RBSE Solutions Class 9 Physical Education Chapter 7 Balanced Diet

Chapter 7 Balanced Diet

TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS SOLVED

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1. How many components does our balanced food have?
(a) Five.
(b) Three.
(c) Two.
(d) Six.
Answer: (d) Six.
In simple words: A balanced meal includes six main parts that our body needs to stay healthy. These parts ensure we get all the necessary nutrients.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the six main components of a balanced diet: carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water.

Question 2. Body-building foods are known as:
(a) Fats.
(b) Proteins.
(c) Carbohydrates.
(d) Mineral salts.
Answer: (b) Proteins.
In simple words: Proteins are special foods that help our bodies grow and repair themselves, like building blocks. They are essential for muscle development.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify the primary function of each food group; proteins are key for growth and repair, hence "body-building."

Question 3. Players and manual labour are advised to take more of:
(a) Protein.
(b) Fats.
(c) Carbohydrates.
(d) Minerals.
Answer: (c) Carbohydrates.
In simple words: People who do a lot of physical work, like athletes, need more carbohydrates because they give quick energy. These foods are like fuel for their bodies.

🎯 Exam Tip: Carbohydrates are the body's main source of quick energy, making them vital for high-activity individuals.

Question 4. Basic cause of diabetes is:
(a) Blood pressure.
(b) Obesity.
(c) Loss of blood.
(d) Indigestion.
Answer: (b) Obesity.
In simple words: Being very overweight, or obese, is a major reason why some people get diabetes. Eating too much unhealthy food can lead to this condition.

🎯 Exam Tip: While multiple factors contribute to diabetes, obesity significantly increases the risk, especially for type 2 diabetes.

Question 5. Beri-Beri disease is caused due to the deficiency of:
(a) Vitamin-D.
(b) Vitamin-C.
(c) Vitamin-B.
(d) Vitamin-A.
Answer: (c) Vitamin-B.
In simple words: Beri-Beri is a sickness that happens when someone doesn't get enough Vitamin B in their food. This vitamin is important for energy and nerve health.

🎯 Exam Tip: Specific vitamin deficiencies are linked to distinct diseases; remember that Beri-Beri is associated with Vitamin B, particularly B1 (thiamine).

Question 6. Kwarshiokar is the disease caused due to the deficiency of:
(a) Vitamins.
(b) Carbohydrates.
(c) Minerals.
(d) Proteins.
Answer: (d) Proteins.
In simple words: Kwashiorkor is a serious illness that happens when children don't get enough protein to eat. It causes swelling and stops them from growing properly.

🎯 Exam Tip: Kwashiorkor is a classic example of protein-energy malnutrition, primarily affecting children in regions with food scarcity.

Question 9. Which disease is caused due to lack of iodine in the food?
(a) Thyroid.
(b) Rickets.
(c) Anaemia.
(d) Dyspepsia.
Answer: (a) Thyroid.
In simple words: When a person doesn't eat enough iodine, they can get a thyroid problem, which might show as a swollen neck. Iodine is vital for the thyroid gland to work well.

🎯 Exam Tip: Iodine deficiency primarily affects the thyroid gland, leading to conditions like goiter, so it's a key mineral for endocrine health.

Question 10. One of the following is not a type of malnutrition:
(a) Under-nutrition.
(b) over nutrition.
(c) Imbalanced Nutrition.
(d) balanced nutrition.
Answer: (d) balanced nutrition.
In simple words: Malnutrition means not getting the right food, either too little, too much, or not the right mix. Balanced nutrition is the healthy way to eat, not a problem.

🎯 Exam Tip: Malnutrition encompasses both under-nutrition (lack of nutrients) and over-nutrition (excess intake), as well as imbalanced nutrient intake.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. Why is Vitamin 'C' essential for our body?
Answer: Vitamin 'C' is crucial for keeping our skin, gums, and joints healthy. It also helps our blood clot and wounds heal. If we don't get enough Vitamin C, it can affect a child's growth, make blood vessels weak, slow down wound healing, and cause gums to bleed, potentially leading to anemia. Eating citrus fruits provides a good source of Vitamin C.
In simple words: Vitamin C keeps our body parts like skin and gums strong, helps cuts heal, and prevents sickness. Not having enough can make us weak and sick.

🎯 Exam Tip: When listing reasons for a vitamin's importance, remember to include its structural roles (skin, gums), functional roles (healing, clotting), and the consequences of its deficiency.

Question 2. Which are the two sources of mineral salts?
Answer: Mineral salts come from many places. We can find them in drinking water, cereals, and various vegetables. Green leafy vegetables and pulses are also rich in minerals like potassium. Different minerals come from different food items.
In simple words: Mineral salts come from things we drink like water, and foods like grains and green leafy vegetables. These are key sources for our body.

🎯 Exam Tip: For sources of nutrients, always think of common food categories like fruits, vegetables, grains, and water to provide practical examples.

Question 3. Name the components of balanced diet.
Answer: A balanced diet has several key parts: proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, water, and minerals. Each component plays a specific role in keeping our body working well and healthy. It's important to consume all these components in the right amounts.
In simple words: A balanced diet has proteins, fats, carbs, vitamins, water, and minerals. These are the main things our body needs.

🎯 Exam Tip: When listing components of a balanced diet, ensure you include all six major nutrient groups as they are fundamental.

Question 4. Why does our body need energy? What are its sources?
Answer: Our body needs energy to work properly, both physically and mentally. This energy helps us do everything from running and thinking to breathing and digesting food. We get all this energy from the food we eat, which is then converted into usable energy by our body. Eating a variety of foods ensures a steady supply of energy.
In simple words: Our body needs energy to do all activities and to think. We get this energy from the food we eat every day.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked about energy, explain both its purpose (physical and mental function) and its primary source (food).

Question 5. Write any seven food eating habits or modes.
Answer: Here are seven good habits for eating food:
1. Wash your mouth, hands, and feet before you eat a meal.
2. Be calm, peaceful, and relaxed when you eat, free from worry.
3. Do not eat food that has gone stale or old.
4. Only eat when you feel truly hungry.
5. Do not eat too much, and don't be picky about your food.
6. Choose lighter foods for your meals.
7. Chew your food thoroughly and eat slowly to help digestion.
In simple words: Good eating habits include washing up, being calm, avoiding old food, eating when hungry, not overeating, choosing light meals, and chewing slowly. These habits promote better digestion.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on hygiene, mindfulness, food quality, and pacing when describing good eating habits.

Question 6. Why are mineral salts important for our body? Explain with the examples of any four minerals.
Answer: Our body needs many different minerals like calcium, potassium, sulfur, phosphorus, iodine, and iron. Calcium and phosphorus are important for building strong bones and healthy teeth. Iron helps make hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in our blood. Calcium also helps our blood clot and muscles work. Each mineral plays a unique role in maintaining health. For example, sulfur helps with food digestion and strong hair and nails.
In simple words: Mineral salts are very important for our body to work well. For example, calcium and phosphorus build strong bones, iron helps blood carry oxygen, and potassium keeps heart muscles strong.

🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining mineral importance, always provide specific examples of minerals and their key functions (e.g., calcium for bones, iron for blood).

Question 7. Name the diseases caused due to the deficiency of Vitamin 'A', Vitamin 'B', Vitamin 'C'.
Answer:
Vitamin 'A': Not enough Vitamin A can cause night blindness, making it hard to see in dim light. It can also lead to 'Toad Skin', which is dry and rough skin, and dry conjunctive, affecting the eyes.
Vitamin 'B': A lack of Vitamin B can cause diseases like Beri-Beri, affecting the nerves and heart. It can also lead to Pellagra, causing skin, gut, and brain problems, and ulcers on the tongue.
Vitamin 'C': If there isn't enough Vitamin C, people can get Scurvy, which causes bleeding gums and tiredness. It can also lead to Rickets, a bone-weakening disease, especially in children. Each vitamin deficiency has distinct health impacts.
In simple words: Lacking Vitamin A causes bad eyesight at night and skin problems. Not enough Vitamin B leads to Beri-Beri and skin issues. Too little Vitamin C causes scurvy, with bleeding gums, and can weaken bones.

🎯 Exam Tip: For deficiency diseases, learn to link each specific vitamin to its common associated ailments and key symptoms for easy recall.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1. What is balanced diet? Explain the significance of essential elements of balanced diet.
Answer: A balanced diet is food that contains all the necessary amounts and types of calories, minerals, vitamins, and other nutrients for proper body growth and development. It provides the body with everything it needs to function well.
Importance of Balanced diet:
1. It gives energy for all the things our body does, both on its own (like breathing) and when we choose to move (like running).
2. It provides building blocks for growth, helps fix damaged parts, and replaces old tissues and cells.
3. It builds up our body's defense system to fight against sicknesses and infections.
4. It helps keep our body warm and makes sure our body stays strong and healthy.
In simple words: A balanced diet gives our body all the right nutrients it needs to grow, get energy, fight sickness, and stay healthy. It's like giving our body the perfect fuel.

🎯 Exam Tip: When defining "balanced diet," highlight the "right quantities and proportions" of all essential nutrients. For its importance, link it to energy, growth, immunity, and overall health.

Question 2. What does malnutrition mean? Explain the diseases caused due to malnutrition, in detail.
Answer: Malnutrition means a condition where a person's body does not get enough of the right nutrients, leading to health problems. It happens when we don't eat nutritious food that has vital nutrients like protein, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals. Not having the correct balance of food means the body cannot function correctly. For example, eating too much junk food but not enough vegetables can lead to malnutrition.
Malnutrition Diseases:
1. Kwashiorkor, a disease caused by not having enough protein.
2. Diseases from not having enough Vitamin A, such as night blindness, dry, rough skin (Toad skin), and dry eyes (Dry conjunctivitis).
In simple words: Malnutrition means eating too little, too much, or the wrong kind of food. This can cause illnesses like Kwashiorkor from lack of protein, or problems like night blindness from not enough Vitamin A.

🎯 Exam Tip: Define malnutrition broadly (under, over, unbalanced nutrition) and then provide specific examples of diseases linked to nutrient deficiencies, like protein or Vitamin A.

Question 3. Prepare the table of balanced diet for an adult, per day.
Answer: Here is a suggested balanced diet plan for an adult for one day. This plan ensures the body receives all necessary nutrients for good health.

🎯 Exam Tip: When presenting dietary recommendations, ensure the quantities are realistic and cover major food groups like grains, proteins, fruits, vegetables, and fats.

Question 1. Which among the following is a water soluble vitamin?
(a) Vitamin A
(b) Vitamin B
(c) Vitamin D
(d) Vitamin K
Answer: (b) Vitamin B.
In simple words: Water-soluble vitamins can dissolve in water and are not stored in the body, so we need to get them often. Vitamin B is one of these.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the two categories of vitamins: water-soluble (B complex, C) and fat-soluble (A, D, E, K). Water-soluble vitamins are not stored and need regular intake.

Question 2. Which of the following is not correct?
(a) Take nutrition food
(b) Take stale food
(c) Take balanced diet
(d) Take fresh food
Answer: (b) Take stale food.
In simple words: Eating old or stale food is not good for our health and can make us sick. We should always choose fresh and nutritious food.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always avoid stale food to prevent food poisoning and digestive issues, prioritizing fresh and hygienically prepared meals.

Question 3. Vitamin C is present in which of the following foods?
(a) Amla
(b) Liver
(c) Rice
(d) Ghee
Answer: (a) Amla.
In simple words: Amla, also known as Indian gooseberry, is a very rich source of Vitamin C. It is one of the best natural sources of this important vitamin.

🎯 Exam Tip: Associate Vitamin C with citrus fruits and specific Indian examples like Amla, as these are common questions.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. What is the meaning of malnutrition?
Answer: Malnutrition means a condition where a person's body does not get enough of the right nutrients, leading to health problems. It happens when we don't eat nutritious food that has vital nutrients like protein, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals. Not having the correct balance of food means the body cannot function correctly.
In simple words: Malnutrition happens when someone doesn't eat the right kinds or amounts of food, which makes their body unhealthy. It's about not getting enough good food to stay strong.

🎯 Exam Tip: Define malnutrition as a state of poor nutrition due to either insufficient intake (under-nutrition) or excessive/unbalanced intake (over-nutrition) of essential nutrients.

Question 3. What are vitamins? Why are they important for the body?
Answer: Vitamins are natural chemical substances found in our food. They are very important for our body to work properly, even though we only need them in small amounts. If we don't get enough vitamins, our body can develop sicknesses called deficiency diseases. Each vitamin plays a different key role in keeping us healthy. They act as essential regulators of body processes.
In simple words: Vitamins are tiny substances in food that our body needs to stay healthy and work well. Even a little bit is important, and without them, we can get sick.

🎯 Exam Tip: When defining vitamins, emphasize they are organic compounds needed in small quantities for normal metabolic function, and their absence causes deficiency diseases.

Question 4. How is goitre caused? What are its symptoms?
Answer: Goitre is caused when a person does not get enough iodine in their food. This mineral is important for the thyroid gland in the neck. The symptoms of goitre include a swelling in the neck, which is actually an enlarged thyroid gland. It can also lead to slower physical growth. This deficiency affects the body's metabolism.
In simple words: Goitre happens when you don't eat enough iodine. The main sign is a swollen neck because the thyroid gland gets bigger, and it can slow down your growth.

🎯 Exam Tip: Link goitre directly to iodine deficiency and identify the enlarged thyroid gland in the neck as the primary symptom, along with potential growth issues.

Question 5. Why is vitamin D necessary for the body? Name a few sources of vitamin D.
Answer: Vitamin D is needed for strong teeth and bones in our body. Without enough of it, children can get a bone disease called Rickets, where their bones become soft and weak. The best natural source of Vitamin D is sunlight. We also get it from egg yolk and fish oil. This vitamin helps the body absorb calcium.
In simple words: Vitamin D makes our bones and teeth strong. If we don't get enough, we can get Rickets. Sunlight, egg yolks, and fish oil are good ways to get Vitamin D.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight Vitamin D's role in bone health and calcium absorption. Emphasize sunlight as its most significant natural source, in addition to dietary options.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1. Explain in detail why vitamins A, B, C and D are necessary for the proper functioning of the body.
Answer:
Vitamin A: This vitamin is important for healthy eyes and skin. Not having enough of it can cause poor eyesight, especially at night, and colds. It supports the immune system.
Vitamin B: This is a group of at least 12 different vitamins, often called 'B complex'. They work together to help our nervous system function correctly and ensure our food is digested well. These vitamins are crucial for energy production.
Vitamin C: Vitamin C is needed for healthy skin, gums, and joints. It also helps blood to clot when we get a cut and helps wounds heal. This vitamin is known to prevent a disease called scurvy.
Vitamin D: This vitamin is essential for strong bones and teeth. A lack of Vitamin D can lead to Rickets, a condition that softens bones. Sunlight is a primary source of Vitamin D, aiding in calcium absorption.
In simple words: Vitamin A helps eyes and skin. Vitamin B helps nerves and digestion. Vitamin C keeps skin and gums healthy and helps heal wounds. Vitamin D makes bones strong. Each vitamin has a special job for our body's health.

🎯 Exam Tip: When detailing multiple vitamins, structure your answer by individual vitamin, stating its primary function and the main consequence of its deficiency.

Question 2. What are proteins and what are their uses?
Answer: Proteins are complex organic compounds made of nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. They are built from smaller units called amino acids.
Uses of Proteins: Proteins are essential nutrients for our body and are a source of energy. They are needed for building the body and help in its growth and development. Proteins also help produce digestive juices. They are especially useful for mothers who are breastfeeding, babies, teenagers, and people who do heavy manual work. They are a very important part of a balanced diet. Good sources of proteins include meat and dhal (lentils). Proteins are vital for many bodily processes, including immune function.
In simple words: Proteins are building blocks for our body, made of amino acids. They give us energy, help us grow, repair our body, and make digestion easier. Foods like meat and lentils have lots of protein.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing proteins, mention their composition (amino acids) and their key roles: growth, repair, energy, and importance for specific groups like growing children and laborers.