Samacheer Kalvi Class 12 English Solutions Poem 4 Ulysses

12th English Guide Ulysses Text Book Back Questions and Answers

Textual Questions:

 

Question 1. Complete the summary of the poem, choosing words from the list given below:
Lines 1 to 32:
fullest, unquenchable, unattainable, experience, knowledge, king, matters, rust, adventure, unwilling, travel, breathing
Ulysses is (1) unwilling to discharge his duties as a (2) king, as he longs for (3) travel and wishes to live life to the (6) fullest. He is filled with an (4) unquenchable thirst for (5) adventure. He has travelled far and wide gaining (7) experience of various places, cultures, men and (8) matters. He recalls with delight his experience at the battle of Troy. Enriched by his (9) knowledge he longs for more and his quest seems endless. Like metal which would (10) rust if unused, life without adventure is meaningless. According to him living is not merely (11) breathing to stay alive. Though old but zestful, Ulysses looks at every hour as a bringer of new things and yearns to follow knowledge even if it is (12) unattainable.
Answer: Ulysses feels unwilling to perform his duties as a king. He strongly desires to travel and wishes to live life to the fullest. He has an unquenchable thirst for adventure. He has explored many places, cultures, and people, gaining much experience. He fondly remembers his time at the battle of Troy. His extensive knowledge makes him yearn for more, and his journey for discovery seems endless. He believes that a life without adventure is meaningless, just like metal that rusts if not used. For him, living means more than just breathing; it means constantly seeking new experiences and knowledge, even if it is difficult to achieve. He understands that new experiences enrich a person's life.
In simple words: Ulysses does not want to be a simple king; he wants to travel the world, gain experience, and learn new things forever. He feels life is wasted if not lived fully and adventurously.

🎯 Exam Tip: When completing a summary, read the entire passage first to understand the context, then fill in the blanks using words from the provided list that best fit the meaning and flow of the text.

 

Question 1. Complete the summary of the poem, choosing words from the list given below:
Lines 33 to 42:
prudence, kingdom, quest, tender
Ulysses desires to hand over his (1) kingdom to his son Telemachus, who would fulfil his duties towards his subjects with care and (2) tender. Telemachus possesses patience and has the will to civilise the citizens of Ithaca in a (3) prudence way. Ulysses is happy that his son would do his work blamelessly and he would pursue his (4) quest for travel and knowledge.
Answer: Ulysses wants to give his kingdom to his son, Telemachus. He trusts Telemachus to rule the people with care and gentleness. Telemachus is patient and wants to make the people of Ithaca more civilized. Ulysses is pleased that his son will do his duties well and will also seek new journeys and knowledge. This shows Ulysses' faith in his son's ability to govern.
In simple words: Ulysses wants his son Telemachus to take over his kingdom. He believes Telemachus will rule well, with kindness, and wisely make the people more civilized.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to keywords in the surrounding sentences to determine which vocabulary word from the list makes the most sense in each blank.

 

Question 1. Complete the summary of the poem, choosing words from the list given below:
Lines 44 to 70:
world, thunder, meaningful, gather, undaunted, heaven
Ulysses beckons his sailors to (1) gather at the port where the ship is ready to sail. His companions who have faced both (2) thunder and sunshine with a smile, are united by their undying spirit of adventure. Though death would end everything, Ulysses urges his companions to join him and sail beyond the sunset and seek a newer (3) world regardless of consequences. These brave hearts who had once moved (4) heaven and earth, may have grown old and weak physically but their spirit is young and (5) undaunted. His call is an inspiration for all those who seek true knowledge and strive to lead (6) meaningful lives.
Answer: Ulysses calls his sailors to meet him at the port where their ship is ready to leave. His companions have been with him through tough times (thunder) and good times (sunshine) and still love adventure. Even though they know everyone will die eventually, Ulysses encourages them to sail past the sunset to find new parts of the world, no matter what happens. These brave sailors, who once did amazing things, might be old and tired in body, but their spirit is still young and fearless. His message encourages everyone to look for real knowledge and live lives that matter. Their shared journey is a symbol of endless human exploration.
In simple words: Ulysses calls his old sailors to go on a new adventure, even though they are old. He tells them to seek new lands and knowledge with brave, fearless spirits, because life is about constant discovery.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that 'thunder and sunshine' is a common idiom for both difficulties and joys, representing the full spectrum of experiences.

2. Answer the following questions in one or two sentences each: (Text Book Page No. 131)

 

Question a. 'Ulysses is not happy to perform his duties as a king' Why?
Answer: Ulysses is not happy with the simple daily tasks of being a king because his heart longs for adventures and journeys far away. He feels bored having to enforce laws and give out punishments to his people, whom he sees as primitive. He longs for the excitement and challenge of exploration, which he finds more stimulating than ruling.
In simple words: Ulysses does not like being a king because he is bored with ruling. He wants to travel and explore new places instead.

🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining character emotions, always link them to the character's desires or circumstances mentioned in the text.

 

Question b. What does he think of the people of his kingdom?
Answer: Ulysses thinks the people of Ithaca are uncivilized and uncultured. He describes them as simple country folk who have a somewhat rude manner. He feels they are not as refined or adventurous as he is. He sees them as people who simply eat and sleep. The people of Ithaca seem content with a life that Ulysses finds too ordinary.
In simple words: Ulysses sees his people as uncultured, simple village folk who just eat and sleep, not adventurous or refined.

🎯 Exam Tip: Note specific adjectives or phrases the character uses to describe others, as these reveal their perspective.

 

Question c. What has Ulysses gained from his travel experiences?
Answer: Ulysses has met many people from different backgrounds during his travels. He learned a lot about their manners, ways of life, governments, and how they fight in battles. His journeys have given him a wide understanding of the world. He has become a part of all his experiences.
In simple words: Ulysses gained knowledge about different cultures, governments, and war strategies by meeting many people during his travels.

🎯 Exam Tip: When listing benefits, use clear, concise points to show a comprehensive understanding of the character's gains.

 

Question d. Pick out the lines which convey that his quest for travel is unending.
Answer: The line that shows his quest for travel is unending is: "I cannot rest from travel: I will drink life to the lees;". This means he will travel until the very end of his life. The phrase "drink life to the lees" shows his desire to experience every last drop of life.
In simple words: The line "I cannot rest from travel: I will drink life to the lees;" shows that Ulysses will never stop travelling until he dies.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always quote the exact lines from the poem when asked to 'pick out' specific evidence, and then briefly explain their meaning.

 

Question e. 'As tho' to breathe were life!' – From the given line what do you understand of Ulysses' attitude to life?
Answer: From this line, we understand that Ulysses believes simply existing or breathing is not true living. He thinks life should be full of adventure, excitement, and constant action. For him, life is about experiencing everything deeply and passionately, not just passively living. This quote emphasizes his active and adventurous view of life.
In simple words: Ulysses believes true life is not just breathing but being adventurous and active.

🎯 Exam Tip: Analyze rhetorical questions or exclamations to understand the intensity of a character's feelings or beliefs.

 

Question f. What does Ulysses yearn for?
Answer: Ulysses yearns for more travel and exciting adventures. He has a strong desire to explore unknown lands and discover new experiences. He wants to keep pushing the boundaries of what he knows and sees. This longing for the unknown drives his actions.
In simple words: Ulysses yearns for constant travel and new adventures in unknown places.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use strong verbs like 'yearns,' 'desires,' or 'longs for' to convey the depth of a character's wishes.

 

Question g. Who does the speaker address in the second part?
Answer: In the second part of the poem, the speaker, Ulysses, addresses the readers. He explains the difference between his own life goals and ruling style compared to those of his son, Telemachus. He is talking to a broader audience, sharing his thoughts and decisions. This allows him to reflect on his legacy and future.
In simple words: In the second part, Ulysses talks to the readers, explaining how his goals differ from his son Telemachus's.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify changes in address or tone within a poem to understand shifts in the speaker's focus or audience.

 

Question h. Why did Ulysses want to hand over the kingdom to his son?
Answer: Ulysses wanted to give his kingdom to his son, Telemachus, so that Telemachus could fulfill the duties of ruling the people. This would free Ulysses to continue his own quest for travel and knowledge. He believed his son was capable of ruling wisely and fairly. He trusted Telemachus to bring civilization to the people of Ithaca.
In simple words: Ulysses wanted to give his kingdom to Telemachus so he could keep traveling and seeking knowledge, trusting his son to rule well.

🎯 Exam Tip: When a character makes a significant decision, always look for both the personal motivation and the practical reasons behind it.

 

Question i. How would Telemachus transform the subjects?
Answer: Ulysses believes that Telemachus is smart and kind enough to change the rough and uncivilized people into gentle and polite subjects. He would do this through his calm and loving nature. Telemachus would use his wisdom and compassion to guide them. This demonstrates Ulysses' belief in his son's character.
In simple words: Ulysses thinks Telemachus will make the rough people polite and civilized using his wisdom and kindness.

🎯 Exam Tip: Note how different characters are portrayed and their contrasting qualities, such as Ulysses' adventurous spirit versus Telemachus's gentle wisdom.

 

Question j. 'He works his work, I mine' – How is the work distinguished?
Answer: This line shows how Ulysses's work is different from his son's. Ulysses's work is to leave Ithaca and continue his travels and quests, while Telemachus's work is to stay and rule the kingdom fairly. Ulysses is an explorer, and Telemachus is a ruler. Their duties are clearly separate but equally important for their respective paths.
In simple words: Ulysses's work is exploring and traveling, while his son's work is ruling the kingdom fairly.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify clear distinctions in responsibilities or goals described by contrasting phrases like 'he works... I mine.'

 

Question k. In what ways were Ulysses and his mariners alike?
Answer: Both Ulysses and his sailors are old now and no longer have the powerful strength they once had. Despite this physical weakness due to time and fate, they all share a strong will. They are determined "to strive, to seek, to find and not to yield." They also share a heroic spirit and an endless desire for knowledge and adventure. This common bond unites them.
In simple words: Ulysses and his sailors are all old and physically weak, but they share a strong will to keep trying, seeking, and finding, never giving up on adventure.

🎯 Exam Tip: Look for shared characteristics or motivations when asked to compare and contrast characters.

 

Question l. What could be the possible outcomes of their travel?
Answer: The possible outcomes of their travels could be gaining a deeper and more meaningful understanding of the world. They hope to discover new truths and live lives that are full of purpose and significance. Their journey is a quest for personal growth and enlightenment. This is a journey of self-discovery through exploration.
In simple words: Their travels might help them gain true knowledge and lead meaningful lives.

🎯 Exam Tip: When discussing possible outcomes, focus on the deeper, symbolic meanings of a journey, not just physical destinations.

 

3. Identify the figures of speech employed in the following lines:

🎯 Exam Tip: Memorize common figures of speech like metaphor, simile, personification, and alliteration. Practice identifying them in different poetic lines to quickly recognize them in exams.

4. Read the sets of lines from the poem and answer the questions that follow: (Text Book Page No. 132)

 

Question a) ........I mete and dole " Unequal laws unto a savage race, That hoard, and sleep, and feed, and know not me.
(i) What does Ulysses do?
Answer: Ulysses gives out rewards and punishments to his people. He rules them according to laws, even though he considers them a rough and uncivilized group. He also manages their lives, making decisions about their well-being. He serves as both a judge and a leader.
In simple words: Ulysses gives rewards and punishments and rules his people with laws.

🎯 Exam Tip: When a character describes their actions, paraphrase them clearly, focusing on the main verbs to convey what they do.

 

Question a) ........I mete and dole " Unequal laws unto a savage race, That hoard, and sleep, and feed, and know not me.
(ii) Did he enjoy what he was doing? Give reasons.
Answer: No, Ulysses did not enjoy what he was doing. He found this life wasteful when compared to his past adventurous life. He also complained that his people were uncivilized and only cared about eating and sleeping. He yearned for the excitement of exploration rather than the mundane duties of kingship. This shows his deep dissatisfaction with his current role.
In simple words: No, he didn't enjoy it. He thought ruling was a waste compared to his adventurous past, and he found his people uncivilized.

🎯 Exam Tip: To answer "Did he enjoy...?", look for clues about his feelings or comparisons he makes, like preferring his "previous life."

 

Question b) Yet all experience is an arch wherethrough
Gleams that untravelled world, whose margin
fades
Forever and forever when I move.
(i) What is experience compared to?
Answer: Experience is compared to an 'arch'. This arch is like a gateway that leads to an untravelled world. The more he moves, the more this unknown world seems to open up. This comparison suggests that experience is a continuous journey of discovery, never ending but always revealing something new.
In simple words: Experience is compared to an 'arch', which is like a gateway to new, undiscovered worlds.

🎯 Exam Tip: For literary comparisons, identify the two things being linked and explain what the comparison implies about their relationship.

 

Question b) Yet all experience is an arch wherethrough
Gleams that untravelled world, whose margin
fades
Forever and forever when I move.
(ii) How do the lines convey that the experience is endless?
Answer: The lines say that the "untravelled world, whose margin fades / Forever and forever when I move" which means that as Ulysses keeps moving and gaining experience, the horizons of discovery keep extending. The more he explores, the more there is to explore, suggesting a never-ending cycle of learning and adventure. This continuous fading margin illustrates the infinite nature of his quest.
In simple words: The lines show experience is endless because as Ulysses moves, new parts of the "untravelled world" always appear, never fully disappearing.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on words indicating continuous action ("forever and forever," "when I move") to explain the idea of endlessness.

 

Question c) Little remains: but every hour is saved
From that eternal silence, something more,
A bringer of new things; and vile it were
(i) How is every hour important to Ulysses?
Answer: Every hour is important to Ulysses because it is an opportunity to gain new experiences and escape the quietness of death. He sees each passing hour as a chance to discover something new and valuable, rather than letting it be wasted. Each moment helps him postpone the "eternal silence" and adds more meaning to his life.
In simple words: Every hour is important because it lets Ulysses gain new experiences and avoid the silence of death.

🎯 Exam Tip: Note how characters perceive time, especially if it's nearing their end, as it often highlights their core values and priorities.

 

Question c) Little remains: but every hour is saved
From that eternal silence, something more,
A bringer of new things; and vile it were
(ii) What does the term Little remains to convey?
Answer: The term "Little remains" means that Ulysses is old and does not have many days left to live. It conveys a sense of urgency and awareness of his approaching death. He knows his time is limited, which makes him even more eager to make the most of every moment. This phrase highlights his mortality and his desire to achieve more before it is too late.
In simple words: "Little remains" means Ulysses is old and has only a few days left to live.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explain the deeper meaning of figurative language (like "eternal silence" or "little remains") rather than just its literal interpretation.

 

Question d) This is my son, mine own Telemachus,
To whom I leave the sceptre and the isle Well-loved of me,
(i) Who does Ulysses entrust his kingdom to, in his absence?
Answer: Ulysses entrusts his kingdom to his son, Telemachus, in his absence. He has full faith that Telemachus will manage the kingdom well. He believes his son will rule with care and responsibility, ensuring the welfare of the people of Ithaca. This decision reflects his trust and confidence in Telemachus's abilities.
In simple words: Ulysses gives his kingdom to his son, Telemachus, when he leaves.

🎯 Exam Tip: For direct questions about character actions, state the action and the recipient clearly, then briefly explain the implied trust or reason.

 

Question d) This is my son, mine own Telemachus,
To whom I leave the sceptre and the isle Well-loved of me,
(ii) Bring out the significance of the 'sceptre'.
Answer: The 'sceptre' is a special ceremonial staff that shows a king's power and authority. By giving the sceptre to Telemachus, Ulysses is officially handing over his royal power to his son. It means Telemachus will now rule the kingdom and is expected to do his duties carefully for the people. The sceptre symbolizes the transfer of leadership and responsibility.
In simple words: The 'sceptre' is a symbol of royal power and authority. Ulysses giving it to Telemachus means he is officially making him the new king.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked about the significance of an object, identify its symbolic meaning, especially in a royal or historical context.

 

Question e) That ever with a frolic welcome look
The thunder and the sunshine, and opposed
(i) What do 'thunder' and 'sunshine' refer to?
Answer: 'Thunder' and 'Sunshine' refer to the difficult times and the good times in life, respectively. They represent all the challenges, dangers, and hardships, as well as the joys, successes, and peaceful moments that Ulysses and his sailors have experienced. This pairing highlights the full range of experiences they have faced together.
In simple words: 'Thunder' means bad times or difficulties, and 'sunshine' means good times or happy moments.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recognize common literary devices like antithesis (pairing opposites) to understand the dual meaning of terms.

 

Question e) That ever with a frolic welcome look
The thunder and the sunshine, and opposed
(ii) What do we infer about the attitude of the sailors?
Answer: We can tell that the sailors are very brave and determined. Even though they have faced many difficulties, they meet both good and bad times with a happy and fearless attitude. They might be old and physically weak, but their spirit is young and full of energy. Their attitude shows an unyielding passion for adventure.
In simple words: The sailors are brave, facing all difficulties with a happy and fearless spirit, despite being old.

🎯 Exam Tip: Infer attitude from how characters react to challenges, using descriptive words to capture their emotional state.

 

Question f) Death closes all: but something ere the end,
Some work of noble note may yet be done,
Not unbecoming men that strove with Gods.
(i) The above lines convey the undying spirit of Ulysses. Explain.
Answer: These lines show that Ulysses has an unending spirit because even though he knows death is coming, he believes there is still time to do something great. He wants to achieve noble deeds that are worthy of men who have challenged even gods. His desire to make a lasting impact before he dies shows his powerful and persistent spirit. He does not want to simply fade away.
In simple words: These lines show Ulysses's endless spirit; he knows he will die, but he still wants to do great, heroic things before that happens.

🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining "undying spirit," focus on the character's defiance of limits like age or death, and their continued ambition.

 

Question f) Death closes all: but something ere the end,
Some work of noble note may yet be done,
Not unbecoming men that strove with Gods.
(ii) Pick out the words in alliteration in the above lines.
Answer: The words showing alliteration in the given lines are: 'ere, end' and 'noble, note'. Alliteration happens when words close together start with the same sound. This literary device adds rhythm and emphasis to the lines.
In simple words: The alliterative words are 'ere, end' and 'noble, note'.

🎯 Exam Tip: Alliteration involves the repetition of initial consonant sounds; quickly scan lines for words starting with the same letter.

 

Question g) ...............for my purpose holds
To sail beyond the sunset and the baths
Of all the western stars, until I die.
(i) What was Ulysses' purpose in life?
Answer: Ulysses' main purpose in life was to travel to unknown lands. He wanted to sail far beyond what was known, exploring new places until his death. His life was driven by a constant quest for discovery and adventure, pushing the boundaries of the world. This enduring desire defines his existence.
In simple words: Ulysses' purpose was to travel to unknown lands and explore until he dies.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify the central goal or driving force of a character as their primary "purpose in life."

 

Question g) ...............for my purpose holds
To sail beyond the sunset and the baths
Of all the western stars, until I die.
(ii) How long would his venture last?
Answer: His venture, or journey, would last until his death. The line "until I die" clearly states that he intends to continue his travels for the rest of his life. This shows his commitment to his adventurous spirit, even in old age. He does not plan to stop exploring voluntarily.
In simple words: His journey would continue until he dies.

🎯 Exam Tip: Look for direct statements in the poem that indicate a time frame, especially when a character talks about their future plans.

 

Question h) One equal temper of heroic hearts,
Made weak by time and fate, but strong in will
To strive, to seek, to find, and not to yield.
(i) Though made weak by time and fate, the hearts are heroic. Explain.
Answer: Even though Ulysses and his companions have grown old and physically weak due to time and destiny, their hearts remain brave and heroic. Their spirits are still young and fearless, showing a strong will to keep striving, seeking, and finding new things without ever giving up. Their inner strength overcomes their physical limitations. This highlights their enduring courage and determination.
In simple words: Even though Ulysses and his friends are old and weak, their hearts are still brave and strong-willed, ready to keep trying and never give up.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explain how an apparent contradiction (weak body, strong heart) reveals a deeper truth about a character's resolve.

 

Question h) One equal temper of heroic hearts,
Made weak by time and fate, but strong in will
To strive, to seek, to find, and not to yield.
(ii) Pick out the words in alliteration in the above lines.
Answer: The words that show alliteration in these lines are: 'heroic hearts' and 'strive to seek'. Alliteration is the repetition of the same sound at the beginning of words that are close together. These examples create a flowing sound effect.
In simple words: The words 'heroic hearts' and 'strive to seek' show alliteration.

🎯 Exam Tip: Quickly identify pairs or groups of words starting with the same consonant sound in close proximity for alliteration.

Additional Questions:

 

Question a) “Match'd with an aged wife, I mete and dole"
(i) Whom does 'I' refer to?
Answer: In this line, 'I' refers to King Ulysses. He is the speaker of the poem, reflecting on his life and his responsibilities as a ruler and a husband. He is speaking about his current circumstances. This direct address helps the reader understand his personal perspective.
In simple words: 'I' refers to King Ulysses.

🎯 Exam Tip: In poetry, the speaker 'I' usually refers to the main character or narrator, unless specified otherwise.

 

Question a) “Match'd with an aged wife, I mete and dole"
(ii) What does the word 'mete' mean?
Answer: The word 'mete' means 'to allot' or 'to measure out'. In this context, it refers to Ulysses distributing justice, laws, or tasks to his people. It highlights his role as a ruler who divides and assigns responsibilities. It implies a sense of giving out something, often in portions.
In simple words: 'Mete' means 'to give out' or 'to measure and share'.

🎯 Exam Tip: When defining archaic words, try to provide a modern synonym that fits the context of the poem.

 

Question b) 'Thro' scudding drifts the rainy Hyades'
(i) Explain 'Scudding drifts'
Answer: 'Scudding drifts' means heavy, fast-moving showers of rain that are driven by strong winds, especially at sea during a storm. It describes the rapid movement of rain or sea spray in harsh weather conditions. This phrase paints a picture of intense and challenging weather for sailors. The term comes from sailing where 'scudding' means running before a gale.
In simple words: 'Scudding drifts' means heavy, fast-moving rain during a sea storm.

🎯 Exam Tip: For descriptive phrases, break down the words and consider their nautical or weather-related connotations to fully explain their meaning.

 

Question b) 'Thro' scudding drifts the rainy Hyades'
(ii) What do you mean by 'Hyades'?
Answer: 'Hyades' refers to a group of stars in the constellation Taurus. These stars were traditionally associated with rain and stormy weather in ancient Greek mythology. Sailors would often observe the Hyades to predict the onset of rain or storms. This reference adds to the poem's atmosphere of sea travel and potential dangers.
In simple words: 'Hyades' is a group of stars known in ancient times to bring rain and storms.

🎯 Exam Tip: When a proper noun is used, remember to define its specific cultural, mythological, or astronomical significance if it relates to the context.

 

Question c) "Myself not least, but honour'd of them all
And drunk delight of battle with my peers"
(i) Explain the phrase ‘Myself not least'.
Answer: The phrase 'Myself not least' means that Ulysses was not considered unimportant or the lowest in rank. Instead, he was highly respected and honored by everyone he met. It emphasizes his high status and the great regard in which others held him, highlighting his importance among his peers and in battles. It conveys that he was a significant figure.
In simple words: 'Myself not least' means Ulysses was highly respected and honored by everyone, not considered unimportant.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clarify negative constructions like "not least" by stating their positive equivalent ("most important" or "highly honored").

 

Question c) "Myself not least, but honour'd of them all
And drunk delight of battle with my peers"
(ii) Name the battle mentioned in the above lines.
Answer: The battle mentioned in the lines is 'The battle of Troy'. Ulysses was a key figure in this famous war, and he refers to the joy and pride he felt fighting alongside his comrades. This battle is a significant part of his heroic past. It is an important event in Greek mythology.
In simple words: The battle mentioned is 'The battle of Troy'.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify specific historical or mythological references within the poem, as they often point to well-known events.

 

Question d) “Well-loved of me discerning to fulfill
This labour, by slow prudence, to make mild”
(i) Whose labour is mentioned as 'this labour'?
Answer: 'This labour' refers to the work of Ulysses' son, Telemachus. It is the task of ruling the kingdom of Ithaca and civilizing its people with careful wisdom and a gentle approach. Ulysses entrusts this important duty to his son. This emphasizes Telemachus's responsibility as the new leader.
In simple words: 'This labour' refers to the work of Telemachus, Ulysses's son.

🎯 Exam Tip: When a pronoun or demonstrative (like "this") refers to a specific person's action, clearly state who that person is.

 

Question d) “Well-loved of me discerning to fulfill
This labour, by slow prudence, to make mild”
(ii) How does Telemachus do his duties?
Answer: Telemachus does his duties with great care and gentleness. He aims to make the people of Ithaca, who are currently rugged, more civilized and mild through his slow and careful wisdom (prudence). He approaches his responsibilities thoughtfully and patiently. He values steady, thoughtful progress.
In simple words: Telemachus performs his duties carefully and gently, using wisdom to make his people more civilized.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to the adjectives used to describe a character's actions or qualities, such as "care and mild" or "prudence," as they are key to describing their approach.

 

Question e) "A rugged people and through soft degrees
Subdue them to the useful and the good
(i) Who are rugged people?
Answer: The 'rugged people' are the citizens of Ithaca, Ulysses's kingdom. Ulysses describes them as unsophisticated, uncultured, and somewhat rough. He sees them as needing to be guided and improved to become more useful and morally good members of society. They are the common folk of his land.
In simple words: The 'rugged people' are the uncivilized citizens of Ithaca, Ulysses's kingdom.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify the group being described and then use the descriptive terms from the poem to define them.

 

Question e) "A rugged people and through soft degrees
Subdue them to the useful and the good
(ii) What does 'rugged' mean here?
Answer: Here, 'rugged' means that the people are a little uncivilized and uncultured. It suggests they are rough in manners, unsophisticated in their ways, and perhaps resistant to refined customs. Ulysses perceives them as needing to be polished and guided toward better behavior. It describes their basic, untamed nature.
In simple words: 'Rugged' here means uncivilized and uncultured.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked to define a word in context, think about how it contributes to the character's perception and the overall tone.

 

Question f) "Death closes all but something ere the end,
Some work of noble note may yet be done”
(i) What does 'ere' mean?
Answer: 'Ere' is an old poetic word that means 'before'. In this context, it refers to the time 'before' death. Ulysses is saying that before death ends everything, there is still an opportunity to achieve something great and noble. It emphasizes the urgency of his remaining time. This archaic word adds a classic feel to the poem.
In simple words: 'Ere' is an old word that means 'before'.

🎯 Exam Tip: When defining archaic words, provide the modern equivalent and a brief explanation of its use in the context of the poem.

 

Question f) "Death closes all but something ere the end,
Some work of noble note may yet be done”
(ii) Is the poet ready to stop his work (travel)?
Answer: No, the poet (Ulysses) is definitely not ready to stop his work, which means his travels and adventures. Even though he acknowledges that death is inevitable, he believes there is still important work and noble deeds he can accomplish before the end. His spirit remains restless and eager for further exploration. He will continue his quest as long as he is able.
In simple words: No, Ulysses is not ready to stop his travels and work, even though he knows death is coming.

🎯 Exam Tip: Look for phrases that express determination or a lack of willingness to quit, to answer questions about a character's readiness to stop.

 

Question g) "I may be we shall touch the Happy Isles And see
the great Achilles, whom we knew"
(i) What is referred to as 'happy isles'?
Answer: The 'Happy Isles' (or Isles of the Blessed) are referred to as the mythological islands where heroes and virtuous people go after death in Greek legend. It is a kind of paradise. Ulysses hopes that his journey might lead him to this mythical afterlife, or perhaps he is referring to a symbolic final journey before death. It symbolizes a place of rest for heroes.
In simple words: The 'Happy Isles' are mythical islands where heroes go after death, like a paradise.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify mythological references and briefly explain their significance in the context of ancient beliefs.

 

Question g) "I may be we shall touch the Happy Isles And see
the great Achilles, whom we knew"
(ii) Who can be seen in the happy isles?
Answer: In the Happy Isles, Greek heroes like Achilles can be seen. Achilles was a legendary warrior known to Ulysses. Ulysses expresses a desire to meet such great figures in this afterlife. These islands are considered the resting place for those who have lived heroic and righteous lives. It is a place for the most honorable.
In simple words: Great Greek heroes like Achilles can be seen in the Happy Isles.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked about who can be found in a mythical place, name specific characters mentioned in the text as examples.

 

Question 5. Explain with reference to the context the following lines: (Text Book Page No. 133)
a) I cannot rest from travel: I will drink
Lie to the lees:
Answer: These lines come from the poem "Ulysses" by Alfred Tennyson. They show Ulysses' strong desire to travel. He means that he cannot stop traveling and wants to explore the world further. He is a very active person who always seeks new adventures and does not want to stop his journeys across the ocean. Life is about continuous exploration for him.
In simple words: Ulysses loves to travel and explore. He feels restless and wants to keep moving, never stopping his adventures.

🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining lines, always mention the poem title and poet. Then, describe the main idea or feeling the lines convey, and elaborate on the speaker's thoughts or actions.

 

b) I become a name; For always roaming with a hungry heart
Answer: These lines are from the poem "Ulysses" by Alfred Tennyson. They describe how Ulysses became famous. He earned his reputation by traveling to many different places. Through these wide-ranging journeys, he gained much experience about various lands, cultures, people, and events. He believes that his experiences have made him a well-known figure.
In simple words: Ulysses became famous because he traveled a lot. He learned many things from different places and people, which made him known everywhere.

🎯 Exam Tip: For questions about fame or reputation, link it directly to the character's key actions, such as their travels and experiences.

 

c) How dull it is to pause, to make an end,
To rust unburnished, not to shine in use!
Answer: These lines, from Alfred Tennyson's "Ulysses," show Ulysses' deep boredom. He feels it is dull to stop, to finish his life without doing anything. He compares himself to a shiny metal object that would rust if not used. He prefers to travel far and wide, exploring the world, rather than simply staying as king in Ithaca. This continuous activity is his way of staying relevant and vibrant.
In simple words: Ulysses feels bored and useless when not traveling. He compares himself to metal that rusts if not used, meaning he needs adventure to feel alive.

🎯 Exam Tip: When analyzing metaphors, explain both the literal comparison (metal rusting) and what it symbolizes (Ulysses losing purpose without travel).

 

d) To follow knowledge like a sinking star,
Beyond the utmost bound of human thought
Answer: These lines, from "Ulysses" by Alfred Tennyson, use the image of a "sinking star" to describe Ulysses' pursuit of knowledge. He wants to chase after knowledge, just like one might try to catch a falling star, seeking wisdom that is hard to grasp. This also hints that Ulysses, as a great figure, is nearing the end of his life, like a star that is setting. He uses his remaining time to explore.
In simple words: Ulysses wants to find all knowledge, even the hardest to reach, like a sinking star. This also suggests that he is getting older and nearing the end of his life.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify if a comparison has a double meaning. Here, "sinking star" refers both to the pursuit of difficult knowledge and the speaker's own aging.

 

e) 'He works his work, I mine
Answer: This line, from "Ulysses" by Alfred Tennyson, highlights the difference between Ulysses's duties and his son Telemachus's duties. As Ulysses leaves Ithaca, his job is to pass on his kingdom to his son. Telemachus's job is then to rule the kingdom fairly and effectively. This shows a clear division of responsibilities, with each person focused on their own task.
In simple words: This line shows that Ulysses and his son Telemachus have different jobs. Ulysses is leaving his kingdom, and Telemachus will rule it.

🎯 Exam Tip: For lines describing a division of labor, explain what each person's specific task or role is, and how they contrast.

 

f) "You and I are old:
Old age hath yet his honour and his toil;"
Answer: These lines are from "Ulysses" by Alfred Tennyson. They speak about how Ulysses and his companions are now old. Even in old age, there is still respect and a purpose to work. Although they might be physically weaker now, their spirit remains strong and ready for challenges. They believe old age brings its own kind of dignity and effort.
In simple words: Ulysses and his friends are old, but they still have honor and want to work hard. Even with weaker bodies, their spirits are brave and strong.

🎯 Exam Tip: When discussing age, emphasize how the character views it-whether as a limitation or a different kind of strength or purpose.

 

g) The long day wanes the slow moon climbs: the deep
Means round with many voices"
Answer: These lines, from Alfred Tennyson's "Ulysses," describe the time when Ulysses and his sailors begin their journey. As the day ends and the moon rises, it signifies a new start for adventure and learning. Ulysses reminds his sailors of their past brave deeds, like fighting gods, and encourages them to seek new knowledge and experiences, even as night falls. The setting sun suggests the end of one phase and the start of a new, exciting one.
In simple words: As evening comes and the moon rises, Ulysses and his crew begin a new journey. He tells them to remember their past bravery and seek new adventures.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to imagery of time (day waning, moon climbing) and explain how it sets the mood or signifies a transition in the narrative.

 

h) It may be we shall touch the Happy Isles And see
the great Achilles, whom we knew"
Answer: These lines, from "Ulysses" by Alfred Tennyson, show Ulysses' hope and confidence about reaching the "Happy Isles." These islands are like a mythical heaven. Ulysses hopes that he and his companions will travel there and meet great heroes like Achilles, whom they knew from the Trojan War. This shows his strong desire for a glorious afterlife or to reunite with respected figures. It is a quest that extends even beyond mortal life.
In simple words: Ulysses hopes to reach the "Happy Isles," a kind of heaven, where he can meet old heroes like Achilles. This shows his strong desire to keep adventuring even after death.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify and explain mythical or historical references in the poem. Link the character's desires to these references to show their deeper motivations.

 

i) “We are not that strength which in old days
moved earth and heaven;
Answer: These lines from Alfred Tennyson's "Ulysses" highlight that while Ulysses and his companions are no longer as strong as they once were, their spirit remains powerful. They recall a time when they felt capable of "moving earth and heaven," showing their past daring feats. Despite being physically older and weaker, they still possess a strong will to face new challenges and continue their adventures without giving up. They might not be physically as strong, but their mental resolve is firm.
In simple words: Ulysses and his friends admit they are not as physically strong as they used to be. But even though they are old, they still have a brave spirit and the will to keep going on adventures.

🎯 Exam Tip: When analyzing contrasts (past strength vs. present weakness), explain both sides and how the character resolves or responds to this change.

 

j) "To strive, to seek to find and not yield".
Answer: This famous line, from "Ulysses" by Alfred Tennyson, sums up Ulysses's unwavering determination. It is his guiding principle, encouraging him and his companions to continue their journey beyond known limits. He wants them to strive hard, always search for new things, find new knowledge, and never give up. This motto inspires a life filled with purpose and a constant quest for true understanding.
In simple words: This line is Ulysses's motto: always try hard, search for new things, find them, and never give up. It shows his strong will to keep going.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recognize iconic lines and explain their significance as a summary of the character's philosophy or motivation.

 

Question 6. Answer the following questions in a paragraph of about 100 words each: (Text Book Page No. 133)
a) What makes Ulysses seek a newer adventure?
Answer: Ulysses, a great hero, knows he is growing old. He feels restless and does not want to keep performing his duties as a king in Ithaca. He has a deep, never-ending desire for adventure and to live life fully. He has traveled extensively, learning much about different places, cultures, and people. Ulysses feels that time spent not traveling is wasted. He wants to chase after new knowledge, treating every hour as a chance for new experiences and learning by continuing his journeys. He is still eager to explore, like seeking a sinking star.
In simple words: Ulysses seeks new adventures because he feels old and bored being king. He loves traveling, learning new things, and wants to live every moment exploring instead of resting.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked for motivations, combine multiple reasons from the text, such as boredom, a thirst for knowledge, and a desire to make the most of remaining time.

 

b) List the roles and responsibilities Ulysses assigns to his son Telemachus, while He is away:
Answer: Ulysses deeply trusts and loves his son, Telemachus. He assigns Telemachus the responsibility of ruling the kingdom of Ithaca. Ulysses believes his son is wise enough to govern the people carefully and kindly. Telemachus is tasked with civilizing the "rugged people" of Ithaca, making them more cultured and law-abiding. Ulysses is confident that Telemachus will manage the kingdom well, allowing him to pursue his own quest for travel and knowledge. Telemachus is to be a thoughtful and gentle ruler.
In simple words: Ulysses gives Telemachus the job of ruling Ithaca. Telemachus must rule wisely and kindly, teaching the people to be more civilized while Ulysses travels.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly state each role or responsibility, using keywords from the text (e.g., ruling, civilizing, caring for subjects) and explaining Ulysses's reasons for the assignment.

 

c) What is Ulysses clarion's call to his sailors? How does he inspire them?
Answer: Ulysses, a brave and experienced king, calls his sailors to join him for a new adventure. He inspires them by reminding them of their shared past, where they faced many challenges, both good and bad, with courage. Even though they are now old and physically weaker, their spirit for adventure is still strong. Ulysses urges them not to give up but to sail beyond known horizons to discover new worlds and seek true knowledge, leading meaningful lives. His powerful message is encapsulated in the motto: "To strive, to seek, to find and not to yield."
In simple words: Ulysses calls his old, brave sailors to go on a new adventure with him. He inspires them by reminding them of their past courage and telling them to never give up, always seeking new knowledge.

🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining how someone inspires others, describe specific actions or words used and the desired effect on the audience.

 

Paragraph:

Introduction:
Ulysses was the king of Ithaca. He does not want to end his life as an idle king, but seeks true knowledge and strives to lead meaningful lives.

Thirst for travel:
Ulysses is filled with an unquenchable thirst for travel and wishes to live life to the fullest. He has traveled far and wide gaining knowledge of various places, cultures, men, and matters. Enriched by the experience he longs for more and his quest seems endless. Like metal that would rust if unused, life without adventure is meaningless. Ulysses looks at every hour as a bringer of new things and yearns to follow knowledge even if it is unattainable.

Son of Ulysses:
Ulysses desires to hand over his kingdom to his son Telemachus who would fulfill his duties towards his subjects with care and prudence. He would 'civilize' the citizens of Ithaca in a tender way.

Ulysses companions:
Ulysses beckons his sailors to gather at the port where the ship is ready to sail. His companions who have faced both thunder and sunshine with a smile are united by their undying spirit of adventure. Ulysses urges his companions to join him and sail beyond the sunset and seek a newer world regardless of the consequences. His call is an inspiration for all those who seek true knowledge and strive to lead meaningful lives.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked to provide a summary answer, ensure you cover all aspects of the question, using clear topic sentences for each part.

 

Listening:

Listen to the poem and fill in the blanks with appropriate words and phrases. If required listen to the poem again.
Choose the best option and complete the sentences.

 

Question 1. ____ works like madness in the poet.
(a) Wander-Thirst
(b) Bidding Farewell
(c) Eastern Sunrise
(d) Western Seas
Answer: (a) Wander-Thirst
In simple words: The feeling of always wanting to wander or travel is like a powerful, exciting urge for the poet.

🎯 Exam Tip: For fill-in-the-blanks, always choose the option that best fits the meaning and context of the sentence from the poem.

 

Question 2. A man could choose ____ as his guide.
(a) the sun
(b) the hills
(c) a star
(d) a bird
Answer: (c) a star
In simple words: The poet suggests that a star can be a guide, symbolizing direction or a distant goal to follow.

🎯 Exam Tip: In poetry, a "guide" often implies an ideal or a source of direction, not always a literal map.

 

Question 3. There is no end of ____ once the voice is heard.
(a) walking
(b) roaming
(c) talking
(d) voyaging
Answer: (d) voyaging
In simple words: Once the call to travel is heard, the act of voyaging, or long-distance travel, never truly ends.

🎯 Exam Tip: Look for synonyms or closely related concepts in the context of the poem to determine the correct blank.

 

Question 4. The old ships return, while the young ships ____.
(a) drift
(b) move
(c) sail
(d) wander
Answer: (c) sail
In simple words: While old ships come back, young ships continue to sail out, showing that new journeys are always beginning.

🎯 Exam Tip: Contrast words (old vs. young) often indicate contrasting actions.

 

Question 5. The blame is on the sun, stars, the road, and the ____.
(a) hills
(b) trees
(c) seas
(d) sky
Answer: (d) sky
In simple words: The poet lists natural elements like the sun, stars, road, and sky, suggesting that blame for something might be put on fate or nature itself.

🎯 Exam Tip: For comprehension questions, choose the option that completes the thought logically within the poem's themes.

 

கவிஞரைப் பற்றி:

ஆல்ஃபிரட் லார்ட் டென்னிசன் (Alfred Lord Tennyson) (6 August 1809 - 6 October 1892) பிரிட்டிஸ் (British) கவிஞர். இவர் விக்டோரியா ராணியின் காலத்தைச் சார்ந்த ஒரு கவிச்சக்கரவர்த்தி (Poet Laureate). பிரிட்டிஸ் அரசாட்சியைச் சார்ந்த புகழ்பெற்ற "Break Break Break", "The charge of the light Brigade", "Tears, Idle Tears" மற்றும் "Crossing the bar" கவிதைகளை எழுதியுள்ளார். கிரேக்க இதிகாசங்களையும் இவர் கவிதை வடிவில் தந்துள்ளார். "Ulysses" மற்றும் "Idylls of the king and Tithonus" ஆகியவை அதற்கு சான்று. இசையோடு வார்த்தைகளை படைப்பது டென்னிசனின் தனித் திறமையே.

 

கவிதையைப் பற்றி:

ஆல்ஃபிரட் லார்ட் டெனிசனின் "Ulysses" ஆங்கில இலக்கியத்தின் புகழ்பெற்ற நாடகத்தனி மொழிப் பாடல்களில் ஒன்று. “Ulysses" கிரேக்க நாட்டின் மாபெரும் வீரன். 20 ஆண்டுகள் கழித்து தன் நாடான இத்தாலிக்கு வருகிறான். பல நாடுகள் சென்று வெற்றி கொண்டு அங்குள்ள கலாச்சாரங்களை அறிகிறான். அதன் மூலம் பரந்து விரிந்த அறிவை பெறுகிறான். அந்த அறிவு தான் சாகும் வரை நீடிக்க வேண்டும் என்று எண்ணி தன் மகன் டெலமாகஸ்னிடம் நாட்டை ஒப்படைக்கிறது. அவனை மக்களை ஆட்சி செய்ய பணிக்கிறான். அவனைக் கொண்டு தன் நாட்டை நாகரீக பூமியாக மாற்றுகிறான்.

யுலிசஸ் என்பது ஒரு நாடக தனியுரை. இது வரிகளைக் கொண்ட முறையற்ற கவிதை. இதாகாவின் அரசனான யுலிசஸ் போருக்கு தன் படையைத் தயார் செய்கிறான். அவன் அவர்களுக்கு நேரத்தை வீணடிக்க கூடாது என அறிவுறுத்துகிறான். ட்ராய் போர் மற்றும் பல சமுத்திர சாதனைகளை கண்ட யுலிசஸ் வயது முதிர்ந்தவராகிறார். இதற்காக திரும்பி வந்த உடனே அடுத்த சாதனை படைக்க யுலிசஸ் தயாராகிறார். இன்னும் அதிகமான சாதனை படைப்பதே அவரது இலட்சியம்.

 

Ulysses Summary in Tamil

உயர் மன்னருக்கு எந்த பயனுமில்லை - மனைவியுடன் உலையருகில் அமர்ந்து பாறைகள் நடுவில் குளிர்காய்வதால் உண்மை வேந்தன் யாரென்றே அறியா மக்களுக்கு உட்கார்ந்து சட்டதிட்டங்களை வகுத்துக் கொண்டிருப்பதால், உருத்தலின்றி ஓயாமல் உண்டு ஓய்வெடுக்கும் இந்த மக்களால் பயணத்திலிருந்து ஓய்ந்திருக்க முடியாது - வாழ்க்கையின் அடியாழம் வரை சென்று (life to the lees) அனுபவிக்கப் போகிறேன். உச்ச இன்பமும் கண்டிருக்கிறேன் உச்ச வலியும் பெற்றிருக்கிறேன்.

என் அன்புக்குரியவர்களுடனும், தனிமையிலும், கடற்கரைகளிலும் (shore) மழைதரும் நட்சத்திர குழுமங்களின் விரைவு சறுக்கலில், சமுத்திரமே சிக்கல்களுக்குள்ளானது. நான் பிரபலமாகிறேன், ஓயாமல் ஓடிக் கொண்டிருக்கும் என் தீராத் தாகம் கொண்ட இதயத்தால். பல நகரத்து மனிதர்களை நான் நன்கு அறிந்திருக்கிறேன். வேறுபட்ட பண்புகள், காலநிலை மற்ற அரசாங்கங்களுடன், அங்கு அனைவராலும் நான் கௌரவிக்கப்பட்டேன், (honour'd) போர்களின் வெற்றியை நண்பர்களுடன் பகிர்ந்து பருகியிருக்கிறேன்.

ட்ராய் (Troy) போரில் சமவெளிகள் கூட சத்தமிட்டுக் கொண்டிருந்தன. நான் சந்தித்த அனைத்திலும் எனக்கும் பங்குண்டு. இருந்தும் இந்த அனுபவங்கள் வெறும் நுழைவாயிலே. எல்லைகள் மங்கும் பயணிக்கா உலகின் பிராகசத்திற்கு.

எப்போதும் எல்லாநேரமும் நான் பயணிக்கும் போது அதை முடிக்க நிறுத்துவது எவ்வளவு சோகமானது. உபயோகிக்காமல் அந்த அனுபவத்தை வீணாக்குவது. மூச்சுவிடுவது மட்டுமல்ல வாழ்க்கை, வாழ்க்கை மேல் வாழ்க்கை. ஒன்று என்பது மிகச் சொற்பம் எனக்கு. நான் வாழும் ஒவ்வொரு மணிநேரமும் சாவின் கையிலிருந்து நான் காப்பாற்றிய கணம் ஒவ்வொன்றும் புதுப்புது அனுபவம் தருவது, மற்றும் வெறுக்கத்தக்கது. வெறும் மூன்று வருடங்களுக்குள் என்னைத் தொலைப்பது, ஏக்கத்தோடு விரும்புகிறது என் மனது. மூழ்கும் நட்சத்திரமாய் அறிவை பின்பற்றுவதற்கு மனித சிந்தனையின் எல்லைகளையும் தாண்டி,

இது என் மகன், என் சொந்த மகன் டெலிமேக்ஸ், இவனுக்காகவே நான் விட்டுச்செல்கிறேன் இத்தீவையும் என் செங்கோலையும். என் அன்புக்குரியவன், இப்பணியைச் செய்யவே வந்தவன். எளிய ஞானத்தால் கடினமானவர்களை கனியச் செய்பவன். மற்றும் இலகுவான முறையில் இளைத்திடுவான். அவர்களை உபயோகமானவர்களாகவும் நல்லவர்களாகவும். கள்ளம் கூறவே முடியாதவன், பொது வாழ்வின் மையமானவன், தோற்பதற்காக பிறவாதவன். இளமையான அலுவல்களிலும் எம் இல்ல இறைவனுக்கும் ஆராதனை செலுத்துவான். நான் சென்றபின் அவன் தன் வேலையைச் செய்கிறான். நான் என்னுடையதாக அங்கிருக்கிறது துறைமுகம், கப்பல்கள் கிழம்பிய நிலையில், அங்குள்ளது அந்த கடிய, கரிய, பரந்த கடல். என் மாலுமிகள் என்னோடு உழைத்து, உருவாக்கி, நினைத்த ஆத்மாக்கள். இடியையும் சூரிய ஒளியையும் எப்போதும் இன்முகத்துடன் எதிர்த்து நின்று வரவேற்பவர்கள். சுதந்திர இதயத்தோடும் நெற்றியோடும் நீயும் நானும் வயதானோர், முதிய வயதுடன் இன்னுமுண்டு பெருமையும் கடின உழைப்பும், இறப்பு அனைத்தையும் முடிக்கிறது. ஆனால் அதற்குமுன் சில நல்ல செயல்கள் செய்யப்பட உள்ளது,

அது கடவுளோடு நடப்பவருக்கு பொருந்தாது. பாறையினின்று வெளிச்சம் மிளிரத் துவங்குகிறது, நீண்ட பகல் மறைகிறது. நிலவு துளிர்கிறது, ஆழ்ந்த முணக்கங்கள் பல குரல்களால் சூழப்படுகிறது. வாருங்கள் நண்பரே, இன்னும் தாமதமில்லை புதிய உலகை தேடுவதற்கு. தள்ளுங்கள், ஒழுங்காய் அமர்ந்து ஒலியெழுப்பும் கடல் எல்லைக் கோடுகளை அடிப்பதற்கு, ஏனெனில் என் இலக்கு சூரிய அஸ்தமனத்தைத் தாண்டி நிலப்பகுதிச் பயணிப்பது இறக்கும் வரை. அனைத்து மேகத்தையும், இறக்கும் வரை அந்த வளைகுடாக்குள் நம்மை அழித்து விடலாம். மகிழ்ச்சித் தீவை நாம் அடைந்து நாமறிந்த ஆகிலஸின் முகத்தையும் நாம் பார்க்கலாம். பலவற்றை நாம் பெற்றிருந்தும், பலவற்றை பொருத்திருந்தும். பழைய பலத்தை நாம் இப்போது பெற்றிறாவிடினும் - முன்பு பூமியையும் வானத்தையும் நகர்த்திய நாம், நாம் தான், ஒரு சிறந்த இதயத்தின் சமநிலை காலத்தாலும் விதியாலும் வலுவிழக்கிறது, ஆனால் வலுப்பெறுகிறது. போராடி, தேடி அடைய வேண்டும், விடக் கூடாது என்ற மன உறுதியில்.

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