Samacheer Kalvi Class 6 Social Science Solutions Term 2 Chapter 2 The Constitution of India

I. Choose the correct Answer

Question 1. The Constitution Day is celebrated on
(a) January 26
(b) August 15
(c) November 26
(d) December 9
Answer: (c) November 26
In simple words: Constitution Day, also known as Samvidhan Divas, is celebrated on November 26th each year in India. This day marks when the Constitution of India was adopted in 1949.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember key dates like Constitution Day. Linking events to their dates helps in recalling information quickly.

Question 2. The Constituent Assembly accepted the Constitution of India in the year
(a) 1946
(b) 1950
(c) 1947
(d) 1949
Answer: (d) 1949
In simple words: The Constituent Assembly completed and accepted the Constitution in 1949, though it was fully put into action in 1950. It took nearly three years to write this important document.

🎯 Exam Tip: Distinguish between the year of adoption (acceptance) and the year of enforcement (coming into effect) of the Constitution.

Question 3. There are amendments made in the Constitution of India till 2016.
(a) 101
(b) 100
(c) 78
(d) 46
Answer: (a) 101
In simple words: By the year 2016, there had been 101 changes, or amendments, made to the Constitution of India. These changes help to update the Constitution as the country grows and new needs arise.

🎯 Exam Tip: Note that the number of amendments keeps changing. Always refer to the specific year mentioned in the question when answering such questions.

Question 4. Which of the following is not a fundamental right?
(a) Right to freedom
(b) Right to equality
(c) Right to vote
(d) Right to education
Answer: (c) Right to vote
In simple words: While the right to vote is very important in a democracy, it is a legal right, not one of the six fundamental rights listed in the Constitution. Fundamental rights are basic human rights given to all citizens.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the difference between fundamental rights, legal rights, and other types of rights in India. Fundamental rights are listed specifically in the Constitution's Part III.

Question 5. An Indian citizen has the right to vote at
(a) 14 years
(b) 18 years
(c) 16 years
(d) 21 years
Answer: (b) 18 years
In simple words: In India, once a person turns 18 years old, they are allowed to vote in elections. This age limit is set so that citizens can make informed choices about their leaders.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the universal voting age in India, as it is a fundamental aspect of democratic participation.

II. Fill in the blanks

Question. Fill in the blanks:
1. __________ was selected as the chairman of the Constituent Assembly.
2. The father of the Constitution of India is __________.
3. __________ protects our fundamental rights.
4. The Constitution of India came into existence on __________.
Answer:
1. Mr. Rajendra Prasad
2. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar
3. Law of the country
4. 26th January 1950
In simple words: Dr. Rajendra Prasad led the group that wrote the Constitution. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar is called the main creator of the Constitution. The Constitution acts as the supreme law that protects our basic rights. This important document officially started on January 26, 1950.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on remembering the key figures and dates associated with the making and enforcement of the Indian Constitution.

III. Match the following

Question. Match the following:

🎯 Exam Tip: Thoroughly learn and memorize important dates and their significance related to the Indian Constitution and national holidays.

IV. Answer the question given under the caption (Constituent Assembly)

Question 1. In which year was the Constituent Assembly formed?
Answer: The Constituent Assembly was formed in the year 1946. This assembly was responsible for drafting the Constitution of independent India.
In simple words: The group that wrote India's Constitution started in 1946.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the formation year of the Constituent Assembly as it marks the beginning of India's journey to becoming a sovereign republic.

Question 2. How many members were in the Drafting Committee?
Answer: There were eight members in the Drafting Committee. This small but dedicated group worked hard to prepare the first draft of the Constitution.
In simple words: The main committee that wrote the first plan for the Constitution had eight members.

🎯 Exam Tip: Knowing the number of members in the Drafting Committee highlights the concentrated effort involved in creating the Constitution.

Question 3. How many women were part of the Constituent Assembly?
Answer: There were fifteen women participants in the Constituent Assembly. These women played an important role in shaping the nation's future.
In simple words: Fifteen women were part of the group that made the Constitution.

🎯 Exam Tip: This fact highlights the inclusive nature of the Constituent Assembly and the role of women in nation-building.

Question 4. When was the Constitution of India completed?
Answer: The Constitution of India was completed on 26th November 1949. This date is now celebrated as Constitution Day.
In simple words: The Constitution was finished on November 26, 1949.

🎯 Exam Tip: Be precise with the date of completion, as it is a significant historical milestone.

V. Answer the following questions

Question 1. Why was January 26 adopted as Republic day?
Answer:
1. In 1929, when the Congress party met in Lahore, its members informally declared January 26th as the Day of Pooma Swaraj, meaning complete self-governance.
2. The next year, on January 26, 1930, this day was celebrated as Independence Day. To honor this historic event, the same date was chosen for Republic Day when the Constitution came into full effect. This day officially marks India becoming a republic.
In simple words: January 26 was chosen for Republic Day because it was the day in 1930 when India first celebrated its unofficial independence. It was a very important day for showing India's desire for full freedom.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explain the historical significance of January 26th, linking it to the demand for 'Pooma Swaraj' and its adoption as Republic Day.

Question 2. What is the Constitution of India?
Answer:
1. The Constitution of India is the supreme law of the land. It is the most important legal document in the country.
2. All citizens and the government must follow its rules.
3. It explains the basic ideas about how government bodies should be structured, their methods, powers, and duties.
4. It also lists the fundamental rights and duties of the citizens.
5. Directive Principles, which are guidelines for the government, are also mentioned in the Constitution.
6. So, it is a complete document covering all aspects of governance and citizen rights.
In simple words: The Indian Constitution is the main rulebook for the country. It tells how the government works, what rights people have, and what rules everyone must follow. It guides the entire nation.

🎯 Exam Tip: Define the Constitution as the supreme law and highlight its key functions, such as outlining government powers, citizen rights, and directive principles.

Question 3. List out the special features of the Constitution of India.
Answer:
1. The Preamble is like the introduction to the Constitution, stating its main goals.
2. According to the Constitution, India is a Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, and Democratic Republic. This means India is independent, cares for its people, respects all religions, and is ruled by elected representatives.
3. The Constitution gives the power to rule to the people. Sovereignty means that the ultimate power lies with the country itself.
4. The term 'secular' means that all citizens have the freedom to follow any religion they choose.
5. The Constitution sets up a Parliamentary form of Government, which operates at both the central and state levels.
In simple words: India's Constitution starts with a Preamble. It says India is a free, socialist, secular, and democratic country. It gives people the power to rule and ensures freedom of religion. It also creates a parliamentary government system.

🎯 Exam Tip: When listing special features, always include key terms like 'Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic Republic' and briefly explain what each means.

Question 4. What are the fundamental rights?
Answer: Fundamental rights are the basic human rights given to all citizens. They are essential for everyone's well-being and development. These rights include:

• Right to Equality
• Right to Freedom
• Right against Exploitation
• Right to Freedom of Religion
• Cultural and Educational Rights
• Right to Constitutional Remedies

🎯 Exam Tip: List all six fundamental rights accurately. Briefly explaining one or two rights can add value to your answer.

Question 5. List out the fundamental duties that you would like to fulfill.
Answer: As a responsible citizen, some fundamental duties I would like to fulfill are:
1. Respecting the National Flag and National Anthem. This shows love and respect for our country.
2. Respecting and protecting the Constitution. This means upholding the rules and principles that govern our nation.
3. Being ready to serve our country if the need arises. This could involve national service or defending the nation.
4. Treating everyone as brothers and sisters, promoting harmony and brotherhood.
5. Avoiding violence and protecting public property.
6. Protecting government property and public spaces.
In simple words: My duties include respecting our flag and anthem, protecting the Constitution, being ready to serve the country, treating everyone like family, and keeping public property safe from violence.

🎯 Exam Tip: Choose duties that you can explain clearly and that show your understanding of civic responsibility. Provide a brief reason or example for each duty.

Question 6. What is Preamble?
Answer:
1. The Preamble of our Constitution emphasizes justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity. It sets out the guiding purpose and principles of the document.
2. It serves as the preface or introduction to the Constitution. According to it, India is a sovereign, socialist, secular, and democratic republic.
In simple words: The Preamble is the introduction to the Constitution. It states India's main goals, like justice, freedom, and equality for everyone.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explain the Preamble as the 'soul' or 'identity card' of the Constitution and list the core values it promises.

Question 7. What do you understand by Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity?
Answer:
1. The Preamble of the Indian Constitution clearly explains these concepts.
2. Justice means social, economic, and political fairness for all.
3. Liberty means freedom of thought, expression, belief, faith, and worship. It allows people to express themselves freely.
4. Equality means equality of status and opportunity for everyone, ensuring no discrimination.
5. Fraternity means assuring the dignity of each individual and the unity and integrity of the nation. It promotes a feeling of common brotherhood among all Indians.
In simple words: Liberty means being free to think, express, and believe. Equality means everyone is treated the same and gets equal chances. Fraternity means a strong feeling of brotherhood and unity among all people in the nation, respecting each person.

🎯 Exam Tip: Define each term clearly and separately. Emphasize how these concepts are interconnected and vital for a democratic society.

Question 8. Define: Sovereign
Answer:
1. The Constitution of India grants its people the right to vote for their leaders.
2. The members of the Parliament and the Legislative Assembly are chosen by the people themselves.
3. The right to make decisions rests only with these elected representatives.
4. Sovereignty means that the country has ultimate power and is completely independent. India makes its own decisions without outside interference.
5. This means India is an independent country.
6. India is not under the control of any external power or influence.
In simple words: Sovereign means that a country is completely independent and can make its own decisions without anyone else telling it what to do. The people choose their leaders, who then make decisions for the nation.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight that sovereignty implies both internal and external independence, meaning the country governs itself and is not subject to foreign control.

VI. Projects and Activities

Question 1. Let the students work individually or in a group to prepare rules for their class. From them discuss and form a list of rules and regulations for their class.
Answer: Rules and regulations help create a good learning environment. Here is a list of rules for a class:
1. Listen carefully to the teacher when they are speaking.
2. Always show respect to each other, including classmates and staff.
3. Respect other people's property and belongings.
4. Listen to others when they are talking and do not interrupt.
5. Take good care of our classroom equipment and resources. Following these rules helps everyone learn better and feel safe.
In simple words: Class rules help everyone. They include listening to the teacher, respecting others, taking care of things, and being quiet when someone else talks.

🎯 Exam Tip: When forming rules, ensure they are clear, simple, and promote a positive and respectful learning environment for all students.

Question 2. List your duties at
(a) School
(b) Home and
(c) Society
Answer:
(a) At School:
1. Participate actively in all learning opportunities. This includes asking questions and doing group work.
2. Attend school regularly and always arrive on time. Punctuality is important for learning.

(b) At Home:
1. Honour and respect your father and mother. Listen to their advice and help them.
2. Maintain simple hygiene, like brushing teeth, washing and drying hands, and keeping hair neat. This keeps you healthy.

(c) At Society:
1. Help to teach illiterate people to read and write. Sharing knowledge helps others.
2. Take an active role in literacy campaigns to spread education in the community. Education is important for everyone.
In simple words: At school, I should learn and be on time. At home, I should respect my parents and stay clean. In society, I should help people learn to read and write.

🎯 Exam Tip: Provide specific, actionable duties for each category (school, home, society). Use clear and simple language to describe each duty.

Question 3. Discuss these topics:
1. Equality
2. Child labour
3. Right to Education
Answer:
1. Equality means that all people have equal rights and there should be no special privileges for anyone. This ensures everyone is treated fairly and has the same opportunities.
2. Child labour refers to employing children in any work that takes away their childhood. This often includes dangerous jobs that prevent them from going to school.
3. The right to education is a fundamental human right. Every person, no matter their race, gender, background, religion, or age, has the right to free primary education. It helps everyone grow and achieve their full potential.
In simple words: Equality means treating everyone the same with no special benefits. Child labor is when kids are made to work instead of going to school. The Right to Education means every child should get free basic schooling.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly define each term. For "child labour" and "right to education," also mention the negative impacts or positive aspects of each concept.

Question 4. Kailash Satyarthi (India) and Malala Yusufsai (Pakistan) have been awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace (2014) Find out the reason why?
Answer: Kailash Satyarthi from India and Malala Yusufsai from Pakistan were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2014 for their important struggle against the suppression of children and young people. They also fought for the right of all children to receive an education. Their work highlighted the global issues of child labor and lack of educational opportunities for many.
In simple words: They won the Nobel Peace Prize because they worked hard to stop child abuse and ensure all children, especially young ones, could go to school.

🎯 Exam Tip: When discussing Nobel laureates, always state their names, countries, and the specific reason for their award clearly.

VII. Life Skill

Question 1. Which of the fundamental rights do you like the most? Why?
Answer: I like the Right to Education the most. It guarantees that every child has the opportunity to go to school and learn, which is crucial for building a better future. Education helps us understand our other rights and duties, making us responsible citizens. The Constitution aims to ensure everyone has this basic right. I also value the Right against Exploitation, which prohibits child labor and forced work, ensuring children can learn instead of being forced into labor. This right protects people from being misused.
In simple words: I like the Right to Education best because it helps all children learn and grow. I also like the Right against Exploitation, which stops bad work practices like child labor.

🎯 Exam Tip: When answering personal preference questions, state your chosen right clearly and provide at least two strong, well-reasoned points to support your choice.

Question 2. Fundamental rights and duties are guaranteed by the constitution. Look at the picture and share your opinions. (For Students)
Answer: The picture shows children working, which is a clear example of child labor. This situation goes against the fundamental Right against Exploitation, which is guaranteed by the Constitution. This right ensures that no child is forced into labor and promotes their right to go to school. As citizens, it is our duty to report child labor and support initiatives that provide education and a safe environment for all children. Such acts violate a child's right to a normal childhood and development. We must protect them.
In simple words: The picture shows child labor, which is wrong. It breaks the fundamental Right against Exploitation. We must help stop child labor and make sure children can go to school.

🎯 Exam Tip: When analyzing images, connect the visual content to relevant constitutional principles or social issues and suggest practical solutions or duties.

Additional Important Questions and Answers

I. Fill in the blanks Answer

Question. Fill in the blanks:
1. The Constitutions of nearly __________ countries have been adopted by our Constitution.
2. __________ refers to the ultimate power of the country.
3. __________ is collectively responsible to the legislature.
4. The chief architect of the Drafting Committee was __________.
5. The Constitution of India provides a __________ form of government both at the centre and the state.
Answer:
1. 60
2. Sovereignty
3. Executive
4. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar
5. Parliamentary
In simple words: India's Constitution took ideas from about 60 other countries. Sovereignty means a country has full power. The Executive branch is responsible to the legislature. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar was the main person who designed the Constitution. India uses a parliamentary system of government.

🎯 Exam Tip: Ensure you know the approximate number of constitutions referenced, the definition of sovereignty, the role of the executive, the key architect of the Constitution, and India's form of government.

II. Answer the following questions

Question 1. What is the Universal Adult Franchise?
Answer: Universal Adult Franchise means that every Indian citizen has the right to vote once they turn 18 years of age. This right is given to all adults regardless of their caste, religion, gender, or wealth. It is a key feature of democracy.
In simple words: Universal Adult Franchise means every adult Indian citizen, 18 or older, has the right to vote.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly define Universal Adult Franchise and specify the age limit, emphasizing its importance in a democratic setup.

Question 2. What are the Directive Principles?
Answer: Directive Principles are specific guidelines that the government should follow when making laws. They are like instructions to the state to ensure the welfare of the people and establish social and economic democracy. These principles are not enforceable by courts but are fundamental to governance.
In simple words: Directive Principles are like helpful instructions for the government to follow when they make new laws for the country.

🎯 Exam Tip: Define Directive Principles as guidelines for the government and clarify that they are not legally enforceable by courts, but are important for good governance.

Question 3. What is Democracy?
Answer: Democracy is a type of government where the people of a country elect their representatives. These chosen representatives then make decisions on behalf of the people. This system ensures that the power lies with the citizens, either directly or through their chosen leaders.
In simple words: Democracy is a government where people choose their leaders through voting. These leaders then work for the people.

🎯 Exam Tip: When defining democracy, emphasize the role of the people in electing representatives and the concept of rule by the people.

Question 4. What is Secular?
Answer: A secular state is one that does not favor or discriminate against anyone based on their religious beliefs. It means the state treats all religions equally and does not have its own official religion. This ensures freedom of religion for all citizens.
In simple words: A secular state treats all religions the same and does not have an official religion. It means no one is treated differently because of their faith.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explain that a secular state maintains neutrality towards all religions and ensures religious freedom for its citizens without favoring any one religion.

III. Mind map