Samacheer Kalvi Class 7 Social Science Solutions Term 1 Chapter 1 Sources of Medieval India

I. Choose the Correct Answer:

Question 1. ..........are the writings engraved on solid surfaces such as rocks, stones, temple walls and metals.
(a) Chronicles
(b) Travelogues
(c) Coins
(d) Inscriptions
Answer: (d) Inscriptions
In simple words: Inscriptions are written records carved onto hard surfaces like rocks, stones, temple walls, and metals. These carvings are important because they tell us about the past.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that inscriptions are always found on solid, durable materials, making them reliable historical sources.

Question 2. ................was the land gifted to temples.
(a) Vellanvagai
(b) Shalabhoga
(c) Brahmadeya
(d) Devadana
Answer: (d) Devadana
In simple words: Devadana was a special type of land given as a gift to temples in ancient India. This land was used to support the temple's activities and the people who worked there.

🎯 Exam Tip: Knowing the specific terms for land grants helps understand the economic structure of historical kingdoms.

Question 3. ……………………………………period was known as the period of devotional literature.
(a) Chola
(b) Pandya
(c) Rajput
(d) Vijayanagar
Answer: (a) Chola
In simple words: The Chola period was known as a time when a lot of devotional literature was created. Many religious writings and poems were made during this era.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identifying key cultural movements with their respective dynasties is important for historical context.

Question 4. .................provides information about the first Sultan of Delhi.
(a) Ain – i – Akbar
(b) Taj – ul – Ma'asir
(c) Tuzk – i – Jahangiri
(d) Tarikh – i – Frishta
Answer: (b) Taj-ul-Ma'asir
In simple words: The book 'Taj-ul-Ma'asir' provides valuable information about the first Sultan of Delhi. This historical text helps us understand the early days of the Delhi Sultanate.

🎯 Exam Tip: Linking specific literary sources to the historical figures or periods they describe is a good study habit.

Question 5. ............an Arab-born Morocco scholar, travelled from Morocco to India.
(a) Marco Polo
(b) A1 Beruni
(c) Domingo Paes
(d) Ibn Battuta
Answer: (d) Ibn Battuta
In simple words: Ibn Battuta was a famous scholar from Morocco, an Arab country. He traveled a long way from Morocco to India, documenting his journey and experiences.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the names of foreign travelers and their origins to understand global connections during historical periods.

II. Fill in the Blanks:

Question 1. .............nscriptions provide details about administration in a Brahmadeya village.
Answer: Uttiramerur plates
In simple words: The Uttiramerur plates are inscriptions that give us detailed information about how a Brahmadeya village was run. These plates show us the old rules and systems of village management.

🎯 Exam Tip: Copper plates and stone inscriptions are primary sources that give direct insights into ancient administration.

Question 2. ..........had stamped the figure of Goddess Lakshmi on his gold coins and had his name inscribed on it.
Answer: Muhammad Ghori
In simple words: Muhammad Ghori was a ruler who put the image of Goddess Lakshmi on his gold coins. He also had his own name written on these coins.

🎯 Exam Tip: This practice shows the cultural influence and sometimes the religious tolerance of rulers in medieval India.

Question 3. 3.6 grams of silver amounted to a................
Answer: Jital
In simple words: A Jital was a coin, and 3.6 grams of silver were equal to one Jital. This was a unit of currency used in those times.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding historical currency units helps in grasping the economic context of the period.

Question 4. ..........was patronised by Sultan Nazir-ud-din Mahmud of the Slave Dynasty.
Answer: Minhaj-us-siraj
In simple words: Sultan Nazir-ud-din Mahmud of the Slave Dynasty supported a historian named Minhaj-us-siraj. This shows that rulers often patronized scholars and writers during their reign.

🎯 Exam Tip: Royal patronage was crucial for the creation and preservation of many historical chronicles.

Question 5. An Italian traveller ............visited Vijayanagar Empire in 1420.
Answer: Nicolo Conti
In simple words: Nicolo Conti, an Italian traveler, visited the Vijayanagar Empire in the year 1420. He wrote about his experiences, which gives us information about that empire.

🎯 Exam Tip: Knowing the arrival dates of foreign travelers helps to pinpoint the flourishing periods of different empires.

III. Match the Following:

Question. Match the following.
Answer: The table below shows the correct match for each historical site with its respective state. Learning about these connections helps us understand Indian geography and history.

🎯 Exam Tip: When matching, focus on one-to-one correspondence and use process of elimination if unsure about a pair.

IV. State True or False:

Question 1. Pallichchandam was the land donated to the Jaina institution.
Answer: True
In simple words: This statement is true. Pallichchandam was indeed a type of land that was donated to institutions belonging to the Jaina religion.

🎯 Exam Tip: Differentiate between various land grants (like Devadana, Brahmadeya) and their beneficiaries to avoid confusion.

Question 2. The composition of metal coins gives us information on the political condition of the empire.
Answer: False
In simple words: This statement is false. The type of metals used in coins does give us information about the economic condition of an empire, not primarily its political situation.

🎯 Exam Tip: Coins provide insight into economic wealth (metal purity) and artistic style, but political events are usually found in inscriptions or literary sources.

Question 3. The high cost of copper made palm leaf and paper cheaper alternatives for recording royal orders and events in royal courts.
Answer: True
In simple words: This statement is true. Copper was expensive, so palm leaves and paper became cheaper ways to write down royal orders and important events in royal courts. This made record-keeping easier for the kingdom.

🎯 Exam Tip: Look for cause-and-effect relationships in historical statements; economic factors often influence administrative practices.

Question 4. Domingo Paes, a Portuguese traveller, visited the Chola Empire in 1522.
Answer: False
In simple words: This statement is false. Domingo Paes was a Portuguese traveler, but he visited the Vijayanagar Empire, not the Chola Empire. He also visited earlier than 1522.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay close attention to names, places, and dates in historical statements to determine their accuracy.

V. Match the Statement With the Reason. Tick (✔) the Appropriate Answer:

Question 1. Assertion (A): Muhammad Ghori's gold coins carried the figure of Goddess Lakshmi. Reason (R): The Turkish invader was liberal in his religious outlook.
(a) R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is wrong and R is correct.
(d) A and R are wrong.
Answer: (a) R is the correct explanation of A
In simple words: The assertion states that Muhammad Ghori's gold coins had the image of Goddess Lakshmi, and the reason says he was liberal in his religious views. This reason correctly explains why he would put a Hindu goddess on his coins, showing his broad-mindedness.

🎯 Exam Tip: In Assertion-Reason questions, first check if both statements are true, then if the reason directly explains the assertion.

Question 2. Find out the wrong pair:
1. Madura Vijayam – Gangadevi
2. Abul Fazal – Ain-i-Akbari
3. Ibn Battuta – Tahquiq-i-Hind
4. Amuktamalyatha – Krishnadevaraya
Answer: (3) Ibn Battuta – Tahquiq – i – Hind
In simple words: The wrong pair listed is "Ibn Battuta – Tahquiq – i – Hind". 'Tahquiq-i-Hind' was actually written by Al-Biruni, not Ibn Battuta. All other pairs correctly link the author with their work.

🎯 Exam Tip: Memorizing key authors and their works is crucial for identifying incorrect pairings in such questions.

Question 3. Find out the odd one:
(a) Inscriptions
(b) Travelogues
(c) Monuments
(d) Coins.
Answer: (b) Travelogues
In simple words: Among the choices (Inscriptions, Travelogues, Monuments, Coins), 'Travelogues' is the odd one out. Inscriptions, monuments, and coins are all archaeological sources, which are physical objects. Travelogues, however, are literary accounts written by travelers.

🎯 Exam Tip: Classify historical sources (e.g., archaeological, literary) to easily spot the one that doesn't fit the category.

VI. Answer the Following in One or Two Sentences:

Question 1. Who compiled Nalayira Divyaprabhandham?
Answer: Nathamuni compiled Nalayira Divyaprabhandham. This work is a significant text in Vaishnavism.
In simple words: Nathamuni collected the Nalayira Divyaprabhandham hymns.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the authors or compilers of important religious and literary works.

Question 2. What does the word Tuzk mean?
Answer: Tuzk means 'Auto-Biography'. It refers to a written account of a person's life, written by that person themselves.
In simple words: 'Tuzk' means a book about your own life.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding historical terms helps in grasping the nature of the sources being discussed.

Question 3. Name Jahangir's memoir.
Answer: Jahangir's Memoir is Tuzk – i- Jahangiri. It is his personal account of his reign and life.
In simple words: Jahangir's life storybook is called 'Tuzk-i-Jahangiri'.

🎯 Exam Tip: Associate famous emperors with their autobiographies or court chronicles for quick recall.

Question 4. Name the two different types of sources for the study of history.
Answer: The two main kinds of sources used to study history are Primary Sources and Secondary Sources. Primary sources are direct evidence from the time being studied, while secondary sources are interpretations of primary sources.
In simple words: History is studied using two types of sources: Primary and Secondary.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always distinguish between primary (first-hand) and secondary (second-hand) sources for accurate historical analysis.

Question 5. List out the important mosques and forts constructed during medieval times.
Answer: Some important mosques built in medieval times include Quwwat-ul-Islam Masjid, Moth-ki Masjid, Fatehpur Sikri Dargah, and Charminar. Key forts from this period are Agra Fort, Chittor Fort, Gwalior Fort, Red Fort in Delhi, Daulatabad Forts, and Firozshah Kotla. These structures show the grand architecture of that era.
In simple words: Mosques like Quwwat-ul-Islam and forts like Agra Fort were built then.

🎯 Exam Tip: Listing specific examples of architectural marvels from a period demonstrates comprehensive knowledge.

Question 6. Mention the important foreign travellers who visited India during the medieval period.
Answer: Several important foreign travelers visited India during the medieval period. These included Marco Polo, Al-Biruni, Ibn Battuta, Nicolo Conti, Abdur Razzaq, and Domingo Paes. Their travel accounts provide valuable historical information.
In simple words: Marco Polo, Al-Biruni, Ibn Battuta, and others visited India in medieval times.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember a few key foreign travelers and their contributions to understanding medieval Indian history.

VII. Answer the Following:

Question 1. Describe the different types of coins introduced by the rulers of the Delhi Sultanate.
Answer: The coins introduced by the Delhi Sultanate rulers provide a lot of information about their time.
1. Coins show the names of kings, their titles, and even their portraits, along with details like events, places, dates, dynasties, and symbols.
2. The metals used in coins tell us about the economic health of the empire, like how rich or poor it was.
3. Coins also mention the king's successes, such as military wins, new territories, trade connections, and their religious beliefs.
4. Muhammad Ghori, for example, put the image of Goddess Lakshmi on his gold coins and had his name written on them. This was a unique practice for a Turkish invader.
5. His coins suggest that he was likely open-minded about different religions. Additionally, copper Jitals are useful for studying the Delhi Sultanate period.
6. Silver Tanka by Iltutmish, gold coins by Ala-ud-din Khalji, and copper token currency by Muhammad-bin-Tughluq all reflect the coinage systems and the economic situation of the country at different times. One Jital was made of 3.6 grains of silver, and forty-eight Jitals were equal to one silver Tanka.
In simple words: Delhi Sultanate coins show king's names, dates, and events. The metals tell us about the economy. They also show a king's achievements and beliefs. Different rulers made different types of coins like Silver Tanka and copper Jitals, which helps us understand their rule and the economy.

🎯 Exam Tip: Coins are rich historical artifacts, providing insights into political, economic, and cultural aspects of an empire. Always describe what they reveal.

VIII. Answer Grid:

Question 1. ....................was a courtier of Emperor Aurangazeb.
Answer: Khafi Khan
In simple words: Khafi Khan served as a courtier for Emperor Aurangazeb. Courtiers were important advisors and officials in the royal court.

🎯 Exam Tip: Knowing important figures in an emperor's court helps understand the administration of the time.

Question 2. Tiruvalangadu copper plates belong to ...................
Answer: Rajendra Chola 1
In simple words: The Tiruvalangadu copper plates are linked to Rajendra Chola I. These plates are historical documents that record important details.

🎯 Exam Tip: Copper plates often document land grants or royal decrees, providing insights into administrative history.

Question 3. ................was the land for the maintenance of the school.
Answer: Shalabhoga
In simple words: Shalabhoga was a specific type of land that was set aside for the maintenance and running of a school. It helped to fund education in the ancient period.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recognize different categories of land grants based on their purpose or recipient.

Question 4. ....................compiled Periyapuranam.
Answer: Sekkizhar
In simple words: Sekkizhar was the author who compiled the great Tamil epic, Periyapuranam. This work is an important part of Tamil literature.

🎯 Exam Tip: Link prominent literary works with their authors to demonstrate cultural knowledge.

Question 5. ...........is an Arabic word meaning history.
Answer: Tarikh (or) Tahquiq
In simple words: 'Tarikh' or 'Tahquiq' is an Arabic word that means 'history'. These terms were often used in medieval historical texts.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding foreign terms used in historical contexts deepens comprehension.

Question 6. Muhammed bin Tughluq transferred his capital from Delhi to................... in the south.
Answer: Devagiri (Dauladabad)
In simple words: Muhammad bin Tughluq moved his capital from Delhi to Devagiri, which was also known as Daulatabad, located in the southern part of India. This was a major administrative decision.

🎯 Exam Tip: Important administrative decisions, like shifting capitals, often have significant historical consequences.

IX. HOTS:

Question 1. The composition of metals in coins is indicative of the economic prosperity of the empire- Substantiate.
Answer: The metals used in coins show how rich an empire was. Gold and silver are valuable and rare metals. They are bright, strong, and hold great economic worth. When an empire uses these expensive metals for its coins, it means the empire was doing very well financially and was prosperous.
In simple words: Using gold and silver in coins means an empire was rich because these metals are rare and valuable.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connect the use of precious metals in coinage directly to the economic strength and prosperity of the ruling empire.

I. Choose the Correct Answer:

Question 1. Who issued the Tiruvalangadu plates?
(a) Rajaraja Chola
(b) Rajendra Chola
(c) Kulothunga
(d) Vijaya
Answer: (b) Rajendra Chola
In simple words: Rajendra Chola was the ruler who issued the Tiruvalangadu plates. These plates contain important historical records from his reign.

🎯 Exam Tip: Keep track of specific rulers associated with important historical documents or monuments.

Question 2. At which district Uttiramerur inscriptions were founded?
(a) Madurai
(b) Salem
(c) Kanchipuram
(d) Virudhunagar
Answer: (c) Kanchipuram
In simple words: The Uttiramerur inscriptions, which give details about village administration, were discovered in the Kanchipuram district. This area was historically significant.

🎯 Exam Tip: Knowing the geographical location of inscriptions helps in understanding regional historical contexts.

Question 3. Token currency was introduced by .............
(a) Mohammed – bin – Tuhlaq
(b) Taj – ud – Maassir
(c) Tuzki - Jahangiri
(d) Tarih - i - Frishta
Answer: (a) Mohammed – bin – Tuhlaq
In simple words: Mohammed-bin-Tughluq was the Sultan who introduced token currency. This was an innovative but sometimes problematic economic reform.

🎯 Exam Tip: Associate key economic or administrative reforms with the specific rulers who implemented them.

Question 4. Who composed Devaram?
(a) Nambhiyandar Nambi
(b) Kambar
(c) Sekkilar
(d) Jayadeva
Answer: (a) Nambhiyandar Nambi
In simple words: Nambhiyandar Nambi was the composer of Devaram. This collection of hymns is a significant part of Tamil devotional literature.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recognize the authors of important devotional or literary works in different regional languages.

Question 5. Madur Vijayam composed by ..............
(a) Nambiyadar Nambi
(b) Ganga Devi
(c) Sekkilar
(d) Kambar
Answer: (b) Ganga Devi
In simple words: Ganga Devi composed the historical poem 'Madura Vijayam'. This work describes the conquest of Madurai.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connecting literary works to their authors and the historical events they describe is essential.

Question 6. Prithiviraj Raso portrays which kings valour?
(a) Marathas
(b) Rajputs
(c) Vijayanagar rulers
(d) Cholas
Answer: (b) Rajputs
In simple words: The 'Prithiviraj Raso' is an epic poem that tells the heroic stories and bravery of the Rajput kings. It is a famous work of medieval Indian literature.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand which groups or dynasties are glorified in historical epics and poems.

Question 7. The courtier of Muhammed Tughlug was.....
(a) Muhammed – bin – Tughluq
(b) Taj – ud- Massir
(c) Zia-ud- dinBarani
(d) Tarik – i – Frishta
Answer: (c) Zia – ud – din Barani
In simple words: Zia-ud-din Barani was a famous courtier during the reign of Muhammad Tughluq. He was a historian who wrote important accounts of that period.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify prominent historians or chroniclers associated with specific rulers or periods.

Question 8. Tarika - Badwani was published in................
(a) A.D 1585
(b) A.D 1597
(c) A.D 1575
(d) A.D1595
Answer: (d) A.D 1595
In simple words: The historical work 'Tarikh-i-Badwani' was published in A.D. 1595. This book offers insights into the Mughal period.

🎯 Exam Tip: Memorizing key publication dates for significant historical texts can be useful.

Question 9. The traveller visiter during the Pandya Kingdom was ...................
(a) Marco Polo
(b) Nicolo conti
(c) Al – Barani
(d) Ibn Battuta
Answer: (a) Marco Polo
In simple words: Marco Polo was the famous traveler who visited the Pandya Kingdom. His accounts provide external perspectives on the kingdom's prosperity.

🎯 Exam Tip: Keep a mental map of which famous travelers visited which kingdoms in India.

Question 10. Rihla was the tvavalogues of
(a) Marcopolo
(b) Alberuni
(c) Ibn battuta
(d) Nicola Conti
Answer: (c) Ibn battuta
In simple words: 'Rihla' is the well-known travelogue written by Ibn Battuta. In this book, he detailed his extensive travels across various regions, including India.

🎯 Exam Tip: Link famous travelogues with their authors, as these are primary sources for understanding different cultures and geographies.

II. Fill in the Blanks:

Question 1. ...........were the land of Non-Bramins.
Answer: Vellanvagai
In simple words: 'Vellanvagai' refers to the land that belonged to non-Brahmins. This type of land was common in many parts of ancient and medieval India.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the different categories of land ownership and their significance in the social structure.

Question 2. Anbil plates were issued by ............
Answer: Sundara Chola
In simple words: The Anbil plates were issued during the rule of Sundara Chola. These important copper plate inscriptions detail royal decrees and grants.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember which rulers are associated with specific historical inscriptions or grants.

Question 3. Uttiramerur inscriptions provide the details of village administration of...........
Answer: Cholas
In simple words: The Uttiramerur inscriptions provide detailed information about how the village administration worked under the Chola kings. They show how well-organized their local governance was.

🎯 Exam Tip: The Uttiramerur inscriptions are prime examples for understanding local self-governance in the Chola period.

Question 4. Silver Tanka introduced by ...................
Answer: Iltutmish
In simple words: Iltutmish was the ruler who introduced the silver Tanka coin. This new currency system was a significant part of his economic reforms.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify key currency reforms and the rulers responsible for them.

Question 5. Nalyaira Divya Prabhandham compiled by...................
Answer: Nathamuni
In simple words: Nathamuni was the compiler of the 'Nalayira Divyaprabhandham'. This collection of devotional poems is highly revered in the Vaishnava tradition.

🎯 Exam Tip: Knowing the compilers of major religious texts helps in understanding their historical and cultural significance.

Question 6. Periyapuranam was composed by..................
Answer: Sekkizhar
In simple words: 'Periyapuranam', a large Tamil epic that narrates the lives of Shaivite saints, was composed by Sekkizhar. It is a masterpiece of Tamil literature.

🎯 Exam Tip: Link important literary works with their authors, especially in regional literature.

Question 7. Kamba Ramyanam was written by...................
Answer: Kambar
In simple words: 'Kamba Ramayanam', a renowned Tamil version of the Hindu epic Ramayana, was written by the poet Kambar. His version is celebrated for its poetic beauty.

🎯 Exam Tip: Be aware of different versions of epics and their respective authors in regional languages.

Question 8. ...............composed by Appar, Sambandar and Sudarar.
Answer: Devaram
In simple words: 'Devaram' is a collection of devotional hymns that were composed by three famous Shaivite saints: Appar, Sambandar, and Sundarar. These hymns are very popular in South India.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recognize collective works and the multiple authors who contributed to them.

III. Match the Following:

Question 9. Thiruvasagam written by............
Answer: Manikka Vasakar wrote the book Thiruvasagam. This work is a famous collection of devotional poems dedicated to Lord Shiva.
In simple words: Manikka Vasakar wrote Thiruvasagam.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember important authors and their works as they are often tested in general knowledge sections of exams.

Question 10. ................written Gita Govindam in 12th century.
Answer: Jayadeva wrote the devotional poem Gita Govindam in the 12th century. Gita Govindam describes the divine love between Krishna and Radha.
In simple words: Jayadeva wrote Gita Govindam in the 12th century.

🎯 Exam Tip: When remembering historical facts, try to associate the event or work with its century or specific date if possible.

Question 11. Kabir Das was a ............. poet.
Answer: Kabir Das was an important poet who lived in the 15th century. He is well-known for his simple yet deep spiritual teachings.
In simple words: Kabir Das was a poet from the 15th century.

🎯 Exam Tip: Knowing the time period of important historical figures helps in placing them correctly within the timeline of events.

Question 12. The poem Amuktamalyatha composed by .........
Answer: The Telugu poem Amuktamalyatha was composed by Krishnadevaraya. Krishnadevaraya was a famous emperor of the Vijayanagara Empire.
In simple words: Krishnadevaraya wrote the poem Amuktamalyatha.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connect literary works with their authors and the kingdoms or empires they belonged to for better retention.

Question 13. Nicoto Conti comes to Vijayanagar in............A.D.
Answer: Nicolo Conti, an Italian traveler, arrived in the Vijayanagar Empire in 1420 A.D. His travel accounts provide valuable insights into the social and economic life of that period.
In simple words: Nicolo Conti came to Vijayanagar in 1420 A.D.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to the names of foreign travelers and the kingdoms they visited, along with the approximate dates.

Question 14. ................written by Kalkan.
Answer: The historical chronicle known as Rajtarangini was written by Kalhana. This book tells the story of the kings of Kashmir.
In simple words: Kalhana wrote the book Rajtarangini.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that Rajtarangini is a significant historical work, providing details about Kashmir's ancient and medieval history.

Question 15. Hasan Nizam wrote.............
Answer: Hasan Nizami wrote the historical work titled Taj-ul-Ma'asir. This text is an important source for studying the early Delhi Sultanate period.
In simple words: Taj-ul-Ma'asir was written by Hasan Nizami.

🎯 Exam Tip: Associate key historical texts with their authors and the specific periods they cover to aid memory.

III. Match the Following:

Answer:

In simple words: Khajuraho temples are in Madhya Pradesh. Konark Sun Temple is in Odisha. Dilwara temples are in Rajasthan. Virupaksha Temple is in Hampi, Karnataka.

🎯 Exam Tip: For matching questions about monuments, always remember the state or region where they are located. This helps in quick recall.

IV. Match the Following:

Answer:

In simple words: This match connects famous travelers with their places of origin. Marco Polo was from Venice, Alberuni from Ghazni, Ibn Battuta from Morocco, Domingo Paes was Portuguese, and Nicolo Conti was from Italy.

🎯 Exam Tip: Knowing the nationality or origin of medieval travelers helps in understanding their perspectives and routes.

IV. State True Or False:

Question 1. A Jital contained 4.6 grains of Silver.
Answer: False
The historical currency called a Jital did not contain 4.6 grains of silver. It actually contained 3.6 grains of silver. This small difference is important for understanding the currency systems of that time.
In simple words: A Jital did not have 4.6 grains of silver, it had 3.6 grains.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always double-check numerical facts like weights and measures, as they are common points for true/false questions.

Question 2. Minhaj – us – siraj patronized by sultan Nazro udin Muhammed.
Answer: True
Minhaj-us-Siraj received support and patronage from Sultan Nasir-ud-din Mahmud. Minhaj-us-Siraj was a notable historian of the Delhi Sultanate period.
In simple words: Sultan Nasir-ud-din Mahmud supported Minhaj-us-Siraj.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the relationships between important historical figures and their patrons or associates.

Question 3. Khafi Khan was the courtier Akbar.
Answer: False
Khafi Khan was not a courtier of Emperor Akbar. He was a historian who lived during the Mughal period, later than Akbar's time, specifically during Aurangzeb's reign. His work, 'Muntakhab-ul-Lubab', provides significant historical records of the later Mughal era.
In simple words: Khafi Khan served Emperor Aurangzeb, not Akbar.

🎯 Exam Tip: Distinguish between different Mughal emperors and the prominent figures associated with their courts.

V. A) Match The Statement With The Reason. Tick (✔) The Appropriate Answer:

Question 1. Assertion (A): The Islamic – Persian practical records made in palm leaf and papers. Reason (R): Copper plates were high cost
(a) R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is wrong and R is correct.
(d) A and R are wrong.
Answer: (a) R is the correct explanation of A.
The assertion states that Islamic-Persian records were written on palm leaves and paper. The reason given is that copper plates were expensive. This reason correctly explains why palm leaves and paper were used as alternatives. The choice of writing materials often reflected economic conditions and availability in different historical periods.
In simple words: Islamic-Persian records were written on palm leaves and paper because copper plates were very costly to use.

🎯 Exam Tip: For Assertion-Reason questions, first check if both statements are true. If so, then determine if the reason directly explains the assertion.

Question 2. Assertion(A): Chola period was known as the period of elevational literature. Reason (R): There was a devotional movement in South India was held
(a) R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is wrong and R is correct.
(d) A and R are wrong.
Answer: (a) R is the correct explanation of A.
The assertion claims the Chola period was known for its elevational literature. The reason provided is that a devotional movement took place in South India during this time. This reason correctly explains why such literature flourished in the Chola period. Many hymns and spiritual texts were composed and spread during this vibrant era, showcasing the deep religious beliefs of the time.
In simple words: The Chola period had much 'elevational' or devotional writing because a strong religious movement was happening in South India.

🎯 Exam Tip: Look for a cause-and-effect relationship between the assertion and the reason to confirm if the reason is a correct explanation.

Question 3. Find the odd one
(a) Periyarpuranam
(b) Kamba Ramayanam
(c) Thiruvasagam
(d) Tarikh-i-Frishta
Answer: (d) Tarikh-i-Frishta
Among the given options, 'Tarikh-i-Frishta' is the odd one out. The other three – Periyapuranam, Kamba Ramayanam, and Thiruvasagam – are important literary works from South India, mainly focused on devotional or epic poetry. 'Tarikh-i-Frishta' is a historical chronicle from the Delhi Sultanate period, written in Persian. Understanding the type and origin of historical sources is crucial for accurately studying different regions and periods.
In simple words: Tarikh-i-Frishta is a history book, while the others are South Indian poems or religious texts, making it the different one.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked to find the odd one out, identify the common category for most items and then find the one that does not fit.

VI. Answer The Following In One Or Two Sentences:

Question 1. What is Inscription?
Answer: Inscriptions are texts or drawings carved onto hard surfaces like rocks, stone slabs, temple walls, or metal plates. These writings often record important events or messages from the past. They are valuable primary sources that provide direct evidence of historical facts.
In simple words: Inscriptions are words carved into hard things like rocks or metal.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly define key historical terms and include examples to show your understanding.

Question 2. Name the various types of land gifted by Chola kings.
Answer: The Chola kings gifted land in several different categories. These included Vellanvagai (land for non-Brahmin peasant proprietors), Brahmadeya (land gifted to Brahmins), Shalabhoga (land for the maintenance of a school), Devadana (land gifted to temples), and Pallichchandam (land donated to Jaina institutions). These land grants show how the Cholas supported different parts of society and religious groups.
In simple words: Chola kings gave land for different reasons: to farmers, priests, schools, temples, and Jaina institutions.

🎯 Exam Tip: List specific terms accurately and briefly explain each type of land grant for a comprehensive answer.

Question 3. What is Monuments?
Answer: Monuments are historical structures such as temples, palaces, mosques, tombs, and forts. Minars and minarets are also examples of monuments. They serve as physical records of past cultures and events. They often reveal the architectural styles, artistic skills, and societal values of the periods they were built in.
In simple words: Monuments are old buildings like temples, forts, and palaces that show us about the past.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing historical features, provide a broad definition and include several distinct examples to illustrate it.

Question 4. What are the main features of the Delhi Sultanate?
Answer: The main architectural features that marked the Delhi Sultanate period were the use of arches, domes, and tall minarets. These elements reflected a fusion of Indian and Islamic styles. These structures had a strong Persian and Central Asian influence combined with local Indian craftsmanship.
In simple words: Arches, domes, and minarets were the key building styles of the Delhi Sultanate.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on unique characteristics when describing a historical period's architecture to highlight its distinct identity.

Question 5. Point out the travelogues of Morcopolo.
Answer: Marco Polo, a famous traveler from Venice, visited the Pandya Kingdom in South India. In his travelogues, he wrote about the significant trade of horses, noting that thousands were imported into southern India from regions like Arabia and Persia. His writings give us a window into the thriving trade networks of the medieval world.
In simple words: Marco Polo visited the Pandya Kingdom and wrote about how many horses were brought to South India from Arabia and Persia.

🎯 Exam Tip: When discussing travelers, mention their origin, the places they visited, and one or two significant observations they made.

VII. Answer The Following:

Question 1. What are the sources? Mention the types of sources with examples?
Answer: Sources are any materials, documents, or records that act as evidence to help us understand and rebuild the story of the past. These sources are generally divided into two main types: Primary Sources and Secondary Sources.
Primary sources are direct evidence from the time period itself, such as inscriptions, monuments, and coins. Secondary sources are interpretations or accounts created after the event, like chronicles, travelogues, biographies, and autobiographies written by later authors. Historians carefully analyze both types of sources to get a complete picture of past events.
In simple words: Sources are things like old papers or buildings that help us learn about history. They can be direct evidence (primary) or stories told later (secondary).

🎯 Exam Tip: Define "sources" broadly and then clearly differentiate between primary and secondary sources with appropriate historical examples for each.

Question 2. Give a detailed account of copper plates.
Answer: Copper plate grants were official legal documents used in ancient and medieval India. These plates recorded gifts and endowments made by rulers to individuals, especially priests or teachers, and institutions, including Hindu, Buddhist, or Jaina ones.
During the later Chola period (10th to 13th century), despite the relatively high cost of copper plates, they were used for significant grants. However, the influence of Islamic-Persian practices also led to the use of palm leaves and paper for records. Important examples of such grants include the Tiruvalangadu plates issued by Rajendra Chola I and the Anbil plates of Sundara Chola, which provide valuable historical information. These durable records helped establish land ownership and maintain religious and educational institutions over long periods.
In simple words: Copper plates were like old legal papers used by kings to record gifts of land or other things. They show who received gifts, like priests or teachers, and are important historical documents. For example, the Tiruvalangadu plates are well-known copper plate grants.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked for a detailed account, explain the purpose, content, and significance of the historical item, and include relevant examples.