: writing
In simple words: 'Writing' is the present participle form of 'write', used with 'are' to form the present continuous tense, indicating an ongoing action.

🎯 Exam Tip: The structure for the present continuous tense is 'is/am/are' + verb-ing, used for actions happening at the moment of speaking.

Question 2. He is.................................... a book. (read)
Answer: reading
In simple words: 'Reading' is the present participle form, combined with 'is' to form the present continuous tense, indicating an action in progress.

🎯 Exam Tip: The present continuous tense is used to describe actions that are currently ongoing or happening around the present time.

Question 3. They are ....................................
Answer: going
In simple words: 'Going' is the present participle, implying they are in the process of moving somewhere, forming the present continuous tense.

🎯 Exam Tip: In some cases, the present continuous tense can indicate a future plan, especially with verbs of movement like 'go' and 'come'.

Question 4. You are not .................................... to your friend. (talk)
Answer: talking
In simple words: 'Talking' is the present participle, used with 'are not' to form the negative present continuous tense, meaning the action is not happening now.

🎯 Exam Tip: For negative sentences in the present continuous, the structure is 'is/am/are' + 'not' + verb-ing.

Question 5. Is she not .................................... in the sun? (sit)
Answer: sitting
In simple words: 'Sitting' is the present participle, used with 'Is' and 'not' to form a negative interrogative in the present continuous, asking about an ongoing action.

🎯 Exam Tip: In 'yes/no' questions in the present continuous, the auxiliary verb ('Is' here) comes before the subject.

Question 6. Your brother is .................................... in a factory. (work)
Answer: working
In simple words: 'Working' is the present participle, combined with 'is' to form the present continuous tense, indicating his current employment.

🎯 Exam Tip: The present continuous can also describe temporary situations or ongoing projects, not just actions happening at this exact moment.

Question 7. These children are not .................................... their home-work,they are.... the T.V. (do, watch)
Answer: doing, watching
In simple words: 'Doing' and 'watching' are present participles used to describe ongoing actions, indicating what the children are not doing and what they are doing simultaneously.

🎯 Exam Tip: When multiple actions are happening concurrently or not happening, use appropriate present participle forms for each verb with the correct auxiliary.

Question 8. The farmer is not only .................................... the field but also but also seeds. (plough, sow)
Answer: ploughing, sowing
In simple words: 'Ploughing' and 'sowing' are present participles, used to describe ongoing agricultural activities performed by the farmer.

🎯 Exam Tip: Parallel structures often require consistent verb forms; here, both verbs are in the -ing form as they are ongoing activities.

Question 9. I am .................................... at a problem in Physics. (work)
Answer: working
In simple words: 'Working' is the present participle, used with 'am' to form the present continuous tense, indicating an ongoing effort to solve a problem.

🎯 Exam Tip: The present continuous is ideal for expressing actions or situations that are in progress and not yet completed.

Question 10. A meeting is.................................... on in the hall. (go)
Answer: going
In simple words: 'Going' is the present participle, used with 'is' to form the present continuous tense, indicating that the meeting is currently taking place.

🎯 Exam Tip: The phrase 'going on' is commonly used to mean 'happening' or 'taking place' in the present continuous tense.

Question 11. The peon is .................................... the bell. (ring)
Answer: ringing
In simple words: 'Ringing' is the present participle, used with 'is' to form the present continuous tense, showing an action happening at the moment.

🎯 Exam Tip: Actions occurring right now are typically described using the present continuous tense (subject + is/am/are + verb-ing).

Question 12. The sun is.................................... in the east. (rise)
Answer: rising
In simple words: 'Rising' is the present participle, used with 'is' to form the present continuous tense, indicating the ongoing process of sunrise.

🎯 Exam Tip: While 'rises' is for general truth, 'is rising' emphasizes the ongoing nature of the event at a particular time.

Question 13. Why are you not .................................... English to your students? (teach)
Answer: teaching
In simple words: 'Teaching' is the present participle, used with 'are not' in an interrogative form to ask about an ongoing action not being performed.

🎯 Exam Tip: In 'Wh-' questions in the present continuous, the 'Wh-' word comes first, followed by 'is/am/are', then the subject, then the -ing verb.

Question 14. A cat is .................................... after the rats. (run)
Answer: running
In simple words: 'Running' is the present participle, used with 'is' to form the present continuous tense, indicating an action currently in progress.

🎯 Exam Tip: Double the final consonant (run -> running) for verbs ending in a single consonant preceded by a single vowel when adding -ing.

Question 15. Are the boys .................................... a noise in the class? (make)
Answer: making
In simple words: 'Making' is the present participle, used with 'Are' in an interrogative sentence to ask if the action is currently happening.

🎯 Exam Tip: Drop the final 'e' before adding '-ing' to verbs that end in 'e' (e.g., make -> making, drive -> driving).

Question 16. The girls are not .................................... with the dolls. (play)
Answer: playing
In simple words: 'Playing' is the present participle, used with 'are not' to indicate that the action is not currently taking place.

🎯 Exam Tip: The present continuous tense is versatile and can be used for actions happening now, temporary situations, or even future plans.

Question 17. My mother is .................................... food for us. (cook)
Answer: cooking
In simple words: 'Cooking' is the present participle, used with 'is' to form the present continuous tense, indicating an action currently in progress.

🎯 Exam Tip: This tense emphasizes that an action is incomplete and in the middle of happening at the time of speaking.

Question 18. The washerman is not.................................... the clothes properly. (wash)
Answer: washing
In simple words: 'Washing' is the present participle, used with 'is not' to form a negative present continuous sentence, meaning the action is not occurring.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to the negative auxiliary verb 'is not' which signals that the ongoing action is being denied.

Question 19. The carpenter is .................................... a beautiful table. (make)
Answer: making
In simple words: 'Making' is the present participle, used with 'is' to form the present continuous tense, describing an ongoing creative process.

🎯 Exam Tip: Verbs like 'make' describing creation often appear in the continuous tense when the creation is in progress.

Question 20. Your grandmother is .................................... stories. (tell)
Answer: telling
In simple words: 'Telling' is the present participle, used with 'is' to form the present continuous tense, indicating an ongoing narrative.

🎯 Exam Tip: The present continuous highlights the immediate and temporary nature of an action, such as telling stories at a specific time.

Exercise 4

Question 1. Mr. Sharma has .................................... in this house since 1995. (live)
Answer: lived
In simple words: 'Lived' is the past participle, used with 'has' to form the present perfect tense, indicating an action that started in the past and continues to the present.

🎯 Exam Tip: The phrase 'since [year]' is a strong indicator for using the present perfect tense or present perfect continuous tense.

Question 2. The M.L.A. has not .................................... Our village since the last election.(visit)
Answer: visited
In simple words: 'Visited' is the past participle, used with 'has not' to form the negative present perfect tense, meaning the action has not occurred up to now.

🎯 Exam Tip: 'Since [event]' also indicates a starting point for a period leading up to the present, making the present perfect tense suitable.

Question 3. The farmers have .................................... to their fields. (go)
Answer: gone
In simple words: 'Gone' is the past participle of 'go', used with 'have' to form the present perfect tense, indicating that they went and are still away.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the distinction between 'has/have gone' (meaning someone is currently away) and 'has/have been' (meaning someone went and returned).

Question 4. Reeta has..... a car. (buy)
Answer: bought
In simple words: 'Bought' is the past participle of 'buy', used with 'has' to form the present perfect tense, indicating a completed action with a present result (she owns the car now).

🎯 Exam Tip: The present perfect tense is used for actions completed in the past but having a connection or consequence in the present.

Question 5. I do not want to see the movie as I.......... already .................................... yesterday. (see) it
Answer: have, seen
In simple words: 'Have seen' is the present perfect tense, indicating a completed action ('seeing the movie') at an unspecified time before now, which is relevant to the present decision of not wanting to see it again. The inclusion of 'yesterday' makes it a specific past time, which usually conflicts with Present Perfect, but following the answer key, 'have seen' is the expected fill.

🎯 Exam Tip: While 'already' often signals present perfect, typically specific past time markers like 'yesterday' are used with simple past. However, always adhere to the provided answer key in exams.

Question 6. I have .................................... in this firm since 1985.(serve)
Answer: served
In simple words: 'Served' is the past participle, used with 'have' to form the present perfect tense, indicating an action that began in the past and continues to the present.

🎯 Exam Tip: 'Since' + a point in time (like a year) is a classic indicator for using either the present perfect or present perfect continuous tense.

Question 7. Have you ever. .................................... a white elephant? (see)
Answer: seen
In simple words: 'Seen' is the past participle, used with 'Have' to form a present perfect interrogative sentence, asking about an experience at any time up to now.

🎯 Exam Tip: 'Ever' is frequently used in present perfect questions to inquire about life experiences.

Question 8. We have not... .................................... a holiday for five years. (have)
Answer: had
In simple words: 'Had' is the past participle of 'have', used with 'have not' to form the negative present perfect tense, indicating that an action has not occurred over a period.

🎯 Exam Tip: 'For [duration]' is another key phrase that often indicates the use of the present perfect or present perfect continuous tense.

Question 9. Have you ever .................................... by sea? (travel)
Answer: travelled
In simple words: 'Travelled' is the past participle, used with 'Have' to form a present perfect interrogative, asking about past experiences.

🎯 Exam Tip: In British English, 'travelled' (with double 'l') is common, while in American English, 'traveled' (single 'l') is used. Be consistent with the style.

Question 10. The sun has .................................... in the east. (rise)
Answer: risen
In simple words: 'Risen' is the past participle of 'rise', used with 'has' to form the present perfect tense, referring to an event that just happened and has a present result (it's morning now).

🎯 Exam Tip: Be careful with irregular verbs; 'rise-rose-risen' is an important set to remember for perfect tenses.

Question 11. The train has just .................................... (depart)
Answer: departed
In simple words: 'Departed' is the past participle, used with 'has' to form the present perfect tense, indicating an action that happened very recently.

🎯 Exam Tip: 'Just' is a common adverb used with the present perfect to indicate that an action happened a very short time ago.

Question 12. He has .................................... his breakfast just now. (have)
Answer: had
In simple words: 'Had' is the past participle of 'have' (meaning 'to eat'), used with 'has' to form the present perfect tense, implying the recent completion of eating.

🎯 Exam Tip: The phrase 'just now' can be used with both simple past and present perfect, but with present perfect, it emphasizes the immediate relevance to the present.

Question 13. The teacher has .................................... us since morning. (teach)
Answer: taught
In simple words: 'Taught' is the past participle of 'teach', used with 'has' to form the present perfect tense, indicating an action that started in the past and continues up to the present.

🎯 Exam Tip: Irregular verb forms like 'teach-taught-taught' are crucial for accurate perfect tense constructions.

Question 14. We...............not .................................... these books for two hours. (read)
Answer: have, read
In simple words: 'Have read' is the present perfect tense, indicating an action that started in the past and continues to the present, or a completed action within a time frame up to now.

🎯 Exam Tip: For negative sentences in the present perfect, place 'not' between the auxiliary 'have/has' and the past participle.

Question 15. You........not...your home-work today. (do)
Answer: have, done.
In simple words: 'Have done' is the present perfect tense, indicating that the action of doing homework has not been completed at any point today up to the present moment.

🎯 Exam Tip: 'Today' can refer to a period that is still ongoing, making the present perfect tense suitable to describe actions completed or not completed within that period.

Exercise 5

Question 1. Ι.... .................................... you for two hours. (teach)
Answer: have been teaching
In simple words: 'Have been teaching' is the present perfect continuous tense, showing an action that started two hours ago and is still ongoing.

🎯 Exam Tip: The present perfect continuous tense focuses on the duration of an action that began in the past and is still continuing into the present.

Question 2. They .................................... the fields since morning. (plough)
Answer: have been ploughing
In simple words: 'Have been ploughing' is the present perfect continuous tense, indicating an action that began in the morning and is still in progress.

🎯 Exam Tip: 'Since morning' is a clear time marker indicating the start of an action that continues up to the present, perfect for the present perfect continuous.

Question 3. Radha...... .................................... a song for ten minutes. (sing)
Answer: has been singing
In simple words: 'Has been singing' is the present perfect continuous tense, showing that Radha started singing ten minutes ago and is still doing so.

🎯 Exam Tip: 'For [duration]' indicates the length of time an action has been ongoing, making the present perfect continuous tense appropriate.

Question 4. Our college team. .................................... the shield for three years. (win)
Answer: has been wining
In simple words: 'Has been wining' (should be 'winning') is the present perfect continuous tense, indicating that the team has been continuously successful in winning the shield over three years.

🎯 Exam Tip: Be careful with spelling for verbs ending in a single vowel + consonant before adding -ing (e.g., win -> winning, not wining). However, follow the provided answer verbatim.

Question 5. You...... .................................... your time all along. (waste)
Answer: have been wasting
In simple words: 'Have been wasting' is the present perfect continuous tense, indicating a continuous action of wasting time that started in the past and extends to the present.

🎯 Exam Tip: The phrase 'all along' emphasizes the continuous nature of an action over a period, aligning well with the present perfect continuous tense.

Question 6. Mukesh .................................... in Delhi since 1990. (live)
Answer: has been living
In simple words: 'Has been living' is the present perfect continuous tense, indicating that Mukesh started living in Delhi in 1990 and still lives there.

🎯 Exam Tip: For verbs like 'live', 'work', and 'study', both present perfect and present perfect continuous can be used to describe actions that started in the past and continue to the present, often interchangeably.

Question 7. The servant .................................... on the floor for half an hour. (sleep)
Answer: has been sleeping
In simple words: 'Has been sleeping' is the present perfect continuous tense, indicating that the servant started sleeping half an hour ago and is still asleep.

🎯 Exam Tip: This tense highlights the duration of a continuous action that started in the past and has not yet stopped.

Question 8. The child .................................... for a long time. (cry)
Answer: has been crying
In simple words: 'Has been crying' is the present perfect continuous tense, showing that the child started crying a long time ago and is still crying.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use this tense to show the cause of a present situation, e.g., 'The child's eyes are red because he has been crying.'

Question 9. Vinod .................................... in films for ten years. (act)
Answer: has been acting
In simple words: 'Has been acting' is the present perfect continuous tense, indicating Vinod started acting ten years ago and is still active in films.

🎯 Exam Tip: This tense is effective for expressing professions or activities that have been continuously pursued over a period of time up to the present.

Question 10. The hunter .................................... the deer for two hours. (chase)
Answer: has been chasing.
In simple words: 'Has been chasing' is the present perfect continuous tense, indicating that the hunter started chasing two hours ago and is still doing so.

🎯 Exam Tip: The present perfect continuous emphasizes the ongoing nature and duration of an action, especially when a period of time (like 'for two hours') is specified.

Exercise 6

Question 1. Rakesh..... .................................... to the market. (go)
Answer: went
In simple words: 'Went' is the simple past form of 'go', indicating a completed action in the past.

🎯 Exam Tip: The simple past tense is used for actions that started and finished at a specific point in the past, even if that point isn't explicitly stated.

Question 2. The sun .................................... brightly today. (shine)
Answer: shone
In simple words: 'Shone' is the simple past form of 'shine', indicating that the sun's brightness was a completed event today.

🎯 Exam Tip: Be mindful of irregular verbs like 'shine-shone-shone' when forming the simple past tense.

Question 3. You .................................... teach me yesterday. (do not)
Answer: did not
In simple words: 'Did not' is the auxiliary verb used for negative statements in the simple past tense, followed by the base form of the main verb 'teach'.

🎯 Exam Tip: 'Yesterday' is a strong time marker for the simple past tense. For negatives, always use 'did not' + base verb.

Question 4. Akbar .................................... wisely. (rule)
Answer: ruled
In simple words: 'Ruled' is the simple past form of 'rule', indicating a completed action in the past by a historical figure.

🎯 Exam Tip: Historical events or actions of past figures are typically described using the simple past tense.

Question 5. The child.. .................................... his hand with a knife. (cut)
Answer: cut
In simple words: 'Cut' is the simple past form of 'cut' (an irregular verb with the same form for present, past, and past participle), indicating a completed action.

🎯 Exam Tip: Memorize irregular verbs that have the same form for past simple and past participle, such as 'cut', 'put', 'hit'.

Question 6. The little bird. .................................... about and sang. (hop)
Answer: hopped
In simple words: 'Hopped' is the simple past form of 'hop', describing a completed action of the bird.

🎯 Exam Tip: For verbs ending in a consonant-vowel-consonant pattern, double the final consonant before adding '-ed' for the simple past (e.g., hop -> hopped, stop -> stopped).

Question 7. Yesterday Mohan... .................................... and .................................... you. (come, help)
Answer: came, helped
In simple words: 'Came' and 'helped' are the simple past forms of 'come' and 'help', describing two completed actions Mohan performed yesterday.

🎯 Exam Tip: When listing multiple past actions, ensure all verbs are in the simple past tense for consistency.

Question 8. Rana Pratap .................................... the army again and... .................................... the Mughal Emperor. (collect, defeat)
Answer: collected, defeated
In simple words: 'Collected' and 'defeated' are the simple past forms of 'collect' and 'defeat', describing two completed historical actions.

🎯 Exam Tip: Historical narratives rely heavily on the simple past tense to recount sequential and completed events.

Question 9. Indira Gandhi was .................................... in 1984. (kill)
Answer: killed
In simple words: 'Killed' is the simple past form, used here in the passive voice ('was killed') to describe a completed event in a specific past year.

🎯 Exam Tip: Specific past years (e.g., 'in 1984') are definite time markers that always require the simple past tense.

Question 10. He....... .................................... back to India in 1973. (come)
Answer: came
In simple words: 'Came' is the simple past form of 'come', indicating a completed action in a specific past year.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always use the simple past for actions completed at a definite time in the past, even if the action is part of a longer historical event.

Question 11. Who............ .................................... such an insulting letter? (write)
Answer: wrote
In simple words: 'Wrote' is the simple past form of 'write', used to inquire about the person who performed a completed action in the past.

🎯 Exam Tip: In 'who' questions where 'who' is the subject and the action is completed, the verb should be in the simple past tense.

Question 12. Did you .................................... the servant last night? (call)
Answer: call
In simple words: 'Call' is the base form of the verb, used after the auxiliary 'Did' in an interrogative simple past tense sentence.

🎯 Exam Tip: 'Last night' is a clear simple past time indicator. Remember, after 'did' (positive or negative), the main verb is always in its base form.

Question 13. Where did you .................................... this book? (find)
Answer: find
In simple words: 'Find' is the base form of the verb, used after the auxiliary 'did' in this simple past interrogative sentence.

🎯 Exam Tip: For 'Wh-' questions in the simple past, the structure is 'Wh-word + did + subject + base form of verb'.

Question 14. Did he .................................... his purse in the market? (lose)
Answer: lose
In simple words: 'Lose' is the base form of the verb, used after the auxiliary 'Did' in an interrogative simple past tense sentence.

🎯 Exam Tip: Maintain the base form of the verb when using 'did' for questions or negative statements in the simple past.

Question 15. She .................................... me a good present on my birthday. (give)
Answer: gave.
In simple words: 'Gave' is the simple past form of 'give', indicating a completed action that occurred on a specific past occasion.

🎯 Exam Tip: 'On my birthday' functions as a specific past time marker, necessitating the simple past tense.

Exercise 7

Question 1. At 8 a.m. Ram .................................... his breakfast. (eat)
Answer: was eating
In simple words: 'Was eating' is the past continuous tense, indicating an action that was in progress at a specific time in the past (8 a.m.).

🎯 Exam Tip: The past continuous tense is used for actions ongoing at a particular moment in the past, or for background actions to a main event.

Question 2. When I saw Radha, she .................................... tea. (make)
Answer: was making
In simple words: 'Was making' is the past continuous tense, describing an action that was in progress when another action (I saw Radha) interrupted it or occurred simultaneously.

🎯 Exam Tip: This sentence structure, with 'when' or 'while', often juxtaposes a simple past action with a past continuous action.

Question 3. I .................................... when my friend called upon me. (sleep)
Answer: was sleeping
In simple words: 'Was sleeping' is the past continuous tense, indicating an action that was in progress when another action (my friend called) took place.

🎯 Exam Tip: The past continuous highlights the longer, ongoing action, while the simple past denotes the shorter, interrupting action.

Question 4. My sister .................................... the sums. (solve)
Answer: was solving
In simple words: 'Was solving' is the past continuous tense, indicating that the action of solving sums was ongoing at some point in the past.

🎯 Exam Tip: The past continuous can describe an action that was happening over a period in the past, without a specific interruption.

Question 5. Which boy .................................... you yesterday? (accompany)
Answer: was accompanying
In simple words: 'Was accompanying' is the past continuous tense, used here to inquire about an action that was ongoing with 'you' yesterday.

🎯 Exam Tip: In 'Wh-' questions using past continuous, the 'Wh-' word usually comes first, followed by 'was/were', then the subject, then the -ing verb.

Question 6. Who .................................... you at the gate? (call)
Answer: was calling
In simple words: 'Was calling' is the past continuous tense, inquiring about an action that was in progress at the gate.

🎯 Exam Tip: When 'who' is the subject of a past continuous question, it takes a singular verb ('was') unless context clearly implies plural.

Question 7. That is the boy whom I .................................... about. (talk)
Answer: was talking
In simple words: 'Was talking' is the past continuous tense, indicating an action that was ongoing in the past and is now being referred to.

🎯 Exam Tip: The past continuous often provides background information for a narrative or an explanation.

Question 8. It .................................... yesterday. (rain)
Answer: was raining
In simple words: 'Was raining' is the past continuous tense, indicating that the action of raining was ongoing for some duration yesterday.

🎯 Exam Tip: The past continuous is commonly used to describe weather conditions that were in progress at a past time.

Question 9. Was he .................................... to you yesterday? (talk)
Answer: talking
In simple words: 'Talking' is the present participle, used with 'Was' to form an interrogative sentence in the past continuous tense, asking if the action was ongoing.

🎯 Exam Tip: In 'yes/no' questions for the past continuous, 'Was/Were' comes before the subject, followed by the -ing form of the verb.

Question 10. You .................................... in the river yesterday. (swim)
Answer: were swimming
In simple words: 'Were swimming' is the past continuous tense, indicating that the action of swimming was ongoing for a period yesterday.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember to use 'were' with plural subjects like 'You' (when referring to multiple people) and 'They' in the past continuous tense.

Question 11. We. .................................... .not .................................... football yesterday. (play)
Answer: were, playing
In simple words: 'Were playing' is the past continuous tense, indicating an action that was ongoing yesterday. The split verb indicates a negative continuous action.

🎯 Exam Tip: For negative past continuous, the structure is 'was/were + not + verb-ing'.

Question 12. Rakesh...... .................................... .not .................................... flowers. (pluck)
Answer: was, plucking
In simple words: 'Was plucking' is the past continuous tense, indicating an action that was ongoing. The split verb indicates a negative continuous action.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify the subject ('Rakesh' is singular) to choose 'was' over 'were' for the past continuous tense.

Question 13. Was the teacher not .................................... Hindi in the class? (tecch)
Answer: teaching
In simple words: 'Teaching' is the present participle, used with 'Was not' in a negative interrogative sentence in the past continuous, asking about an ongoing action.

🎯 Exam Tip: Ensure correct spelling: the verb is 'teach', so its -ing form is 'teaching', not 'tecching'.

Question 14. They. .................................... in the field. (jump)
Answer: were jumping
In simple words: 'Were jumping' is the past continuous tense, indicating that the action of jumping was ongoing in the field.

🎯 Exam Tip: For plural subjects like 'They', use 'were' in the past continuous tense.

Question 15. He........... .................................... his clothes. (wash)
Answer: was washing.
In simple words: 'Was washing' is the past continuous tense, indicating that the action of washing clothes was in progress.

🎯 Exam Tip: The past continuous tense sets a scene or describes an activity that was happening over a period in the past.

Exercise 8

Question 1. Ram .................................... the sums before the teacher came. (solve)
Answer: had solved
In simple words: 'Had solved' is the past perfect tense, indicating an action that was completed before another past action (the teacher came).

🎯 Exam Tip: The past perfect tense is crucial for showing the sequence of two past events, where one happened before the other.

Question 2. He. .................................... a book. (read)
Answer: had read
In simple words: 'Had read' is the past perfect tense, indicating that the action of reading was completed at some point before a specific (implied) past moment.

🎯 Exam Tip: The past perfect uses 'had' + past participle, and the past participle of 'read' is 'read' (same spelling, different pronunciation). Context will clarify the specific past moment.

Question 3. You............. .................................... your work before the sun set. (finish)
Answer: had finished
In simple words: 'Had finished' is the past perfect tense, indicating that your work was completed prior to another past event (the sun set).

🎯 Exam Tip: 'Before' is a key conjunction that often signals the use of the past perfect tense for the earlier action.

Question 4. My friend told me that Raja ...... .................................... (pass)
Answer: had passed
In simple words: 'Had passed' is the past perfect tense, indicating that Raja's passing happened before my friend told me, showing a sequence of past events.

🎯 Exam Tip: In reported speech, if the original statement was in the simple past, it often shifts to past perfect in reported form if referring to an earlier action.

Question 5. I had never .................................... such a tall man before. (see)
Answer: had seen
In simple words: 'Had seen' is the past perfect tense, indicating that up to a certain point in the past, I had never experienced seeing such a tall man.

🎯 Exam Tip: 'Never' and 'before' are common adverbs used with the past perfect to describe experiences prior to a specific past moment.

Question 6. He told me that he .................................... the work. (complete)
Answer: had completed
In simple words: 'Had completed' is the past perfect tense, indicating that his completion of work happened before he told me.

🎯 Exam Tip: When reporting past events that occurred even earlier than the reporting verb (e.g., 'told'), the past perfect is frequently used.

Question 7.When I reached the theatre, the picture .................................... already. (begin)
Answer: had, begun
In simple words: 'Had begun' is the past perfect tense, indicating that the movie started before I arrived at the theatre.

🎯 Exam Tip: 'Already' is a useful adverb to emphasize that an action was completed before a specific past point in time, pairing well with past perfect.

Question 8. The patients. .................................... after the doctor (die, go)
Answer: had died, went there
In simple words: 'Had died' (past perfect) indicates the patients died before the doctor went there (simple past), clearly showing the sequence of events.

🎯 Exam Tip: 'After' is a conjunction that helps establish a clear timeline for events in the past, often with past perfect for the first event and simple past for the second.

Question 9. The police........... .................................... .there after the bus ...........(reach, burn)
Answer: had reached, burnt
In simple words: 'Had reached' (past perfect) indicates the police arrived before the bus burnt (simple past), showing a clear sequence of events.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay close attention to irregular verb forms like 'burn-burnt-burnt' or 'burn-burned-burned' when using the past participle.

Question 10. The boys .................................... away before the time over. (run, be) .
Answer: had run, was.
In simple words: 'Had run' (past perfect) indicates the boys fled before the time was over (simple past), establishing a clear order of events.

🎯 Exam Tip: The past perfect is essential for clarifying which of two past actions happened first, especially with conjunctions like 'before' and 'after'.

Exercise 9

Question 1. He............... .................................... in this college since July 1990. (teach)
Answer: had been teaching
In simple words: 'Had been teaching' is the past perfect continuous tense, indicating an action that started in the past and continued up to a certain point in the past.

🎯 Exam Tip: The past perfect continuous emphasizes the duration of an action that was ongoing before another past event or time.

Question 2. The mother .................................... food since 7 a.m. (cook)
Answer: had been cooking
In simple words: 'Had been cooking' is the past perfect continuous tense, indicating that the action of cooking started at 7 a.m. and continued up to some point later in the past.

🎯 Exam Tip: 'Since [time]' or 'for [duration]' are strong indicators for continuous perfect tenses, depending on whether the action continues to the present or stopped before a past point.

Question 3. The peon .................................... the bell for 5 minutes.(ring)
Answer: had been ringing
In simple words: 'Had been ringing' is the past perfect continuous tense, showing that the peon's action of ringing the bell was ongoing for 5 minutes before another past event.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use the past perfect continuous when you want to highlight the duration of an activity that preceded another past activity.

Question 4. The boys.. .................................... not. .................................... cricket for two hours. (play)
Answer: had been playing
In simple words: 'Had been playing' is the past perfect continuous tense, indicating an action that was ongoing for two hours leading up to a point in the past.

🎯 Exam Tip: For negative statements in the past perfect continuous, place 'not' after 'had' (e.g., 'had not been playing').

Question 5. The boys .................................... not in the river since morning. (bathe)
Answer: had been bathing
In simple words: 'Had been bathing' is the past perfect continuous tense, indicating that the action of bathing was not ongoing since morning up to a specific past point.

🎯 Exam Tip: The past perfect continuous is suitable for continuous actions that ceased or were interrupted at a definite past time.

Question 6. This film had. .................................... for 100 days. (run)
Answer: had been running
In simple words: 'Had been running' is the past perfect continuous tense, showing that the film's run was ongoing for 100 days prior to some past reference point.

🎯 Exam Tip: The past perfect continuous is often used with verbs like 'run' (in the sense of a film's screening) to emphasize duration.

Question 7.The farmers........ .................................... the field since yesterday. (plough)
Answer: had been ploughing
In simple words: 'Had been ploughing' is the past perfect continuous tense, indicating that the farmers' work started yesterday and continued up to a specific past moment.

🎯 Exam Tip: 'Since yesterday' clearly sets a starting point in the past for an action that continued for some time before another past event.

Question 8. The washerman .................................... Washing clothes since morning. (wash)
Answer: had been washing
In simple words: 'Had been washing' is the past perfect continuous tense, indicating that the action of washing clothes started in the morning and continued until a specific past time.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use past perfect continuous to describe the cause of a past situation, e.g., 'The clothes were clean because he had been washing them.'

Question 9. When you called me, I .................................... a book. (read) .
Answer: had been reading
In simple words: 'Had been reading' is the past perfect continuous tense, indicating that the action of reading was ongoing when the call happened in the past.

🎯 Exam Tip: This tense is effective for expressing a longer, ongoing past action that was interrupted or referred to by a shorter, simple past action.

Question 10.I .................................... for the test since yesterday. (prepare)
Answer: had been preparing.
In simple words: 'Had been preparing' is the past perfect continuous tense, showing that the preparation for the test started yesterday and continued up to a specific point in the past.

🎯 Exam Tip: This tense highlights the continuous effort and duration of an activity leading up to a past deadline or event.

Exercise 10

Question 1. Rekha .................................... for Delhi tomorrow. (start)
Answer: will start
In simple words: 'Will start' is the future indefinite tense, indicating a definite action that will happen tomorrow.

🎯 Exam Tip: 'Tomorrow' is a clear time indicator for future tenses. The simple future (will + base verb) is used for predictions, spontaneous decisions, and definite future plans.

Question 2. ....................................this book tomorrow. (finish)
Answer: shall finish
In simple words: 'Shall finish' is the future indefinite tense, expressing an intention or a definite action that will be completed tomorrow.

🎯 Exam Tip: 'Shall' is traditionally used with 'I' and 'we' for future actions, promises, or suggestions, though 'will' is now more commonly accepted for all subjects.

Question 3. The postman. .................................... soon. (come)
Answer: will come
In simple words: 'Will come' is the future indefinite tense, indicating an action that is expected to happen in the near future.

🎯 Exam Tip: 'Soon' is an adverb that suggests an action will occur in the immediate future, making the simple future tense appropriate.

Question 4. If you work hard, you.... definitely .................................... (succeed)
Answer: will succeed
In simple words: 'Will succeed' is the future indefinite tense, expressing a certain outcome based on a condition (working hard).

🎯 Exam Tip: This is a First Conditional sentence: 'If + simple present, then simple future' is used for real and possible situations.

Question 5. I.......... .................................... a letter to him next day. (write)
Answer: shall write
In simple words: 'Shall write' is the future indefinite tense, indicating an action that I intend to perform on the next day.

🎯 Exam Tip: 'Next day' points to a future time, making the simple future tense suitable for planned or intended actions.

Question 6. If she comes here, I.. .................................... her.(meet)
Answer: shall meet
In simple words: 'Shall meet' is the future indefinite tense, expressing an action that will happen as a direct result of a conditional event (if she comes).

🎯 Exam Tip: This is another First Conditional structure: the 'if' clause is in the simple present, and the main clause is in the simple future.

Question 7. She.............not .................................... her classes tomorrow. (attend)
Answer: will attend
In simple words: 'Will attend' is the future indefinite tense, indicating a future action that is expected to happen, expressed in the negative.

🎯 Exam Tip: For negative future indefinite, the structure is 'will + not + base verb' (or 'won't + base verb').

Question 8. .................................... for Agra on Sunday... (start)
Answer: Will start
In simple words: 'Will start' is the future indefinite tense, indicating a planned or scheduled action for Sunday.

🎯 Exam Tip: Specific days in the future (e.g., 'on Sunday') are strong indicators for using future tenses to describe scheduled events.

Question 9. I .................................... for Mumbai day after tomorrow. (leave)
Answer: shall leave
In simple words: 'Shall leave' is the future indefinite tense, expressing an intention or plan to depart for Mumbai on a specific future day.

🎯 Exam Tip: 'Day after tomorrow' provides a clear future time frame, making the simple future tense appropriate for expressing a plan.

Question 10. She .................................... here after a day. (come)
Answer: will come.
In simple words: 'Will come' is the future indefinite tense, indicating a future action that is expected to happen after a day.

🎯 Exam Tip: Simple future is versatile for expressing predictions, intentions, or future facts without emphasizing duration or completion.

Exercise 11

Question 1. I shall be .................................... a newspaper. (read)
Answer: reading
In simple words: 'Reading' completes the future continuous tense 'shall be reading', indicating an action that will be in progress at a specific time in the future.

🎯 Exam Tip: The future continuous tense (will/shall + be + verb-ing) describes actions that will be ongoing at a particular point in the future.

Question 2. I shall be .................................... chess with my father. (play)
Answer: playing
In simple words: 'Playing' completes the future continuous tense 'shall be playing', indicating an action that will be in progress in the future.

🎯 Exam Tip: This tense can also be used to talk about future arrangements or actions that are expected to happen as part of a routine.

Question 3. They will be .................................... to Aligarh with Ram (go)
Answer: going
In simple words: 'Going' completes the future continuous tense 'will be going', indicating a planned or expected journey in the future.

🎯 Exam Tip: The future continuous can describe activities that are already planned or are definitely happening in the future, often replacing 'going to'.

Question 4. Mohan will not be .................................... a melodious song. (sing)
Answer: singing
In simple words: 'Singing' completes the negative future continuous tense 'will not be singing', indicating an action that will not be in progress in the future.

🎯 Exam Tip: For negative statements in the future continuous, the 'not' is placed between 'will/shall' and 'be' (e.g., will not be singing).

Question 5. We shall be........... .................................... Tagore's 'Gitanjali'. (read)
Answer: reading
In simple words: 'Reading' completes the future continuous tense 'shall be reading', indicating an action that will be ongoing in the future.

🎯 Exam Tip: This tense can be used to ask or talk about what will be happening at a specific time in the future, often setting a scene.

Question 6. Your sister will be.......... .................................... food. (cook)
Answer: cooking
In simple words: 'Cooking' completes the future continuous tense 'will be cooking', indicating that the action of cooking will be in progress at a future time.

🎯 Exam Tip: The future continuous emphasizes the ongoing nature of an action rather than its completion or result.

Question 7. Will the boys not be .................................... a noise in the class? (make)
Answer: making
In simple words: 'Making' completes the negative interrogative future continuous tense 'Will the boys not be making', asking about a future ongoing action.

🎯 Exam Tip: For interrogative sentences, the auxiliary 'Will/Shall' starts the question, followed by the subject, then 'not' (if negative), then 'be', then the -ing form.

Question 8. The birds will not be .................................... in the sky. (fly)
Answer: flying
In simple words: 'Flying' completes the negative future continuous tense 'will not be flying', indicating that the action will not be in progress in the future.

🎯 Exam Tip: This tense can be used to speculate about what will not be happening at a future point.

Question 9. She will not be .................................... you.(help)
Answer: helping
In simple words: 'Helping' completes the negative future continuous tense 'will not be helping', indicating that the action will not be ongoing in the future.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use the future continuous for actions that will be happening or not happening over a period of time in the future.

Question 10. The train will be......... .................................... late. (come)
Answer: coming.
In simple words: 'Coming' completes the future continuous tense 'will be coming', indicating that the train's arrival (late) will be in progress.

🎯 Exam Tip: The future continuous often describes an action expected to be underway at a certain time in the future, providing context.

Exercise 12

Question 1. He will have .................................... to Agra tomorrow, (go)
Answer: gone
In simple words: 'Gone' is the past participle, completing the future perfect tense 'will have gone', indicating an action that will be completed by a certain time in the future.

🎯 Exam Tip: The future perfect tense (will + have + past participle) is used for actions that will be finished before a specific future time or another future action.

Question 2. The students will have .................................... the school by 9.45 a.m. (reach)
Answer: reached
In simple words: 'Reached' is the past participle, completing the future perfect tense 'will have reached', indicating that the action of reaching will be completed before 9.45 a.m. tomorrow.

🎯 Exam Tip: 'By [time]' is a crucial indicator for the future perfect tense, signifying a deadline for completion of an action.

Question 3. You will not have.... .................................... your work by 8 a.m. (finish)
Answer: finished
In simple words: 'Finished' is the past participle, completing the negative future perfect tense 'will not have finished', meaning the work will not be done by 8 a.m.

🎯 Exam Tip: For negative future perfect, the 'not' comes between 'will' and 'have' (e.g., will not have finished).

Question 4. The father will have .................................... to the office by 9.45 a.m. (go)
Answer: gone
In simple words: 'Gone' is the past participle, completing the future perfect tense 'will have gone', indicating that the father will have left and arrived at the office by the specified time.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use the future perfect to describe a future state that results from a completed action before a specific future point.

Question 5.Will he have .................................... it before you..………………… ? (do, sleep)
Answer: done, sleep
In simple words: 'Done' is the past participle, completing 'will have done' (future perfect), asking if an action will be completed before another future event (you sleep). While 'sleep' would typically be 'slept' for parallel participle usage, here 'sleep' is used as the simple present in the 'before' clause.

🎯 Exam Tip: In complex sentences involving 'before' with a future perfect clause, the clause following 'before' often uses the simple present tense to refer to a future event.

Question 6. The robber will have .................................... the work before the teacher. .................................... (finish, come)
Answer: finished, comes
In simple words: 'Finished' is the past participle, completing 'will have finished' (future perfect), indicating the robber's action will be complete before the teacher comes (simple present).

🎯 Exam Tip: When expressing an action that will be completed before another future action, use future perfect for the first action and simple present for the second.

Question 7. The peon will have .................................... the bell before you.... .................................... (ring, go)
Answer: rung, go
In simple words: 'Rung' is the past participle, completing 'will have rung' (future perfect), indicating the peon's action will be complete before you go (simple present).

🎯 Exam Tip: 'Ring' is an irregular verb: 'ring-rang-rung'. Ensure the correct past participle form is used for perfect tenses.

Question 8. Will they have not .................................... the doctor? (call)
Answer: called
In simple words: 'Called' is the past participle, completing the negative interrogative future perfect tense 'Will they not have called', asking if the action will be completed by a future point.

🎯 Exam Tip: In interrogative negative future perfect, 'Will' + subject + 'not' + 'have' + past participle is the common structure.

Question 9. Will the train have.. .................................... at the station? (arrive)
Answer: arrived
In simple words: 'Arrived' is the past participle, completing the future perfect tense 'Will the train have arrived', asking if the train's arrival will be completed by a future time.

🎯 Exam Tip: The future perfect tense is useful for making predictions about past actions in a future context, such as estimating arrival times.

Question 10. They will not have .................................... their friends. (call)
Answer: called.
In simple words: 'Called' is the past participle, completing the negative future perfect tense 'will not have called', indicating that the action will not be completed by a future point.

🎯 Exam Tip: The future perfect can express a negative prediction about a completed action in the future.

Exercise 13

Question 1. He.... .................................... your name. (know)
Answer: knows
In simple words: 'Knows' is the simple present form of 'know', used for the singular subject 'He' to express a general fact or ability. Although the exercise instruction suggests 'Future Perfect Continuous', this answer is in the simple present tense.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always prioritize the context of the sentence for tense usage. While an exercise may specify a tense, if the natural meaning or a given answer fits a different tense, adhere to the context.

Question 2. The sun .................................... in the east and.......... ……………………in the west. (rise, set)
Answer: rises, sets
In simple words: 'Rises' and 'sets' are the simple present forms, used to state universal scientific facts about the sun. This also contradicts the exercise instruction for Future Perfect Continuous.

🎯 Exam Tip: Universal truths, scientific facts, and proverbs are almost always expressed in the simple present tense, regardless of surrounding instructions.

Question 3. My car .................................... a lot of trouble these days. (give)
Answer: gives
In simple words: 'Gives' is the simple present form of 'give', used for the singular subject 'My car' to indicate a habitual problem these days. This contradicts the exercise instruction for Future Perfect Continuous.

🎯 Exam Tip: Phrases like 'these days' can indicate a current ongoing habit or situation, often expressed with simple present or present continuous tense.

Question 4. Sita could not .................................... there. (reach)
Answer: reach
In simple words: 'Reach' is the base form of the verb, used after the modal auxiliary 'could not' to express past inability. This contradicts the exercise instruction for Future Perfect Continuous.

🎯 Exam Tip: Modal verbs are always followed by the base form of the main verb, regardless of the tense in the overall context.

Question 5. By next July, I shall .................................... the book. (complete)
Answer: complete
In simple words: 'Complete' would logically complete the future perfect tense, 'shall have completed', for an action finished by a future date. The answer provides only the base form. If referring to Future Perfect Continuous, it would be 'shall have been completing'. Given the instruction is Future Perfect Continuous, and the answer is 'complete', there's a discrepancy. I will provide `complete` as the direct fill.

🎯 Exam Tip: The phrase 'By next July' strongly suggests a future perfect tense (will/shall have completed) for an action completed by that time. If a single verb form is given as an answer, evaluate if it's the root for a perfect construction.

Question 6. You should not .................................... off the bus till it..................(get, stop)
Answer: get, stops
In simple words: 'Get' is the base form after 'should not', and 'stops' is the simple present for a conditional clause about a future event. This contradicts the exercise instruction for Future Perfect Continuous.

🎯 Exam Tip: 'Till' or 'until' clauses referring to future time often use the simple present tense for the action that sets the limit.

Question 7. Who .................................... you History today? (teach)
Answer: will teach
In simple words: 'Will teach' is the simple future tense, asking about a future action today. This contradicts the exercise instruction for Future Perfect Continuous.

🎯 Exam Tip: For future actions where the specific time is 'today' but still in the future, the simple future or 'going to' future are common choices.

Question 8. I think he should have .................................... earlier. (come)
Answer: come
In simple words: 'Come' is the past participle, used after 'should have' to express a past regret or a suggestion about a past action that did not happen. This contradicts the exercise instruction for Future Perfect Continuous.

🎯 Exam Tip: 'Should have' + past participle is a modal perfect construction, used to express criticism or regret about a past action.

Question 9. I have I have .................................... smoking......... Smoking (give up)
Answer: given up
In simple words: 'Given up' is the past participle, completing the present perfect tense 'I have given up', indicating a completed action with a present result (no longer smoking). This contradicts the exercise instruction for Future Perfect Continuous.

🎯 Exam Tip: The phrase 'give up' is a phrasal verb meaning to quit. In the present perfect, it signifies a recent decision with ongoing effect.

Question 10. He has .................................... in the school since July 1993. (teach)
Answer: been teaching
In simple words: 'Been teaching' completes the present perfect continuous tense 'has been teaching', indicating an action that started in 1993 and is still ongoing. This aligns with a continuous perfect tense but is present, not future.

🎯 Exam Tip: 'Since [year]' is a key indicator for present perfect continuous tense for actions continuing from the past to the present.

Question 11. His hand .................................... when he wrote the letter. (shake)
Answer: shook
In simple words: 'Shook' is the simple past form of 'shake', describing a completed action (hand shaking) at the moment of another past action (writing the letter). This contradicts the exercise instruction for Future Perfect Continuous.

🎯 Exam Tip: The simple past is used for actions that happened at a specific time in the past, often alongside other simple past or past continuous actions.

Question 12. The river Nile .... .................................... in Central Africa. (rise)
Answer: rises
In simple words: 'Rises' is the simple present form of 'rise', used to state a geographical fact about the Nile River. This contradicts the exercise instruction for Future Perfect Continuous.

🎯 Exam Tip: Geographical facts, like scientific truths, are always stated in the simple present tense.

Question 13. The bell rang after I .................................... an essay. (finish)
Answer: finished
In simple words: 'Finished' is the simple past form of 'finish', indicating a completed action that occurred before another past action (the bell rang). While 'had finished' would be past perfect, 'finished' is also acceptable if treated as sequential. This contradicts the exercise instruction for Future Perfect Continuous.

🎯 Exam Tip: For sequential past actions using 'after', the event that happened first can be simple past or past perfect, but past perfect is more explicitly clear for the earlier action.

Question 14. My mother seldom .................................... in the afternoon. (sleep)
Answer: sleeps
In simple words: 'Sleeps' is the simple present form of 'sleep', used for the singular subject 'My mother' with the adverb 'seldom' to indicate a rare habit. This contradicts the exercise instruction for Future Perfect Continuous.

🎯 Exam Tip: Adverbs of frequency (like 'seldom', 'always', 'often') typically trigger the use of the simple present tense to describe habits or routines.

Question 15. You .................................... your health by'working hard. (ruin)
Answer: ruined.
In simple words: 'Ruined' is the simple past form of 'ruin', indicating a completed action in the past that negatively affected health. This contradicts the exercise instruction for Future Perfect Continuous.

🎯 Exam Tip: Context often dictates the most appropriate tense; here, 'working hard' seems to be a past activity leading to a past consequence, favoring simple past.