Samacheer Kalvi Class 7 Social Science Solutions Term 2 Chapter 1 State Government

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 7th Social Science Solutions Civics Term 2 Chapter 1 State Government

7th Social Science Guide State Government Text Book Back Questions And Answers

I. Choose The Correct Answer:

Question 1. What is the minimum age for becoming a member of the State Legislative Council?
(a) 18 Years
(b) 21 Years
(c) 25 Years
(d) 30 Years
Answer: (c) 25 Years
In simple words: To join the State Legislative Council, a person must be at least 25 years old. This ensures that members have enough experience.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember specific age requirements for different government posts, as these are often tested.

Question 2. How many states does India have?
(a) 26
(b) 27
(c) 28
(d) 29
Answer: (d) 29
In simple words: India has 29 states. These states each have their own government to manage their local areas.

🎯 Exam Tip: Stay updated with the current number of states and union territories in India, as administrative divisions can sometimes change.

Question 3. The word state government refers to
(a) Government departments in the states
(b) Legislative Assembly
(c) Both a and b
(d) None of the options
Answer: (c) Both a and b
In simple words: The state government includes both the different departments that do the work and the Legislative Assembly where laws are made. Both parts work together to run the state.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand that "state government" is a broad term covering both the administrative (departments) and law-making (legislative) bodies within a state.

Question 4. The overall head of the government in the state is the
(a) President
(b) Prime Minister
(c) Governor
(d) Chief Minister
Answer: (c) Governor
In simple words: The Governor is the main head of the government in a state, representing the central authority. However, the Chief Minister is the head of the elected government who makes decisions.

🎯 Exam Tip: Distinguish between the nominal head (Governor) and the real executive head (Chief Minister) at the state level.

Question 5. Who appoints the Chief Minister and other Ministers?
(a) President
(b) Prime Minister
(c) Governor
(d) Chief Minister
Answer: (c) Governor
In simple words: The Governor is the one who officially chooses and appoints the Chief Minister and all other ministers in a state. This is a key power of the Governor.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that the Governor's role includes formal appointments, even if the choice of Chief Minister is guided by election results.

Question 6. Who becomes the Chief Minister?
(a) Leader of the majority party
(b) Leader of the opposition party
(c) Both
(d) None
Answer: (a) Leader of the majority party
In simple words: The person who leads the political party that wins the most seats in the state elections becomes the Chief Minister. This shows the will of the people.

🎯 Exam Tip: The Chief Minister is always from the party or coalition that secures a majority in the Legislative Assembly.

Question 7. What are the three branches of the state Government?
(a) Mayor, Governor, MLA
(b) Panchayat, Municipality, Corporation
(c) Village, City, State
(d) Legislative, Executive and Judiciary
Answer: (d) Legislative, Executive and Judiciary
In simple words: The three main parts of state government are the legislative (making laws), the executive (carrying out laws), and the judiciary (interpreting laws). This system keeps power balanced.

🎯 Exam Tip: Know the distinct functions of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, as they form the fundamental structure of governance.

II. Fill In The Blanks.

1. The Governor is appointed by the __________.
Answer: President
In simple words: The President of India chooses and appoints the Governor for each state. The Governor acts as the President's representative in the state.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that the Governor is a central appointee, not elected by the state's voters.

2. The leader of the majority party is appointed as __________ in the State Assembly.
Answer: Chief Minister
In simple words: The person who leads the party with the most votes in the state assembly is chosen to be the Chief Minister. This is how the head of the state government is decided.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always associate the Chief Minister with the leadership of the majority party in the state legislature.

3. __________ is the highest judicial organ of the state.
Answer: High Court
In simple words: The High Court is the top court in any state. It ensures justice and makes sure laws are followed correctly within that state's boundaries.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand that the High Court is the highest court for state-level matters, with the Supreme Court being the highest at the national level.

4. MLA stands for __________.
Answer: Member of the Legislative Assembly.
In simple words: MLA means Member of the Legislative Assembly. These are the people elected by citizens to represent them and make laws in the state.

🎯 Exam Tip: Know the full forms of common government acronyms like MLA, MP, CM, PM, etc.

5. __________ is a particular area form where all the voters living there choose their representatives.
Answer: Constituency
In simple words: A constituency is a specific area where people live. The voters in that area choose one person to represent them in the government.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand that a constituency is the fundamental unit for electoral representation.

6. The elected representatives who are not the member of ruling party are called __________.
Answer: Opposition party
In simple words: The politicians who are elected but whose party did not win the majority are part of the opposition party. They keep a check on the ruling party.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recognize the vital role of the opposition in a democracy, ensuring accountability of the ruling party.

III. Match The Following.

Answer:

🎯 Exam Tip: Practice matching exercises carefully, ensuring you link each item to its unique and correct description.

IV. Consider The Following Statement: Tick The Appropriate Answer.

Question 1. Which of the following statement is/are not correct?
To become a governor, one
(a) Should be the citizen of India
(b) Should have completed 25 years of age
(c) Should have sound mind
(d) Should not hold any office of profit,
The incorrect statement is:
(i) A & b
(ii) C & d
(iii) A
(iv) B
Answer: (iv) B
In simple words: The question asks which rule for becoming a governor is wrong. A governor needs to be at least 35 years old, not 25. So, statement (b) is incorrect.

🎯 Exam Tip: For "not correct" questions, identify the statement that presents false information. The age requirement for a Governor is 35 years, not 25.

Question 2. Consider the following statements and state true or false
(a) MLAs are together responsible for the work of government.
Answer: True
(b) All the MLAs of other political party who do not belong to the ruling party are called opposition.
Answer: True
(c) MLAs are not the representatives of people.
Answer: False
In simple words: All MLAs work together for the government, and those from other parties form the opposition. However, MLAs absolutely represent the people who elected them.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly understand the roles of MLAs as representatives and the collective responsibility of the government, including the opposition's function.

Question 3. Find out the correct meaning of bicameral legislature
(a) It means that there are cameras in the legislature.
(b) It means that the legislature has men and women members.
(c) It means that there are two houses like upper house and lower house.
(d) It means that the governor is the leader over the members of the legislature.
Answer: (c) It means that there are two houses like upper house and lower house.
In simple words: A bicameral legislature means that the law-making body has two main parts or houses. These are usually called the upper house and the lower house.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that 'bi-' means two, so a bicameral legislature always refers to a two-house system.

Question 4. Assertion (A) : India has a federal system of government. Reason (R) : According to our constitution the power is divided between central and state governments
(a) A is correct and R explains A
(b) A is correct and R does not explain A
(c) A is correct and R is wrong
(d) Both are wrong
Answer: (a) A is correct and R explains A
In simple words: India has a federal system, which means power is shared between the central government and state governments. The constitution clearly lays out this division of power.

🎯 Exam Tip: For Assertion-Reason questions, first check if both statements are true individually, then check if the reason correctly explains the assertion.

V. Answer In One Or Two Sentences.

Question 1. What are the qualifications to become the Governor of a state?
Answer: To be a Governor, a person must be a citizen of India, be at least 35 years old, have a sound mind, and not hold any other paid public job. These rules ensure the Governor can perform their duties fairly.
In simple words: A Governor must be an Indian citizen, 35 or older, mentally sound, and not have any other job that pays them.

🎯 Exam Tip: List the four key qualifications precisely, focusing on age and citizenship requirements.

Question 2. Who are called oppositions?
Answer: The opposition party is the one that wins the second-highest number of seats after the majority party in an election. They play an important role by keeping a check on the ruling government. This balance helps in a healthy democracy.
In simple words: The party that gets the next most votes after the winning party is called the opposition party.

🎯 Exam Tip: Define the opposition clearly, highlighting their role in a multi-party system.

Question 3. Write a note on Lok Adalat.
Answer: Lok Adalat is a "people's court" set up by the Indian Government to quickly solve disagreements. It helps people settle their issues through talking and finding common ground, instead of long court battles. This method makes justice easier to access for everyone.
In simple words: Lok Adalat is a special court for people that helps solve problems quickly by talking and making agreements.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize "people's court" and its focus on conciliation and compromise for quick dispute resolution.

Question 4. What is a constituency?
Answer: A constituency is a specific area within a state that is formed based on its population. Voters in each constituency choose one person to represent them in the Legislative Assembly. This ensures fair representation across the state.
In simple words: A constituency is an area in a state where people vote for their chosen representative.

🎯 Exam Tip: Define constituency by linking it to population-based division for electoral purposes.

Question 5. Who appoints the Chief Minister and other Ministers?
Answer: The Governor of the state appoints both the Chief Minister and all the other ministers. This formal appointment happens after the elections when a party has formed a majority. The Governor acts on the advice of the Chief Minister when appointing other ministers.
In simple words: The Governor chooses and appoints the Chief Minister and all other ministers.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly state that the Governor makes the appointments, reinforcing the constitutional role.

VI. Answer The Following In Detail.

Question 1. Describe the powers of the Governor.
Answer: The Governor is the official head of the state's executive branch. All the government's administrative tasks are carried out in their name. No bill can become a law in the state until the Governor gives their approval. They also appoint important state officials, such as the Advocate General, chairpersons of state commissions, and Vice-Chancellors of state universities. The Governor also plays a role in the political stability of the state.
In simple words: The Governor is the state's top executive, approves all laws, and appoints key officials. Everything is done in their name.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight the Governor's triple role: as nominal executive head, legislative assenter, and key appointment authority.

Question 2. Who is an MLA?
Answer: An MLA is a Member of the Legislative Assembly. These individuals are chosen by the people through general elections. The candidate who receives the most votes in their area becomes an MLA. MLAs act as representatives for the people of their constituency in the state legislature. They voice the needs and concerns of their voters.
In simple words: An MLA is an elected person from the Legislative Assembly who represents the people.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on MLA's role as an elected representative of a constituency in the Legislative Assembly.

Question 3. What is the role of the Chief Minister and other Council of Ministers at the state level?
Answer: The Chief Minister is the actual executive head of the state government. They assign different jobs, called portfolios, to other ministers. The Chief Minister also creates plans and rules for the good of the state's people. The Council of Ministers, working together under the Chief Minister, is responsible to the State Legislature and Legislative Assembly for all their decisions. They ensure smooth governance and development.
In simple words: The Chief Minister leads the state government, gives jobs to ministers, and makes plans for people. All ministers work as a team and are responsible to the state assembly.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly differentiate the Chief Minister's individual leadership from the collective responsibility of the Council of Ministers.

VII. HOTS.

Question 1. Name some departments of the government.
Answer: Some important departments of the government include: 1. Agriculture Department 2. Energy Department 3. Health and Family Welfare Department 4. Industries Department 5. Law Department 6. Public Works Department 7. School Education Department 8. Transport Department 9. Youth Welfare and Sports Department 10. Finance Department. These departments handle different areas of public service.
In simple words: Government departments manage things like farming, health, education, transport, and money for the state.

🎯 Exam Tip: Be able to list at least 5-7 key government departments and their general functions.

Question 2. Tabulate: qualification, appointment and any two powers of Governor, Chief Minister and MLAs
Answer:

🎯 Exam Tip: When tabulating, ensure all columns for each position are accurately filled with relevant information, especially age and appointment authority.

VIII. Activity.

Question 1. Make a list of the name of the Governor, Chief Minister, and other Ministers with their departments
Answer: For Tamil Nadu, the Governor is Banwarilal Purohit, and the Chief Minister is Edappadi K. Palaniswami (as per the content's context). Some other Ministers and their departments are:
1. Dindigul C. Sreenivasan – Minister for Forests
2. Senkottaiyan K. A. – Minister of School Education
3. Sellur K. Raju – Minister of Co-operation
4. Thangamani P. – Minister for Electricity
5. Velumani – Minister for Municipal & Rural Administration
6. D. Jayakumar – Minister for Fisheries
7. K. P. Anbalagan – Minister of Higher Education
8. V. Saroja – Minister for Social Welfare and Nutritious Noon Meal Programme. These lists can change over time.
In simple words: This lists the Governor and Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, along with several other ministers and the government departments they manage.

🎯 Exam Tip: While exact names might change, understanding the typical portfolio distribution among ministers is important.

Question 2. Write an essay on 'If you were the Chief Minister of the state'
Answer: If I were the Chief Minister of the state, my focus would be on environmental protection, clean industries, and fighting corruption. First, I would make a strong law against cutting trees, requiring anyone who cuts one to plant 100 new trees. This helps our planet breathe better. Second, I would make sure all factories install special equipment to clean up their smoke and waste water before releasing it. This prevents pollution. Third, I would put into practice a strict anti-corruption law to make sure all government work is honest and fair for everyone. These steps would create a cleaner, healthier, and more honest state for all citizens.
In simple words: If I were Chief Minister, I would make strict laws to stop tree cutting, ensure factories are clean, and fight against corruption to make the state better.

🎯 Exam Tip: For hypothetical questions, present clear, actionable points that reflect strong leadership and civic responsibility.

Question 10. The Council of Ministers are collectively responsible for the State ............Assembly.
Answer: Legislative
In simple words: The Council of Ministers works together and is accountable to the State Legislative Assembly. This means they must answer to the assembly for their actions.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that "collective responsibility" is a key principle in parliamentary democracies, meaning all ministers are accountable for government decisions.

Question 11. ............Courts are to settle disputes relating to marriages.
Answer: Family
In simple words: Family Courts are special courts set up to handle disagreements and problems related to marriages. These courts help families resolve their issues.

🎯 Exam Tip: Family courts specialize in domestic issues like divorce, child custody, and maintenance, aiming for conciliation.

Question 12. Lok Adalat also called as
Answer: People's Court
In simple words: Lok Adalat is another name for a People's Court. It is a system in India where disputes can be settled quickly and fairly.

🎯 Exam Tip: The term "Lok Adalat" highlights its purpose as a grassroots justice system, making it accessible to common people.

III. Match the following:

Answer:
1. High Court - (b) Highest Judicial Organ
2. States - (a) 29
3. New Delhi - (d) National Capital
4. Chennai - (c) State capital
In simple words: This match helps us connect important places or bodies with their correct roles or features. For example, the High Court is the top court in a state, and New Delhi is the capital of our country.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay close attention to current affairs for the number of states and union territories, as this can change with administrative decisions.

IV. Consider the following statements: Tick the appropriate answer:

Question 1.
1. There was no separate system of administration for the union, states, and union territories.
2. MLA's are appointed by the governor
3. The central and state government work, together according to the Indian constitution
Answer: 3. The central and state government work together according to the Indian constitution
In simple words: The Indian constitution sets out how both the central and state governments should work together. This ensures a balanced system of governance across the country.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the division of power between central and state governments as defined by the constitution, which is a fundamental aspect of India's federal structure.

Question 2.
1. Vellore Fortress is the first English fortress in India.
2. St. George Fort houses the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly and secretariat of Tamil Nadu
3. Redfort is in Chennai
Answer: 2. St George Fort houses the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly and secretariat of Tamil Nadu
In simple words: Fort St. George in Chennai is where the Tamil Nadu government's main offices are located, including the legislative assembly. It's an important historical and political building.

🎯 Exam Tip: Knowing the location of state legislative assemblies and important historical forts helps in understanding regional governance and history.

V. Answer in one or two sentences:

Question 1. Where is Tamil Nadu State Legislative Assembly?
Answer: The Tamil Nadu State Legislative Assembly is located at Fort St. George, Chennai. This fort is a historic landmark and also the seat of state government.
In simple words: The Tamil Nadu State Legislative Assembly is in Chennai, at Fort St. George.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always specify both the city and the landmark when asked for the location of an important government building.

Question 2. Define the Legislative Assembly.
Answer: A Legislative Assembly is the lower house in a state where all elected Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) gather to discuss and make decisions on various matters related to the welfare of the state. It is central to the state's law-making process.
In simple words: The Legislative Assembly is the main law-making body of a state, where elected members meet to talk about state issues.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that "legislative" refers to law-making, so a legislative assembly is primarily responsible for creating laws for its state.

Question 3. Define the Federal system.
Answer: A federal system is a type of government where power is divided between two main levels: the Central Government (also known as the Union Government) and the State Governments. This division ensures that both levels have their own areas of authority, leading to better governance across a diverse country.
In simple words: A federal system means government power is split between a main central government and many state governments.

🎯 Exam Tip: The key idea of a federal system is the clear distribution of powers between national and regional authorities, often outlined in a constitution.

Question 4. Explain Central Government.
Answer: India follows a parliamentary democratic republic system. The Central Government, also known as the Union Government, is led by the President as the head of the Indian Union and the Prime Minister, along with all the ministers, who are responsible for running the government. This structure ensures that decisions are made for the entire nation.
In simple words: The Central Government of India runs the whole country, with the President as head of the nation and the Prime Minister leading the government with his ministers.

🎯 Exam Tip: Differentiate between the head of state (President) and the head of government (Prime Minister) in a parliamentary system like India's.

Question 5. Who conducts elections in India?
Answer: The Election Commission of India is the body responsible for conducting and monitoring all elections in the country. It ensures free and fair elections, which are essential for a healthy democracy.
In simple words: The Election Commission of India is the main body that organizes and watches over elections across the country.

🎯 Exam Tip: The Election Commission is an independent constitutional body, vital for upholding the democratic process in India.

Question 6. What is Bi-cameral Legislature?
Answer: A Bi-cameral Legislature is a system of government where the legislative body has two separate houses or chambers: an Upper House and a Lower House. This two-house system allows for more detailed review of laws and provides checks and balances within the legislative process.
In simple words: A Bi-cameral Legislature means a state has two parts for making laws: an Upper House and a Lower House.

🎯 Exam Tip: The prefix "bi-" means two, so "bicameral" simply refers to a legislature with two chambers or houses.

Question 7. What is Unicameral Legislature?
Answer: A Unicameral Legislature is a system where a state's legislative body has only one house or chamber. While some states in India have two houses, others, like Tamil Nadu, have a single house for law-making, which simplifies the legislative process. This single-house structure is known as Uni-cameral Legislature.
In simple words: A Unicameral Legislature is when a state has only one group of people who make laws. Tamil Nadu is an example of this.

🎯 Exam Tip: The prefix "uni-" means one, so "unicameral" means a legislature with a single chamber, making it distinct from a bicameral system.

Question 8. For what purpose courts have been established?
Answer: Courts have been established primarily to ensure justice for all people without any favoritism or bias. They play a crucial role in upholding laws, resolving disputes, and protecting the rights of citizens, which are fundamental to a just society.
In simple words: Courts are made to give justice to everyone fairly and to solve disagreements.

🎯 Exam Tip: The core function of courts is to interpret and apply laws, ensuring that justice is administered impartially to all individuals.

Question 9. What are the duties of the three main branches of Government?
Answer: The three main branches of Government are the Legislative, Executive, and Judiciary, each with distinct duties. The Legislative branch is responsible for making laws, the Executive branch enforces these laws, and the Judiciary branch interprets the laws to ensure they are applied correctly and fairly. This separation of powers creates a system of checks and balances.
In simple words: The three branches of government are the Legislative (makes laws), Executive (carries out laws), and Judiciary (explains laws).

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding the separation of powers is essential; it prevents any single branch from becoming too powerful and ensures governmental accountability.

VI. Answer the following in detail:

Question 1. Explain the Judicial System of States in India.
Answer: The judicial system in states across India is structured to provide justice at various levels. At the top of the state's judicial system are the High Courts, which function as the highest judicial body within a state. Each High Court is an independent body and consists of a Chief Judge along with other Judges. These Chief Judges are appointed by the President and hold their office until the age of 62. Below the High Courts, there are District courts, tribunals, family courts, and Lok Adalats. These lower courts ensure justice to the people at the local level and help settle disputes through conciliation and compromise. The system is designed to be accessible and efficient for all citizens.
In simple words: India's state judicial system has High Courts at the top, led by a Chief Judge and other judges, all appointed by the President. Below them are many local courts like District Courts and Lok Adalats, which help people settle disputes.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the hierarchy of courts, from High Courts at the state level down to local courts, and their roles in providing justice and resolving disputes.