Samacheer Kalvi Class 5 Social Science Solutions Term 3 Chapter 2 Agriculture

Evaluation

I. Choose The Correct Answer:

 

Question 1. _________ is the cultivation of crops.
(a) Irrigation
(b) Agriculture
(c) Excavation
Answer: (b) Agriculture
In simple words: Agriculture means growing plants and raising animals for food and other products. It is the process of farming.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that agriculture covers both growing plants (cultivation) and raising animals (livestock farming).

 

Question 2. A _________ is a person who is engaged in agriculture.
(a) doctor
(b) teacher
(c) farmer
Answer: (c) farmer
In simple words: A farmer is someone whose job is to work on a farm and grow food or keep animals. They are key to producing our food.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connect the occupation (farmer) directly with the activity (agriculture) to easily recall this answer.

 

Question 3. _________ farming refers to the raising of animals along with the crops.
(a) Commercial
(b) Mixed
(c) Subsistence
Answer: (b) Mixed
In simple words: Mixed farming is when a farmer grows crops and also keeps animals at the same time on the same land. It helps use resources efficiently.

🎯 Exam Tip: The term "mixed" clearly implies combining two different activities, in this case, crops and animals.

 

Question 4. _________ monitors the level and nature of groundwater.
(a) Central Ground Water Board
(b) Metro Water Board
(c) Sewage Water Board
Answer: (a) Central Ground Water Board
In simple words: The Central Ground Water Board is a government body that checks how much water is underground and what kind it is. They help manage the country's water resources.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that "Ground Water" in the name directly relates to its function of monitoring underground water levels.

 

Question 5. _________ is the largest cotton producing district in Tamil Nadu.
(a) Coimbatore
(b) Chennai
(c) Cuddalore
Answer: (a) Coimbatore
In simple words: Coimbatore is a very important district in Tamil Nadu because it grows the most cotton. It is a hub for cotton production.

🎯 Exam Tip: Memorize key facts about districts known for specific agricultural products, as these are common knowledge questions.

 

II. Match The Following:

 

Question. Match the following items with their correct descriptions:
1. Plantation farming
2. Mixed farming
3. Commercial farming
4. Well irrigation
5. Subsistence farming
- rearing of animals
- oldest method
- single cash crop
- for family consumption
- for trade
Answer:
1. Plantation farming - single cash crop
2. Mixed farming - rearing of animals
3. Commercial farming - for trade
4. Well irrigation - oldest method
5. Subsistence farming - for family consumption
In simple words: Match each type of farming with its main characteristic. Plantation farming grows one big crop, mixed farming combines crops and animals, commercial farming is for selling, well irrigation is an old way to water crops, and subsistence farming is just for the family's needs.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the core purpose of each farming type (e.g., subsistence = survival, commercial = selling) to easily make the correct matches.

 

III. True Or False:

 

Question 1. Rice is the leading food crop in Tamil Nadu.
Answer: True
In simple words: Yes, rice is the most important food crop grown and eaten in Tamil Nadu. It is a staple food for many people.

🎯 Exam Tip: Know the primary food crops of your state or region, as these are fundamental geographical facts.

 

Question 2. Tamil Nadu has two soil types.
Answer: False
In simple words: This statement is not correct; Tamil Nadu actually has more than just two types of soil. Different regions have different soil compositions.

🎯 Exam Tip: Be aware that most regions have diverse soil types; a statement limiting it to only two is often incorrect.

 

Question 3. Drip irrigation is a type of micro-irrigation system.
Answer: True
In simple words: Yes, drip irrigation is a method that delivers water directly to the plant roots in small amounts, making it a micro-irrigation system. This helps save water.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand that "micro-irrigation" refers to methods that use water very efficiently, like drip or sprinkler systems.

 

Question 4. Jackfruit is an example of plantation crop.
Answer: False
In simple words: No, jackfruit is usually grown as a garden or homestead fruit tree, not typically on large plantations like tea or coffee. Plantation crops are usually grown on big estates.

🎯 Exam Tip: Differentiate between common garden fruits and crops grown on large-scale plantations (e.g., tea, coffee, rubber).

 

Question 5. Mango is the leading fruit crop of Tamil Nadu.
Answer: True
In simple words: Yes, mangoes are the most widely grown and popular fruit crop in Tamil Nadu. The state is known for its mango production.

🎯 Exam Tip: Keep updated on leading agricultural products for different regions, especially major food items.

 

IV. Answer The Following:

 

Question 1. What is agriculture?
Answer: Agriculture is both an art and a science that involves getting the soil ready to grow crops and raising farm animals. This practice has been very important for how human societies developed over time. It helps us produce food and resources for everyone.
In simple words: Agriculture is about preparing land to grow plants and keeping animals for human use. It helped human civilization grow.

🎯 Exam Tip: Define agriculture by mentioning both crop cultivation and animal rearing, highlighting its scientific and artistic aspects.

 

Question 2. Write about farmers.
Answer: A farmer is a person who grows crops and raises animals like chickens and other livestock. India is often called a land of farmers because a large number of its people are directly or indirectly involved in farming activities. Farmers play a vital role in providing food for everyone.
In simple words: Farmers grow crops and raise animals. Many people in India work in farming, showing its importance to the country.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing farmers, mention their dual role (crops and animals) and their significance to the country's economy and food supply.

 

Question 3. Name the different types of farming.
Answer: There are several main types of farming practices. These include:

• Subsistence farming
• Commercial farming
• Plantation farming
• Mixed farming

Each type serves different purposes and has its own methods.
In simple words: Farming can be of different kinds: subsistence (for self), commercial (for selling), plantation (big farms for one crop), and mixed (crops and animals together).

🎯 Exam Tip: List the different types of farming clearly. Knowing a brief definition for each will also help you answer related questions.

 

Question 4. What is well irrigation?
Answer: Well irrigation involves using water from wells to supply land or crops for agricultural production. This method has been used in Tamil Nadu for many generations and is considered a less expensive way to irrigate. Wells tap into underground water sources.
In simple words: Well irrigation uses water from wells to water crops. It's an old and cheap way to irrigate in Tamil Nadu.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explain well irrigation by focusing on its source (wells), its traditional use, and its cost-effectiveness.

 

Question 5. What is well irrigation?
Answer: Well irrigation involves drawing water from wells to water crops, a practice common in Tamil Nadu for many years due to its affordability. The Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) is a government agency that provides scientific knowledge for managing, exploring, monitoring, and regulating groundwater resources across the country. The CGWB also specifically monitors the level and quality of groundwater.
In simple words: Well irrigation is an old, cheap way to water crops in Tamil Nadu. The Central Ground Water Board helps manage and check groundwater levels and quality for the whole country.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked about well irrigation, include its traditional use, cost, and mention the role of government bodies like CGWB in managing groundwater.

 

V. Answer In Detail:

 

Question 1. Write about mixed and plantation farming.
Answer:

• Mixed Farming: This type of farming means raising animals alongside growing crops. It is an economical approach because farmers can use animal waste as fertilizer for crops and crops can feed the animals.
• Plantation Farming: This method is carried out on large estates where only a single cash crop is grown on a big scale. Examples of these crops include tea, coffee, and rubber. Plantation farming usually requires a lot of labor and capital.

In simple words: Mixed farming grows crops and raises animals together to save money. Plantation farming is growing only one type of crop on a very large farm, like tea or coffee.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly define each farming type, providing examples for plantation farming and highlighting the economic benefit of mixed farming.

 

Question 2. Explain any two types of irrigation.
Answer:

• Well Irrigation: This system has been used in Tamil Nadu for many generations and is known for being a less expensive way to water crops. It uses groundwater drawn from wells.
• Canal Irrigation: This is a very important type of irrigation in India. Most of the canals in North India carry water all year round (perennial). Major areas irrigated by canals are in the northern plains of India, like Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, and Bihar. Canals are human-made channels for water.

In simple words: Well irrigation is a cheaper, traditional way to get water from underground. Canal irrigation uses long channels to bring water to fields, especially in North India.

🎯 Exam Tip: Choose two distinct irrigation types, describe how they work, mention their advantages (like cost or perennial nature), and give relevant geographical examples.

 

Question 3. Write about the important crops of Tamil Nadu.
Answer: Tamil Nadu is well-suited for growing many different types of crops. These include fruits, vegetables, various spices, plantation crops, flowers, and plants used for medicine and fragrance. Horticulture, which is the science of growing fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants, is currently the fastest-growing part of agriculture in Tamil Nadu. Paddy (rice) is grown in large areas because it is the main food for the state's population. The main food crops grown are rice, maize, jowar (cholam), bajra (Kambu), ragi, and pulses such as Bengal gram, red gram, green gram, black gram, and horse gram.
In simple words: Tamil Nadu grows many fruits, vegetables, spices, and flowers. Rice is its main food crop. Growing fruits and vegetables (horticulture) is also a fast-growing farming area there.

🎯 Exam Tip: Categorize crops (fruits, vegetables, food grains, plantation crops) and mention the most important ones for the state, along with the significance of horticulture.

 

Activity:

 

Question 1. One who produces food for us _________
Answer: Farmer
In simple words: The person who grows our food is called a farmer.

🎯 Exam Tip: For fill-in-the-blanks, always think of the most direct and common word that fits the sentence perfectly.

 

Question 2. It is used for ploughing _________
Answer: Tractor
In simple words: A tractor is a machine used to plough fields for farming.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify common agricultural tools and their primary functions to answer such questions accurately.

 

Question 3. It is used for separating grain from hay _________
Answer: Winnower
In simple words: A winnower is a tool that helps separate the grain from the rest of the plant material, like hay.

🎯 Exam Tip: Learn the names of basic farming equipment and their uses, as they are part of agricultural vocabulary.

 

Think Zone:

 

Question 1. Which state is known as the Rice bowl of India?
Answer: Andhra Pradesh is known as the Rice bowl of India. The state's fertile deltas and extensive paddy cultivation contribute to this title.
In simple words: Andhra Pradesh is called the "Rice bowl of India" because it produces a lot of rice.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember geographical nicknames for states or regions, especially those related to major agricultural products.

 

Samacheer Kalvi 5th Social Science Guide Agriculture Additional Questions And Answers

 

I. Choose The Correct Answer:

 

Question 1. _________ of our national's income comes from agriculture.
(a) One-third
(b) Two-third
(c) One-forth
Answer: (a) One-third
In simple words: A big part, specifically one-third, of the total money our country earns comes from farming. This shows how important agriculture is to the economy.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the significant contribution of agriculture to the national income, even if the exact fraction may vary slightly over time.

 

Question 2. _________ is a land of farmers.
(a) Europe
(b) India
(c) Japan
Answer: (b) India
In simple words: India is often called a land of farmers because a very large number of its people work in agriculture. Farming is a big part of life there.

🎯 Exam Tip: Relate countries to their primary economic activities or cultural characteristics, like India's strong agricultural base.

 

Question 3. _________ method of farming is done by using modern tools and techniques.
(a) Plantation farming
(b) Subsistence farming
(c) Commercial farming
Answer: (c) Commercial farming
In simple words: Commercial farming uses new machines and methods to grow crops on a large scale for selling. This helps produce more efficiently.

🎯 Exam Tip: Distinguish commercial farming (for profit, large scale, modern methods) from subsistence farming (for family use, traditional methods).

 

Question 4. _________ is the most important form of irrigation in India.
(a) Well irrigation
(b) Canal irrigation
(c) Sprinkler irrigation
Answer: (a) Well irrigation
In simple words: In India, well irrigation is widely used and considered the most important way to water farms. It taps into underground water sources.

🎯 Exam Tip: Be aware of the predominant irrigation methods in different regions of India. While canal irrigation is significant, well irrigation often leads in total area irrigated.

 

Question 5. _________ is known as the Rice bowl of Tamil Nadu.
(a) Thanjavur
(b) Chennai
(c) Madurai
Answer: (a) Thanjavur
In simple words: Thanjavur district is called the "Rice bowl of Tamil Nadu" because it grows a lot of rice, especially in the fertile Cauvery Delta.

🎯 Exam Tip: Learn the specific regions known for particular crops within your state, as these are common local knowledge questions.

 

II. Fill In The Blanks:

 

Question 1. _________ is the branch of agriculture.
Answer: Animal husbandry
In simple words: Animal husbandry is a part of agriculture that deals with raising farm animals.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that agriculture is a broad field, and animal husbandry is one of its key specialized branches.

 

Question 2. _________ has become a necessity for humans.
Answer: Agriculture
In simple words: Growing food through agriculture is absolutely essential for humans to survive and thrive.

🎯 Exam Tip: Think about what humans cannot live without; food production through agriculture is a fundamental necessity.

 

Question 3. Agricultural development contributes to the _________ of our country.
Answer: Economy
In simple words: When agriculture grows, it helps make our country's economy stronger. It brings money and jobs.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the basic relationship between agriculture and a country's overall economic well-being.

 

Question 4. _________ type of farming is economical.
Answer: Mixed farming
In simple words: Mixed farming, where crops and animals are raised together, is a smart and cost-effective way to farm.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recall that mixed farming is economical because resources like animal waste and crop residues can be reused, reducing costs.

 

Question 5. Tamil Nadu depends on _________ and monsoon.
Answer: Northeast, South west
In simple words: Tamil Nadu relies on both the Northeast and Southwest monsoons for its rainfall and water supply. These rainy seasons are very important.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify the specific monsoon seasons that bring rain to different parts of India, especially for agricultural states like Tamil Nadu.

 

Question 6. _________ has been practised in Tamil Nadu for many generations.
Answer: Well Irrigation
In simple words: Well irrigation has been a traditional and long-standing method of watering fields in Tamil Nadu.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recognize that traditional farming methods often have a long history of use in a region due to their effectiveness and suitability to local conditions.

 

Question 7. Water is sprayed through pipes in the air through _________
Answer: Sprinklers
In simple words: Sprinklers are devices that spray water into the air through pipes, mimicking rainfall to water crops.

🎯 Exam Tip: Visualize how sprinklers work (spraying water like rain) to remember their function in irrigation.

 

III. True Or False:

 

Question 1. Agriculture led to the development of human civilisation.
Answer: True
In simple words: Yes, farming allowed people to settle in one place and grow food, which helped build towns and advanced human societies. It was a major step for human progress.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connect the development of agriculture with the rise of settled communities and civilizations, as this is a fundamental historical concept.

 

Question 2. Agriculture is the backbone of our economy.
Answer: True
In simple words: Yes, agriculture is the main support of our country's economy, providing food, jobs, and raw materials. It's the primary source of income for many.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the metaphor of "backbone" to signify agriculture's essential and supporting role in a country's economy, especially in India.

 

Question 3. In commercial farming, crops, are cultivated and used only for own family consumption.
Answer: False
In simple words: No, commercial farming grows crops to sell for money, not just for the family to eat. That would be subsistence farming.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly differentiate between commercial farming (for sale) and subsistence farming (for family consumption) to avoid common errors.

 

Question 4. Canal irrigation is the most important form of irrigation in India.
Answer: True
In simple words: Yes, canal irrigation plays a very important role in watering farms across India, especially in the northern plains. It helps bring water over long distances.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recognize the significant role of canal irrigation in India's agricultural landscape, particularly in regions with large river systems.

 

Question 5. Sprinkler irrigation is a type of micro-irrigation system that saves water and soil nutrients.
Answer: False
In simple words: While sprinkler irrigation saves water compared to traditional methods, drip irrigation is the one known for saving both water and soil nutrients very efficiently. Sprinklers do not specifically preserve soil nutrients in the same way.

🎯 Exam Tip: Differentiate between sprinkler and drip irrigation; drip irrigation is generally recognized for superior water and nutrient saving efficiency.

 

Question 6. Chennai is known as the Manchester of South India.
Answer: False
In simple words: No, Chennai is not called the Manchester of South India; that title belongs to Coimbatore, known for its textile industry.

🎯 Exam Tip: Be precise with geographical nicknames; "Manchester of South India" refers to Coimbatore because of its textile industry, similar to Manchester, UK.

 

IV. Match The Following:

 

Question. Match the following items:
1. Cash crops
2. Fruit crops
3. Food crops
4. Thanjavur
5. Coimbatore
(a) Rice
(b) Cauvery Delta
(c) Manchester of South India
(d) Mango
(e) Sugarcane
Answer:
1. Cash crops - (e) Sugarcane
2. Fruit crops - (d) Mango
3. Food crops - (a) Rice
4. Thanjavur - (b) Cauvery Delta
5. Coimbatore - (c) Manchester of South India
In simple words: Match cash crops with sugarcane, fruit crops with mango, food crops with rice. Connect Thanjavur with the Cauvery Delta, and Coimbatore with the title "Manchester of South India."

🎯 Exam Tip: Create categories (types of crops, districts and their specialties) to help you accurately match the pairs.

 

V. Answer The Following:

 

Question 1. Define micro farmers.
Answer: Micro farmers are people who cultivate crops on a very small piece of land, typically less than one hectare. They usually grow food mainly for their own families.
In simple words: Micro farmers are those who farm on land smaller than 1 hectare.

🎯 Exam Tip: Define "micro farmers" by the size of their landholding (less than 1 hectare), which is a key characteristic.

 

Question 2. Write a short note on subsistence farming.
Answer: Subsistence farming is a type of farming where crops are grown mainly to feed the farmer's own family. It is often practiced by small and marginal farmers who own fragmented pieces of land. The crops cultivated are typically food crops, meant for survival rather than for selling.
In simple words: Subsistence farming is when farmers grow just enough food on small plots to feed their families, not to sell.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the main purpose (family consumption), land size (small/fragmented), and typical farmers (small/marginal) when describing subsistence farming.

 

Question 3. Write about FCI.
Answer: FCI stands for the Food Corporation of India. It is one of the agencies set up by the government to buy farm products directly from farmers at fair prices. This helps farmers get a reasonable rate for their produce and ensures food security.
In simple words: FCI (Food Corporation of India) is a government group that buys farm products from farmers at fair prices.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember FCI's role as a government agency for procurement of farm produce to ensure fair prices and maintain food reserves.

 

Question 4. What is Green revolution?.
Answer: The Green Revolution was a period of significant increase in crop production, particularly in India. This was achieved by introducing new types of high-yielding seeds, using pesticides, and adopting modern agricultural techniques. It transformed agriculture by increasing food supply.
In simple words: The Green Revolution greatly increased crop output by using new seeds, pesticides, and modern farming methods.

🎯 Exam Tip: Key elements of the Green Revolution to remember are increased production, high-yielding varieties of seeds, pesticides, and new agricultural techniques.

 

Question 5. Who is the father of Green revolution in India?
Answer: Dr. M.S. Swaminathan from Tamil Nadu is recognized as the Father of the Green Revolution in India. His efforts in agricultural research and policy significantly boosted food grain production.
In simple words: Dr. M.S. Swaminathan is known as the father of the Green Revolution in India.

🎯 Exam Tip: It is important to remember key figures associated with significant national movements, like Dr. M.S. Swaminathan for the Green Revolution.

 

Question 6. What is animal husbandry?
Answer: Animal husbandry is a branch of agriculture that focuses on raising and caring for farm animals. This is done to produce various products such as meat, fur, milk, eggs, and other animal-derived goods. It involves careful management of livestock.
In simple words: Animal husbandry is part of agriculture that involves raising animals to get products like meat, milk, and eggs.

🎯 Exam Tip: Define animal husbandry by its focus (raising animals) and its purpose (producing animal products).

 

Question 7. What is Horticulture?
Answer: Horticulture is both a science and an art that involves cultivating and managing various plants. This includes growing fruits, vegetables, flowers, or ornamental plants. It's a specialized form of agriculture focusing on intensive plant cultivation.
In simple words: Horticulture is the art and science of growing fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental plants.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly state that horticulture focuses on fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants, distinguishing it from broader crop farming.

 

Question 8. Name some important cropping seasons in Tamil Nadu.
Answer: Some of the important cropping seasons in Tamil Nadu are:

• Navarai
• Sornavari
• Kar
• Kuruvai
• Samba
• Thaladi

These seasons are determined by rainfall patterns and temperature suitable for specific crops.
In simple words: Tamil Nadu has specific farming times like Navarai, Sornavari, Kar, Kuruvai, Samba, and Thaladi.

🎯 Exam Tip: Memorize the names of the key cropping seasons for Tamil Nadu, as these reflect the state's agricultural calendar.

 

VI. Answer The Following In Detail:

 

Question 1. What is Irrigation? and types of Irrigation.

 

Question 1. What is Irrigation? and types of Irrigation.
Answer: Irrigation means giving water to land or crops to help them grow for agricultural production. It helps plants get enough water, especially when there isn't enough rain. There are several main ways to do this:

• Well Irrigation
• Canal Irrigation
• Sprinkler Irrigation
• Drip Irrigation

In simple words: Irrigation is when we give water to crops and land so they can grow. There are different ways to do this, like using wells, canals, sprinklers, or drips.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on defining irrigation clearly and listing the main types without adding too much detail, unless the question specifically asks for explanations of each type.

 

Question 2. Write about sprinkler and Drip Irrigation.
Answer:

• Sprinkler Irrigation: This method of watering crops is like artificial rainfall. Water is sprayed high into the air through pipes and special devices called sprinklers. This helps spread water evenly over a large area.
• Drip Irrigation: This is a highly efficient micro-irrigation system that saves water and soil nutrients. In this system, water slowly drips directly onto the roots of plants through a network of pipes. These pipes can be placed above or below the soil surface. This method ensures water reaches the roots directly, which greatly reduces water loss from evaporation. It is very efficient and prevents water from being wasted.

In simple words: Sprinkler irrigation sprays water over crops like rain. Drip irrigation slowly drips water right to the plant roots through pipes, saving a lot of water.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing irrigation types, clearly explain how each system works and highlight its main advantages, such as water saving for drip irrigation or even spread for sprinklers.